Unit 2 Presenting ideas & Reflection知识清单2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

Unit 2 Presenting ideas & Reflection Part1：单元知识梳理 一、重点单词 1. pm n.下午（用于表示钟点的数字之后） 2. promise v.许诺，保证，答应 n.保证，承诺，诺言→ promise to do sth. 承诺做某事→ promise sb. sth.=promise sth. to sb.承诺某人某事→ promise (sb.) +that从句 承诺（某人）……→ make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言 3. tonight adv.（在）今晚 4. realise v.知道；明白；认识到；顿悟→ realize （美式英语）→ realise +(that)从句 意识到……→ It is realised that... 人们意识到……→ v. 实现 realise one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 5. lamp n.灯→ a desk/street lamp 台灯/路灯 6. blouse n.女士宽松短衫，女衬衫 7. pale adj.苍白的 → adj. 浅色的；暗淡的 8. policewoman n.女警察→ policeman n. （男）警察 9. point n.要点，重点，中心意思，主要含义→ get to the point 直奔主题→ come to the point 切入要点→ n. 论点；观点 10. lazy adj.懒洋洋度过的→ adj. 懒惰的 lazy dog 懒汉→比较级 lazier 最高级 laziest 11. sofa n.长沙发 12. term n.学期 13. conversation n.谈话，交谈，会话→ have a conversation with sb. 和某人交谈→ be in conversation 在交谈 14. disagreement n.意见不和，分歧，争论→ in disagreement 不赞同地→反义词 agreement n. （意见或看法）一致→ disagree v. 不同意；持不同意见 disagree with sb. (on sth.) 与某人（在某事上）持不同意见 15. pressure n.（工作或生活中的）压力→ put pressure on sb. (to do sth.)强迫某人（做某事）→ n. 压力；压强 air/water pressure 气压/水压→ press v. 按；压 16. disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→ be disappointed at sth. 对某事失望→ be disappointed in/with sb. 对某人失望 17. fail v.失败，未做到→ fail to do sth. 未能做到某事→反义词 succeed v. 成功；做成 succeed in doing sth. 成功做到某事 18. heartbreaking adj.使人心碎的 19. skiing n.滑雪运动→ ski v. 滑雪（运动） n. 滑雪板 20. completely adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地→同义词 totally→ complete adj. 完全的，彻底的 21. upon prep. 在……上面 22. clearly adv.清楚地，明白地→ clear adj. 明白清楚的 二、重点短语 1. out of breath 气喘吁吁 2. be attached to 被固定到…… 3. be cross with sb. 对某人生气 4. stay in touch with 与……保持联系 5. at times 有时，间或 6. have a disagreement with sb. 与某人有分歧 7. argue about 争论…… 8. peer pressure 同辈压力 9. turn...into... 把……变成…… 10. connect with 与……联系 11. try out for 参加……选拔（试镜，试演等） 12. can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 13. a big deal 大事，要务 14. fall in love with 爱上…… 15. fall upon 落在（某人）身上 三、重点句子 1. Mum is sitting in the living room, worried. 妈妈正坐在客厅里，满脸忧虑。 2. Yes, I promised to be back before 9 tonight. 没错，我承诺过今晚九点前回来。 3. A deal is a deal! 一诺千金！ 4. The promise wasn’t kept, so you can’t stay out late next time.承诺没有遵守，所以你下次不能在外面待到很晚。 5. I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist.我查看了一下，发现她的手腕上系着一个黄色腕带。 6. I’m sorry for being cross with you.对不起，我对你发脾气了。 7. Back then, I was so disappointed at being too short and failing to get on the basketball team.那时候，我因为个子太矮而没能进入篮球队，感到非常失望。 8. I couldn’t help laughing at my heartbreaking words then.当时我那些令人心碎的话让我忍不住笑了出来。 9. At first, I swam just to take my mind off things.起初，我只是为了转移注意力才游泳的。 10. My life has taken a different turn.我的生活有了不同的转变。 11. It may fall upon us at any stage in our lives. 在生活的任何阶段，它都可能发生在我们身上。 Part2 单元语法讲解 被动语态（2） 考点 1 一般过去时的被动语态的各种句式 一般过去时的被动语态由“主语 + was/were + 过去分词 (done) (+by+ 宾语)”构成。句式如下表： 分类 句式 例句 肯定句 主语+was/were+ 过去分词（+ by+宾语） A new school was built in our town last year.去年我们镇上建了一所新学校。 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词（+by +宾语） The problem wasn’t solved by him yesterday.这个问题昨天没被他解决。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词（+by + 宾语)? Were you invited to the party last night? 你昨晚被邀请参加派对了吗？ 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+ was/were + 主语 + 过去分词 （+by+ 宾语）? When was the computer invented? 电脑是什么时候发明的？ 考点 2 “主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语”句式的被动语态 这种类型的句子变为被动语态时，通常将主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语，谓语动词变为被动结构，宾语补足语不发生变化，但相应地成为主语补足语。宾语补足语如果为不带to 的不定式，句子变为被动语态时要加上to（谓语动词为let 时除外）。 例：The teacher asked us to finish the homework before Friday.老师要求我们在周五之前完成作业。 → We were asked to finish the homework before Friday by the teacher. 我们被老师要求在周五之前完成作业。 We were encouraged to study hard by the teacher. 我们被老师鼓励努力学习。 We were made to clean the classroom by the teacher. 老师让我们打扫教室。 Children were told by their parents not to play with fire. 孩子们被他们的父母告知不要玩火。 考点 3 一般过去时的被动语态常用的时间状语 表示过去的时间表达：yesterday（昨天）, last week/month/year（上周 / 上个月 / 去年）,ago（以前）, in + 过去年份（如 in 2010）, the other day（几天前）等。 例：These books were bought two years ago. 这些书是两年前买的。 These photos were taken last summer. 这些照片是去年夏天拍的。 Part3 单元写作 【写作维度】 本单元的写作项目是“个人成长与经历感悟”。相关内容包含以下几个方面：（1）学习生活中遇到困难后受到教诲并改变；（2）从痛苦或失败中得到收获及感悟；（3）分享你的故事和感受。 【写作支架/模版】 写“个人成长与经历感悟” 唤起脑海中留下的回忆 具体介绍自己难忘经历的经过 表达自己这次经历的收获 【句型积累】 一、开头段 ①Change is the best word to describe my middle school life. ②During my process of growing up, I learned a lot from the experience. ③I have had this experience that taught me a lot. ④There was an unforgettable experience in my childhood. 二、中间段 ①It happened on ... /in ... ②Last year, I went abroad for sightseeing. ③I knew I must depend on myself. ④Finally, I managed to find the local police and the problem was solved. ⑤My father encouraged me not to give up and helped me ... ⑥The best way was to experience and practice by myself. ⑦With her help, I finally succeeded in making progress. 三、结尾段 ①From this experience, I learned to be brave and independent. ②The beauty can only be seen after you make your efforts. ③It is ... that makes me grow more ... 【经典例题】 八年级生活丰富多彩，学校英文报“成长季”专栏正在以“My ________ Experience”为题面向全体初二学生开展征文活动。请你先用beautiful，unforgettable，sad等将题目补全，再结合以下思维导图，用英语写一篇短文投稿，记录你过去生活中难忘的经历与收获。 审要点：介绍难忘的经历，相关细节、感悟或收获。 要求：1.语句通顺、意思连贯、语法正确、书写规范； 2.文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等信息； 3.词数80～120。 My Unforgettable Experience How time flies! The good days have passed in the blink of an eye. Lots of memories have been left in my mind. Last summer holiday, I learned to swim. It was unforgettable and interesting. I went to the swimming pool with my father. He taught me how to swim. At first, I felt uncomfortable in the water. But my father told me not to be afraid of it and taught me how to move, how to stretch out my arms and legs. Slowly, I could move a little. I learned it for almost half a month. I was excited when my father told me I made it. From then on, I fell completely in love with the sport. Now I understand that nothing is impossible if you put your heart into it. 【实战演练】 成长的道路上，我们努力改变以提升自我。假如你是李华，你校英语广播站正在开展主题为“The Change Made Me _____（改变让我……）”的征文活动。请参考图文信息，积极投稿。 要求：1.补全标题； 2.内容积极向上，不少于80词； 3.文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 范文参考 The Change Made Me Better I have changed a lot since I was in Grade 8. In the past, I used to be weak and had difficulty in learning English. I felt tired when I studied for the exams. Then my friend Tom offered me help. Following his advice, I changed my learning methods. Firstly, I listened to the teacher carefully and took notes in class. Secondly, I kept practicing the new words by repeating after the tape. What’s more, I joined the soccer club. I felt relaxed when playing soccer. It made me stronger than before. What great changes! I get to know it’s never too late to change ourselves for the better. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $