Unit9 课时5 Grammar in Use（课件）【趣味课堂】英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

该初中英语课件围绕“合成词”和“副词比较级、最高级”展开，通过“看图匹配自然灾害”导入，引导学生观察合成词构成（如snow+storm=snowstorm），再过渡到副词比较级最高级规则及用法，构建从词汇到语法的学习支架。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质，通过合成词拆分练习（如grass+land=grassland）和副词比较级对话应用（如“We must arrive earlier than usual”），提升学生语言理解与表达能力，培养逻辑分析思维。分层作业（基础抄写、提高思维导图、拓展小组海报）和安全意识渗透（如地震自救），助力学生主动学习，教师可借助系统活动高效开展教学。

Exploring Lesson 5 Grammar in Use Unit 9 Forces of Nature Compound words & Comparative and superlative adverbs 目录 CONTENTS 目 录 01 ~ Lead in 02 ~ Compound words 03 ~ Comparative and superlative adverbs 04 ~ Practice 05 ~ Language points 06 ~ Exercise&Homework Lesson Objectives: In this lesson, we will be able to: 1. Recognize and use compound words related to natural disasters; master the usage of comparative and superlative adverbs. 2. Use comparative and superlative adverbs to describe natural disasters. Finish extended exercises and game-based tasks to consolidate grammar and vocabulary knowledge. 3. Recognize the dangers of sandstorms, hurricanes, etc., strengthen safety awareness, and learn basic earthquake self-rescue skills. Lead in Look and match. What disaster is this? thunderstorm earthquake snowstorm Activity 1 Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the compound words in bold. Observing A snowstorm is a storm with strong winds and a lot of snow. A thunderstorm is a storm with thunder and lightning. An earthquake is a quake of the surface of the earth. snow+storm= snowstorm thunder+storm= thunderstorm earth+quake= earthquake compound words(合成词) Language points Activity 1 1. A thunderstorm is a storm with thunder and lightning. 雷暴是指有雷声和闪电的暴风雨。 with prep. “有；带有；具有”,表示某人或某物带有某种特征。 e.g. Look at the boy with glasses. He is my brother. 看戴眼镜的那个男孩。他是我弟弟。 注意：with引导的介词短语作定语要置于所修饰词的后面。 e.g. I have a house with a garden. 我有一所带花园的房子。 拓展：with 还意为“与……一起”/“用……”/“随着……;伴着……”。 e.g. She lives with her parents. 她和父母住一起。 He is writing with an ink brush. 他正在用毛笔写字。 Lingling likes sleeping with the windows open. 玲玲喜欢开着窗户睡觉。 【即时练习】大家好！我很高兴与大家分享我的学习经历。 Hi, everyone! I’m very glad to share my learning experiences _______ you. with Compound words grammar 1）概念 复合词(Compound words)是由两个或更多独立单词组合而成的新词。 e.g. tooth(牙齿) + brush(刷子) → toothbrush(牙刷) waste(废弃的) + paper(纸) → wastepaper(废纸) 2) 复合词的构成规则 规则 例词 直接合并 (无连字符) note(笔记)+book(本子) → notebook(笔记本) rain(雨)+coat(外套) → raincoat(雨衣) black(黑色的)+board(木板) → blackboard(黑板) white(白色的)+board(木板) → whiteboard(白板) green(绿色)+house(房子) → greenhouse(温室效应) rain(雨)+bow(弓) → rainbow(彩虹) Compound words grammar 2) 复合词的构成规则 规则 例词 用连字符连接 south(南)+-+east(东) → south-east(东南) Twenty(二十)+ - +one(一) → twenty-one(二十一) paper(纸)+thin(薄的) → paper-thin(薄如纸的) 分开书写但意义相连 post(邮政)+office(办公室) → post office(邮局) ice(冰)+cream(奶油) → ice cream(冰激凌) junk(无价值的东西)+food(食物) → junk food(垃圾食品) Activity 2 Fill in the blanks with the given words in the box. 1. You’d better bring a(n) __________ if you need to walk on a dark road. 2. People living in the desert know how to keep themselves safe when a(n) __________ comes. 3. We should buy cooked food and clean water in the _____________ before snowstorm. 4. A strong __________ of the earthquake happened about 40 minutes later, and it caused more harm to the area. flashlight sandstorm supermarket aftershock flashlight sandstorm aftershock supermarket Activity 3 Read the text and guess the meaning of the underlined words. With fewer grasslands in some areas, the sandstorm appears more often. Sandstorms can cover farmlands, cause traffic accidents, and harm human health. People should take action in time to fight against sandstorms. Or, the sandstorm may become a worldwide problem. grass + land = grassland (草地) sand + storm = sandstorm (沙尘暴) farm + land = farmland (农田) world + wide = worldwide (全世界范围的) in some area 在一些地点 take action (to do sth.) 采取行动(做某事) in time 及时 fight against 反对;与....做斗争 Activity 3 Read again and answer the questions. Q1: What causes sandstorms to appear more often? Q2: List three harms of sandstorms. Q3: What should people do? Q4: What may happen if we don't act? With fewer grasslands in some areas, the sandstorm appears more often. Sandstorms can cover farmlands, cause traffic accidents, and harm human health. People should take action in time to fight against sandstorms. Or, the sandstorm may become a worldwide problem. Fewer grasslands. Cover farmlands, cause traffic accidents, harm human health. Take action in time to fight against sandstorms. It may become a worldwide problem. Language points Activity 3 2. People should take action in time to fight against sandstorms. 人们应及时采取行动防治沙尘暴。 1) take action (to do sth.) 意为“采取行动(做某事)”。此时action在这里作 不可数名词，意为“行动；行为过程”。 e.g. Don't talk—take action to make a change. 不要光说——要采取行动做出改变。 2) fight against意为“与……作斗争；反对；打击”。此时 against在这里作 介词，意为“反对；与……相反”。 e.g. We should fight against school bullying. 我们应当与校园霸凌作斗争。 【即时练习】 1) We need to take action ________ the environment before it’s too late. A. protect B. protecting C. protected D. to protect 2) 我们应该足够勇敢，能与坏人做斗争. We should be brave enough to _________ _________ the bad people. D fight against Activity 1 Pair work. Read the conversation. Pay attention to the words in bold. Will there be a disaster prevention training at school tomorrow? Yes. We must arrive earlier than usual. No problem! What should we wear to school? We’d better wear sports shoes. We can perform best in sports shoes. earlier是early的比较级 best是well的最高级 Language points Activity 1 3. We can perform best in sports shoes. 穿运动鞋会让我们表现得最好。 perform v. “工作；运转(好/不好); 表演；履行”。 e.g. Our team peformed very well in hte final. 我们队在决赛中表现得非常好。 I plan to perform a dance in the art festival. 我打算在艺术节表演舞蹈。 A computer can perform many tasks at once. 电脑能同时执行多项任务。 拓展：perform v.“表演；表现”→ performance n.“表演；演出” → performer n. “表演者；演出者；演员” e.g. The performance starts at 7 o'clock this evening. 演出在今天晚上7点开始。 These performers are from Henan. 这些演员来自河南。 【即时练习】The guests clapped politely when the _____________ finished her wonderful ______________. (perform) performer performance Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 1) 概念 副词比较级和最高级用于比较动作或状态的程度。 e.g. Kangkang runs faster than I do. WangJunfeng runs (the) fastest. 康康跑得比我快。王俊峰跑得最快。 Lingling does homework more carefully than I do. Xiao Ya does homework (the) most carefully. 玲玲做作业比我细心。肖雅做作业最细心。 Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 2)副词比较级和最高级构成规则 (1)规则变化 规则 单音节副词和部分双音节副词 部分以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词(形容词加-ly构成的副词除外) 双音节及以上的副词 比较级 一般在后面加上-er 将“-y”改为“-i”, 再加上-er 在副词前面加上more 最高级 一般在后加上-est 将“-y”改为“-i”, 再加上-est 在副词前面加上 (the) most 例词 原级 fast(快) early(早) quickly(快) 比较级 faster(更快) earlier(更早) more quickly(更快) 例词 最高级 fastest(最快) earliest(最早) the most quickly(最快) Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 2)副词比较级和最高级构成规则 (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 well better best badly worse worst much more most little less least far farther(指距离) farthest(指距离) further(指距离或抽象概念) furthest(指距离或抽象概念) 注意： ① 形容词加-ly构成的双音节副词通常在比较级前面加more, 在最高级前面加(the) most。如： e.g. slowly(慢)→ ________ slowly(更慢)→(the) ________ slowly(最慢); ② often的比较级和最高级有两种： often(经常) → oftener/more often(更频繁) → (the) oftenest/(the) most often(最频繁); ③ 副词最高级前面的the可省略。 more most Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 3) 用法 比较级：两者比较(常与than连用)。 最高级：三者及以上比较(常加比较范围)。 e.g. My parents get up earlier than me. 我的父母起床比我早。 My grandparents get up (the) earliest in my family. 在我家，我的祖父母起床最早。 练习：The wind blows ________ in a typhoon than on a usual day. A. hard B. harder C. hardest B Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 4) 比较等级的用法 ①比较级：副词比较级+than 意为“……比……更……”, 表示一方超过或不如另一方。 e.g. The forest fire spread faster than we thought. 森林大火蔓延的速度比我们想象的更快。 ②比较级：比较级+and+比较级/more and more+多音节副词原级 意为“越来越……” e.g. She cooks better and better. 她饭做得越来越好。 He plays the piano __________________ beautifully. 他钢琴弹得越来越动听。 more and more Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 4) 比较等级的用法 ③比较级：the+比较级+(主谓), the+比较级+(主谓) 意为“越……(就), 越……“”表示一方的程度随着另一方的变化而变化。 e.g. The more we know each other, the better we understand each other. 我们越是相互了解，就越能彼此理解。 注意：比较级形式表示最高级意义 any other+可数名词单数 比较级+than + the other+可数名词复数 any of the other+可数名词复数 anything/anybody else Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar e.g. He runs farther than any other student in class. = He runs farther than the other students in class. = He runs farther than any of the other students in class. = He runs farther than anybody else in class.  他比班上任何一个学生跑得都远。 练习： 1) China is larger than any other ________ in Asia. A. countries B. country C. the country 2) —Canada is one of the largest ________ in the world. —Yes, it is larger than ________ country in Asia. A. country; any other B. countries; any other C. countries; any B C Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 5) 副词比较等级的修饰语 类别 修饰语 比较级 much ……得多 a lot 很 a little/bit 有点 by far 更，……得多 even 甚至，更 still 还要，更 a great deal 大大地 最高级 much ……得多 almost 几乎 nearly 几乎 by far/far and away 最，很 the+序数词 第几 e.g. Xiao Ya plays the guitar much better than me. 肖雅的吉他弹得比我的好多了。 He plays basketball almost the best in our school. 他几乎是我们学校篮球打得最好的。 Comparative and superlative adverbs grammar 挑战一：写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式。 late → ________ → ________ badly → ________ → ________ hard → ________ → ________ early → ________ → ________ well → ________ → ________ far → ________ / ________ → ________ / ________ later latest worse worst earlier earliest better best harder hardest farther further farthest furthest 挑战二：用括号内单词的适当形式填空。 1. She works _______ (hard) than her brother, but her father works ________ (hard) in the family. 2. He arrived ________ (early) than me, but she arrived _________ (early) in the class. 3. Tom runs ____________ (quick) than Jack, but Sam runs ______________ (quick) of all. 4. The bird sings _____________ (loud) than the frog, but the alarm rings _____________ (loud) of all. more quickly most quickly harder hardest more loudly most loudly earlier earliest 挑战三：单项选择。 1. The wind blows ________ in a typhoon than on a usual day. A. hard B. harder C. hardest 2. The wind blew ________ yesterday than today. It was really scary. A. badly B. worse C. worst 3. The forest fire spread ________ faster than we thought. A. more B. much C. very 4. ______ the hurricane moves, ______ it becomes for coastal areas. A. The quickly; the dangerous B. More quickly; more dangerous C. The more quickly; the more dangerous 5. The guard ran ______ of all to put out the forest fire, and he saved many trees in the end. A. fast B. faster C. the fastest B B B C C Activity 2 Complete the table and learn how to use the comparative and superlative adverbs. Adverb Comparative Superlative fast The forest fire spread faster than we thought. The guards ran (the) fastest to put out the fire. carefully He drives ______________ than I do. Xia Feng checks the windows ___________________. far We need to walk _________ to keep away from the flood. The floodwater reached ______________ into the eastern part of the city after the heavy rain. more carefully (the) most carefully farther (the) farthest put out 扑灭；出版 keep away from 远离；避开 Activity 3 Complete the text with the correct form of the given words. bad far hard high terrible On November 1st, 2012, Hurricane Sandy swept through our town. I still remember how terrible the superstorm was. We lived _________ away from the beach than most of our neighbors, and our house stood on a hillside. I thought we were safe. But the wind was blowing __________ every minute and the waves kept reaching __________. Soon, the storm arrived and took away the roof of our house. It hit the beach side of the town ______________. Nearly everything there was gone. It is a _________ painful experience for me and I still can’t get over it. farther harder (the) worst terribly higher sweep through 横扫；席卷 get over 克服；解决；控制 Activity 3 Read again and choose the best answer. 1. When did Hurricane Sandy sweep through the town? ( ) A. On October 1st, 2012 B. On November 1st, 2012 C. On December 1st, 2012 D. On November 1st, 2022 2. Where did the writer’s house stand? ( ) A. Near the beach B. In the city center C. On a hillside D. In a forest 3. Why did the writer think they were safe at first? ( ) A. Because they lived far from the beach B. Because they lived in a strong house C. Because the wind was not strong D. Because they had prepared well B C A Activity 3 Read again and choose the best answer. 4. What happened to the house during the storm? ( ) A. The walls fell down B. The windows broke C. The roof was taken away D. The door was broken 5. Which part of the town was hit hardest? ( ) A. The hillside B. The town center C. The north side D. The beach side 6. How does the writer feel about this experience? ( ) A. Excited B. Proud C. Painful D. Funny C D C Language points Activity 3 4. Nearly everything there was gone. 那儿的一切几乎都消失了。 gone是go的过去分词形式, 在此处用作形容词, 意为“消失了；不复存在”。 e.g. —Many forests were gone because people cut down the trees. 因为人们的砍伐，许多森林消失了。 —What a pity! 太可惜了! 【即时练习】 在水面以下超过152米处，日光几乎完全消失。 At more than 152 metres below the surface of the water,   the daylight is almost ________. gone Language points Activity 3 5. It is a terribly painful experience for me and I still can't get over it. 这对我来说是一个可怕的痛苦的经历，我仍然无法克服它。 get over “克服；解决；控制” e.g. —She can't get over her shyness. 她无法克服羞怯心理。 —Let's help her. 让我们帮助她吧。 拓展：get over sth./sb. 从疾病(或震惊、断绝关系等)中恢复常态。 get sth. over (to sb.) 向(某人)讲清某事；让(某人)明白某事。 e.g. I hope you can get over soon. 我希望你能尽快恢复健康。 He didn't get his meaning over to us. 他没有向我们讲清他的意思。 【即时练习】 She tried ________ her fear and sang in front of the class. A. get over B. to get over C. getting over D. got over B Key phrases 1. 采取行动(做某事) ________________________ 2. 及时 _______________ 3. 与...做斗争；反对 ___________________ 4. 扑灭；出版 __________________ 5. 远离；避开 ______________________ 6. 克服；解决；控制 _________________ take action (to do sth.) in time fight against put out keep away from get over Exercises I. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空(有一项多余)。 1. After the strong ____________, many people lost their homes and needed help. 2. A ____________ is very useful when you walk in the dark. 3. The news about the sandstorm spread ____________ quickly on the Internet. 4. Without enough ____________, the land may become dry and sandy. 5. The teacher used a ____________ so that every student could hear clearly. earthquake flashlight worldwide grassland aftershock loudspeaker earthquake flashlight worldwide grassland loudspeaker Exercises 1. The wind blew __________ (hard) yesterday than today. 2. Among all the students, Tom ran ______________ (fast) in the 100-meter race. 3. She sings __________________ (beautiful) than her sister. 4. The forest fire spread ________________ (quick) than we expected. 5. In a sandstorm, you should walk ______________ (careful) than usual. harder II. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 (the) fastest more beautifully more quickly more carefully Exercises 1. 沙尘暴比我们想象的来得更快。 The sandstorm came ________ ________ than we thought. 2. 地震中，最重要的是保持冷静。 In an earthquake, ______ ________ __________ thing is to stay calm. 3. 暴风雨越来越猛烈。 The storm became ________ and ________. 4. 我们应尽快采取行动防治沙尘暴。 We should ________ ________ as soon as possible to fight against sandstorms. 5. 在台风中，他比其他人表现得勇敢得多。 In the typhoon, he acted ________ ________ ________ than others. III. 完成译句 (每空一词)。 more quickly the most important worse worse take action much more bravely Summary We learn: 1. the structure and meaning of the compound words. 2. the usage of comparative and superlative adverbs. We can: 1. guess the meaning of a compound word and compare how two or three people do things. 2. feel the bad effects of sandstorms and hurricanes and how powerful natural disasters are. Homework 1. 基础层：抄写核心合成词 / 词汇，各造 1 个句子（含 1 个 比较级 / 最高级句子）。 2. 提高层：画一张自然灾害合成词思维导图 （如 storm→snowstorm/thunderstorm/sandstorm）。 3. 拓展层：小组合作，制作 “防灾合成词海报”，包含 8 个以上 合成词和防灾建议。 暴风雨防范 Thank you! $