八下 Unit9 “拓展”板块 分层作业【趣味课堂】英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

一听下面一段对话，回答小题读两遍。What a beautiful . blue sweater. Yes, do you want . to try this on? Okay, IT looks really nice. How much is IT? It's thirty you on for one, and fifty you on for two. Okay, i'll take . two. What a beautiful . blue sweater. Yes, do you want to try . this on? Okay, IT looks really nice. How much is IT? It's thirty you on for one, and fifty you on for two. Okay, i'll take . two. 2、听下面一段对话，回答小题读两遍。Jack, what did you learn about natural disasters? We . learned about earthquakes, floods and how to stay safe. Have you ever experienced one? Yes. there was a small earthquake last year. I hit under the table. That sounds scary. What should we do in a flood? We should . go to higher ground and not walk in the water. Thanks for telling me. jack. What did . you learn about natural disasters? We learned about earthquakes, floods and how . to stay safe. Have you ever experienced one? Yes, there was a small earthquake last year. I hit under the table. That sounds scary. What should we do in a flood? We should go to higher ground and not . walk in the water. Thanks for telling me. 3、听短文，写出下面表格中所缺的单词，每空只填一词，短文读两遍。Good evening. This is local news. A heavy rainstorm hit the small town of Green zo last night, bringing strong winds and pouring rain that lasted for over six hours. Many people in the town felt sad and scared as they watched the rising water. They stayed indoors and kept away from windows to stay safe during the storm. Some families even move to higher floors in their homes. Experts from the disaster prevention centre reminds us to always prepare a first aid kit at home with food, water and a flashlight. Most importantly, we must learn how to protect ourselves in natural disasters through regular safety training. Stay safe and have a good night. Good evening. This is local news. A heavy rain storm hit the small town of Green the last night, bringing strong winds and pouring rain that lasted for over six hours. Many people in the town felt sad and scared as they watched the rising water. They stayed indoors and kept away from windows to stay safe during the storm. Some families even move to higher floors in their homes. Experts from the disaster prevention centre reminds us to always prepare a first aid kit at home with food, water and a flashlight. Most importantly, we must learn how to protect ourselves in natural disasters through regular safety training. Stay safe and have a good night. 新仁爱版八下 Unit 9 Forces of Nature “拓展”板块 分层作业 英语 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 一、听力选择 1) 听下面一段对话，回答小题。（读两遍） ( ) 1．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a restaurant. B．In a bookstore. C．In a shop. ( ) 2．How much should the man pay? A．30 yuan. B．40 yuan. C．50 yuan. 2) 听下面一段对话，回答小题。（读两遍） ( ) 3．What disasters did Jack learn about? A．Earthquakes and floods. B．Storms and fires. C．Snowstorms and tsunamis. ( ) 4．Where did Jack hide during the earthquake? A．Under the table. B．Under the bed. C．Under the sofa. ( ) 5．What should we do in a flood? A．Stay at home. B．Go to higher ground. C．Drive a car away. 二、听力填空 3) 听短文。写出下面表格中所缺的单词， 每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。 A radio program about disaster preparation Disaster Information Details Disaster Type A heavy 6 People’s Feelings 7 and scared Sate Action Stayed indoors and keep ways from 8 Emergency Item A first-aid kit with food, water and 9 Learning Goal Learn how to protect ourselves through 10 training 二、完成句子。（每空一词） 1．炎热天气里，别忘了多喝水。 Don’t forget to ________ ________ ________ ________ in hot weather. 2．如果你在户外工作，要更频繁地休息。 If you work outdoors, you should ________ ________ more often. 3．热浪期间，你应该待在凉爽的地方。 You should ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ during the heatwave. 4．雷暴天气，你应该远离大树。 You should ________ ________ ________ big trees in a thunderstorm. 5．我决定等雨停。 I __________ to __________ until the rain stopped. 6．大约半小时后，雨似乎变小了，但外面仍然很黑。 After about half an hour, the rain seemed to become __________, but it was still quite __________ outside. 7．我刚进商店，雨就开始倾盆而下。 The rain started __________ down right after I got __________. 8．一场暴雨就要来了！ A rainstorm was __________! 9．前方传来巨大的雷声，风开始越刮越大。 There was a huge ________ of thunder ________, and the wind began to blow harder and ________. 10．我们远离窗户，躲在坚固的桌子下面。 We ________ ________ from the windows and ________ ________ a strong desk. 3、 单项选择。 ( ) 1．—________ do you protect yourself from a thunderstorm? —I stay indoors and don’t use mobile phones. A．What B．When C．How D．Where ( ) 2．The temperature will reach 40°C tomorrow. It will be the ________ day of the year. A．hot B．hotter C．hottest D．more hot ( ) 3．Don’t forget ________ the window when you leave the room. It’s windy outside. A．close B．to close C．closing D．closed ( ) 4．—________ bad weather it is! —We can’t go hiking. A．How B．How a C．What D．What a ( ) 5．You should ________ in a cool place during the hot summer. A．stay B．to stay C．staying D．stayed ( ) 6．You should limit your outdoor activities ________ the hottest time of the day. A．on B．in C．at D．for ( ) 7．After the rain stopped, the sky ________ and the sun came out. A．cleared up B．poured down C．blew harder D．gathered ( ) 8．When the storm came, I remembered ________ about it in geography class. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned ( ) 9．I was walking home ________ it suddenly started to rain heavily. A．when B．while C．as D．after 10．Last week, a strong ________ hit our city and many trees fell down. A．rainstorm B．heatwave C．heavy fog D．sandstorm 拓展提升 一、完形填空。 Frank was a city child who knew little about nature. His mum read him a story about a boy camping in a dark forest with few people. It sounded 1 . One day Frank’s uncle came to his home. “Frank,” said Uncle Moses, “Would you like to go camping with me this Saturday?” Thinking of the 2 , Frank didn’t want to go, but Uncle Moses kept asking. Frank decided to give it a try. The next day at school, Frank asked his friend Mary about her camping 3 . “We went to a big place. We rented a camper there. It had bathrooms and hot showers. It was 4 !” said Mary. But Uncle Moses did not take Frank to the place as he 5 that Saturday. They arrived at a forest with a lot of trees, rocks and dead leaves. “It’s 6 here,” said Uncle Moses. “We can see the stars and enjoy nature.” “Okay,” said Frank, “Where is the tent?” “Oh, there is no tent,” smiled Uncle Moses. “I’m going to 7 you how to build a shelter.” About half an hour later, Uncle Moses 8 building the shelter with Frank. “Try it out while I make our campfire,” Uncle Moses said to Frank. So Frank got into the shelter. “Wow, it was 9 here with the campfire,” he said to himself. Later, when Uncle Moses called Frank for dinner, he didn’t 10 . He had fallen asleep, tired from the new and exciting experience of building a shelter. This camping trip taught Frank a lot about nature and how to survive in it. ( ) 1．A．interesting B．important C．confident D．dangerous ( ) 2．A．poster B．dream C．story D．class ( ) 3．A．experience B．education C．exhibition D．example ( ) 4．A．common B．fantastic C．terrible D．simple ( ) 5．A．happened B．accepted C．designed D．expected ( ) 6．A．possible B．Boring C．wonderful D．similar ( ) 7．A．teach B．allow C．invite D．promise ( ) 8．A．continued B．practised C．suggested D．finished ( ) 9．A．wet B．warm C．cold D．dark ( ) 10．A．attend B．agree C．answer D．argue 2、 阅读理解 （A） Grow with Learning! Li Ming, 14 I was not good at math before. I always got low marks and thought I was just not smart enough. But my teacher said, “You fail because you stop trying.” Those words changed me. I started doing more exercises and asked my classmates for help. Little by little, math became easier. I learned that I CAN do hard things if I keep trying.” Chen Jie, 13 I loved English songs, but speaking in class made me nervous. One day, we had to do homework in pairs. I wanted to give up, but my partner smiled and said, “Let’s practice together.” She never laughed at my mistakes. On the show day, I spoke clearly and felt proud of myself. I learned that we grow when we try new things with friends. Tony, 14 Last summer, I tried to build a model airplane. But when I finished, it couldn’t fly. I felt upset and lost confidence. “Every mistake teaches you something. Try again,” Dad encouraged. Although the second time still failed, I kept trying. On the fifth try, my plane finally flew! It wasn’t perfect, but watching it in the air made me so happy. I learned that failure is a part of learning. 根据材料内容选择正确答案。 ( ) 1．Who helped Li Ming with math? A．His classmates. B．His teacher. C．His parents. D．His friends. ( ) 2．Why did Chen Jie feel nervous in English class? A．She didn’t know many English words. B．She was afraid to speak in class. C．Her teacher was very strict. D．She forgot to do her homework. ( ) 3．In Tony’s story, the word “upset” most probably means _________. A．angry B．sad C．tired D．worried ( ) 4．What is the main idea of Tony’s story? A．Building models is an interesting hobby. B．Fathers always give the best advice. C．Failure can help us learn and grow. D．Practice makes perfect in everything. ( ) 5．What can we learn from their stories? A．School life is full of challenges. B．Learning English and math is easy. C．Hard work brings good marks. D．Don’t give up when facing difficulties. （B） A: Hi, Tom! It’s so hot today! B: Yeah, the temperature is 38°C． I can’t stand it. A: Did you watch the weather report last night? B: Yes. It said we are having a heatwave. Tomorrow will be even hotter, up to 41°C． A: Oh no! That’s terrible. How can we protect ourselves? B: The report gave some tips. First, stay indoors as much as possible, especially in air-conditioned places. A: I see. What about drinking? B: Drink lots of water. Avoid sugary drinks. A: Should we still do outdoor sports? B: It’s better to limit outdoor activities. If you must go out, do it in the early morning or evening. A: What if we have to work outside? B: Then take breaks often and stop if you feel dizzy. A: Thanks for the advice. I’ll be careful. B: You’re welcome. Stay safe! ( ) 6．What is the weather like today? A．Rainy. B．Hot. C．Cold. D．Windy. ( ) 7．What will the temperature be tomorrow? A．38°C． B．40°C． C．41°C． D．42°C． ( ) 8．According to the tips, what should we drink? A．Sugary drinks. B．Lots of water. C．Coffee. D．Juice. ( ) 9．When is it better to do outdoor activities? A．At noon. B．In the early morning or evening. C．Anytime. D．In the afternoon. ( ) 10．What should you do if you feel dizzy while working outside? A．Keep working. B．Take a break and stop. C．Drink coffee. D．Go to the hospital immediately. （C） A Terrible Earthquake My name is Li Hua. I will never forget the day when an earthquake hit my city. It was a quiet afternoon. I was doing my homework in my room when suddenly the floor began to shake. The desk moved and the books fell off the shelf. I heard my mother shouting, “It’s an earthquake! Get under the table!” I quickly got under the table and held its legs. I remembered learning about earthquakes in school. Our teacher told us to stay calm and find a safe place. The shaking lasted for about 30 seconds. Then everything stopped. I came out from under the table and ran to my mother. She was safe. We went outside and saw many people in the street. Some buildings had cracks on the walls. Luckily, no one in our neighborhood was hurt. After that day, I realized how important it is to learn about natural disasters. We never know when danger will come. But if we stay calm and remember what we learn, we can protect ourselves. ( ) 11．What was Li Hua doing when the earthquake happened? A．He was watching TV. B．He was doing his homework. C．He was reading a book. D．He was playing outside. ( ) 12．What did Li Hua’s mother shout? A．“Run outside quickly!” B．“Get under the table!” C．“Stay where you are!” D．“Don't move!” ( ) 13．How long did the shaking last? A． About 20 seconds. B．About 30 seconds. C．About a minute. D．About two minutes. ( ) 14．What did Li Hua see when he went outside? A．Many buildings fell down. B．Many people were hurt. C．Some buildings had cracks. D．The street was flooded. ( ) 15．What did Li Hua learn from this experience? A． Earthquakes are very scary. B．We should run fast during an earthquake. C．Learning about disasters can help us stay safe. D．We should stay inside during a disaster. 三、任务型阅读 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 A Blind Man and His “Eyes” John Dancer always travelled together with Charlie. One night John and Charlie arrived at a hotel. “Good evening, sir,” said the receptionist (接待员) when John arrived at the hotel. Then he saw Charlie. “Sir, you’re welcome to stay, but we don’t allow pets here. Sorry!” he explained. “Charlie isn’t a pet,” said John. “He’s my eyes. I’m blind, and it’s hard for me to get around by myself. I need him to show me where to go.” The receptionist said sorry to John and led John and Charlie to their room. It was late. John was very tired after a long day. He went to bed and soon fell asleep (睡着). Charlie was sleeping beside the bed. Suddenly, Charlie started barking (犬吠). John woke up and smelt smoke. A fire! Smoke started to come in from under the door. John knew they couldn’t get out that way now. Their room was on the 8th floor, so they couldn’t climb out of the window. They had to do something to stop the smoke. With Charlie’s help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom (底部) of the door. Then he got down on the floor next to Charlie and waited. The minutes seemed like hours. Then he heard it—the sound of a fire engine (消防车). It was music to his ears. Soon, a fireman arrived and got in the room from the window. When he found John, he quickly helped him get up and tried to get him out of the building. But John would not go without his “eyes”. Finally, the fireman got both John and Charlie out of the building safely. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When and where did the story take place? 2．Why did Charlie start barking suddenly? 3．How did John stop the smoke coming into the room? 4．What does the underlined word “music” refer to? 5．What is John’s “eyes”? 四、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Sunday, I experienced a small sandstorm on 1 way to the park. I 2 (walk) along the street when the sandstorm came. 3 the sand was everywhere, I couldn’t open my eyes at all. I quickly ran to a shop and stayed there 4 (careful). The sand hit the window with much noise, and the air became 5 (dirty) than before. Many 6 (passer-by) stood with me in the small shop. We all avoided 7 (go) out in the sandstorm. After about twenty minutes, the sandstorm was over and the wind 8 (drop) down. I looked at 9 (I) dirty clothes and smiled. I left the shop 10 ten minutes and went back home. It was an unforgettable experience for me. 五、书面表达 假设你是李华，上周一场暴雨(rainstorm)袭击了你的家乡。请你写一篇短文，记录这次经历，谈谈灾害带来的影响以及你是如何保护自己的。词数约120词。写作要点: 1.时间、天气：上周三下午，乌云密布，狂风大作，暴雨倾盆。 2.灾害影响：树木倒塌，部分房屋受损，街道积水。 3.自我保护：待在室内，远离窗户，不使用电器，等安全后再出门。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新仁爱版八下 Unit 9 Forces of Nature “拓展”板块 分层作业 英语（全解全析） 班级：_________ 姓名：_________ 学号：________ 基础训练 一、听力选择 1) 听下面一段对话，回答小题。（读两遍） ( ) 1．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a restaurant. B．In a bookstore. C．In a shop. ( ) 2．How much should the man pay? A．30 yuan. B．40 yuan. C．50 yuan. 【答案】1．C 2．C 【原文】A: What a beautiful blue sweater! B: Yes. Do you want to try it on? A: OK. It looks really nice. How much is it? B: It’s thirty yuan for one and fifty yuan for two. A: OK. I’ll take two. 2) 听下面一段对话，回答小题。（读两遍） ( ) 3．What disasters did Jack learn about? A．Earthquakes and floods. B．Storms and fires. C．Snowstorms and tsunamis. ( ) 4．Where did Jack hide during the earthquake? A．Under the table. B．Under the bed. C．Under the sofa. ( ) 5．What should we do in a flood? A．Stay at home. B．Go to higher ground. C．Drive a car away. 【答案】3．A 4．A 5．B 【原文】W: Jack, what did you learn about natural disasters? M: We learned about earthquakes, floods, and how to stay safe. W: Have you ever experienced one? M: Yes, there was a small earthquake last year. I hid under the table. W: That sounds scary. What should we do in a flood? M: We should go to higher ground and not walk in the water. W: Thanks for telling me. 二、听力填空 3) 听短文。写出下面表格中所缺的单词， 每空仅填一词。短文读两遍。 A radio program about disaster preparation Disaster Information Details Disaster Type A heavy 6 People’s Feelings 7 and scared Sate Action Stayed indoors and keep ways from 8 Emergency Item A first-aid kit with food, water and 9 Learning Goal Learn how to protect ourselves through 10 training 【答案】6．rainstorm 7．sad 8．windows 9．flashlight 10．safety 【原文】Good evening. This is local news. A heavy rainstorm hit the small town of Greenville last night, bringing strong winds and pouring rain that lasted for over six hours. Many people in the town felt sad and scared as they watched the rising water. They stayed indoors and kept away from windows to stay safe during the storm. Some families even moved to higher floors in their homes. Experts from the Disaster Prevention Center remind us to always prepare a first-aid kit at home with food, water, and a flashlight. Most importantly, we must learn how to protect ourselves in natural disasters through regular safety training. Stay safe, and have a good night. 二、完成句子。（每空一词） 1．炎热天气里，别忘了多喝水。 Don’t forget to ________ ________ ________ ________ in hot weather. 【答案】 drink lots of water 【详解】原句中“多喝水”是关键词组，表示“多喝水”的短语是drink lots of water。本句为祈使句的否定形式，Don’t forget to后接动词原形。 2．如果你在户外工作，要更频繁地休息。 If you work outdoors, you should ________ ________ more often. 【答案】 take breaks 【详解】原句中“休息”是关键词，表示“休息”的短语是take breaks。本句含有情态动词should，其后应接动词原形。 3．热浪期间，你应该待在凉爽的地方。 You should ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ during the heatwave. 【答案】 stay in a cool place 【详解】原句中“待在凉爽的地方”是关键词组。表示“待在凉爽的地方”的短语是stay in a cool place，情态动词should后接动词原形。 4．雷暴天气，你应该远离大树。 You should ________ ________ ________ big trees in a thunderstorm. 【答案】 stay away from 【详解】原句中“远离”是关键词，对应的短语是stay away from，情态动词should后应跟动词原形。 5．我决定等雨停。 I __________ to __________ until the rain stopped. 【答案】 decided wait 【详解】原句中“决定”“等”是关键词，表示“决定做某事”的短语是decide to do sth.。本句中“until the rain stopped”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，decide的过去式为decided；不定式符号to后接动词原形，“等”对应的英文动词是wait。 6．大约半小时后，雨似乎变小了，但外面仍然很黑。 After about half an hour, the rain seemed to become __________, but it was still quite __________ outside. 【答案】 lighter dark 【详解】原句中“变小了”和“很黑”为关键信息。雨变小用形容词比较级lighter；“很黑”，用形容词dark，quite后接形容词原级。 7．我刚进商店，雨就开始倾盆而下。 The rain started __________ down right after I got __________. 【答案】 pouring inside 【详解】原句中“倾盆而下”是描述雨下得很大的状态，其对应的英文表达是“pour down”，又因为“start doing sth.”表示“开始做某事”，所以这里用“pouring”；“进商店”表达进入某个空间内部，对应的英文是“get inside” ，所以这里填“inside”。 8．一场暴雨就要来了！ A rainstorm was __________! 【答案】coming 【详解】原句中“就要来了”是关键词，“就要来了”表示即将发生，对应的英文表达用“be+动词现在分词”使用进行时表将来，“来”常见英文表述为“come”，其现在分词形式是“coming”，所以这里填“coming” ，表示一场暴雨即将来临。 9．前方传来巨大的雷声，风开始越刮越大。 There was a huge ________ of thunder ________, and the wind began to blow harder and ________. 【答案】 noise ahead harder 【详解】原句中“前方”，“巨大的雷声”和“越刮越大”是关键词，表示“前方”用副词ahead；“巨大的雷声”表达为“a huge noise of thunder”；“越来越……”用“比较级 + and + 比较级”表达，“越来越大”即“harder and harder”。 10．我们远离窗户，躲在坚固的桌子下面。 We ________ ________ from the windows and ________ ________ a strong desk. 【答案】 stay away hide under 【详解】句子描述日常安全常识、客观动作，使用一般现在时，主语We为复数，谓语动词用原形。固定短语stay away from意为“远离”，贴合前半句句意；后半句hide under表示“躲在……下面”，and连接两个并列谓语，动词形式保持一致，均用原形。 3、 单项选择。 ( ) 1．—________ do you protect yourself from a thunderstorm? —I stay indoors and don’t use mobile phones. A．What B．When C．How D．Where 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你如何在雷暴中保护自己？——我待在室内，不使用手机。 考查疑问词辨析。 What什么，用于询问事物或内容。 When何时，用于询问时间。 How如何，用于询问方式、方法。 Where哪里，用于询问地点。 根据“I stay indoors and don't use mobile phones.”可知，这是在描述保护自己的方式，因此应用疑问词How提问。故选C。 ( ) 2．The temperature will reach 40°C tomorrow. It will be the ________ day of the year. A．hot B．hotter C．hottest D．more hot 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明天温度将达到40摄氏度。这将是今年最热的一天。 句中“of the year”为比较范围，表示三者或三者以上进行比较，需用形容词最高级，hot的最高级为hottest。 ( ) 3．Don’t forget ________ the window when you leave the room. It’s windy outside. A．close B．to close C．closing D．closed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你离开房间的时候，不要忘记关窗户。外面刮风了。 forget to do sth意为“忘记去做某事”，指动作尚未发生；forget doing sth意为“忘记做过某事”，指动作已经发生。根据“when you leave the room.”可知，是提醒对方离开时要去关窗，动作未发生，应用不定式，应填to close。 ( ) 4．—________ bad weather it is! —We can’t go hiking. A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——多么糟糕的天气啊！——我们不能去徒步了。 感叹句中心词为名词weather，应用What引导；weather是不可数名词，前不加冠词a/an，应填What。 ( ) 5．You should ________ in a cool place during the hot summer. A．stay B．to stay C．staying D．stayed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在炎热的夏天，你应该待在凉爽的地方。 句中“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形，应填stay。 ( ) 6．You should limit your outdoor activities ________ the hottest time of the day. A．on B．in C．at D．for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你应该在一天中最热的时段限制户外活动。 表示“在一天中的某个时刻”用介词at。on用于具体某一天（如 on Monday），in用于较长时间段（如in the morning），for用于表示持续时长，均不适合此处。 ( ) 7．After the rain stopped, the sky ________ and the sun came out. A．cleared up B．poured down C．blew harder D．gathered 【答案】A 【详解】句意：雨停后，天空放晴，太阳出来了。 cleared up天气转晴；poured down倾盆大雨；blew harder风刮得更大；gathered聚集，通常用于人或物，不用于描述天空。根据常识，雨停后天空转晴，太阳出来，应填cleared up。 ( ) 8．When the storm came, I remembered ________ about it in geography class. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当暴风雨来临时，我记得在地理课上学过它。 remember to do sth. 表示“记得要做某事”，事情未做；remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事”，事情已做。根据语境，暴风雨来临，想起曾经在地理课上学过，说明“学习”这个动作已经发生，应填learning。learn是动词原形，不能直接跟在remember后；to learn表示将来动作，不符合句意；learned是过去式，但remember后不能接动词过去式，需接动名词或不定式。应填learning。 ( ) 9．I was walking home ________ it suddenly started to rain heavily. A．when B．while C．as D．after 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我正在走回家，这时天突然开始下大雨。 when当……时；while与……同时；as随着；after在……之后。此处表示一个动作正在进行时另一个动作突然发生，常用when引导时间状语从句，且when常用于此句型：was/were doing sth. when...意为“正在做某事，突然……”。while强调两个动作同时进行，as强调伴随，after表示先后顺序，均不符合语境。应填when。 10．Last week, a strong ________ hit our city and many trees fell down. A．rainstorm B．heatwave C．heavy fog D．sandstorm 【答案】A 【详解】上周，一场强烈的暴风雨袭击了我们的城市，许多树倒了。 rainstorm暴风雨；heatwave热浪；heavy fog浓雾；sandstorm沙尘暴。根据后半句“many trees fell down”可知，能够导致树木倒伏的通常是伴有强风的暴雨。 拓展提升 一、完形填空。 Frank was a city child who knew little about nature. His mum read him a story about a boy camping in a dark forest with few people. It sounded 1 . One day Frank’s uncle came to his home. “Frank,” said Uncle Moses, “Would you like to go camping with me this Saturday?” Thinking of the 2 , Frank didn’t want to go, but Uncle Moses kept asking. Frank decided to give it a try. The next day at school, Frank asked his friend Mary about her camping 3 . “We went to a big place. We rented a camper there. It had bathrooms and hot showers. It was 4 !” said Mary. But Uncle Moses did not take Frank to the place as he 5 that Saturday. They arrived at a forest with a lot of trees, rocks and dead leaves. “It’s 6 here,” said Uncle Moses. “We can see the stars and enjoy nature.” “Okay,” said Frank, “Where is the tent?” “Oh, there is no tent,” smiled Uncle Moses. “I’m going to 7 you how to build a shelter.” About half an hour later, Uncle Moses 8 building the shelter with Frank. “Try it out while I make our campfire,” Uncle Moses said to Frank. So Frank got into the shelter. “Wow, it was 9 here with the campfire,” he said to himself. Later, when Uncle Moses called Frank for dinner, he didn’t 10 . He had fallen asleep, tired from the new and exciting experience of building a shelter. This camping trip taught Frank a lot about nature and how to survive in it. ( ) 1．A．interesting B．important C．confident D．dangerous ( ) 2．A．poster B．dream C．story D．class ( ) 3．A．experience B．education C．exhibition D．example ( ) 4．A．common B．fantastic C．terrible D．simple ( ) 5．A．happened B．accepted C．designed D．expected ( ) 6．A．possible B．Boring C．wonderful D．similar ( ) 7．A．teach B．allow C．invite D．promise ( ) 8．A．continued B．practised C．suggested D．finished ( ) 9．A．wet B．warm C．cold D．dark ( ) 10．A．attend B．agree C．answer D．argue 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了对自然了解甚少的城市男孩弗兰克，在接受叔叔邀请前往森林露营后，通过亲手搭建庇护所体验原始野外露营，最终学到了很多自然知识与野外生存技能的故事。 1．句意：那听起来很危险。 根据“His mum read him a story about a boy camping in a dark forest with few people.”可知，故事里的露营发生在人迹罕至的黑暗森林中，对不了解自然的城市男孩弗兰克来说，这种露营听起来很危险，这也对应了后文弗兰克一开始不想去露营的态度，这里应填dangerous“危险的”。 2．句意：想到这个故事，弗兰克不想去，但摩西叔叔一直邀请他。弗兰克决定试一试。 根据前文“His mum read him a story about a boy camping in a dark forest with few people.”可知，弗兰克想到刚刚妈妈读的那篇森林露营的故事，因此心生抗拒不想去，这里要填story“故事”。 3．句意：第二天在学校，弗兰克询问他的朋友玛丽她的露营经历。 根据后文玛丽描述了自己的露营行程与体验，可知弗兰克是向朋友打听露营相关的经历，这里要填experience“经历”。 34．句意：它太棒了！玛丽说道。 根据前文“We went to a big place. We rented a camper there. It had bathrooms and hot showers.”可知，玛丽的露营设施完善，有浴室和热水淋浴，她对这次露营体验非常满意，觉得很棒，这里要填fantastic“非常棒的”。 5．句意：但是那个周六摩西叔叔并没有带弗兰克去他预期的地方。 根据前文“We went to a big place. We rented a camper there. It had bathrooms and hot showers”玛丽描述了舒适方便的露营体验，弗兰克原本预期叔叔也会带他去类似的舒适露营地，结果叔叔带他去了原始森林，和他预期的不一样，这里要填expected“预期的”。 6．句意：这里太棒了，摩西叔叔说。我们可以看星星，享受自然。 根据后文“We can see the stars and enjoy nature”摩西叔叔说可以看星星、享受自然，可知他认为这片原始森林的露营地非常棒，这里要填wonderful“极好的”。 7．句意：我打算教你怎么搭建一个庇护所。 根据前文说明没有现成的帐篷，结合这次露营是带弗兰克体验自然可知，摩西叔叔要教弗兰克亲手搭建庇护所，这里要填teach“教”。 38．句意：大约半小时后，摩西叔叔和弗兰克建好了庇护所。 根据后文“Try it out while I make our campfire”可知，搭建庇护所的工作已经完成了，这里要填finished“完成”。 9．句意：哇，有篝火在这里真暖和，他暗自想道。 结合常识，篝火可以用来取暖，这里要填warm“暖和的”。 10．句意：后来，当摩西叔叔叫弗兰克来吃饭的时候，他没有应答。 根据后文“He had fallen asleep, tired from the new and exciting experience of building a shelter.”可知，弗兰克睡着了，所以没有回应叔叔的呼唤，这里要填answer“回应”。 2、 阅读理解 （A） Grow with Learning! Li Ming, 14 I was not good at math before. I always got low marks and thought I was just not smart enough. But my teacher said, “You fail because you stop trying.” Those words changed me. I started doing more exercises and asked my classmates for help. Little by little, math became easier. I learned that I CAN do hard things if I keep trying.” Chen Jie, 13 I loved English songs, but speaking in class made me nervous. One day, we had to do homework in pairs. I wanted to give up, but my partner smiled and said, “Let’s practice together.” She never laughed at my mistakes. On the show day, I spoke clearly and felt proud of myself. I learned that we grow when we try new things with friends. Tony, 14 Last summer, I tried to build a model airplane. But when I finished, it couldn’t fly. I felt upset and lost confidence. “Every mistake teaches you something. Try again,” Dad encouraged. Although the second time still failed, I kept trying. On the fifth try, my plane finally flew! It wasn’t perfect, but watching it in the air made me so happy. I learned that failure is a part of learning. 根据材料内容选择正确答案。 ( ) 1．Who helped Li Ming with math? A．His classmates. B．His teacher. C．His parents. D．His friends. ( ) 2．Why did Chen Jie feel nervous in English class? A．She didn’t know many English words. B．She was afraid to speak in class. C．Her teacher was very strict. D．She forgot to do her homework. ( ) 3．In Tony’s story, the word “upset” most probably means _________. A．angry B．sad C．tired D．worried ( ) 4．What is the main idea of Tony’s story? A．Building models is an interesting hobby. B．Fathers always give the best advice. C．Failure can help us learn and grow. D．Practice makes perfect in everything. ( ) 5．What can we learn from their stories? A．School life is full of challenges. B．Learning English and math is easy. C．Hard work brings good marks. D．Don’t give up when facing difficulties. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述李明、陈洁、托尼三人面对困难不放弃，在他人鼓励下努力并有所成长的故事。 1．“Li Ming”部分的描述中提到：“I started doing more exercises and asked my classmates for help”，这直接说明是他的同学帮助了他学习数学。 2．“Chen Jie”部分的描述中提到：“I loved English songs, but speaking in class made me nervous”，这直接说明她因害怕在课堂上发言而感到紧张。 3．“Tony”部分的描述中提到：“Last summer, I tried to build a model airplane. But when I finished, it couldn’t fly. I felt upset and lost confidence.”，托尼制作的模型飞机不能飞，之后他失去信心，结合该语境可知“upset”在此处与“sad”意思相近，指“难过的”，用于描述托尼的感受。 4．“Tony”部分的描述最后提到：“I learned that failure is a part of learning”，这是他的故事想要表达的核心，即失败能帮助我们学习和成长。 5．三人的故事均讲述了面对各自的困难，没有放弃并坚持尝试，最终有所收获和成长，因此从中我们能学到面对困难时不要放弃的道理。 （B） A: Hi, Tom! It’s so hot today! B: Yeah, the temperature is 38°C． I can’t stand it. A: Did you watch the weather report last night? B: Yes. It said we are having a heatwave. Tomorrow will be even hotter, up to 41°C． A: Oh no! That’s terrible. How can we protect ourselves? B: The report gave some tips. First, stay indoors as much as possible, especially in air-conditioned places. A: I see. What about drinking? B: Drink lots of water. Avoid sugary drinks. A: Should we still do outdoor sports? B: It’s better to limit outdoor activities. If you must go out, do it in the early morning or evening. A: What if we have to work outside? B: Then take breaks often and stop if you feel dizzy. A: Thanks for the advice. I’ll be careful. B: You’re welcome. Stay safe! ( ) 6．What is the weather like today? A．Rainy. B．Hot. C．Cold. D．Windy. ( ) 7．What will the temperature be tomorrow? A．38°C． B．40°C． C．41°C． D．42°C． ( ) 8．According to the tips, what should we drink? A．Sugary drinks. B．Lots of water. C．Coffee. D．Juice. ( ) 9．When is it better to do outdoor activities? A．At noon. B．In the early morning or evening. C．Anytime. D．In the afternoon. ( ) 10．What should you do if you feel dizzy while working outside? A．Keep working. B．Take a break and stop. C．Drink coffee. D．Go to the hospital immediately. 【答案】6．B 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了A和B关于高温天气以及防暑建议的对话。 6．第一句提到：“It’s so hot today!”，说明今天天气很热。 7．第四行提到：“Tomorrow will be even hotter, up to 41°C.”，说明明天最高气温将达到41°C。 8．第八行提到：“Drink lots of water. Avoid sugary drinks.”，说明应该多喝水，避免含糖饮料。 9．倒数第五行提到：“If you must go out, do it in the early morning or evening.”，说明如果必须外出，最好选择清晨或傍晚。 10．倒数第三行提到：“Then take breaks often and stop if you feel dizzy.”，说明如果感到头晕，应该停下来休息。 （C） A Terrible Earthquake My name is Li Hua. I will never forget the day when an earthquake hit my city. It was a quiet afternoon. I was doing my homework in my room when suddenly the floor began to shake. The desk moved and the books fell off the shelf. I heard my mother shouting, “It’s an earthquake! Get under the table!” I quickly got under the table and held its legs. I remembered learning about earthquakes in school. Our teacher told us to stay calm and find a safe place. The shaking lasted for about 30 seconds. Then everything stopped. I came out from under the table and ran to my mother. She was safe. We went outside and saw many people in the street. Some buildings had cracks on the walls. Luckily, no one in our neighborhood was hurt. After that day, I realized how important it is to learn about natural disasters. We never know when danger will come. But if we stay calm and remember what we learn, we can protect ourselves. ( ) 11．What was Li Hua doing when the earthquake happened? A．He was watching TV. B．He was doing his homework. C．He was reading a book. D．He was playing outside. ( ) 12．What did Li Hua’s mother shout? A．“Run outside quickly!” B．“Get under the table!” C．“Stay where you are!” D．“Don't move!” ( ) 13．How long did the shaking last? A． About 20 seconds. B．About 30 seconds. C．About a minute. D．About two minutes. ( ) 14．What did Li Hua see when he went outside? A．Many buildings fell down. B．Many people were hurt. C．Some buildings had cracks. D．The street was flooded. ( ) 15．What did Li Hua learn from this experience? A． Earthquakes are very scary. B．We should run fast during an earthquake. C．Learning about disasters can help us stay safe. D．We should stay inside during a disaster. 【答案】11．B 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了李华经历了一场地震，他按照学校所学的知识避险并安然无恙，由此认识到学习自然灾害知识、保护自己的重要性。 11．第二段指出“I was doing my homework in my room when suddenly the floor began to shake.”，地震发生时李华正在做作业。 12．第二段指出“I heard my mother shouting, ‘It’s an earthquake! Get under the table!’”，妈妈让他躲到桌子底下。 13．第三段指出“The shaking lasted for about 30 seconds.”，震动持续了约30秒。 14．第三段指出“We went outside and saw many people in the street. Some buildings had cracks on the walls.”，一些建筑的墙上出现了裂缝。 15．最后一段指出“After that day, I realized how important it is to learn about natural disasters. We never know when danger will come. But if we stay calm and remember what we learn, we can protect ourselves.”，李华意识到学习自然灾害知识非常重要，可以帮助我们在危险时保护自己。 三、任务型阅读 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。 A Blind Man and His “Eyes” John Dancer always travelled together with Charlie. One night John and Charlie arrived at a hotel. “Good evening, sir,” said the receptionist (接待员) when John arrived at the hotel. Then he saw Charlie. “Sir, you’re welcome to stay, but we don’t allow pets here. Sorry!” he explained. “Charlie isn’t a pet,” said John. “He’s my eyes. I’m blind, and it’s hard for me to get around by myself. I need him to show me where to go.” The receptionist said sorry to John and led John and Charlie to their room. It was late. John was very tired after a long day. He went to bed and soon fell asleep (睡着). Charlie was sleeping beside the bed. Suddenly, Charlie started barking (犬吠). John woke up and smelt smoke. A fire! Smoke started to come in from under the door. John knew they couldn’t get out that way now. Their room was on the 8th floor, so they couldn’t climb out of the window. They had to do something to stop the smoke. With Charlie’s help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom (底部) of the door. Then he got down on the floor next to Charlie and waited. The minutes seemed like hours. Then he heard it—the sound of a fire engine (消防车). It was music to his ears. Soon, a fireman arrived and got in the room from the window. When he found John, he quickly helped him get up and tried to get him out of the building. But John would not go without his “eyes”. Finally, the fireman got both John and Charlie out of the building safely. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．When and where did the story take place? 2．Why did Charlie start barking suddenly? 3．How did John stop the smoke coming into the room? 4．What does the underlined word “music” refer to? 5．What is John’s “eyes”? 【答案】 1．One night at a hotel. 2．Because Charlie smelt smoke./Because there was a fire at the hotel. 3．With Charlie’s help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom of the door. 4．The sound of a fire engine. 5．Charlie. 【导语】本文讲述盲人John和导盲犬Charlie入住酒店时遇到火灾，在狗狗帮助下成功获救的故事，体现了人与宠物的深厚感情。 1．第一段提到“One night John and Charlie arrived at a hotel”，交代了故事发生的时间与地点，直接提取。 2．第五段指出“Suddenly, Charlie started barking. John woke up and smelt smoke. A fire!”，说明Charlie突然吠叫是因为发生了火灾，有烟雾出现，概括得出答案。 3．第五段提到“With Charlie’s help, John put some wet clothes along the bottom of the door”，这是John阻挡烟雾进入房间的具体做法，直接提取。 4．第五段说明“Then he heard it—the sound of a fire engine. It was music to his ears”，结合火灾情境可知，此处的“music”指代消防车的声音。 5．第四段和最后一段提到“Charlie isn’t a pet...He’s my eyes. I’m blind”以及“But John would not go without his ‘eyes’”，表明John的“眼睛”是他的导盲犬Charlie。 四、语言运用 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Sunday, I experienced a small sandstorm on 1 way to the park. I 2 (walk) along the street when the sandstorm came. 3 the sand was everywhere, I couldn’t open my eyes at all. I quickly ran to a shop and stayed there 4 (careful). The sand hit the window with much noise, and the air became 5 (dirty) than before. Many 6 (passer-by) stood with me in the small shop. We all avoided 7 (go) out in the sandstorm. After about twenty minutes, the sandstorm was over and the wind 8 (drop) down. I looked at 9 (I) dirty clothes and smiled. I left the shop 10 ten minutes and went back home. It was an unforgettable experience for me. 【答案】 1．my 2．was walking 3．Because 4．carefully 5．dirtier 6．passers-by 7．going 8．dropped 9．my 10．after 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者上周日在去公园的路上经历的一场小沙尘暴。 1．句意：上周日，我在去公园的路上经历了一场小沙尘暴。此处考查固定搭配“on one’s way to...”，意为“在某人去……的路上”。句中主语是“I”，对应的形容词性物主代词“my”。故填my。 2．句意：沙尘暴来临时，我正在街上走。句中“when the sandstorm came”是时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句表示“过去某个时间正在进行的动作”，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。主语是“I”，be动词用“was”，“walk”的现在分词是“walking”。故填was walking。 3．句意：因为沙子到处都是，我完全无法睁开眼睛。前半句“the sand was everywhere”是后半句“I couldn’t open my eyes”的原因，此处需要引导原因状语从句的连词。because“因为”符合语境，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Because。 4．句意：我快速跑进一家商店，小心地待在那里。此处修饰动词“stayed”，应用副词。careful“小心的”是形容词，其副词形式是“carefully”，表示“小心地”。故填carefully。 5．句意：沙子撞击窗户发出很大噪音，空气变得比之前更脏了。句中“than before”是比较级的标志，提示此处应用形容词比较级。dirty“脏的”是形容词，其比较级为“dirtier”，表示“更脏的”。故填dirtier。 6．句意：许多路人和我一起待在这家小商店里。“Many”后接可数名词复数。passer-by“路人”是复合名词，其复数形式为passers-by。故填passers-by。 7．句意：我们所有人都避免在沙尘暴中外出。此处考查固定搭配“avoid doing sth.”，意为“避免做某事”，“avoid”后接动名词作宾语。“go”的动名词形式是“going”。故填going。 8．句意：大约二十分钟后，沙尘暴结束了，风力减弱了。全文讲述“Last Sunday”发生的事情，整体时态为一般过去时，因此动词drop“减弱”需用过去式“dropped”。故填dropped。 9．句意：我看着我脏衣服，笑了。此处修饰名词“dirty clothes”应用形容词性物主代词。“I”的形容词性物主代词是“my”。故填my。 10．句意：十分钟后我离开了商店，返回了家。根据上下文，沙尘暴结束后，作者应是十分钟后离开了商店。“after”意为“在……之后”，符合语境。故填after。 五、书面表达 假设你是李华，上周一场暴雨(rainstorm)袭击了你的家乡。请你写一篇短文，记录这次经历，谈谈灾害带来的影响以及你是如何保护自己的。词数约120词。写作要点: 1.时间、天气：上周三下午，乌云密布，狂风大作，暴雨倾盆。 2.灾害影响：树木倒塌，部分房屋受损，街道积水。 3.自我保护：待在室内，远离窗户，不使用电器，等安全后再出门。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Last Wednesday afternoon, a terrible rainstorm hit my hometown. Dark clouds gathered quickly, the wind blew hard, and the rain poured down heavily. The rainstorm brought many problems. Some trees fell down and a few houses were broken. The streets were covered with water. It was really dangerous outside. When the rainstorm came, I stayed indoors safely. I kept away from windows and didn’t use electrical appliances. I waited until the weather cleared up before going out. This experience tells us it’s important to learn how to protect ourselves from natural disasters. We should remember safety rules for all bad weather. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙性感悟文，以一般过去时为主 明确要点：天气状况、灾害影响、自身做法 确定人称：第一人称(I) 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称 [第二步：构思布局] 两段式结构： 主体段：详细描述暴雨来临的天气状况、带来的灾害影响及自我保护做法 结尾段：书写结尾，升华文章主旨 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：天气状况 时间选择：Last Wednesday afternoon/Yesterday/Last year… 具体天气：a terrible rainstorm/an awful snowstorm… 天气情况：the wind blew hard/turned dark as night in seconds/the wind howled… 要点二：灾害影响 具体表现：trees fell down/damage many buildings/leave many places without water and electricity… 要点三：自身做法 具体做法：stayed indoors safely/stay away from open windows and doors/keep away from dangerous areas… 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $