Unit 5 Period 1 Reading and Thinking（分层作业）英语人教版选择性必修第三册

Unit 5 Period 1 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.创作诗歌 __________________ 2.传达某种情感 __________________ 3.用词简练 __________________ 4.文学手法 __________________ 5.明喻和暗喻 __________________ 6.童谣；儿歌 __________________ 7.民歌 __________________ 8.故事情节 __________________ 9.易于学习和背诵 __________________ 10.清单诗 __________________ 11.由…… 组成 __________________ 12.五行诗 __________________ 13.俳句 __________________ 14.受…… 欢迎 __________________ 15.唐诗 __________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.The poet used simple lines to ____________(传达) his deep love for nature in the poem. 2.Nursery rhymes are popular with kids because of their strong ____________(节奏) and catchy rhymes. 3.Haiku is a traditional Japanese poem with a fixed ____________(格式) of three lines. 4.The little boy can ____________(背诵) the classic nursery rhyme Hush, Little Baby fluently. 5.The haiku describes a ____________(精致的) butterfly resting on a flower branch. 6.The short poem conveys a complex ____________(情绪) of joy and sorrow. 7.The moving legend of the waiting wife was ____________(转变) into a famous Tang poem. 8.Even ____________(业余的) poetry lovers can write simple cinquains easily. 三、用所给词块完成句子 从下方词块中选择合适的短语，并用其适当形式完成下列句子，每个词块仅用一次。 to one’s sorrow, a nursery rhyme, to the point, make sense, be made up of, in a good mood, in particular, beyond comprehension 1．The little girl is often heard to recite , “The little rabbit is so white.” 2． , all his belongings were destroyed in the earthquake. 3．He has strange ideas, and his motive is utterly . 4．I am fond of his literary works, and his dramas . 5．It doesn’t to argue with him because he is not reasonable. 6．In spite of all your talk, you never seem to come . 7．This collection three parts: poems, dramas and short stories. 8．Criticized by his teacher, he was not . 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因，有的是为了讲述故事，有的是为了抒发情感。 There are various reasons why people ____________, some to tell stories and others to convey certain feelings. 2．诗歌的鲜明特点通常包括用词简练、生动的语言以及明喻和暗喻等文学手法。 The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include ____________, descriptive and vivid language, and literary devices such as similes and metaphors. 3．童谣通常是传统诗歌或民歌，节奏感强，很受孩子们的喜爱。 Nursery rhymes, which are usually traditional poems or ____________, have a strong rhythm and are popular with children. 4．清单诗围绕一个特定主题展开，句式灵活，部分清单诗会使用重复的短语。 List poems ____________ a particular theme, have a flexible line length, and some use repeated phrases. 5．五行诗由五行构成，业余诗歌爱好者可以轻松创作。 The cinquain, which ____________ five lines, is a simple poem that amateur poetry lovers can easily write. 6．俳句由三行共 17 个音节组成，很受英语作家的欢迎。 Haiku, which ____________ 17 syllables in three lines, is very popular with English writers. 7．许多唐诗被翻译成了英语，比如王建的这首经典作品。 A lot of ____________ has been translated into English, such as this classic work by Wang Jian. 8．有这么多不同的诗歌形式可供选择，你或许最终会想要创作自己的诗歌。 With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may ____________ write poems of your own. 五、语篇填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The reasons why people write poems are different and poets use many different forms 1 (express) themselves. Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes, 2 language has a strong rhythm. The poems are easy 3 (learn) and they always make small children 4 (delight). One of the 5 (simple) kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which has a flexible line length and repeated 6 (phrase), which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Another simple form of poem is the cinquain, which 7 (make) up of five lines. This kind of poem can convey a strong picture in just a few 8 (word). The Japanese haiku consists of 17 syllables and is very popular 9 English writers because it is easy to write. English speakers like Tang poems from China 10 particular and a lot of them have been translated into English. 六、阅读理解 A （25-26高三上·湖南·月考）POETRY CONTEST: FAMILY TRADITIONS! Are you a teen poet? Here’s a contest for you! In 100 words or less, tell us about your family traditions — in the style of a poem! A family tradition is any repeated practice that holds special meaning and strengthens the bonds between its members. Teen Ink wants to start the year off learning about your family traditions (e.g. Summer trips to the lake, listening to old songs with grandpa, decorating a Christmas tree together, Sunday pizza nights, etc.). You may even be published in the April 2026 issue of Teen Ink magazine! Deadline: January 31st, 2026 Guidelines: · Submissions should relate to the topic (Your Family Traditions). · Teen Ink will only consider entries by teens. · There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit. · Submissions must be 100 words or less. · Be creative; test your limits; use your fantastic poet skills! Submissions: · Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the poetry contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. · To make sure your submissions are included in the contest, include “2026 Traditions Contest” in the first part of your submission’s title (e. g., 2026 Traditions Contest: Dinner at Granny’s). Prizes: · The winner and five honorable mentions will be featured in our digital magazine. 1．What is the main purpose of this announcement? A．To provide tips on writing poetry. B．To advertise the Teen Ink digital magazine. C．To explain the importance of family traditions. D．To invite teenage poets to participate in a contest. 2．Which of the following is limited in the contest? A．The age of a participant. B．The number of participants. C．The forms of family traditions. D．The number of pieces submitted. 3．What is the requirement for your submission? A．It must be about family traditions. B．It must be more than 100 words. C．The title must include your name. D．The title must be Dinner at Granny’s. B （25-26高一下·湖南长沙·月考）Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive (互相排斥) career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The gap between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 4．What is the purpose of mentioning the famous people in paragraph 1? A．To display they were talented. B．To confirm they were out of favor. C．To encourage different career paths. D．To show poetry and science can be combined. 5．What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do? A．Promote a new science-poetry journal. B．Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C．Encourage science communication through poems. D．Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 6．What does Illingworth think of the present ways of science communication? A．Complex. B．Creative. C．Effective. D．Traditional 7．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Take on Poetry B．Scientists and Poets Think Alike C．Poetry: A Great Tool to Question the World D．Science Communication: A Two-way Dialogue 七、七选五 （2026·云南昭通·模拟预测）How to Write a Poem Writing a poem means observing the world around you or your inner thoughts. It can deal with any topic, from love to the memory of an old place. Though writing poetry may seem difficult if you don’t have creative ideas, you can make a wonderful poem with proper inspiration and simple methods. How to Start Writing Poetry The first step is to find inspiration. 8 . You can try free writing for 5 — 10 minutes, noting down daily feelings or random thoughts. Using prompts like “what wind feels like” or listing images linked to an emotional moment also works. Your surroundings and loved ones are great sources too — a walk in the neighborhood, a special talk with your parent, or a memory full of joy or sadness can all be topics. Next, pick a specific theme instead of a general one. 9 . For example, “missing my hometown in winter” is better than just “missing home” as it can give your poem a clear goal or objective. Finally, choose a suitable poetic form. There are many forms like free verse, concrete, or haiku. 10 . You can pick an easy one to keep it simple or a challenging one to practice your skills. Writing the Poem When writing, use specific descriptions with the five senses — smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. This makes your poem vivid and easy for readers to imagine. 11 . Adding literary skills like metaphors, similes, or personification can also make your poem more interesting. Besides, write for the ear to ensure smooth flow when read aloud and avoid overused expressions to keep it unique. Polishing the Poem After finishing the first draft, read your poem aloud. Mark any lines that sound awkward and adjust them. Sharing it with friends or teachers for feedback helps too. Their suggestions can help you improve. Finally, revise boldly. 12 , and ensure every line serves the poem’s theme. With these steps, your poem will become more polished and enjoyable. A．It helps you focus your descriptions and avoid uncertainty B．Add more beautiful phrases to enrich the poem’s language C．There are several simple ways to gather ideas for your poem D．Cut confusing lines and avoid keeping pretty but irrelevant ones E．Abstract words often can’t let readers feel the true picture of your poem F．Literary devices like metaphors and similes are common in famous poems G．Different forms fit different themes — limericks (五行打油诗) for fun, sonnets for romance 八、完形填空 Anyone addicted to reading bus tickets will understand the appeal of Poems on the Underground. Some years ago, a group of London-based poetry lovers had an idea: it would be 1 to read a few lines by their favourite poets as they travelled around by underground. London Underground 2 the suggestion. After finding sponsors to cover half the 3 they agreed to pay the rest. Thus, in January 1986, Poems on the Underground was 4 at Aldwych station. The 5 platform signs suddenly gained a literary touch. When the first train carrying poems 6 , passengers boarded and soon 7 voices filled the carriages, reading lines aloud. The poems gained new life when placed beside ads. Passengers enjoyed reading famous lines during their journeys, sometimes even 8 to memorize a sonnet between stops. The selection was carefully made to 9 all tastes, including works from around the English-speaking world, with a special 10 on poems linked to London. The project’s 11 proved Britain’s love for poetry. Many wrote to 12 poems or express thanks. In 1989, London Underground promised to provide all advertising space free, increase the number of poems, update them 13 , and cover production costs. Though posters of poems are 14 worldwide, the best way to 15 them is still on a London Underground train for the price of a ticket. 1．A．accurate B．pleasant C．amusing D．complex 2．A．approved of B．set aside C．put forward D．learned about 3．A．lines B．costs C．risks D．spaces 4．A．changed B．repeated C．cancelled D．launched 5．A．modern B．secret C．usual D．strange 6．A．combined B．expanded C．arrived D．disappeared 7．A．serious B．merry C．quiet D．nervous 8．A．pretending B．promising C．forgetting D．trying 9．A．introduce B．suit C．record D．check 10．A．focus B．comment C．research D．pressure 11．A．problem B．mistake C．success D．judgement 12．A．suggest B．sell C．hide D．copy 13．A．suddenly B．immediately C．regularly D．completely 14．A．displayed B．composed C．absorbed D．implied 15．A．create B．compare C．imagine D．experience $Unit 5 Period 1 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】 1.compose poetry 2.convey certain feelings 3.economical use of words 4.literary devices 5.similes and metaphors 6.nursery rhyme 7.folk song 8.storyline 9.be easy to learn and recite 10.list poem 11.be made up of / consist of 12.cinquain 13.haiku 14.be popular with 15.Tang poetry 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 【答案】 1.convey 2. rhythm 3. format 4. recite 5. delicate 6. mood 7. transformed 8. amateur 三、用所给词块完成句子 【答案】1．a nursery rhyme 2．To his sorrow 3．beyond comprehension 4．in particular 5．make sense 6．to the point 7．is made up of 8．in a good mood 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 【答案】 compose poetry 2. economical use of words 3. folk songs 4. develop a particular theme 5. is made up of 6. consists of 7. Tang poetry 8. eventually want to 五、语篇填空 【答案】 1．to express 2．whose 3．to learn 4．delighted 5．simplest 6．phrases 7．is made 8．words 9．with 10．in 六、阅读理解 A 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章面向青少年诗人征集以家庭传统为主题的短诗，说明了比赛主题、参赛要求、提交方式、截止日期以及奖项设置等内容。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Are you a teen poet? Here’s a contest for you! In 100 words or less, tell us about your family traditions — in the style of a poem!(你是青少年诗人吗？这里有一个比赛适合你！用诗歌的形式，在100词以内，向我们讲述你的家庭传统！)”可知，这则通知的主要目的是邀请青少年诗人参加比赛。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Guidelines部分中“Teen Ink will only consider entries by teens.(《青少年文墨》只接受青少年的参赛作品)”可知，比赛对参赛者的年龄有限制。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据Guidelines部分中“Submissions should relate to the topic (Your Family Traditions).(参赛作品需与主题(你的家庭传统)相关)”可知，参赛作品的要求是必须围绕家庭传统展开。故选A。    B 【答案】4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. (数学家Ada Lovelace和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell都是颇有造诣的诗人。诗人John Keats是一名有执照的外科医生。在19世纪，将这两种实践结合起来就不再受欢迎了。)”可推知，如今人们常认为诗歌与科学互不相容，但历史上多位名人同时精通二者，提及他们是为了证明诗歌与科学是可以结合的。故选D项。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. (通过研讨会和一本名为《Consilience》的新科学诗歌杂志，Illingworth正在帮助科学家们将他们的最新成果转化为诗歌，以吸引科学领域以外的人的欣赏。)”可知，Illingworth的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学传播。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. (Illingworth也认同这一观点，他认为目前的科学传播活动往往过于依赖公开讲座和缺乏互动的PPT幻灯片。)”可推知，Illingworth认为现在的科学传播方式过于传统。故选D项。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. (但是，当科学家们寻找用他们的发现来启发他人的替代方法时，将研究转化为歌词、俳句和其他诗歌形式的现象再次出现在科学家之中。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义，A项“Scientists Take on Poetry (科学家开始写诗)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 七、七选五 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．G 11．E 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写诗从找灵感、选主题、挑形式到创作、润色的具体步骤与方法。 8．上文“The first step is to find inspiration. (写诗的第一步是找到灵感)”明确指出写诗首先要获取灵感。下文“You can try free writing for 5 — 10 minutes, noting down daily feelings or random thoughts. Using prompts like “what wind feels like” or listing images linked to an emotional moment also works. Your surroundings and loved ones are great sources too — a walk in the neighborhood, a special talk with your parent, or a memory full of joy or sadness can all be topics. (你可以尝试自由写作5—10分钟，记下日常感受或随机想法。使用“风的感觉”或列出与情感时刻相关的图像等提示也有效。你周围的环境和所爱的人也是很好的来源——在附近散步、与父母的特别交谈，或者充满欢乐或悲伤的回忆都可以成为话题)”详细列举了多种收集灵感的具体方法。C选项“There are several simple ways to gather ideas for your poem. (有几种简单的方法可以为你的诗收集灵感)”既承接了上文关于找灵感的话题，又自然地引出了下文具体的方法介绍，符合题意。故选C。 9．上文“Next, pick a specific theme instead of a general one. (接下来，选择一个具体的主题而不是一个宽泛的主题)”强调了选择具体主题的重要性。A选项“It helps you focus your descriptions and avoid uncertainty. (它帮助你集中描述，避免不确定性)”进一步解释了选择具体主题的好处，即能够让描述更加聚焦，减少不确定性，使诗歌创作更有方向，与上文紧密相连，逻辑合理。故选A。 10．上文“Finally, choose a suitable poetic form. There are many forms like free verse, concrete, or haiku. (最后，选择一个合适的诗歌形式，有很多形式，如自由诗、具象诗或俳句)”说明了写诗需要选择合适的诗歌形式，并列举了一些常见形式。G选项“Different forms fit different themes — limericks (五行打油诗) for fun, sonnets for romance (不同的形式适合不同的主题——五行打油诗用于娱乐，十四行诗用于浪漫)”进一步阐述了不同诗歌形式与不同主题之间的匹配关系，是对上文选择诗歌形式这一话题的深入拓展，符合语境。故选G。 11．上文“When writing, use specific descriptions with the five senses — smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. This makes your poem vivid and easy for readers to imagine. (写作时，用嗅觉、味觉、触觉、视觉和听觉这五种感官进行具体描述，这会使你的诗生动形象，易于读者想象)”强调了运用五种感官进行具体描述能让诗歌更生动。E选项“Abstract words often can’t let readers feel the true picture of your poem. (抽象的词语往往不能让读者感受到你诗歌的真实画面)”从反面说明了抽象词语的不足，与上文运用具体描述形成对比，进一步强调了具体描述的重要性，逻辑连贯。故选E。 12．上文“Finally, revise boldly. (最后，大胆地修改)”指出写诗最后要大胆修改。D选项“Cut confusing lines and avoid keeping pretty but irrelevant ones. (删除令人困惑的句子，避免保留漂亮但不相关的句子)”具体说明了修改诗歌时的操作方法，即删除不好的句子，保留与主题相关的内容，是对上文大胆修改的具体阐释，符合语境。故选D。 八、完形填空 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦“地铁里的诗歌”项目的起源、落地与发展，该项目由诗歌爱好者提议、伦敦地铁批准推行，选诗兼顾各类口味，大获成功后地铁方提供更多支持，其诗歌海报虽全球展出，但最佳体验仍在伦敦地铁。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在乘坐伦敦地铁出行时读几句自己喜爱诗人的诗，会是一件令人愉悦的事。A. accurate准确的；B. pleasant令人愉悦的；C. amusing好笑的；D. complex复杂的。根据前文“a group of London-based poetry lovers”以及下文“to read a few lines by their favourite poets”可知，对于诗歌爱好者来说，阅读他们最喜欢的诗人的诗应是令人愉悦的事。故选B。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：伦敦地铁批准了这个建议。A. approved of批准；B. set aside搁置；C. put forward提出；D. learned about了解。根据后文“they agreed to pay the rest”可知，伦敦地铁方同意承担部分费用，说明其批准了该提议。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在找到赞助商支付一半费用后，他们同意支付剩余部分。A. lines行；B. costs费用；C. risks风险；D. spaces空间。根据后文“they agreed to pay the rest.”可推知，此处表示项目的费用分摊，赞助商支付一半费用。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，1986年1月，“地铁里的诗歌”项目在奥德维奇站启动。A. changed改变；B. repeated重复；C. cancelled取消；D. launched启动。根据前文“London Underground ____ the suggestion. After finding sponsors to cover half the ____ they agreed to pay the rest.”可知，此处指项目正式落地启动。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平常的站台标识突然有了文学气息。A. modern现代的；B. secret秘密的；C. usual平常的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“suddenly gained a literary touch”以及语境可知，是原本普通的站台标识因诗歌增添了新的气息。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当第一列印有诗歌的列车抵达时，乘客们上车，很快车厢里就充满了欢快的朗读音。A. combined结合；B. expanded扩大；C. arrived抵达；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“passengers boarded”以及常识可知，此处表示列车抵达，乘客上车。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当第一列印有诗歌的列车抵达时，乘客们上车，很快车厢里就充满了欢快的朗读音。A. serious严肃的；B. merry欢快的；C. quiet安静的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“Passengers enjoyed reading famous lines during their journeys,”可知，乘客们喜欢读诗歌，所以此处别是他们的声音是欢快的。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：乘客们喜欢在旅途中读著名的诗句，有时甚至试着在两站之间记住一首十四行诗。A. pretending假装；B. promising承诺；C. forgetting忘记；D. trying尝试。根据前文“enjoyed reading famous lines”可知，乘客喜爱这些诗句，因此会尝试去记忆。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：诗歌的选择经过精心挑选，以迎合所有的口味，包括来自英语世界的作品，特别关注与伦敦相关的诗歌。A. introduce介绍；B. suit迎合；C. record记录；D. check检查。根据后文“including works from around the English-speaking world”可知，选诗范围广，目的是迎合不同乘客的口味。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：诗歌的选择经过精心挑选，以迎合所有的口味，包括来自英语世界的作品，特别关注与伦敦相关的诗歌。A. focus关注；B. comment评论；C. research研究；D. pressure压力。根据前文“The selection was carefully made to ____ all tastes, including works from around the English-speaking world,”以及下文“on poems linked to London.”可知，选诗兼顾各类口味，并特别关注和伦敦相关的诗歌，a focus on为固定搭配，意为“关注……”。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目的成功证明了英国人对诗歌的热爱。A. problem问题；B. mistake错误；C. success成功；D. judgement判断。根据后文“Many wrote to ____ poems or express thanks. In 1989, London Underground promised to provide all advertising space free, increase the number of poems, update them ____, and cover production costs.”可知，许多人表示感谢，伦敦地铁方提供进一步支持，由此可推知，该项目取得了成功。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人写信来推荐诗歌或表达感谢。A. suggest推荐；B. sell售卖；C. hide隐藏；D. copy抄写。根据前文“The project’s ____ proved Britain’s love for poetry.”以及语境可知，项目大获成功，得到人们的认可，由此推知，会有人写信推荐诗歌，丰富项目内容。故选A。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：1989年，伦敦地铁承诺免费提供所有广告位，增加诗歌数量，定期更新诗歌，并承担制作成本。A. suddenly突然；B. immediately立刻；C. regularly定期地；D. completely完全地。根据前文“increase the number of poems”可知，地铁方对项目进行升级，结合语境，诗歌应是被定期更新以保持新鲜感。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管诗歌海报在全球展出，但体验它们的最佳方式仍然是买一张票，在伦敦地铁的列车上感受。A. displayed展出；B. composed创作；C. absorbed吸收；D. implied暗示。根据后文“worldwide”以及主语“posters of poems”可知，此处表示诗歌海报在全球范围内被展出。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管诗歌海报在全球展出，但体验它们的最佳方式仍然是买一张票，在伦敦地铁的列车上感受。A. create创造；B. compare对比；C. imagine想象；D. experience体验。根据后文“on a London Underground train for the price of a ticket”可知，是指在地铁的场景中亲身体验这些诗歌。故选D。 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 5 Period 1 Reading and Thinking分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1. 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.创作诗歌 __________________ 2.传达某种情感 __________________ 3.用词简练 __________________ 4.文学手法 __________________ 5.明喻和暗喻 __________________ 6.童谣；儿歌 __________________ 7.民歌 __________________ 8.故事情节 __________________ 9.易于学习和背诵 __________________ 10.清单诗 __________________ 11.由…… 组成 __________________ 12.五行诗 __________________ 13.俳句 __________________ 14.受…… 欢迎 __________________ 15.唐诗 __________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】 1.compose poetry 2.convey certain feelings 3.economical use of words 4.literary devices 5.similes and metaphors 6.nursery rhyme 7.folk song 8.storyline 9.be easy to learn and recite 10.list poem 11.be made up of / consist of 12.cinquain 13.haiku 14.be popular with 15.Tang poetry 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1.The poet used simple lines to ____________(传达) his deep love for nature in the poem. 2.Nursery rhymes are popular with kids because of their strong ____________(节奏) and catchy rhymes. 3.Haiku is a traditional Japanese poem with a fixed ____________(格式) of three lines. 4.The little boy can ____________(背诵) the classic nursery rhyme Hush, Little Baby fluently. 5.The haiku describes a ____________(精致的) butterfly resting on a flower branch. 6.The short poem conveys a complex ____________(情绪) of joy and sorrow. 7.The moving legend of the waiting wife was ____________(转变) into a famous Tang poem. 8.Even ____________(业余的) poetry lovers can write simple cinquains easily. 【答案】 1.convey 2. rhythm 3. format 4. recite 5. delicate 6. mood 7. transformed 8. amateur 三、用所给词块完成句子 从下方词块中选择合适的短语，并用其适当形式完成下列句子，每个词块仅用一次。 to one’s sorrow, a nursery rhyme, to the point, make sense, be made up of, in a good mood, in particular, beyond comprehension 1．The little girl is often heard to recite , “The little rabbit is so white.” 2． , all his belongings were destroyed in the earthquake. 3．He has strange ideas, and his motive is utterly . 4．I am fond of his literary works, and his dramas . 5．It doesn’t to argue with him because he is not reasonable. 6．In spite of all your talk, you never seem to come . 7．This collection three parts: poems, dramas and short stories. 8．Criticized by his teacher, he was not . 【答案】1．a nursery rhyme 2．To his sorrow 3．beyond comprehension 4．in particular 5．make sense 6．to the point 7．is made up of 8．in a good mood 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．人们创作诗歌有各种各样的原因，有的是为了讲述故事，有的是为了抒发情感。 There are various reasons why people ____________, some to tell stories and others to convey certain feelings. 2．诗歌的鲜明特点通常包括用词简练、生动的语言以及明喻和暗喻等文学手法。 The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include ____________, descriptive and vivid language, and literary devices such as similes and metaphors. 3．童谣通常是传统诗歌或民歌，节奏感强，很受孩子们的喜爱。 Nursery rhymes, which are usually traditional poems or ____________, have a strong rhythm and are popular with children. 4．清单诗围绕一个特定主题展开，句式灵活，部分清单诗会使用重复的短语。 List poems ____________ a particular theme, have a flexible line length, and some use repeated phrases. 5．五行诗由五行构成，业余诗歌爱好者可以轻松创作。 The cinquain, which ____________ five lines, is a simple poem that amateur poetry lovers can easily write. 6．俳句由三行共 17 个音节组成，很受英语作家的欢迎。 Haiku, which ____________ 17 syllables in three lines, is very popular with English writers. 7．许多唐诗被翻译成了英语，比如王建的这首经典作品。 A lot of ____________ has been translated into English, such as this classic work by Wang Jian. 8．有这么多不同的诗歌形式可供选择，你或许最终会想要创作自己的诗歌。 With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may ____________ write poems of your own. 【答案】 compose poetry 2. economical use of words 3. folk songs 4. develop a particular theme 5. is made up of 6. consists of 7. Tang poetry 8. eventually want to 五、语篇填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The reasons why people write poems are different and poets use many different forms 1 (express) themselves. Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes, 2 language has a strong rhythm. The poems are easy 3 (learn) and they always make small children 4 (delight). One of the 5 (simple) kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which has a flexible line length and repeated 6 (phrase), which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Another simple form of poem is the cinquain, which 7 (make) up of five lines. This kind of poem can convey a strong picture in just a few 8 (word). The Japanese haiku consists of 17 syllables and is very popular 9 English writers because it is easy to write. English speakers like Tang poems from China 10 particular and a lot of them have been translated into English. 【答案】 1．to express 2．whose 3．to learn 4．delighted 5．simplest 6．phrases 7．is made 8．words 9．with 10．in 六、阅读理解 A （25-26高三上·湖南·月考）POETRY CONTEST: FAMILY TRADITIONS! Are you a teen poet? Here’s a contest for you! In 100 words or less, tell us about your family traditions — in the style of a poem! A family tradition is any repeated practice that holds special meaning and strengthens the bonds between its members. Teen Ink wants to start the year off learning about your family traditions (e.g. Summer trips to the lake, listening to old songs with grandpa, decorating a Christmas tree together, Sunday pizza nights, etc.). You may even be published in the April 2026 issue of Teen Ink magazine! Deadline: January 31st, 2026 Guidelines: · Submissions should relate to the topic (Your Family Traditions). · Teen Ink will only consider entries by teens. · There is no limit to the number of pieces you can submit. · Submissions must be 100 words or less. · Be creative; test your limits; use your fantastic poet skills! Submissions: · Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to Teen Ink are automatically considered for the poetry contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. · To make sure your submissions are included in the contest, include “2026 Traditions Contest” in the first part of your submission’s title (e. g., 2026 Traditions Contest: Dinner at Granny’s). Prizes: · The winner and five honorable mentions will be featured in our digital magazine. 1．What is the main purpose of this announcement? A．To provide tips on writing poetry. B．To advertise the Teen Ink digital magazine. C．To explain the importance of family traditions. D．To invite teenage poets to participate in a contest. 2．Which of the following is limited in the contest? A．The age of a participant. B．The number of participants. C．The forms of family traditions. D．The number of pieces submitted. 3．What is the requirement for your submission? A．It must be about family traditions. B．It must be more than 100 words. C．The title must include your name. D．The title must be Dinner at Granny’s. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章面向青少年诗人征集以家庭传统为主题的短诗，说明了比赛主题、参赛要求、提交方式、截止日期以及奖项设置等内容。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Are you a teen poet? Here’s a contest for you! In 100 words or less, tell us about your family traditions — in the style of a poem!(你是青少年诗人吗？这里有一个比赛适合你！用诗歌的形式，在100词以内，向我们讲述你的家庭传统！)”可知，这则通知的主要目的是邀请青少年诗人参加比赛。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Guidelines部分中“Teen Ink will only consider entries by teens.(《青少年文墨》只接受青少年的参赛作品)”可知，比赛对参赛者的年龄有限制。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据Guidelines部分中“Submissions should relate to the topic (Your Family Traditions).(参赛作品需与主题(你的家庭传统)相关)”可知，参赛作品的要求是必须围绕家庭传统展开。故选A。    B （25-26高一下·湖南长沙·月考）Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive (互相排斥) career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The gap between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 4．What is the purpose of mentioning the famous people in paragraph 1? A．To display they were talented. B．To confirm they were out of favor. C．To encourage different career paths. D．To show poetry and science can be combined. 5．What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do? A．Promote a new science-poetry journal. B．Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C．Encourage science communication through poems. D．Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 6．What does Illingworth think of the present ways of science communication? A．Complex. B．Creative. C．Effective. D．Traditional 7．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Take on Poetry B．Scientists and Poets Think Alike C．Poetry: A Great Tool to Question the World D．Science Communication: A Two-way Dialogue 【答案】4．D 5．C 6．D 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. (数学家Ada Lovelace和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell都是颇有造诣的诗人。诗人John Keats是一名有执照的外科医生。在19世纪，将这两种实践结合起来就不再受欢迎了。)”可推知，如今人们常认为诗歌与科学互不相容，但历史上多位名人同时精通二者，提及他们是为了证明诗歌与科学是可以结合的。故选D项。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. (通过研讨会和一本名为《Consilience》的新科学诗歌杂志，Illingworth正在帮助科学家们将他们的最新成果转化为诗歌，以吸引科学领域以外的人的欣赏。)”可知，Illingworth的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学传播。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks current science communication initiatives rely too often on public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. (Illingworth也认同这一观点，他认为目前的科学传播活动往往过于依赖公开讲座和缺乏互动的PPT幻灯片。)”可推知，Illingworth认为现在的科学传播方式过于传统。故选D项。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is reappearing among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. (但是，当科学家们寻找用他们的发现来启发他人的替代方法时，将研究转化为歌词、俳句和其他诗歌形式的现象再次出现在科学家之中。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了如今科学家们正尝试将科学研究转化为诗歌等诗意形式，以寻求用研究成果启发他人的新途径，同时阐述了诗歌在科学传播中的作用和意义，A项“Scientists Take on Poetry (科学家开始写诗)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 七、七选五 （2026·云南昭通·模拟预测）How to Write a Poem Writing a poem means observing the world around you or your inner thoughts. It can deal with any topic, from love to the memory of an old place. Though writing poetry may seem difficult if you don’t have creative ideas, you can make a wonderful poem with proper inspiration and simple methods. How to Start Writing Poetry The first step is to find inspiration. 8 . You can try free writing for 5 — 10 minutes, noting down daily feelings or random thoughts. Using prompts like “what wind feels like” or listing images linked to an emotional moment also works. Your surroundings and loved ones are great sources too — a walk in the neighborhood, a special talk with your parent, or a memory full of joy or sadness can all be topics. Next, pick a specific theme instead of a general one. 9 . For example, “missing my hometown in winter” is better than just “missing home” as it can give your poem a clear goal or objective. Finally, choose a suitable poetic form. There are many forms like free verse, concrete, or haiku. 10 . You can pick an easy one to keep it simple or a challenging one to practice your skills. Writing the Poem When writing, use specific descriptions with the five senses — smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. This makes your poem vivid and easy for readers to imagine. 11 . Adding literary skills like metaphors, similes, or personification can also make your poem more interesting. Besides, write for the ear to ensure smooth flow when read aloud and avoid overused expressions to keep it unique. Polishing the Poem After finishing the first draft, read your poem aloud. Mark any lines that sound awkward and adjust them. Sharing it with friends or teachers for feedback helps too. Their suggestions can help you improve. Finally, revise boldly. 12 , and ensure every line serves the poem’s theme. With these steps, your poem will become more polished and enjoyable. A．It helps you focus your descriptions and avoid uncertainty B．Add more beautiful phrases to enrich the poem’s language C．There are several simple ways to gather ideas for your poem D．Cut confusing lines and avoid keeping pretty but irrelevant ones E．Abstract words often can’t let readers feel the true picture of your poem F．Literary devices like metaphors and similes are common in famous poems G．Different forms fit different themes — limericks (五行打油诗) for fun, sonnets for romance 【答案】8．C 9．A 10．G 11．E 12．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了写诗从找灵感、选主题、挑形式到创作、润色的具体步骤与方法。 8．上文“The first step is to find inspiration. (写诗的第一步是找到灵感)”明确指出写诗首先要获取灵感。下文“You can try free writing for 5 — 10 minutes, noting down daily feelings or random thoughts. Using prompts like “what wind feels like” or listing images linked to an emotional moment also works. Your surroundings and loved ones are great sources too — a walk in the neighborhood, a special talk with your parent, or a memory full of joy or sadness can all be topics. (你可以尝试自由写作5—10分钟，记下日常感受或随机想法。使用“风的感觉”或列出与情感时刻相关的图像等提示也有效。你周围的环境和所爱的人也是很好的来源——在附近散步、与父母的特别交谈，或者充满欢乐或悲伤的回忆都可以成为话题)”详细列举了多种收集灵感的具体方法。C选项“There are several simple ways to gather ideas for your poem. (有几种简单的方法可以为你的诗收集灵感)”既承接了上文关于找灵感的话题，又自然地引出了下文具体的方法介绍，符合题意。故选C。 9．上文“Next, pick a specific theme instead of a general one. (接下来，选择一个具体的主题而不是一个宽泛的主题)”强调了选择具体主题的重要性。A选项“It helps you focus your descriptions and avoid uncertainty. (它帮助你集中描述，避免不确定性)”进一步解释了选择具体主题的好处，即能够让描述更加聚焦，减少不确定性，使诗歌创作更有方向，与上文紧密相连，逻辑合理。故选A。 10．上文“Finally, choose a suitable poetic form. There are many forms like free verse, concrete, or haiku. (最后，选择一个合适的诗歌形式，有很多形式，如自由诗、具象诗或俳句)”说明了写诗需要选择合适的诗歌形式，并列举了一些常见形式。G选项“Different forms fit different themes — limericks (五行打油诗) for fun, sonnets for romance (不同的形式适合不同的主题——五行打油诗用于娱乐，十四行诗用于浪漫)”进一步阐述了不同诗歌形式与不同主题之间的匹配关系，是对上文选择诗歌形式这一话题的深入拓展，符合语境。故选G。 11．上文“When writing, use specific descriptions with the five senses — smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. This makes your poem vivid and easy for readers to imagine. (写作时，用嗅觉、味觉、触觉、视觉和听觉这五种感官进行具体描述，这会使你的诗生动形象，易于读者想象)”强调了运用五种感官进行具体描述能让诗歌更生动。E选项“Abstract words often can’t let readers feel the true picture of your poem. (抽象的词语往往不能让读者感受到你诗歌的真实画面)”从反面说明了抽象词语的不足，与上文运用具体描述形成对比，进一步强调了具体描述的重要性，逻辑连贯。故选E。 12．上文“Finally, revise boldly. (最后，大胆地修改)”指出写诗最后要大胆修改。D选项“Cut confusing lines and avoid keeping pretty but irrelevant ones. (删除令人困惑的句子，避免保留漂亮但不相关的句子)”具体说明了修改诗歌时的操作方法，即删除不好的句子，保留与主题相关的内容，是对上文大胆修改的具体阐释，符合语境。故选D。 八、完形填空 Anyone addicted to reading bus tickets will understand the appeal of Poems on the Underground. Some years ago, a group of London-based poetry lovers had an idea: it would be 1 to read a few lines by their favourite poets as they travelled around by underground. London Underground 2 the suggestion. After finding sponsors to cover half the 3 they agreed to pay the rest. Thus, in January 1986, Poems on the Underground was 4 at Aldwych station. The 5 platform signs suddenly gained a literary touch. When the first train carrying poems 6 , passengers boarded and soon 7 voices filled the carriages, reading lines aloud. The poems gained new life when placed beside ads. Passengers enjoyed reading famous lines during their journeys, sometimes even 8 to memorize a sonnet between stops. The selection was carefully made to 9 all tastes, including works from around the English-speaking world, with a special 10 on poems linked to London. The project’s 11 proved Britain’s love for poetry. Many wrote to 12 poems or express thanks. In 1989, London Underground promised to provide all advertising space free, increase the number of poems, update them 13 , and cover production costs. Though posters of poems are 14 worldwide, the best way to 15 them is still on a London Underground train for the price of a ticket. 1．A．accurate B．pleasant C．amusing D．complex 2．A．approved of B．set aside C．put forward D．learned about 3．A．lines B．costs C．risks D．spaces 4．A．changed B．repeated C．cancelled D．launched 5．A．modern B．secret C．usual D．strange 6．A．combined B．expanded C．arrived D．disappeared 7．A．serious B．merry C．quiet D．nervous 8．A．pretending B．promising C．forgetting D．trying 9．A．introduce B．suit C．record D．check 10．A．focus B．comment C．research D．pressure 11．A．problem B．mistake C．success D．judgement 12．A．suggest B．sell C．hide D．copy 13．A．suddenly B．immediately C．regularly D．completely 14．A．displayed B．composed C．absorbed D．implied 15．A．create B．compare C．imagine D．experience 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦“地铁里的诗歌”项目的起源、落地与发展，该项目由诗歌爱好者提议、伦敦地铁批准推行，选诗兼顾各类口味，大获成功后地铁方提供更多支持，其诗歌海报虽全球展出，但最佳体验仍在伦敦地铁。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在乘坐伦敦地铁出行时读几句自己喜爱诗人的诗，会是一件令人愉悦的事。A. accurate准确的；B. pleasant令人愉悦的；C. amusing好笑的；D. complex复杂的。根据前文“a group of London-based poetry lovers”以及下文“to read a few lines by their favourite poets”可知，对于诗歌爱好者来说，阅读他们最喜欢的诗人的诗应是令人愉悦的事。故选B。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：伦敦地铁批准了这个建议。A. approved of批准；B. set aside搁置；C. put forward提出；D. learned about了解。根据后文“they agreed to pay the rest”可知，伦敦地铁方同意承担部分费用，说明其批准了该提议。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在找到赞助商支付一半费用后，他们同意支付剩余部分。A. lines行；B. costs费用；C. risks风险；D. spaces空间。根据后文“they agreed to pay the rest.”可推知，此处表示项目的费用分摊，赞助商支付一半费用。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，1986年1月，“地铁里的诗歌”项目在奥德维奇站启动。A. changed改变；B. repeated重复；C. cancelled取消；D. launched启动。根据前文“London Underground ____ the suggestion. After finding sponsors to cover half the ____ they agreed to pay the rest.”可知，此处指项目正式落地启动。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：平常的站台标识突然有了文学气息。A. modern现代的；B. secret秘密的；C. usual平常的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“suddenly gained a literary touch”以及语境可知，是原本普通的站台标识因诗歌增添了新的气息。故选C。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当第一列印有诗歌的列车抵达时，乘客们上车，很快车厢里就充满了欢快的朗读音。A. combined结合；B. expanded扩大；C. arrived抵达；D. disappeared消失。根据后文“passengers boarded”以及常识可知，此处表示列车抵达，乘客上车。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当第一列印有诗歌的列车抵达时，乘客们上车，很快车厢里就充满了欢快的朗读音。A. serious严肃的；B. merry欢快的；C. quiet安静的；D. nervous紧张的。根据下文“Passengers enjoyed reading famous lines during their journeys,”可知，乘客们喜欢读诗歌，所以此处别是他们的声音是欢快的。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：乘客们喜欢在旅途中读著名的诗句，有时甚至试着在两站之间记住一首十四行诗。A. pretending假装；B. promising承诺；C. forgetting忘记；D. trying尝试。根据前文“enjoyed reading famous lines”可知，乘客喜爱这些诗句，因此会尝试去记忆。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：诗歌的选择经过精心挑选，以迎合所有的口味，包括来自英语世界的作品，特别关注与伦敦相关的诗歌。A. introduce介绍；B. suit迎合；C. record记录；D. check检查。根据后文“including works from around the English-speaking world”可知，选诗范围广，目的是迎合不同乘客的口味。故选B。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：诗歌的选择经过精心挑选，以迎合所有的口味，包括来自英语世界的作品，特别关注与伦敦相关的诗歌。A. focus关注；B. comment评论；C. research研究；D. pressure压力。根据前文“The selection was carefully made to ____ all tastes, including works from around the English-speaking world,”以及下文“on poems linked to London.”可知，选诗兼顾各类口味，并特别关注和伦敦相关的诗歌，a focus on为固定搭配，意为“关注……”。故选A。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个项目的成功证明了英国人对诗歌的热爱。A. problem问题；B. mistake错误；C. success成功；D. judgement判断。根据后文“Many wrote to ____ poems or express thanks. In 1989, London Underground promised to provide all advertising space free, increase the number of poems, update them ____, and cover production costs.”可知，许多人表示感谢，伦敦地铁方提供进一步支持，由此可推知，该项目取得了成功。故选C。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人写信来推荐诗歌或表达感谢。A. suggest推荐；B. sell售卖；C. hide隐藏；D. copy抄写。根据前文“The project’s ____ proved Britain’s love for poetry.”以及语境可知，项目大获成功，得到人们的认可，由此推知，会有人写信推荐诗歌，丰富项目内容。故选A。 13．考查副词词义辨析。句意：1989年，伦敦地铁承诺免费提供所有广告位，增加诗歌数量，定期更新诗歌，并承担制作成本。A. suddenly突然；B. immediately立刻；C. regularly定期地；D. completely完全地。根据前文“increase the number of poems”可知，地铁方对项目进行升级，结合语境，诗歌应是被定期更新以保持新鲜感。故选C。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管诗歌海报在全球展出，但体验它们的最佳方式仍然是买一张票，在伦敦地铁的列车上感受。A. displayed展出；B. composed创作；C. absorbed吸收；D. implied暗示。根据后文“worldwide”以及主语“posters of poems”可知，此处表示诗歌海报在全球范围内被展出。故选A。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管诗歌海报在全球展出，但体验它们的最佳方式仍然是买一张票，在伦敦地铁的列车上感受。A. create创造；B. compare对比；C. imagine想象；D. experience体验。根据后文“on a London Underground train for the price of a ticket”可知，是指在地铁的场景中亲身体验这些诗歌。故选D。 $