Unit 4 Weather and our lives 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语新教材沪教版五四制六年级下册

Unit 4 Weather and our lives 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：40分钟，满分：80分） 一、根据汉语提示提空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．The ________ (雾) this morning was so thick that we couldn’t see the buildings far away. 【答案】fog 【详解】句意：今天早上的雾很浓，我们根本看不到建筑物。句中需要一个名词作主语，fog“雾”，不可数名词，与后面的“was”在语法上匹配。 2．We can use our mobile phones to check the ________ (实时的) weather information. 【答案】real-time 【详解】句意：我们可以用手机查看实时的天气信息。根据汉语提示可知，real-time“实时的”，形容词，修饰名词短语weather information。故填real-time。 3．The ________ (暴风雨) last night damaged many houses and power lines. 【答案】storm 【详解】句意：昨晚的暴风雨摧毁了许多房屋和电力线路。根据汉语提示，storm“暴风雨”。句首有定冠词The，后接单数名词即可，此处表昨晚那场特定的暴风雨，用单数形式。 4．Farmers need to ________ (保护) their crops from strong winds and heavy rain. 【答案】protect 【详解】句意：农民们需要保护庄稼免受狂风暴雨的侵害。句中“need to”后接动词原形，“保护”英文表达为“protect”，动词。 5．The weather has a great ________ (影响) on people’s mood and daily activities. 【答案】influence 【详解】句意：天气对人们的情绪和日常活动有很大的影响。根据汉语提示，influence“影响”，前有不定冠词a，此处用单数。 6．The ________ (气候) in tropical areas is hot and wet all year round. 【答案】climate 【详解】句意：热带地区的气候全年炎热潮湿。climate“气候”，不可数名词。 7．Windy weather is ________ (适合) for windsurfing and other outdoor sports. 【答案】suitable 【详解】句意：多风的天气适合风帆冲浪和其他户外运动。根据中文提示可知，“适合”对应的英文是suitable，是形容词，此处作表语。 8．The sudden ________ (阵雨) made us run to the nearest shop to take shelter. 【答案】shower 【详解】句意：突如其来的阵雨让我们跑到最近的商店避雨。shower“阵雨”，前面有The sudden修饰，特指这场阵雨，用名词单数。 9．The ________ (阳光) is bright today, and it's a good day to have a picnic in the park. 【答案】sunshine 【详解】句意：今天的阳光很明媚，是在公园野餐的好日子。根据中文提示“阳光”可知，此处填名词sunshine，意为“阳光”，为不可数名词，作主语时谓语用单数is。故填sunshine。 10．We need to ________ (注意) the weather warnings when there is a storm coming. 【答案】pay attention to 【详解】句意：暴风雨来临时，我们需要注意天气警报。pay attention to“注意”，need to do sth“需要做某事”，动词用原形。 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．It t________ a long time to learn to speak a new language well. 【答案】(t)akes 【详解】句意：要把一门新语言说好需要很长时间。根据“It...a long time to learn to speak a new language well.”和首字母提示可知，此处是it takes/took time to do sth.“做某事需要时间”，固定句型，句子叙述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是“It”，动词用三单形式takes。故填(t)akes。 2．I hope the playground will stay d__________ for our basketball match. 【答案】(d)ry 【详解】句意：我希望操场能为我们的篮球比赛保持干燥。根据首字母提示以及“for our basketball match”可知，是希望操场保持干燥，dry“干燥的”。故填(d)ry。 3．There are s________ apples on the table. Can you pass me one? 【答案】(s)everal 【详解】句意：桌子上有几个苹果。你能递给我一个吗？根据“There are…apples on the table. Can you pass me one?”及首字母可知，此处表示“几个苹果”，sevral意为“几个”，后接可数名词复数。故填(s)everal。 4．The living a________ of this community is quite large. 【答案】(a)rea 【详解】句意：这个社区的居住面积相当大。根据“The living a... of this community is quite large.”可知，是指社区的居住面积，名词area“面积”，符合语境。故填(a)rea。 5．Different trees join together to prevent strong w_________. 【答案】(w)inds 【详解】句意：不同的树木连在一起，以防止强风。根据“prevent strong”及首字母提示，表示“风”应填“wind”。“wind”是名词，作宾语，且表示“强风”需用复数形式，符合句意。故填(w)inds。 6．He lives in a flat in the s________ of Beijing. 【答案】(s)outh 【详解】句意：他住在北京南面的一栋公寓里。根据“He lives in a flat in the…of Beijing.”及首字母提示可知此处应用名词south“南方”，in the south of…“在……南方”。故填(s)outh。 7．Birds usually have to fly a long distance to migrate (迁徙) from n_________ to south in winter. 【答案】(n)orth 【详解】句意：冬天鸟类通常要飞很长的距离才能从北方迁徙到南方。根据“migrate (迁徙) from...to south in winter”和首字母可知，此处指从北方迁徙到南方，north“北方”，名词。故填(n)orth。 8．Tom is not feeling well. Please take his t________. 【答案】(t)emperature 【详解】句意：汤姆感觉不舒服。请量一下他的体温。根据“Tom is not feeling well.”并结合首字母提示可知，感觉不舒服，应是需要测量一下体温，temperature“体温”符合。故填(t)emperature。 9．I love winter because I can s________ on the lake. 【答案】(s)kate 【详解】句意：我喜欢冬天，因为我可以在湖上滑冰。根据“I love winter...”及首字母提示可知，这里指在湖上滑冰，skate意为“滑冰”，情态动词后跟动词原形，故填(s)kate。 10．Here is good n________ for you. Your class will have a trip to Mount Tai this Sunday. 【答案】(n)ews 【详解】句意：有个好消息要告诉你。这个星期天你们班要去泰山旅行。根据后文“Your class will have a trip to Mount Tai this Sunday.”以及首字母提示，此处指的是有好消息，news“消息”符合题意，不可数名词。故填(n)ews。 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．After the rain, the sky became __________ again. (sun) 【答案】sunny 【详解】句意：雨后，天空又变得晴朗了。“became”为系动词，后接形容词作表语。“sun”为名词，其形容词形式sunny“晴朗的”符合句意。 2．I have been to London three __________. (time) 【答案】times 【详解】句意：我去过伦敦三次。根据“three”提示，此处应填可数名词复数形式，表示“次数”。time的复数形式是times。 3．The pupils had to change their ________ because of the high temperature. (uniform) 【答案】uniforms 【详解】句意：因为气温很高，学生们不得不更换校服。主语The pupils是复数，此处表示“校服”，需用名词uniform的复数形式uniforms，符合句意和语法要求，因此填uniforms。 4．The ________ of the highest temperature in this area was broken during the heatwave. (recording) 【答案】record 【详解】句意：该地区的最高气温纪录在热浪期间被打破了。定冠词The后接名词作句子主语，括号内recording是动名词/名词“记录（动作）”，需转换为名词record（纪录），符合“气温纪录”的语境和语法要求。 5．The situation became even ________ due to the continuous heatwave. (bad) 【答案】worse 【详解】句意：由于持续的热浪，情况变得更糟了。“even”表明此处用比较级，“bad”的形容词比较级形式是“worse”，在这里表示情况变得更糟糕。 6．The ________ of the trees looked a bit dry in the heat. (leaf) 【答案】leaves 【详解】句意：天热的时候，这些树的叶子看起来有点干枯。句中“of the trees”表示“树的”，说明不止一片叶子，应用复数形式。 leaf是以f结尾的名词，变复数需把f改为v再加es，故填leaves。 7．The news reported the ________ of the day reached a new level. (hot) 【答案】heat 【详解】句意：新闻报道说当天的高温达到了新高。句中“the”后面需要接名词，hot是形容词，意为“热的”，其名词形式是heat，表示“热度；高温”，故填heat。 8．There are some white __________ in the sky. (cloud) 【答案】clouds 【详解】句意：天空中有一些白云。some后面要接可数名词复数或不可数名词，cloud“云”是可数名词，所以要用复数clouds。 9．The sudden __________ surprised everyone. (snowy) 【答案】snow 【详解】句意：这场突如其来的雪让所有人都感到惊讶。sudden是形容词，后接名词，snowy的名词形式是snow，意为“雪”。 10．The __________ morning made it difficult to see clearly. (fog) 【答案】foggy 【详解】句意：雾蒙蒙的早晨使得视野变得模糊。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“morning”，表示“有雾的”。fog是名词，其形容词形式是foggy“有雾的，雾蒙蒙的”，在句中作定语。 四、单项选择，每小题1分，满分15分 1．________ that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad. A．It’s a exciting news B．This is an exciting news C．This is exciting news D．It’s exciting news 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他们的女儿得到了出国留学的机会，这真是个令人兴奋的消息。 it…that…是固定句型，it作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。news为不可数名词，前面不用冠词修饰，且exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，应填It’s exciting news。 2．________ certain that his invention will make people’s life more convenient. A．That’s B．This is C．It’s D．What’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，他的发明将会使人们的生活更加便利。 That’s那是；This is这是；It’s它是；What’s什么是。“It’s certain that...”是固定句型，表示“毫无疑问……；肯定……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 3．_________ is known to all that Shenzhou 19 was launched successfully in 2024. A．As B．What C．It D．That 【答案】C 【详解】句意：众所周知，神舟十九号在2024年成功发射。 As作为；What什么；It它；That那个。“It is known to all that...”是固定句型，表示“众所周知……”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 4．Is ________ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? A．everyone B．this C．it D．her 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当我们进入实验室时，有必要脱掉鞋子吗？ everyone每个人；this这个；it它；her她。根据句子结构可知，此处使用固定句型：It is+形容词+to do sth.，意为“做某事是……的”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，应选it。 5．________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A．There B．This C．That D．It 【答案】D 【详解】句意：英语正在被接受为国际语言是一个事实。 There那里；This这个；That那个；It它。分析句子结构可知，本句属于“It is+名词+that从句”句型，it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，避免头重脚轻。 6．It’s easy ________ each other if we don’t communicate clearly. A．understand B．understanding C．to understand D．to misunderstand 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如果我们不清楚沟通，就很容易误解对方。 understand理解（动词原形）；understanding理解（动名词/现在分词）；to understand理解（不定式）；to misunderstand误解（不定式）。根据“if we don’t communicate clearly”（如果我们不清楚沟通）可知，不清楚沟通会导致理解错误，因此应用“误解”之意。“It’s +形容词 + to do sth.”为固定句型，表示“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，to misunderstand符合语境。 7．What ________ are you doing? It’s very careless ______ you to make the same mistake again. A．in earth; of B．to earth; for C．on the earth; for D．on earth; of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你到底在做什么？你又犯了同样的错误，真是太粗心了。 on earth是固定搭配，意为“到底，究竟”，用于加强疑问语气，on the earth意为“在地球上”，故第一空填on earth。在“It’s+adj.+of/for+sb.+to do sth.”句型中，若形容词说明人的性格特征（如careless“粗心的”），介词用of，若说明事物性质，介词用for。此处careless形容人，故第二空填of。 8．It ________ hundreds of years ________ a large cave. A．spends; forming B．pays; for forming C．costs; to form D．takes; to form 【答案】D 【详解】句意：形成一个大洞穴花费了数百年时间。 spend花费，spend time doing sth“做某事花费多少时间”，主语是人；pay付款；cost花费；take花费。it takes + 时间段 + to do sth.“做某事花费多少时间”，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to form。 9．It’s exciting ________ different kinds of animals in the wonderland. A．see B．seeing C．to see D．saw 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在仙境里看到不同种类的动物是令人兴奋的。 考查动词不定式作主语。see看见，动词原形；seeing看见，动名词/现在分词；to see看见，动词不定式；saw看见，过去式。“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”为固定句型，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语应为动词不定式（to do）结构。故选C。 10．Scientists made ________ possible to use robots to clean the rooms. A．it is B．that it C．it D．it’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：科学家们让使用机器人打扫房间成为可能。 make it + adj. + to do sth.意为“使做某事变得……”，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。A、D项含有系动词is，B项含有that，填入后句子结构错误，所以应填it。 11．It takes ________ one hour ________ the DIY task, but I’m very happy. A．me; do B．me; to do C．I; doing D．I; to do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：完成这个DIY任务花费了我一个小时的时间，但是我非常开心。 考查固定句型及代词辨析。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是固定句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，因此第一个空用宾格形式me作takes的宾语，第二个空用动词不定式to do作真正的主语。I是主格形式，不能作takes的宾语；doing是动名词形式，不符合该句型结构。故选B。 12．It doesn’t take long ________ a healthy meal. A．make B．makes C．to make D．making 【答案】C 【详解】句意：做一顿健康的饭菜花不了多长时间。 It takes +时间 + to do sth.为固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，其中it为形式主语，真正主语是后面的不定式短语，to make符合语境。 13．It’s fun for us ________ to the rhythm of rock music. A．dance B．dancing C．to dance D．danced 【答案】C 【详解】句意：跟着摇滚音乐的节奏跳舞很有趣。 It’s fun to do sth.是固定句型，it作形式主语，此处是动词不定式作真正的主语，应填to dance。 14．It’s polite ________ others when they are talking. A．to interrupt B．not to interrupt C．interrupting D．not interrupting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：别人说话时不去打扰是有礼貌的表现。 It’s +形容词 + to do sth.为固定句型，根据“polite”（有礼貌的）可知，此处应表达“不打扰”才符合礼貌准则，因此用不定式的否定形式，not to interrupt符合语境。 15．It ________ me half an hour ________ my homework every day. A．takes; to do B．takes; doing C．spends; doing D．spends; to do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我每天做作业要花费半个小时。 本题考查固定句式it takes sb some time to do sth“做某事花费某人多少时间”，根据“every day”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语是it，第一空要填动词的第三人称单数形式takes，第二空要填不定式to do。spend“花费”的用法为sb spend time (in) doing sth，与句子成分不符。 五、完成句子，每小题1分，满分15分 1．what, to visit, is, the best time, hometown, your (连词成句) _____________________________________________________________________? 【答案】What is the best time to visit your hometown 【详解】根据句末的问号可知，本句为特殊疑问句。特殊疑问词为“What”；谓语动词为“is”；“the best time”表示“最好的时间”，作句子主语；“to visit your hometown”为动词不定式短语，作后置定语修饰“the best time”。 2．The film was so interesting that I watched it twice. (保持句义不变) The film was __________ __________ for me to watch twice. 【答案】 interesting enough 【详解】句意：这部电影如此有趣，以至于我看了两遍。原句中“so interesting that”是关键信息，对应句型“so + 形容词 + that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”。 要保持句意不变，可转换为“形容词 + enough + for sb. to do sth.”结构，表示“足够……以至于某人可以做某事”，即interesting enough for me to watch twice表示“足够有趣，让我看了两遍”，和原句意思完全一致。 3．Yiming spent two hours writing an email. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ did Yiming spend writing an email? 【答案】 How long 【详解】句意：一明花了两个小时写一封电子邮件。划线部分“two hours”表示的是一明写电子邮件所花费的时间长度，故此处疑问词用how long“多长时间”，放句首首字母大写。 4．Lisa thinks late spring is a good time to visit London. (改为一般疑问句) __________ Lisa __________ late spring is a good time to visit London? 【答案】 Does think 【详解】句意：丽莎认为晚春是游览伦敦的好时候。句中“thinks”表明句子时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数“Lisa”，变为一般疑问句时，需要在句首加助动词Does，并将动词“thinks”还原为原形think。 5．Wang Yiming has received an email from Lisa. (改为否定句) Wang Yiming __________ __________ an email from Lisa. 【答案】 hasn’t received 【详解】句意：王一鸣已经收到了来自丽莎的电子邮件。句中“has received”是现在完成时结构 (has + 过去分词)， 现在完成时变否定句时，需要在助动词has后加not，缩写为hasn’t，后面的过去分词received保持不变。 6．fires, that day, in, broke out, England, places, a few, in（连词成句） ____________________________________________. 【答案】Fires broke out in a few places in England that day 【详解】根据所给单词和标点可知，这是一个陈述句。“Fires”是主语，表示“火灾”；“broke out”是谓语，表示“爆发”；“in a few places”是介词短语作状语，表示“在几个地方”；“in England”也是介词短语作状语，表示“在英国”；“that day”是时间状语，表示“那天”。 7．It was windy yesterday. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the weather like yesterday? 【答案】 What was 【详解】句意：昨天刮风了。windy“刮风的”是描述天气的形容词，yesterday表明时态为一般过去时，对天气状况提问要用固定句型“What was the weather like...?”。 8．He often took a taxi to school because his home was far from school.（对划线部分提问） ________ did he often ________ a taxi to school? 【答案】 Why take 【详解】句意：他经常乘出租车去学校，因为他家离学校很远。划线部分为“because his home was far from school”，表示原因，用疑问词why来提问，原句谓语动词是“took”，是take的过去式，在疑问句中，前面有助动词did，所以动词用原形take，故填Why；take。 9． In Coningsby, England, it reached 40.3℃.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ it reach 40.3℃? 【答案】 Where did 【详解】句意：在英格兰的康宁斯比，气温达到了40.3摄氏度。划线部分In Coningsby, England表示“地点”，对地点提问需要用特殊疑问词where“在哪里”，句首首字母要大写；根据“reached”可知，原句时态为一般过去时，在一般过去时的疑问句中，需要借助助动词did来构成，并将reached还原为reach。 10．The temperature drops to three degrees Celsius. (改为否定句) The temperature __________ __________ to three degrees Celsius. 【答案】 doesn’t drop 【详解】句意：气温降到了3摄氏度。题干为一般现在时的句子，主语The temperature是第三人称单数，改为否定句时，需要在实义动词drops前加助动词doesn’t，同时将动词drops还原为原形drop。故填doesn’t；drop。 11．如果你计划户外活动，最好先查看天气。 If you plan to ________ ________ ________ ________ activities, you'd better check the weather first. 【答案】 take part in outdoor 【详解】原句中“计划户外活动”是关键词，take part in是固定短语，表示“参加、参与”，outdoor是形容词，意为“户外的”，修饰名词activities。结构plan to do sth.要求to后接动词原形，take用原形。故填take；part；in；outdoor。 12．大雾使司机很难看清道路。 The ________ ________ ________ it difficult for drivers ________ ________ the road clearly. 【答案】 heavy fog made to see 【详解】原句中“大雾”“使”“看清”是关键词，表示“大雾”的短语是heavy fog，“使”用动词made，此处为一般过去时（描述客观发生的情况），固定句式“make it+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”中，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，“看清”用see。 13．过去几年里，这个地区的气候变得越来越暖。 The ________ in this area ________ ________ warmer and warmer over the past few years. 【答案】 climate has become 【详解】原句中“气候变得”是关键词，climate“气候”，在句中作主语，是不可数名词，become“变得”，时间状语“over the past few years” 表示动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，用has become。 14．我们应该在雷暴天气时避免使用电子产品。 We should ________ ________ electronic products during ________ ________. 【答案】 avoid using thunderstorm weather 【详解】原句中“避免使用”“雷暴天气”是关键词，表示“避免使用”的短语是avoid using，情态动词should后接动词原形，“雷暴天气”的短语是thunderstorm weather。 15．天气预报说明天会有大雨和强风。 The weather forecast says there will be ________ ________ and ________ ________ tomorrow. 【答案】 heavy rain strong wind 【详解】原句中“大雨”是关键词，表示“大雨”的短语是heavy rain，“强风”是关键词，表示“强风”的短语是strong wind。本句为there be句型的一般将来时，there will be后接名词短语。 六、短文填空，每小题1分，满分20分 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，每空不多于3个单词。 It’s December. It’s 1 (snow) and the weather 2 (be) really cold in the north of China. You can see many 3 (child) playing with snow. Some of them are making snowmen. Some are 4 (skate) on the river, because it’s so 5 that the water in the river freezes (结冰). It’s a white world. How beautiful! But in Australia now, the weather is 6 . Many people go swimming in the sea. They are having 7 good time. Jim and his friends are playing soccer near the sea. They want 8 (swim) after playing soccer. Why are they swimming in December? That is winter, 9 (is) it? Yes, it is in China. But it isn’t in Australia. That’s 10 China and Australia have different seasons (季节) in a year. 【答案】 1．snowy/snowing 2．is 3．children 4．skating 5．cold 6．hot 7．a 8．to swim 9．isn’t 10．because 【导语】本文通过对比中国与澳大利亚十二月的不同天气，说明南北半球季节相反的现象。 1．句意：中国北方下雪了，天气真的很冷。空格前“It’s”后可接形容词作表语描述天气（snowy），也可用现在进行时表示动作正在发生（is snowing），两种形式均可。 2．句意：中国北方下雪了，天气真的很冷。主语“the weather”是第三人称单数，句子描述客观事实，需用一般现在时，be动词用is。 3．句意：你可以看到许多孩子在玩雪。“many”后需接可数名词复数，child的复数形式是children。 4．句意：有些人在河上滑冰，因为天气如此寒冷，河里的水结冰了。空格前有“are”，需用现在分词构成现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作，skate的现在分词是skating。 5．句意：有些人在河上滑冰，因为天气如此寒冷，河里的水结冰了。空格前“so”后需接形容词，表示“如此寒冷”，导致河水结冰，故用cold。 6．句意：但在澳大利亚，天气很热。前文描述中国北方的寒冷天气，此处用but转折，说明澳大利亚天气相反，故用hot。 7．句意：他们玩得很开心。“have a good time”是动词短语，意为“玩得开心”，good time为可数名词短语，需用不定冠词a修饰。 8．句意：他们想在踢完足球后游泳。“want to do sth.”是动词短语，意为“想要做某事”，后接动词不定式作宾语，故用to swim。 9．句意：那是冬天，不是吗？反意疑问句的附加问句部分，前句“That is winter”为肯定形式，附加问句需用否定形式，is的否定缩写是isn’t。 10．句意：那是因为中国和澳大利亚在一年中有不同的季节。空格后是完整的句子“China and Australia have different seasons”，解释前面提到的现象的原因，需用从属连词because引导表语从句。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（每空不多于3个单词）。 Last week, our class talked about the weather. We learned that weather is very important in our lives. For example, sunny days are good for outdoor activities, while rainy days are good for staying at home and 1 (relax). Our teacher told us that the weather can be 2 (change) sometimes. In spring, it is often warm and wet. In summer, it is hot and sunny. In autumn, it is cool and dry. In winter, it is cold and snowy. We also learned that different people like different kinds of weather. Some people like sunny days because they can go to the beach. Others like rainy days because they can stay at home and 3 (read) books. Our teacher asked us to watch the weather forecast every day. By 4 (check) the weather forecast, we can plan our activities better. For example, if it is going to rain, we can take an umbrella. If it is going to be very hot, we can wear 5 (light) clothes. We all agreed that weather is an interesting topic. We should learn to 6 (adapt) to different kinds of weather. In some places, the weather can be very 7 (sun) and dry. In other places, it can be rainy and 8 (wind). No matter what kind of weather we have, we can always find something fun to do. For example, in winter, we can go 9 (ski). In summer, we can go swimming. In the end, our teacher said, “Weather affects 10 (we) every day, so we should pay attention to it.” 【答案】 1．relaxing 2．changeable 3．read 4．checking 5．light 6．adapt 7．sunny 8．windy 9．skiing 10．us 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了天气在我们生活中的重要性、不同季节的天气特点以及人们如何根据天气预报安排活动，最后强调我们要学会适应各种天气。           1．句意：例如，晴天适合户外活动，而雨天适合待在家里放松。根据“staying at home and”可知，and连接两个并列结构，前面用动名词staying，后面也应用relax的动名词形式作宾语。故填relaxing。 2．句意：老师告诉我们天气有时是多变的。根据“can be”可知，其后应用形容词作表语，change的形容词形式为changeable。故填changeable。 3．句意：有些人喜欢雨天，因为他们可以待在家里看书。根据“can stay at home and”可知，and连接两个并列谓语，前面用动词原形stay，后面也应用read的动词原形。故填read。 4．句意：通过查看天气预报，我们可以更好地安排活动。介词By后应用动名词作宾语，check的动名词形式为checking。故填checking。 5．句意：如果天气很热，我们可以穿轻便的衣服。此处应用形容词修饰名词clothes，light本身可作形容词，意为“轻便的、浅色的”。故填light。 6．句意：我们应该学会适应不同的天气。learn to do sth“学会做某事”，to后面加动词原形。故填adapt。 7．句意：在一些地方，天气可能非常晴朗干燥。根据“can be”可知，其后应用形容词作表语，sun的形容词形式为sunny“晴朗的”。故填sunny。 8．句意：在其他地方，天气可能多雨多风。根据“rainy and”可知，and连接两个并列形容词，wind的形容词形式为windy。故填windy。 9．句意：在冬天，我们可以去滑雪。go skiing“去滑雪”，固定短语，ski的动名词形式为skiing。故填skiing。 10．句意：天气每天都会影响我们，所以我们应该关注它。动词affects后应用人称代词的宾格形式作宾语，we的宾格为us。故填us。 2 / 15 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Weather and our lives 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：40分钟，满分：80分） 一、根据汉语提示提空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．The ________ (雾) this morning was so thick that we couldn’t see the buildings far away. 2．We can use our mobile phones to check the ________ (实时的) weather information. 3．The ________ (暴风雨) last night damaged many houses and power lines. 4．Farmers need to ________ (保护) their crops from strong winds and heavy rain. 5．The weather has a great ________ (影响) on people’s mood and daily activities. 6．The ________ (气候) in tropical areas is hot and wet all year round. 7．Windy weather is ________ (适合) for windsurfing and other outdoor sports. 8．The sudden ________ (阵雨) made us run to the nearest shop to take shelter. 9．The ________ (阳光) is bright today, and it's a good day to have a picnic in the park. 10．We need to ________ (注意) the weather warnings when there is a storm coming. 二、根据首字母填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．It t________ a long time to learn to speak a new language well. 2．I hope the playground will stay d__________ for our basketball match. 3．There are s________ apples on the table. Can you pass me one? 4．The living a________ of this community is quite large. 5．Different trees join together to prevent strong w_________. 6．He lives in a flat in the s________ of Beijing. 7．Birds usually have to fly a long distance to migrate (迁徙) from n_________ to south in winter. 8．Tom is not feeling well. Please take his t________. 9．I love winter because I can s________ on the lake. 10．Here is good n________ for you. Your class will have a trip to Mount Tai this Sunday. 三、用单词的适当形式填空，每小题1分，满分10分 1．After the rain, the sky became __________ again. (sun) 2．I have been to London three __________. (time) 3．The pupils had to change their ________ because of the high temperature. (uniform) 4．The ________ of the highest temperature in this area was broken during the heatwave. (recording) 5．The situation became even ________ due to the continuous heatwave. (bad) 6．The ________ of the trees looked a bit dry in the heat. (leaf) 7．The news reported the ________ of the day reached a new level. (hot) 8．There are some white __________ in the sky. (cloud) 9．The sudden __________ surprised everyone. (snowy) 10．The __________ morning made it difficult to see clearly. (fog) 四、单项选择，每小题1分，满分15分 1．________ that their daughter got an opportunity to study abroad. A．It’s a exciting news B．This is an exciting news C．This is exciting news D．It’s exciting news 2．________ certain that his invention will make people’s life more convenient. A．That’s B．This is C．It’s D．What’s 3．_________ is known to all that Shenzhou 19 was launched successfully in 2024. A．As B．What C．It D．That 4．Is ________ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? A．everyone B．this C．it D．her 5．________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A．There B．This C．That D．It 6．It’s easy ________ each other if we don’t communicate clearly. A．understand B．understanding C．to understand D．to misunderstand 7．What ________ are you doing? It’s very careless ______ you to make the same mistake again. A．in earth; of B．to earth; for C．on the earth; for D．on earth; of 8．It ________ hundreds of years ________ a large cave. A．spends; forming B．pays; for forming C．costs; to form D．takes; to form 9．It’s exciting ________ different kinds of animals in the wonderland. A．see B．seeing C．to see D．saw 10．Scientists made ________ possible to use robots to clean the rooms. A．it is B．that it C．it D．it’s 11．It takes ________ one hour ________ the DIY task, but I’m very happy. A．me; do B．me; to do C．I; doing D．I; to do 12．It doesn’t take long ________ a healthy meal. A．make B．makes C．to make D．making 13．It’s fun for us ________ to the rhythm of rock music. A．dance B．dancing C．to dance D．danced 14．It’s polite ________ others when they are talking. A．to interrupt B．not to interrupt C．interrupting D．not interrupting 15．It ________ me half an hour ________ my homework every day. A．takes; to do B．takes; doing C．spends; doing D．spends; to do 五、完成句子，每小题1分，满分15分 1．what, to visit, is, the best time, hometown, your (连词成句) _____________________________________________________________________? 2．The film was so interesting that I watched it twice. (保持句义不变) The film was __________ __________ for me to watch twice. 3．Yiming spent two hours writing an email. (对划线部分提问) __________ __________ did Yiming spend writing an email? 4．Lisa thinks late spring is a good time to visit London. (改为一般疑问句) __________ Lisa __________ late spring is a good time to visit London? 5．Wang Yiming has received an email from Lisa. (改为否定句) Wang Yiming __________ __________ an email from Lisa. 6．fires, that day, in, broke out, England, places, a few, in（连词成句） ____________________________________________. 7．It was windy yesterday. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ the weather like yesterday? 8．He often took a taxi to school because his home was far from school.（对划线部分提问） ________ did he often ________ a taxi to school? 9． In Coningsby, England, it reached 40.3℃.（对画线部分提问） ________ ________ it reach 40.3℃? 10．The temperature drops to three degrees Celsius. (改为否定句) The temperature __________ __________ to three degrees Celsius. 11．如果你计划户外活动，最好先查看天气。 If you plan to ________ ________ ________ ________ activities, you'd better check the weather first. 12．大雾使司机很难看清道路。 The ________ ________ ________ it difficult for drivers ________ ________ the road clearly. 13．过去几年里，这个地区的气候变得越来越暖。 The ________ in this area ________ ________ warmer and warmer over the past few years. 14．我们应该在雷暴天气时避免使用电子产品。 We should ________ ________ electronic products during ________ ________. 15．天气预报说明天会有大雨和强风。 The weather forecast says there will be ________ ________ and ________ ________ tomorrow. 六、短文填空，每小题1分，满分20分 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，每空不多于3个单词。 It’s December. It’s 1 (snow) and the weather 2 (be) really cold in the north of China. You can see many 3 (child) playing with snow. Some of them are making snowmen. Some are 4 (skate) on the river, because it’s so 5 that the water in the river freezes (结冰). It’s a white world. How beautiful! But in Australia now, the weather is 6 . Many people go swimming in the sea. They are having 7 good time. Jim and his friends are playing soccer near the sea. They want 8 (swim) after playing soccer. Why are they swimming in December? That is winter, 9 (is) it? Yes, it is in China. But it isn’t in Australia. That’s 10 China and Australia have different seasons (季节) in a year. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（每空不多于3个单词）。 Last week, our class talked about the weather. We learned that weather is very important in our lives. For example, sunny days are good for outdoor activities, while rainy days are good for staying at home and 1 (relax). Our teacher told us that the weather can be 2 (change) sometimes. In spring, it is often warm and wet. In summer, it is hot and sunny. In autumn, it is cool and dry. In winter, it is cold and snowy. We also learned that different people like different kinds of weather. Some people like sunny days because they can go to the beach. Others like rainy days because they can stay at home and 3 (read) books. Our teacher asked us to watch the weather forecast every day. By 4 (check) the weather forecast, we can plan our activities better. For example, if it is going to rain, we can take an umbrella. If it is going to be very hot, we can wear 5 (light) clothes. We all agreed that weather is an interesting topic. We should learn to 6 (adapt) to different kinds of weather. In some places, the weather can be very 7 (sun) and dry. In other places, it can be rainy and 8 (wind). No matter what kind of weather we have, we can always find something fun to do. For example, in winter, we can go 9 (ski). In summer, we can go swimming. In the end, our teacher said, “Weather affects 10 (we) every day, so we should pay attention to it.” 2 / 15 1 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $