八下 Unit9 单元同步检测卷【趣味课堂】英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

新仁爱版八下 Unit 9 Forces of Nature 单元同步检测卷 英语（全解全析） （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分） 班级： 姓名： 题号 总分 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 得分 一、完形填空 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节 选词填空。阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） do   safe    break   danger  when   care   help   child   run   flood A big 1 happened in our town last summer. It rained heavily for three days. Many houses were in water. Some people were in 2 . Many volunteers (志愿者) came to 3 them. They 4 to move people to safe places. Some volunteers 5 their legs or arms, but they didn’t stop. 6 the flood is coming, we must stay calm. We should go to high places and keep 7 . We can’t 8 dangerous things. For 9 , we should learn some safety rules. If we are 10 and know what to do, we can keep safe in floods. 【答案】 1．flood 2．danger 3．help 4．ran 5．broke 6．When 7．safe 8．do 9．children 10．careful 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的家乡去年夏天发生的洪水，并给出了一些应对洪水的建议。 1．句意：去年夏天，我们镇上发生了一场大洪水。 根据后文“It rained heavily for three days. Many houses were in water.”的描述，可知这里指的是洪水，结合所给词语flood符合语境，意为“洪水”，是可数名词，不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数。 2．句意：一些人处于危险之中。根据前文“Many houses were in water.”可知，此处考查固定短语in danger，意为“处于危险之中”。 3．句意：许多志愿者来帮助他们。根据前文“Some people were in danger.”可知，此处是说“志愿者来帮助受灾的人们”，结合所给词语help“帮助”，符合语境，come to do sth.是固定表达，意为“来做某事”，此处用动词原形和空前的“to”构成动词不定式，作状语。 4．句意：他们跑去把人们转移到安全的地方。根据设空，此处应填入一个动词作谓语，结合句意和所给词语，此处考查固定短语run to do sth.，意为“跑去做某事”，体现志愿者紧急救援的状态，此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，run的过去式是ran。 5．句意：一些志愿者弄破了他们的腿或胳膊，但是他们没有停止。根据设空，此处应填入一个动词，作谓语，结合空后的“their legs or arms”和“but they didn’t stop”，以及所给词语，break“弄破”符合语境，此处叙述的是过去的事情，句子用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，break的过去式是broke。 6．句意：当洪水来临时，我们必须保持冷静。此处考查when引导的时间状语从句，when意为“当……时”，句首单词的首字母要大写。 7．句意：我们应该去高的地方，并保持安全。根据前文“When the flood is coming”和所给词语可知，此处考查固定短语keep safe，意为“保持安全”。 8．句意：我们不能做危险的事情。根据空后的“dangerous things”和所给词语可知，此处do“做”符合语境，“can’t”是情态动词can的否定形式，其后加动词原形。 9．句意：对于孩子们，我们应该学习一些安全规则。根据“we should learn some safety rules.”和所给词语可知，此处表达的意思是“对于孩子们”，用child的复数形式表示泛指，child的复数形式是children，意为“孩子们”。 10．句意：如果我们小心并知道该做什么，我们能在洪水中保持安全。根据句意和所给词语，此处考查固定短语be careful，意为“小心的；谨慎的”，符合安全避险的逻辑，careful是动词care的形容词形式，在句中作表语。 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） Natural disasters can be very dangerous. They 11 harm the environment, break down houses, and even cause deaths. But do you know that human 12 can also bring about natural disasters? For example, the burning of coal can lead to 13 warming. This can cause longer and more serious heatwaves and rainstorms. When a disaster happens, we need to know how to 14 ourselves. Here are some safety tips for different disasters. During an earthquake, if you are indoors, hide under a desk and 15 on to its legs. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and trees. During a forest fire, call 119 right away and find a 16 place. You can also protect yourself with a wet 17 over your mouth. After a disaster, some people may feel sad, scared, or 18 . It is normal to have such feelings. You should 19 yourself to feel them and talk to your parents or friends. If the feelings don't go away, you can turn to a 20 for help. （ ）11．A．can B．must C．should D．need （ ）12．A．activities B．accidents C．illnesses D．habits （ ）13．A．world B．global C．earth D．sun （ ）14．A．protect B．prevent C．prepare D．provide （ ）15．A．put B．take C．hold D．keep （ ）16．A．safe B．dangerous C．high D．low （ ）17．A．coat B．towel C．blanket D．bag （ ）18．A．excited B．happy C．helpless D．angry （ ）19．A．allow B．avoid C．stop D．forget （ ）20．A．teacher B．doctor C．parent D．friend 【答案】 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．A 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇关于自然灾害的科普说明文，指出了自然灾害的危害性及其与人类活动的关联，介绍了地震和森林火灾发生时的自我保护方法并指出灾后心理调适，强调接纳负面情绪、与他人倾诉，必要时寻求专业帮助等心理应对策略。 11．句意：它们可能危害环境，摧毁房屋，甚至造成死亡。 根据语境，这里表示自然灾害能够造成的后果，用can表示可能性或能力。must必须，should应该，need需要，均不符合。 12．句意：但你知道人类活动也能引发自然灾害吗？ 下文举例燃烧煤炭，属于人类活动。activities活动，accidents事故，illnesses疾病，habits习惯，只有activities符合。 13．句意：例如，燃烧煤炭会导致全球变暖。 全球变暖是固定表达global warming。world、earth、sun均不构成固定搭配。 14．句意：当灾难发生时，我们需要知道如何保护自己。 下文介绍安全提示，即自我保护方法。protect保护，prevent预防，prepare准备，provide提供，根据语境要选protect。 15．句意：如果你在室内，躲在桌子下并抓住桌腿。 hold on to是固定短语，意为“抓住”。put on穿上，take on承担，keep on继续，均不符合。 16．句意：立即拨打119并找到一个安全的地方。 森林火灾时应寻找安全处所，safe安全的。dangerous危险的，high高的，low低的，不合逻辑。 17．句意：你也可以用湿毛巾捂住嘴来保护自己。 根据常识和上文提示，用湿毛巾。towel毛巾，coat外套，blanket毯子，bag包，只有towel合适。 18．句意：灾后一些人可能感到悲伤、害怕或无助。 helpless无助的，符合负面情绪。excited兴奋，happy开心，angry生气，均不贴合语境。 19．句意：你应该允许自己感受这些情绪，并与父母或朋友交谈。 allow允许，avoid避免，stop停止，forget忘记，根据上下文应选allow，其他词不符合逻辑。 20．句意：如果情绪不消退，你可以向医生求助。 前文已提及可与父母朋友谈，若无效则寻求专业帮助，doctor医生（含心理医生）最合适。teacher老师，parent父母，friend朋友，均不如doctor全面。 二、 阅读理解 (共三节，满分50分) 第1节 阅读下面语篇，选出最佳选项。 （共15小题，满分30分） （A） I’m a little squirrel named Coco. I live in a quiet forest with my family. We have warm nests and enough food every day. Life was happy and quiet—until a dry month came. There was no rain for many days. The trees and grass became very dry. One afternoon, I saw a fire start at the foot of the hill. “Fire! Fire!” I shouted loudly. My dad carried my little brother. My mom helped my grandma. All the small animals ran to the river. A little rabbit was too slow and was very afraid. I ran back and pulled it to a safe place with my teeth. At last, the firemen came and put out the fire. Our home was not completely gone. We learned that we must be careful with fire in the dry season. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （ ）21．What was Coco’s life like before the dry month? A．Busy. B．Happy. C．Dangerous. D．Hard. （ ）22．What disaster happened in the forest? A．Flood. B．Earthquake. C．Fire. D．Snowstorm. （ ）23．Who did Coco save in the fire? A．Her dad. B．Her grandma. C．A little rabbit. D．Her brother. （ ）24．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．How the fire started. B．How animals ran to safety. C．Why the fire was big. D．What the firemen did. （ ）25．Put the sentences in the right order. ① The firemen put out the fire. ② A fire started in the forest. ③ Coco lived a happy life. ④ Coco saved a little rabbit. A．③②④① B．③①②④ C．②③④① D．②④③① 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．C 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文以小松鼠Coco的视角，讲述了森林在干旱季节发生火灾以及动物们逃生自救的故事。 21．第一段明确指出：“Life was happy and quiet—until a dry month came”，说明在干旱月份到来之前，Coco的生活是快乐的。 22．第二段描述了火灾的发生：“I saw a fire start at the foot of the hill”，说明森林发生了火灾。 23．第三段明确指出：“A little rabbit was too slow and was very afraid. I ran back and pulled it to a safe place”，说明Coco救了一只小兔子。 24．第三段主要描述了火灾发生后，各种小动物都往河边跑，一只小兔子很慢很害怕，Coco跑回去用牙齿把它拉到安全的地方，即主要讲了动物们如何跑到安全的地方。 25．根据文章内容，第一段讲Coco快乐的生活，对应③；第二段讲森林里起火，对应②；第三段讲Coco救小兔子，对应④；第四段讲消防员扑灭火灾，对应①，所以顺序是③②④①。 （B） Hurricanes are strong tropical storms. They have very strong wind and heavy rain. Hurricanes usually happen in the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean. They can hit the coastal areas of many countries and bring great harm. Last week, a terrible hurricane swept through Cuba and then hit the southern United States. In Cuba, many houses were damaged and some trees were blown down. Luckily, most people were safe and sound. But in Florida, the situation was much worse. The hurricane nearly broke many houses into pieces. Some people got hurt and became homeless. Michael’s uncle lives on the western coast of Florida. His left leg got hurt and bled badly in the hurricane, and his house was almost destroyed. Natural disasters like hurricanes are becoming worse and worse because of climate change. Many scientists say that we need to protect the environment to reduce the number of natural disasters. We should plant more trees, save water and reduce pollution. Besides, we must learn how to protect ourselves during natural disasters. The more we know about safety tips, the better we can protect ourselves and our families. （ ）26．Hurricanes usually happen in ________. A． the Arctic Ocean B．the Indian Ocean C．the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean D．the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean （ ）27．The hurricane hit ________ after it swept through Cuba. A．the southern United States B．the northern United States C．the western coast of Canada D．the eastern coast of Mexico （ ）28．What happened to Michael’s uncle in the hurricane? A．He lost his life. B．His left leg got hurt and bled badly. C．He moved to another city. D．His house became bigger. （ ）29．Why are natural disasters becoming worse and worse? A． Because people don’t follow the safety tips. B．Because of climate change. C．Because there are too many people in the world. D．Because the earth is getting older. （ ）30．What can we do to reduce the number of natural disasters? A． Cut down more trees. B．Waste more water. C．Protect the environment and reduce pollution. D．Build more houses on the coastal areas. 【答案】26．C 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了飓风的特征、发生区域，通过上周袭击古巴和美国的飓风实例说明了其危害，并指出气候变化导致自然灾害加剧，呼吁人们保护环境并学习防灾知识。 26．文中第一段明确提到“Hurricanes usually happen in the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean”，说明飓风通常发生在大西洋和东太平洋地区。 27．文中第二段开头提到“Last week, a terrible hurricane swept through Cuba and then hit the southern United States”，说明飓风在席卷古巴后袭击了美国南部。 28．文中第二段提到“Michael’s uncle lives on the western coast of Florida. His left leg got hurt and bled badly in the hurricane”，说明迈克尔的叔叔左腿受伤并严重流血。 29．文中第三段明确提到“Natural disasters like hurricanes are becoming worse and worse because of climate change”，说明自然灾害变得越来越严重是因为气候变化。 30．文章第三段提到“we need to protect the environment to reduce the number of natural disasters. We should plant more trees, save water and reduce pollution”，由此可知我们可以通过保护环境和减少污染来减少自然灾害的发生。 C Floods are one of the most common natural disasters in the world. They usually happen because of heavy rain for a long time. Big floods can bring great harm to people. In big floods, many people lose their lives and homes. Floods also harm animals and destroy the living environment. After floods, harmful insects may spread deadly diseases among people and animals, which makes the situation even worse. But the effects of floods are not always bad. Sometimes, floods can fill up underground waterways. They can also lead water to dry lands, wells and springs. This is good for the plants and animals in those dry areas. It can also help farmers grow crops better in the next season. To keep safe from floods, we should prepare well before they come. We can move our valuable things to high places. We should also prepare enough food, water and emergency things. When a flood comes, we need to move to high ground at once and stay away from low-lying areas. （ ）31．Floods usually happen because of ________. A．strong wind B．heavy rain for a long time C．sudden shaking of the earth D．high temperature （ ）32．What is the bad effect of floods? A．They fill up underground waterways. B．They lead water to dry lands. C．They spread deadly diseases. D．They help farmers grow crops. （ ）33．The underlined word “low-lying” means ________ in Chinese. A．低洼的 B．高大的 C．偏远的 D．繁华的 （ ）34．What should we do to keep safe from floods? A． Keep our valuable things in low places. B．Stay in low-lying areas when floods come. C．Prepare enough food and water before floods come. D．Go out to save our things when floods come. （ ）35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Floods are the most dangerous natural disaster. B．Floods only bring bad effects to people and the environment. C．Floods can help the plants in dry areas get water. D．We don’t need to prepare anything for floods. 【答案】31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了洪水发生的原因、带来的影响以及应对洪水保持安全的措施。 31．文章第一段第二句说明“They usually happen because of heavy rain for a long time.”，因此洪水通常是由于长时间的大雨引起的。 32．文章第二段提到洪水之后，“harmful insects may spread deadly diseases among people and animals”，这是洪水带来的负面影响之一。 33．文章最后一段指出洪水来临时需要“move to high ground”并“stay away from low-lying areas”，结合上下文可知“low-lying”意为“低洼的”。 34．文章最后一段明确说明“We should also prepare enough food, water and emergency things.”，这是洪水来临前应做的准备。 35．文章第三段提到洪水可以“lead water to dry lands…good for the plants and animals in those dry areas”，因此洪水能帮助干旱地区的植物获得水源。 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Natural disasters are very common around the world. 36 They can bring us a lot of trouble and even take people’s lives. Floods are one of the most common natural disasters. 37 They run much faster than usual and take away everything in its way. After a heavy rain, the river may rise quickly and the town will be in danger. Typhoons usually come with strong wind and heavy rain. 38 People near the sea must be very careful when a typhoon comes. They need to stay inside and keep away from windows. Snowstorms are very cold. 39 Many people may get stuck in the snow and can’t move. They need to find a warm place and wait for help. It’s important for us to learn about natural disasters. 40 We can also help each other when a disaster comes. A．They hit the things near the sea harder. B．They happen in many places every year. C．Water in a flood runs everywhere. D．Heavy snow falls and wind blows strongly. E．We should know how to protect ourselves. F．Earthquakes are very dangerous too. 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．E 【导语】本文强调了自然灾害的普遍性、危害性，以及人们了解自然灾害、学会自我保护的重要性。 36．前文提到“Natural disasters are very common around the world.”，B选项“They happen in many places every year.”进一步说明了自然灾害每年在多地发生这一情况，与前文衔接紧密。 37．此处围绕洪水展开，后文描述洪水的水流特点及危害，C选项“Water in a flood runs everywhere.”符合洪水这一主题，承接上文引出下文对洪水水流情况的描述。 38．此处讲的是台风，提到台风常伴有强风和暴雨，A选项“They hit the things near the sea harder.”与前文台风的特点相呼应，且与后文“People near the sea must be very careful when a typhoon comes.”中海边的人要小心相契合。 39．此处说的是暴风雪，D选项“Heavy snow falls and wind blows strongly.”描述了暴风雪的典型特征，与前文“Snowstorms are very cold.”共同描绘了暴风雪的景象。 40．前文提到了解自然灾害很重要，E选项“We should know how to protect ourselves.”进一步阐述了了解自然灾害的意义，即知道如何保护自己，同时后文“We can also help each other when a disaster comes.”中的“also”也表明了与E选项的递进关系。 第三节 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空或回答问题。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。 It was a terrible day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The two were on holiday in the mountains. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon when the ground started to shake. In just two minutes, everything was different! They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake! Mr and Mrs Lin tried to find some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were visitors, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. At that point, Mr Lin decided to do something. He said, “The roads are too dangerous. We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to look for food. They found some, but not enough for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided the people into five groups. He also distributed (分配) all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights. Early the next morning the groups started to go down the mountain. It was difficult, but the group members helped and cared for each other after twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. By then it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for surviving. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 41．When did the earthquake happen? 42．How many people were there in the special team? 43．What does the underlined word “theirs” refer to? 44．How many groups did Mr Lin divide these people into? 45．What do you learn from this passage? 【答案】41．In the early afternoon. 42．25. 43．Their food. 44．Five (groups). 45．The spirit of teamwork plays an important role. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了林先生夫妇在山中度假时遭遇地震，带领23名游客组成团队，在困境中互相帮助、团结协作，最终成功脱险的故事，传递了团结与希望的力量。 41．根据“They were taking a walk in the early afternoon when the ground started to shake.”可知，地震发生在下午早些时候。故填In the early afternoon. 42．根据“Mr and Mrs Lin tried to find some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people.”可知，团队总人数为林夫妇2人加上23名其他人，即2+23=25人。故填25. 43．根据“Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to look for food. They found some, but not enough for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones.”可知，“theirs”指代的是年轻人找到的食物。故填Their food. 44．根据“After that, Mr Lin divided the people into five groups.”可知，林先生将这些人分成了五组。故填Five (groups). 45．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，可从团结互助、保持希望、冷静应对困境等角度作答。故填The spirit of teamwork plays an important role. 三、 语言运用 (共两节，满分25分) 第一节 完成句子。（每空限填一词，缩写算一词） （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 46．如果你需要在黑暗的路上行走，最好带上手电筒。 If you need to walk on a dark road, you’d better bring ________ __________. 【答案】a flashlight/a torch 【详解】原句中“手电筒”是关键词。表示“手电筒”的单词是flashlight或torch，此处泛指“一个手电筒”，且flashlight或torch以辅音音素开头，因此要加不定冠词a，故填a flashlight/a torch。 47．洪水过后，有害昆虫可能会传播致命的疾病。 After the floods, harmful insects may spread ________ ________. 【答案】 deadly diseases 【详解】原句中“致命的疾病”是关键词，用形容词deadly“致命的”修饰名词disease“疾病”，其中disease泛指“疾病”时常用复数diseases。 48．洪水会夺走许多人的生命，也会伤害动物和破坏生活环境。 Floods can cause great losses of ________ and ________ animals and the living environment. 【答案】 life harm 【详解】原句中“生命”和“伤害”是关键词，“生命”为名词life；“伤害”为动词harm，与cause作并列谓语动词，位于情态动词can后，用动词原形。 49．灾难过后，有些人可能没有身体受伤，但可能会感到悲伤、害怕或无助。 After a disaster, some people may not be ________ hurt but might feel sad, scared or ________. 【答案】 physically helpless 【详解】原句中 “身体（受伤）” ， “无助”是关键词，修饰形容词hurt需要用副词，“身体上” 的副词形式是physically，因此①填physically；与sad、scared并列作feel的表语，需要用形容词，“无助的” 对应的英文是helpless，因此②填helpless。 50．我们应该学习如何在自然灾害中保护自己。 We should learn how to ________ ourselves in natural ________. 【答案】 protect disasters 【详解】原句中 “保护自己” 是关键词，表示“保护”的短语是protect oneself。“自然灾害”是关键词，其英文表达为natural disasters。本句为不定式结构，how to后接动词原形，且“自然灾害”常用复数形式disasters。 第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） Did you experience an earthquake? There was a bad earthquake in Mexico City on September 19th, 1985. All of 51 sudden, a lot of buildings fell down, and hundreds of people were in danger. Many people 52 (sleep) when the earthquake happened. After the earthquake, 40% of Mexico City was without electricity (电). It was reported that about 230 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 53 (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered 54 (help). They took risks bringing clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. Some doctors and nurses began to give people medicine and tried their best to help people on crowded streets. The aftershock (余震) happened 55 the evening of September 20th. It was the 56 (strong) aftershock in Mexico. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect 57 (we), because it is not a game. 58 (two), we should get ready for everything in time,” said Adelina, a teacher of the Morelos Middle School. Although all the buildings in the school were broken, 59 (thankful), everyone was safe. Because both the students 60 the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 【答案】 51．a 52．were sleeping 53．volunteers 54．to help 55．on 56．strongest 57．ourselves 58．Second 59．thankfully 60．and 【导语】本文介绍了墨西哥城发生的一次严重地震，地震发生后，很多志愿者和医护人员参与救援，同时也说明了学习自救技能的重要性。 51．句意：突然之间，许多建筑倒塌，数百人处于危险之中。all of a sudden是固定短语，意为“突然”。 52．句意：地震发生时，许多人正在睡觉。根据when the earthquake happened可知，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构为were/was doing；主语Many people为复数，故填were sleeping。 53．句意：墨西哥城的许多人都成为志愿者去帮助别人。volunteer为可数名词，根据Lots of people可知应用复数形式。故填volunteers。 54．句意：其他地区的一些人也主动提供帮助。offer to do sth表示“主动提出做某事”，为固定用法，句中表示“主动提出帮助别人”，因此用动词不定式to help作宾语。 55．句意：余震发生在9月20日的晚上。表示具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上时，介词要用on。 56．句意：这是墨西哥最强的一次余震。根据in Mexico可知表示范围比较，应用最高级。故填strongest。 57．句意：首先，我们应该保护我们自己，因为这不是游戏。protect oneself表示“保护自己”，主语为we，因此用反身代词ourselves。 58．句意：第二，我们应该及时为一切做好准备。根据First可知此处表示顺序“第二”，句首字母要大写。故填Second。 59．句意：虽然学校所有的建筑都被破坏了，但幸运的是，每个人都是安全的。修饰整个句子应用副词thankfully，表示“幸运地”。 60．句意：因为学生和老师都学过一些救生技能，他们很快跑出了建筑物。both...and...为固定搭配，表示“……和……都”。 四、 写作 (满分25分) 请你根据以下提示，写一篇关于在自然灾害中自救经历的短文。 要求： 1. 短文应包含标题。 2. 开头介绍自然灾害发生的时间、地点和情况。 3. 中间部分按时间顺序描述自己在灾害中的经历和做法（如：看到征兆、采取行动、等待救援等）。 4. 结尾总结经历和感受。 5. 正确运用所学词汇和句型。 参考词汇： - rainstorm / typhoon / flood / snowstorm - dark clouds / thunder / wind - stay away from - remember learning about - decide to do - pour down - finally / luckily - with fear ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 My Self-rescue Experience in a Rainstorm Last summer, a sudden rainstorm hit my hometown. When I was walking home from school, dark clouds gathered quickly, and the wind blew strongly. Thunder came soon, and I knew a heavy rain was coming. I remembered the safety knowledge I learned at school. I decided to stay away from tall trees and power lines, and took shelter in a nearby shop. Soon, the rain poured down heavily. I stayed calm, waited inside, and felt a little scared with fear. Luckily, the rainstorm stopped after an hour. I went home safely. This experience taught me that it’s important to learn safety knowledge. It also made me braver to face natural disasters. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体： 记叙文，以一般过去时为主，讲述自然灾害中的自救经历。 明确要点： 1. 短文需包含标题。 2. 开头：介绍灾害发生的时间、地点、情况。 3.中间：按时间顺序描述经历与做法（征兆、行动、等待救援等）。 4. 结尾：总结经历与感受。 确定人称： 第一人称（I/my）。 注意事项： 正确运用参考词汇和所学句型，内容完整、逻辑清晰、语句通顺。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段： 点明标题，介绍灾害发生的时间、地点、天气征兆与突发情况。 主体段：按时间顺序，详细描述自己看到的征兆、采取的自救行动、等待救援的过程。 结尾段：总结这次经历，分享感悟与收获，升华主题。 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一： 开头（时间、地点、情况） 核心表达：Last summer, a sudden rainstorm hit my hometown. Dark clouds gathered quickly, and the wind blew strongly. 要点二： 中间（经历与做法） 征兆：I noticed the dark clouds and thunder, and remembered the safety knowledge I learned at school. 行动：I decided to stay away from windows and tall buildings, and took shelter in a safe room at home. 过程：The rain poured down heavily. I stayed calm, kept away from power lines, and waited for help with fear. 要点三： 结尾（总结与感受） 核心表达：Finally, the rainstorm stopped, and I was safe. This experience taught me the importance of safety knowledge. It made me braver to face dangers. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新仁爱版八下 Unit 9 Forces of Nature 单元同步检测卷 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：120分） 班级： 姓名： 题号 总分 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 得分 一、完形填空 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节 选词填空。阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） do   safe    break   danger  when   care   help   child   run   flood A big 1 happened in our town last summer. It rained heavily for three days. Many houses were in water. Some people were in 2 . Many volunteers (志愿者) came to 3 them. They 4 to move people to safe places. Some volunteers 5 their legs or arms, but they didn’t stop. 6 the flood is coming, we must stay calm. We should go to high places and keep 7 . We can’t 8 dangerous things. For 9 , we should learn some safety rules. If we are 10 and know what to do, we can keep safe in floods. 第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） Natural disasters can be very dangerous. They 11 harm the environment, break down houses, and even cause deaths. But do you know that human 12 can also bring about natural disasters? For example, the burning of coal can lead to 13 warming. This can cause longer and more serious heatwaves and rainstorms. When a disaster happens, we need to know how to 14 ourselves. Here are some safety tips for different disasters. During an earthquake, if you are indoors, hide under a desk and 15 on to its legs. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and trees. During a forest fire, call 119 right away and find a 16 place. You can also protect yourself with a wet 17 over your mouth. After a disaster, some people may feel sad, scared, or 18 . It is normal to have such feelings. You should 19 yourself to feel them and talk to your parents or friends. If the feelings don't go away, you can turn to a 20 for help. （ ）11．A．can B．must C．should D．need （ ）12．A．activities B．accidents C．illnesses D．habits （ ）13．A．world B．global C．earth D．sun （ ）14．A．protect B．prevent C．prepare D．provide （ ）15．A．put B．take C．hold D．keep （ ）16．A．safe B．dangerous C．high D．low （ ）17．A．coat B．towel C．blanket D．bag （ ）18．A．excited B．happy C．helpless D．angry （ ）19．A．allow B．avoid C．stop D．forget （ ）20．A．teacher B．doctor C．parent D．friend 二、 阅读理解 (共三节，满分50分) 第1节 阅读下面语篇，选出最佳选项。 （共15小题，满分30分） （A） I’m a little squirrel named Coco. I live in a quiet forest with my family. We have warm nests and enough food every day. Life was happy and quiet—until a dry month came. There was no rain for many days. The trees and grass became very dry. One afternoon, I saw a fire start at the foot of the hill. “Fire! Fire!” I shouted loudly. My dad carried my little brother. My mom helped my grandma. All the small animals ran to the river. A little rabbit was too slow and was very afraid. I ran back and pulled it to a safe place with my teeth. At last, the firemen came and put out the fire. Our home was not completely gone. We learned that we must be careful with fire in the dry season. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 （ ）21．What was Coco’s life like before the dry month? A．Busy. B．Happy. C．Dangerous. D．Hard. （ ）22．What disaster happened in the forest? A．Flood. B．Earthquake. C．Fire. D．Snowstorm. （ ）23．Who did Coco save in the fire? A．Her dad. B．Her grandma. C．A little rabbit. D．Her brother. （ ）24．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．How the fire started. B．How animals ran to safety. C．Why the fire was big. D．What the firemen did. （ ）25．Put the sentences in the right order. ① The firemen put out the fire. ② A fire started in the forest. ③ Coco lived a happy life. ④ Coco saved a little rabbit. A．③②④① B．③①②④ C．②③④① D．②④③① （B） Hurricanes are strong tropical storms. They have very strong wind and heavy rain. Hurricanes usually happen in the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean. They can hit the coastal areas of many countries and bring great harm. Last week, a terrible hurricane swept through Cuba and then hit the southern United States. In Cuba, many houses were damaged and some trees were blown down. Luckily, most people were safe and sound. But in Florida, the situation was much worse. The hurricane nearly broke many houses into pieces. Some people got hurt and became homeless. Michael’s uncle lives on the western coast of Florida. His left leg got hurt and bled badly in the hurricane, and his house was almost destroyed. Natural disasters like hurricanes are becoming worse and worse because of climate change. Many scientists say that we need to protect the environment to reduce the number of natural disasters. We should plant more trees, save water and reduce pollution. Besides, we must learn how to protect ourselves during natural disasters. The more we know about safety tips, the better we can protect ourselves and our families. （ ）26．Hurricanes usually happen in ________. A． the Arctic Ocean B．the Indian Ocean C．the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific Ocean D．the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean （ ）27．The hurricane hit ________ after it swept through Cuba. A．the southern United States B．the northern United States C．the western coast of Canada D．the eastern coast of Mexico （ ）28．What happened to Michael’s uncle in the hurricane? A．He lost his life. B．His left leg got hurt and bled badly. C．He moved to another city. D．His house became bigger. （ ）29．Why are natural disasters becoming worse and worse? A． Because people don’t follow the safety tips. B．Because of climate change. C．Because there are too many people in the world. D．Because the earth is getting older. （ ）30．What can we do to reduce the number of natural disasters? A． Cut down more trees. B．Waste more water. C．Protect the environment and reduce pollution. D．Build more houses on the coastal areas. C Floods are one of the most common natural disasters in the world. They usually happen because of heavy rain for a long time. Big floods can bring great harm to people. In big floods, many people lose their lives and homes. Floods also harm animals and destroy the living environment. After floods, harmful insects may spread deadly diseases among people and animals, which makes the situation even worse. But the effects of floods are not always bad. Sometimes, floods can fill up underground waterways. They can also lead water to dry lands, wells and springs. This is good for the plants and animals in those dry areas. It can also help farmers grow crops better in the next season. To keep safe from floods, we should prepare well before they come. We can move our valuable things to high places. We should also prepare enough food, water and emergency things. When a flood comes, we need to move to high ground at once and stay away from low-lying areas. （ ）31．Floods usually happen because of ________. A．strong wind B．heavy rain for a long time C．sudden shaking of the earth D．high temperature （ ）32．What is the bad effect of floods? A．They fill up underground waterways. B．They lead water to dry lands. C．They spread deadly diseases. D．They help farmers grow crops. （ ）33．The underlined word “low-lying” means ________ in Chinese. A．低洼的 B．高大的 C．偏远的 D．繁华的 （ ）34．What should we do to keep safe from floods? A． Keep our valuable things in low places. B．Stay in low-lying areas when floods come. C．Prepare enough food and water before floods come. D．Go out to save our things when floods come. （ ）35．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Floods are the most dangerous natural disaster. B．Floods only bring bad effects to people and the environment. C．Floods can help the plants in dry areas get water. D．We don’t need to prepare anything for floods. 第二节 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） Natural disasters are very common around the world. 36 They can bring us a lot of trouble and even take people’s lives. Floods are one of the most common natural disasters. 37 They run much faster than usual and take away everything in its way. After a heavy rain, the river may rise quickly and the town will be in danger. Typhoons usually come with strong wind and heavy rain. 38 People near the sea must be very careful when a typhoon comes. They need to stay inside and keep away from windows. Snowstorms are very cold. 39 Many people may get stuck in the snow and can’t move. They need to find a warm place and wait for help. It’s important for us to learn about natural disasters. 40 We can also help each other when a disaster comes. A．They hit the things near the sea harder. B．They happen in many places every year. C．Water in a flood runs everywhere. D．Heavy snow falls and wind blows strongly. E．We should know how to protect ourselves. F．Earthquakes are very dangerous too. 第三节 阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空或回答问题。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，按要求回答问题。 It was a terrible day for Mr and Mrs Lin. The two were on holiday in the mountains. They were taking a walk in the early afternoon when the ground started to shake. In just two minutes, everything was different! They were in the middle of a very strong earthquake! Mr and Mrs Lin tried to find some other people first. One by one, they found 23 other people. Many were visitors, young and old. Soon it was dark and it started to rain heavily. Some cried and some lost hope. At that point, Mr Lin decided to do something. He said, “The roads are too dangerous. We can’t go down the mountain until tomorrow. We must stay here tonight.” Then Mr Lin and a few young men went back to look for food. They found some, but not enough for everyone. The young people gave theirs to the older ones. After that, Mr Lin divided the people into five groups. He also distributed (分配) all the mobile phones and made sure each group had one. They used them as flashlights. Early the next morning the groups started to go down the mountain. It was difficult, but the group members helped and cared for each other after twelve hours’ walking, they finally got out safely. By then it was 30 hours after the earthquake. Everyone was tired but they felt lucky because they were part of a special team. This special team gave them hope for surviving. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 41．When did the earthquake happen? 42．How many people were there in the special team? 43．What does the underlined word “theirs” refer to? 44．How many groups did Mr Lin divide these people into? 45．What do you learn from this passage? 三、 语言运用 (共两节，满分25分) 第一节 完成句子。（每空限填一词，缩写算一词） （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 46．如果你需要在黑暗的路上行走，最好带上手电筒。 If you need to walk on a dark road, you’d better bring ________ __________. 47．洪水过后，有害昆虫可能会传播致命的疾病。 After the floods, harmful insects may spread ________ ________. 48．洪水会夺走许多人的生命，也会伤害动物和破坏生活环境。 Floods can cause great losses of ________ and ________ animals and the living environment. 49．灾难过后，有些人可能没有身体受伤，但可能会感到悲伤、害怕或无助。 After a disaster, some people may not be ________ hurt but might feel sad, scared or ________. 50．我们应该学习如何在自然灾害中保护自己。 We should learn how to ________ ourselves in natural ________. 第二节 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） Did you experience an earthquake? There was a bad earthquake in Mexico City on September 19th, 1985. All of 51 sudden, a lot of buildings fell down, and hundreds of people were in danger. Many people 52 (sleep) when the earthquake happened. After the earthquake, 40% of Mexico City was without electricity (电). It was reported that about 230 people died in the earthquake. Lots of people in Mexico City became 53 (volunteer) to help others. Some people in other areas also offered 54 (help). They took risks bringing clean water, enough clothes and food to Mexico City. Some doctors and nurses began to give people medicine and tried their best to help people on crowded streets. The aftershock (余震) happened 55 the evening of September 20th. It was the 56 (strong) aftershock in Mexico. “I told my students two things. First, we should protect 57 (we), because it is not a game. 58 (two), we should get ready for everything in time,” said Adelina, a teacher of the Morelos Middle School. Although all the buildings in the school were broken, 59 (thankful), everyone was safe. Because both the students 60 the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 四、 写作 (满分25分) 请你根据以下提示，写一篇关于在自然灾害中自救经历的短文。 要求： 1. 短文应包含标题。 2. 开头介绍自然灾害发生的时间、地点和情况。 3. 中间部分按时间顺序描述自己在灾害中的经历和做法（如：看到征兆、采取行动、等待救援等）。 4. 结尾总结经历和感受。 5. 正确运用所学词汇和句型。 参考词汇： - rainstorm / typhoon / flood / snowstorm - dark clouds / thunder / wind - stay away from - remember learning about - decide to do - pour down - finally / luckily - with fear ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $