内容正文:
Unit5 Nature’s Temper重点语法词汇专练
过去进行时
定义:过去进行时主要用来表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
1、 句式及基本结构
句型
结构
例句
肯定句
主语+ was/were + 现在分词.
She was reading a book at 8 pm yesterday.
昨天晚上 8 点她正在读书。
否定句
主语+ was/were + not +现在分词.
They weren’t playing football when it rained.
下雨时他们没在踢足球。
句型
结构
例句
一般疑问句
Was/Were +主语+现在分词+其他?
Were you doing homework at that time?
那时你在做作业吗?
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+现在分词+其他?
What was he drawing when the teacher came in?
老师进来时他在画什么?
2、现在分词的变化规律
口诀
情况
变化规则
例词
直
一般情况
直接加-ing
play → playing
去
以不发音字母e结尾
去e加-ing
have → having
双
重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母
双写词尾辅音字母再加-ing
run → running
改
以ie结尾
改ie为y再加-ing
lie → lying die
→ dying
3、基本用法
(1) 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,此时句中往往有表示过去时间的时间状语,或者与when、while、as引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用。有时没有时间状语,需要根据语境体会。
·I was writing a letter when you phoned.你打来电话时我正在写信。
(2)表示一个过去的动作发生时,另一个过去的动作正在进行。也可用来表示过去一段时间内持续发生的动作。
· I was watering the flowers when suddenly it began to rain.
我正在给花浇水,突然开始下雨了。
· We were expecting you yesterday. 我们昨天一直在等你。
(3)表示两个过去的动作同时进行,这时可用 while 连接。
· George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio.
乔治在读书,他的妻子在听广播。
(4)表达褒贬等感情色彩:与always、constantly、forever等连用,表示说话人的主观感情,如赞扬、不满、厌烦等。
· He was forever complaining about something. 他老是怨这怨那。
4、 时间标志词
(1)过去某一具体时刻正在进行的动作:at +过去时间点、at that moment、at the time (of ...)、just then。
· The phone rang at that moment, and I was doing my homework.
那时电话响了,我正在做作业。
· At the time of the accident, they were talking in the car.
事故发生时,他们正在车里交谈。
· Just then, he was running to catch the bus.
就在那时,他正跑着去赶公交车。
(2)过去某一时间段内持续进行的动作:from ... to ...(过去)、all + 过去时间段、the whole +过去时间段、during + 过去时间段。
· They were planting trees from 8 am to 11 am last Saturday.
上周六上午8 点到11 点他们在植树。
· She was sleeping all morning last Sunday.
上周日整个上午,她都在睡觉。
记忆口诀 过去进行时
过去进行最好记,was/were 后加v.-ing;
特定时间有暗示,过去某刻某时段;
肯定主语位句首,一般问句be 提前;
否定句式更简单,be 后仅把not 添。
5、 过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
过去
进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。可表示动作的未完成性。
e.g. They were planting trees yesterday. 昨天他们一直在植树。(强调昨天一天一直在植树,动作不一定结束)
一般
过去时
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。强调动作已经结束。
e.g. They planted trees yesterday. 昨天他们植树了。(强调昨天植了树,动作结束)
拓展:when 和while 的用法
用法
例句
when
表示主句动作发生的特定时间,既可指时间点,也可指时间段。从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。
Call me when you get home.
你到家时给我打电话。
用法
例句
when
从句的动作和主句的动作既可同时发生,也可先后发生。
When he arrived at the cinema, the film was
over. 当他到达电影院的时候,电影结束了。
当主句为将来时或表示将来的意义时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来,即遵循“主将从现”原则。
I will be a teacher when I grow up.
当我长大,我将会成为一名教师。
用法
例句
while
while 指时间段,其引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
While I was waiting for the bus, I met my friend. 当我正在等公交车时,我遇到了我的朋友。
强调主句动作发生时,从句动作正在进行,此时从句用进行时。
It began to snow while we were having dinner.
当我们在吃晚饭时,天开始下雪。
强调主从句动作同时进行时,主从句通常都用进行时。
While my mother was cooking dinner, my father was sweeping the floor.当我妈妈在做晚饭时,我爸爸在扫地。
一、单项选择题
1. I ______ my homework when my mother came back home yesterday.
A. do B. did C. was doing D. am doing
2. While my father ______ newspaper, my mother was cooking.
A. read B. was reading C. reads D. is reading
3. What ______ you ______ at 8 o'clock last night?
A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing
4. She ______ a shower when the earthquake happened.
A. took B. takes C. was taking D. is taking
5. ______ I was walking home, it began to rain heavily.
A. When B. While C. Before D. After
6. He ______ his bike when he ______ an accident.
A. rode; had B. was riding; had C. rode; was having D. was riding; was having
7. While they ______ to the music, someone knocked at the door.
A. listened B. were listening C. listen D. are listening
8. My brother ______ TV when I ______ home yesterday.
A. watched; got B. was watching; got
C. watched; was getting D. was watching; was getting
9. ______ the flood came, many people were still sleeping.
A. When B. While C. Because D. If
10. I ______ a book at 9 o'clock last Sunday morning.
A. read B. was reading C. am reading D. reads
11. While Tom ______ his room, his sister ______ her homework.
A. cleaned; did B. was cleaning; was doing
C. cleaned; was doing D. was cleaning; did
12. What ______ you ______ when the typhoon hit the city?
A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing
13. She ______ in the kitchen when the fire started.
A. cooked B. was cooking C. cooks D. is cooking
14. ______ my father was working, I was doing my homework.
A. When B. While C. After D. Before
15. He ______ football when he ______ his leg.
A. played; hurt B. was playing; hurt
C. played; was hurting D. was playing; was hurting
16. While we ______ for the bus, it suddenly began to snow.
A. waited B. were waiting C. wait D. are waiting
17. I ______ my teeth when the alarm clock went off.
A. brushed B. was brushing C. brush D. am brushing
18. ______ the wildfire spread, the firefighters were trying their best to put it out.
A. When B. While C. As soon as D. Until
19. My parents ______ TV when I ______ back from school.
A. watched; came B. were watching; came
C. watched; was coming D. were watching; were coming
20. What ______ he ______ at the time of the snowstorm?
A. do; do B. did; do C. was; doing D. is; doing
21. She ______ a letter when her friend called her.
A. wrote B. was writing C. writes D. is writing
22. While the children ______, the teacher came into the classroom.
A. played B. were playing C. play D. are playing
23. ______ I was walking past the shop, I saw a terrible accident.
A. When B. While C. Because D. So
24. He ______ in the park when it ______ to rain.
A. ran; began B. was running; began
C. ran; was beginning D. was running; was beginning
25. My sister ______ her hair when the power went out.
A. washed B. was washing C. washes D. is washing
26. While my mother ______ dinner, my father was cleaning the house.
A. cooked B. was cooking C. cook D. is cooking
27. What ______ you ______ when the landslide happened?
A. do; do B. did; do C. were; doing D. are; doing
28. He ______ a shower when the tornado hit the town.
A. took B. was taking C. takes D. is taking
29. ______ the students were reading, the teacher was writing on the blackboard.
A. When B. While C. After D. Before
30. I ______ my bike when I ______ a strange sound.
A. rode; heard B. was riding; heard
C. rode; was hearing D. was riding; was hearing
二、根据所给词适当形式填空
1. The car __________ (stop) suddenly when a bird flew across the road.
2. He __________ (check) the price of the Toyota Crown when I called him.
3. While we __________ (look) at the car, the salesman __________ (talk) to us.
4. She __________ (not notice) the crown logo because she __________ (read) the price list.
5. What __________ you __________ (do) when the car drove past?
6. My father __________ (wash) his Toyota when it began to rain.
7. The salesman __________ (show) us different models while we __________ (wait).
8. I __________ (ask) about the price while he __________ (explain) the car’s features.
9. They __________ (walk) around the showroom when they __________ (see) the Crown.
10. When I arrived, he __________ (compare) different cars carefully.
11. The rain __________ (stop) while we __________ (test-drive) the car.
12. She __________ (take) photos of the crown logo when her phone __________ (die).
13. __________ they __________ (discuss) the price at nine last night?
14. I __________ (not know) the car was expensive because I __________ (not look) at the price.
15. While everyone __________ (watch) the new Toyota Crown, the manager __________
(announce) the final price.
答案:
一、单项选择题
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B
6. B 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B
11. B 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. B
15. B 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. C
21. B 22. B 23. B 24. B 25. B
26. B 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. B
二、根据所给词适当形式填空
1. stopped
2. was checking
3. were looking; was talking
4. didn’t notice; was reading
5. were; doing
6. was washing
7. showed; were waiting
8. asked; was explaining
9. were walking; saw
10. was comparing
11. stopped; were test-driving
12. was taking; died
13. Were; discussing
14. didn’t know; wasn’t looking / didn’t look
15. was watching; announced
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