Unit 3 What makes a great team (Starting out & Understanding ideas & Grammar)（导学案）英语新教材外研版八年级下册

Unit 3 What makes a great team? Starting out & Understanding ideas & Grammar 1. 掌握Unit 3 Starting out & Understanding ideas & Grammar部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词：honour, director, drama, leader, role, freeze, silence, awful, advise, yours, teamwork, strength, weakness, vote, suggestion, meeting, captain, shy, confidence, achieve, disagreement, suitable, decision, talent · 短语：give out, storm off, take responsibility, find out, deal with, feel like, expect to, in times of, do a good job, on one’s own · 句型：(1) What if ...? (2) You should ... (3) You don’t have to ... (4) Why not ...? 2. 掌握情态动词should, don’t have to的用法。 一、单词填空 1. It’s a great __________（荣幸）for me to give a speech here today. 2. My favourite actress played the __________（角色）of a policewoman in the movie. 3. I don’t know how to __________（处理）these old books. 4. There was a long __________ (silent) before she spoke. 5. The weather is __________ (freeze) cold today. 6. A good __________ (lead) listens to the team and makes fair decisions. 二、翻译 1．人们在危险时需要勇气。（in times of） 2．不要期望别人解决你的问题。（expect to） 3．你能查一下会议什么时候开始吗？（find out） 4．你应该学会独立思考。（on one’s own） 5．我们必须学会应对压力。（deal with） 第一部分 Starting out & Understanding ideas 【知识梳理1】But a problem appeared during the very first task — giving out the roles. give out 分配，分发 与give有关的其他短语：放弃，戒掉__________ 屈服，投降__________ 发放，用完__________ 赠送，泄密__________ 归还__________ 发出（光、热、气味）__________ 【即时练习】 1. The old man decided to _______ all his money to charity. A. give back B. give away C. give out D. give in 2. The fire _______ a lot of heat and light. A. gave in B. gave up C. gave off D. gave out 3. 导演决定根据每位演员的能力分配角色。（翻译句子） _______________________________________________________ 【知识梳理2】Everyone looked at me and expected me to decide. But I just froze. freeze 动词 突然停止；呆住 过去式是___________ 过去分词是___________ 形容词 极冷的___________ 结冰的；冷冻的___________ 常用搭配：冻死___________ 冰冷___________ 听到身后奇怪的声音，他突然呆住了。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________________________ 【即时练习】 1. The lake ______ (freeze) in winter. 2. It’s ______ (freeze) cold today. 3. 当我叫他的名字时，他愣了一下，然后才转过身来。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________________________ 【知识梳理3】But what if I was wrong? what if + 陈述句? “如果……会怎样？/ 要是……怎么办？”（用来假设情况、表达担心、提问后果） 注意： 1. what if ≠ what will happen if（意思一样，但what if更口语） 2. what if不是疑问句语序 × What if will he come? √ What if he comes? 3. What if 后面用一般现在时表将来 如果我们找不到这家餐厅怎么办？（翻译句子） _______________________________________________________________ 【即时练习】 1.What if he ______ late for the meeting? A. be B. will be C. is 2. ______ we try once more? Maybe it will work. A. What if B. As if C. Even if 3. 如果她拒绝我们的请求怎么办？（翻译句子） _______________________________________________________________ 【知识梳理4】My silence made Lisa angry. 1. 结构：make + 宾语 + 动词原形（不带to） （用于主动语态） 含义：使/让某人做某事 他讲的笑话使我们都大笑起来。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________ 2. 结构：be made + to do sth.（被动必须加 to） （用于被动语态） 含义：被迫/被要求做某事 我们被要求按时完成作业。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________ 【即时练习】 1. The boss made him ______ all night. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 2. He was made ______ the truth. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 3. My dad often makes me _________ (exercise) in the morning. 4. 什么让你改变主意？（翻译句子） ___________________________________________ 【知识梳理5】“I’m out!” she shouted and stormed off. storm off 气冲冲地离开；愤然离去 同义短语：______________ ______________ 他很生气，一言不发地愤然离开了。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________ 【即时练习】 1. He was so mad at his friend’s lie that he ______ of the house, slamming the door loudly. A. sat down B. walked slowly C. came back D. stormed out 2. He didn’t agree with the decision, so he ______ in a huff and refused to discuss it further. A. left B. stormed off C. flounced off D. stomped off 3. 她不想争论，就气冲冲地走了。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________ 【知识梳理6】So the leader should take responsibility in times of disagreement. responsibility 名词 责任 形容词 负责任的___________ 形容词 不负责任的___________ 固定搭配：对（做）某事负责___________________ 对……负责___________________ 每个人都必须为自己的行为负责。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________________________ 【即时练习】 1. You are ______ for your own actions. A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly 2. He failed the task because he didn’t take his ______ seriously. A. responsible B. responsibilities C. responsibly 3. She has a strong sense of ____________ (responsible). 4.父母应该对孩子的安全负责。（翻译句子） _______________________________________ 【知识梳理7】What are her strengths and weaknesses? strength 名词 优点；长处 名词复数形式是__________ 动词 加强；增强__________ 形容词形式是__________ 副词形式是__________ weakness 名词 缺点；不足 名词复数形式是__________ 动词 变弱；削弱__________ 形容词形式是__________ 副词形式是__________ 短语： 发挥优势_______________ 克服缺点_______________ 对……的偏爱/嗜好_______________ 【即时练习】 1. Everyone has their own ____ and weaknesses. A. strength B. strengths C. strengthen D. strong 2. He has a ____ for sweet food. A. strong B. strength C. weakness D. weaken 3. His __________ (weak) in math made him worried. 4. 他最大的优点是诚实。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________________________ 第二部分 Grammar 情态动词的用法（1） 【知识梳理1】情态动词的核心概念 情态动词（Modal Verbs） 是一类用来表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度、语气或情绪的动词，它们不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词原形一起构成谓语。简单来说，情态动词的核心作用是“表达语气”，而不是单纯描述“做了什么”。 1. 核心特点： （1）无人称和数的变化。无论主语是 I/you/he/they，情态动词形式不变（不用加 s/es）。 √ He can swim. × He cans swim. 后接动词原形： （2）情态动词后面必须跟动词原形，不能跟 to do、doing 或过去式。 √ I must go. × I must to go. （3）没有不定式和分词形式。 2. 常见情态动词 can / could（能够、可以） may / might（可能、可以、祝愿） must（必须、一定） should（应该） will / would（将要、愿意） shall（多用于第一人称，表将来/建议） need（需要，可作情态动词也可作实义动词） dare（敢，可作情态动词也可作实义动词） 3. 主要用法 （1）表示能力：can, could 例：I can speak English. （2）表示许可：can, may, could 例：You may leave now. （3）表示义务/必须：must, should, have to（have to 更偏向“不得不”） 例：You must study hard. （4）表示推测：may/might（可能），must（一定） 例：He may be at home. It must be raining. （5）表示意愿/将来：will, would 例：I will help you. 【即时练习】 1. - Do you know whose hat it is, Tom? - It _____ be Eric’s because I gave it to him as his birthday gift. A. must B. should C. need D. will 2. Our team leader suggested that we _____ work together and share our ideas freely. A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 3. When we go out, we should take some warm coats.（就划线部分提问） _____ _____ we _____ when we go out? 【知识梳理2】should的用法 情态动词should无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，主要表达建议、劝告、推测、义务/责任等含义，语气比must委婉。 1. 表示建议、劝告 用于给他人提建议、给出合理的做法，是日常使用最频繁的场景。 肯定句：You should drink more water when you have a cold. 感冒时你应该多喝水。 否定句：You shouldn’t stay up late every day. 你不应该每天熬夜。 疑问句：Should I take an umbrella with me? 我应该带把伞吗？ 2. 表示推测、可能性 根据已知信息做出合理的推测，语气不确定，常译为“应该会、大概”，多用于肯定句。 He should arrive at the station soon. 他应该很快就到车站了。 This task should be easy for her. 这项任务对她来说应该不难。 3. 表示义务、责任 强调道义上的责任，比must弱，比have to更侧重主观意愿。 We should respect the elderly. 我们应该尊重老人。 She should finish her homework before watching TV. 她应该先写完作业再看电视。 【即时练习】 1. We ______ keep our classroom clean every day. A. should B. have to C. mustn’t D. would 2. You ______ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. A. should B. need C. shouldn’t D. have to 3. She should take some medicine.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ any medicine? 【知识梳理3】have to 和don’t have to的用法 have to是情态性短语，表达客观上的必要性、强制要求，强调“不得不做”，受客观条件限制，而非主观意愿。 1. 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + have to/has to/had to + 动词原形 + 其他 一般现在时：第三人称单数用 has to，其他人称用 have to 一般过去时：所有人称用 had to 将来时：will have to 否定句：主语 + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t + have to + 动词原形（不必做） 疑问句：Do/Does/Did + 主语 + have to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 2. 具体用法 （1）表示客观上的“必须、不得不”：因客观规则、环境、条件等原因，被迫做某事，区别于 must（主观上的必须）。 客观规则：Students have to wear school uniforms at school. 学生在学校必须穿校服。 客观条件：I have to go now because my mom is waiting for me. 我现在得走了，因为我妈妈在等我。 过去客观：He had to stay at home yesterday because of the heavy rain. 昨天因为大雨，他不得不待在家里。 （2）否定形式：don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to 表示“不必做”，相当于 needn’t，区别于 mustn’t（禁止做）。 You don’t have to finish the work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作。 She didn’t have to get up early this morning. 她今天早上不必早起。 【即时练习】 1. He has to clean his room today.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ ______ clean his room today. 2. She has to practice the piano every day.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ______ she ______ to practice the piano every day? ______, she ______. 3. 他们今天不得不步行回家，因为公交车停运了。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________________ 【知识梳理4】should和have to的区别 对比维度 should have to 核心含义 建议、劝告、主观推测、道义责任 客观必要性、被迫做某事 语气 委婉、主观 客观、强制，语气较强 时态变化 无时态变化（情态动词） 有时态变化（have/has/had to） 否定含义 不应该做（shouldn’t） 不必做（don’t have to） 例句对比 You should exercise more. 你应该多运动。 You have to exercise more because of the doctor’s advice. 因为医生的建议，你不得不多运动。 注意：should 侧重“主观建议/应该”，have to 侧重“客观不得不”，二者是情态动词中表达“必要性”的核心区分点。 【即时练习】 1. —I have a toothache. —You ______ see a dentist at once. A. have to B. should C. can’t D. may not 2. —Why are you in a hurry? —Because I ______ catch the last bus. A. have to B. should C. mustn’t D. need 3. 你应该多做运动来保持健康。（翻译句子） ______________________________________________________ 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My idea is quite different from __________ (you), but both could work. 2. Ms White gave Tony some good __________ (suggest) about working with his team. 3. Although there are many __________ (difficult), we will never give up. 4. We had a __________ (disagree) over which movie to watch. 5. We need to find a __________ (suit) person for the job. 6. I have enough __________ (confident) to solve this problem. 二、单词拼写 7. Li Hua directed a _________（戏剧）about Journey to the West in the school successfully. 8. The weather was _________（糟糕的）yesterday. We couldn’t go out. 9. We finished the work quickly because of good _________（团队协作）. 10. Now it’s time for us to _________（投票）for the best singer! 11. Lisa and Elbert are getting ready for the coming _________（天赋）show next week. 12. The little girl is very _________（害羞的）in front of strangers. 13. Within weeks, his _________（信心）had spread throughout the team. 14. We had a meeting and gave out all the _________（角色）for this performance. 15. _________（实际上），I didn’t quite agree with him. 16. All the volunteers are _________（愿意）to devote their time to helping the elderly in the community. 一、词汇运用 1. It’s not easy to deal with _________ (fail). 2. After a heated discussion, they finally made a _________ (decide) to solve the problem together. 3. Tony has _________ (do) a job and we are all proud of him. 4. Don’t worry, Mum! I am old enough to do it on my _________（自己）. 5. We _________（冲出）out of the classroom to see what happened. 6. This app is very _________（有帮助的）and many young people like using it. 7. As we know, sometimes good teamwork is hard to _________（获得）. 8. What i_________ she refused us to enter the competition? 9. Mike was very angry and stormed o_________. 10. Hearing the exciting news, the w_________ class cheered. 二、单项选择 11. You _____ be too nervous. Just relax and be brave enough to show yourself. A. might not B. mustn’t C. should D. don’t have to 12. Don’t just stand there in ______; give me your ______ on this plan. A. silence; suggestion B. shock; weakness C. freeze; talent D. order; decision 13. She used to be very ______ and lacked ______ when speaking in public. A. shy; strength B. awful; confidence C. shy; confidence D. silent; responsibility 14. I really had an ______ day. Nothing went right. A. good B. awful C. nice D. terrible 15. Knowing your ____ can help you improve. A. weakness B. weaknesses C. weak D. weaken 三、完形填空 Ms. Perkins used to get angry easily. She had three children and they often made trouble for her. One morning, her eldest son hurried back home. “Mom, I lost my wallet by accident.” He felt sorry, but to his 16 , Ms. Perkins said, “Just take mine. Be careful next time.” At noon, her daughter came home and said, “Mom, I broke my new bike.” She was afraid that her mother would get angry. However, Ms. Perkins said, “OK. Take it to the bike shop and get it 17 tomorrow.” In the evening, her little son returned with his head 18 , “Mom, I didn’t pass my exam.” He thought Ms. Perkins would 19 him. Instead, she just said, “I know the schoolwork is difficult. But you need to work harder, 20 you will have to repeat the semester (留级).” It was 21 that Ms. Perkins stayed calm (冷静的) when she heard about their problems. Everyone was worried. They went to ask her, “Why are you acting so differently, Mom?” Ms. Perkins smiled and replied, “It took me a long time to realize that my worry and 22 can’t solve your problems. I can give you 23 if you ask, but you need to make your own decisions. Once the decisions are made, 24 the results are, you must face them. My job is to love you, support you and encourage you. I should remain calm and let each of you 25 yourselves to deal with your problems.” Hearing that, the three children decided to take responsibility (负责) for their own lives from then on. 16．A．surprise B．shame C．regret D．sadness 17．A．completed B．connected C．sold D．fixed 18．A．back B．up C．down D．forward 19．A．protect B．punish C．polish D．produce 20．A．since B．while C．so D．or 21．A．unusual B．common C．direct D．impolite 22．A．pleasure B．safety C．stress D．pride 23．A．chances B．fields C．projects D．suggestions 24．A．whenever B．whatever C．whoever D．whether 25．A．depend on B．turn down C．take after D．check out 四、阅读理解 Once there was a manager (经理) who had a team of around 40 hard-working members. Everything seemed great. But one thing worried him: the group had a hard time communicating (交流) and sharing information with each other. Then one day, the manager had an idea. He decided to take his group to play games together, and he prepared 3 rounds (轮次) of games carefully. During the first round, the manager told everyone to blow a balloon and write their names without breaking it. And soon the team members did it successfully. After that, the manager told them to wait outside for the next round. When they went into the room again, they saw many more balloons without names around the room. The manager told them to look for the balloon with his or her name on it. The first to bring him the balloon would win, while those who broke the balloon would be out of the game. 15 minutes passed and no one was able to find his balloon, and then the manager decided to go on to the third round. For the third round, the manager told his group to pick any balloon from the room and give it to the person whose name was on it. Within just a few minutes, everyone had his balloon with his own name. The manager was very happy and discussed with his group about the reason why they didn’t find their balloons in the second round. That was because everyone paid too much attention (注意力) to his own target (目标). However, in just a short time, they could make it in the third round because of the power of teamwork and sharing with each other. 26．What worried the manager about his group in Paragraph 1? A．Everything was great. B．They weren’t hard-working. C．They could blow balloons better. D．They couldn’t communicate with each other well. 27．What did the manager ask them to do in the first round? A．To share their information. B．To find out their own balloons. C．To give the balloons to the manager. D．To blow the balloons and write their names. 28．Why did the team fail (失败) in the second round? A．Some of them broke the balloons. B．Each only cared about his own balloon. C．Only three of them found the balloons. D．None of the balloons had names on them. 29．What’s the manager’s purpose (目的) in preparing the games? A．To find out the most talented members. B．To free the team from the stress (压力) in their work. C．To remind (提醒) the team that teamwork was important. D．To encourage (鼓励) the team members to work harder. 30．What kind of person is the manager? A．Smart. B．Strict. C．Outgoing. D．Hard-working. 五、补全对话 根据对话内容，在空白处写出恰当的句子，使对话意思连贯完整。所写句子应与所给的标点符号一致。 (Li Ming and Steven are talking about the argument between Steven and his best friend.) Li Ming: Hey, Steven, you look sad. Is everything okay? Steven: Not really, Li Ming. I had a big argument with David. Li Ming: Oh, no. I’m sorry to hear that. 31 ? Steven: Last Friday afternoon. Li Ming: 32 ? Steven: Because of a science project. We had different ideas, I thought my idea was better, but he refused to give up his idea. We both got very angry. Li Ming: 33 ? Steven: No, I haven’t found a way to make up with him. Now I feel bad but I don’t know what to do. Li Ming: I can give you some advice. First, it’s important to cool down. When you are not angry, you can think more clearly. Steven: 34 . I was too mad at that time. What should I do next? Li Ming: Choose a quiet time and place. Start by saying you’re sorry for the argument, and then discuss to combine the best parts of your ideas! Steven: That’s really helpful advice. Can I talk to him right away or in a few days? Li Ming: 35 . Don’t put off this problem for a few days. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 What makes a great team? Starting out & Understanding ideas & Grammar 1. 掌握Unit 3 Starting out & Understanding ideas & Grammar部分的重点单词、短语和句型； · 单词：honour, director, drama, leader, role, freeze, silence, awful, advise, yours, teamwork, strength, weakness, vote, suggestion, meeting, captain, shy, confidence, achieve, disagreement, suitable, decision, talent · 短语：give out, storm off, take responsibility, find out, deal with, feel like, expect to, in times of, do a good job, on one’s own · 句型：(1) What if ...? (2) You should ... (3) You don’t have to ... (4) Why not ...? 2. 掌握情态动词should, don’t have to的用法。 一、单词填空 1. It’s a great __________（荣幸）for me to give a speech here today. 2. My favourite actress played the __________（角色）of a policewoman in the movie. 3. I don’t know how to __________（处理）these old books. 4. There was a long __________ (silent) before she spoke. 5. The weather is __________ (freeze) cold today. 6. A good __________ (lead) listens to the team and makes fair decisions. 【答案】1. honour 2. role 3. deal 4. silence 5. freezing 6. leader 【解析】 1. 形容词 great 后需要接名词，“荣幸”对应的英文名词是 honour，固定句型 It’s a great honour for sb. to do sth. 表示“做某事对某人来说是极大的荣幸”。故填 honour。 2. 定冠词 the 后接名词，“角色”的英文是 role，固定搭配 play the role of… 意为“扮演……的角色”。故填 role。 3. how to 后接动词原形构成“疑问词+不定式”结构，“处理”的英文是 deal，固定搭配 deal with 表示“处理”。故填 deal。 4. 形容词 long 修饰名词，silent 是形容词，意为“沉默的”，其名词形式是 silence，表示“沉默”。故填 silence。 5. 此处需要用形容词修饰形容词 cold，freeze 是动词，意为“结冰”，其形容词形式 freezing 表示“极冷的”，freezing cold 为固定搭配，意为“严寒”。故填 freezing。 6. 形容词 good 后接名词，lead 是动词，意为“领导”，其表示“领导者”的名词形式是 leader。故填 leader。 二、翻译 1．人们在危险时需要勇气。（in times of） 2．不要期望别人解决你的问题。（expect to） 3．你能查一下会议什么时候开始吗？（find out） 4．你应该学会独立思考。（on one’s own） 5．我们必须学会应对压力。（deal with） 【答案】1．People need courage in times of danger. 2. Don’t expect others to solve your problems. 3. Can you find out when the meeting starts? 4. You should learn to think on your own. 5. We must learn to deal with stress. 【解析】 1. in times of为固定短语，意为“在……的时候；在……时期”，后接名词；“危险”用名词danger，句子为一般现在时，主语People为复数，谓语动词用原形need。故答案为 People need courage in times of danger. 2. expect sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“期望某人做某事”；本句为否定祈使句，用“Don’t + 动词原形”开头；“解决你的问题”译为solve your problems。故答案为 Don’t expect others to solve your problems. 3. find out意为“查明；弄清楚”，后可接宾语从句；宾语从句要用陈述语序，“会议什么时候开始”用when the meeting starts；句子为委婉请求的一般疑问句，用“Can you ...”开头。故答案为 Can you find out when the meeting starts? 4. learn to do sth.表示“学会做某事”；“独立思考”是think on your own，on one’s own为固定短语，意为“独自；独立地”，此处主语是you，one’s 用your。故答案为 You should learn to think on your own. 5. deal with是固定短语，意为“应对；处理”；learn to do sth.表示“学会做某事”；“压力”用不可数名词stress；must为情态动词，后接动词原形learn。故答案为 We must learn to deal with stress. 第一部分 Starting out & Understanding ideas 【知识梳理1】But a problem appeared during the very first task — giving out the roles. give out 分配，分发 与give有关的其他短语：放弃，戒掉__________ 屈服，投降__________ 发放，用完__________ 赠送，泄密__________ 归还__________ 发出（光、热、气味）__________ 【答案】give up give in give out give away give back give off 【即时练习】 1. The old man decided to _______ all his money to charity. A. give back B. give away C. give out D. give in 2. The fire _______ a lot of heat and light. A. gave in B. gave up C. gave off D. gave out 3. 导演决定根据每位演员的能力分配角色。（翻译句子） _______________________________________________________ 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. The director decided to give out the roles according to each actor’s ability. 【知识梳理2】Everyone looked at me and expected me to decide. But I just froze. freeze 动词 突然停止；呆住 过去式是___________ 过去分词是___________ 形容词 极冷的___________ 结冰的；冷冻的___________ 常用搭配：冻死___________ 冰冷___________ 听到身后奇怪的声音，他突然呆住了。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________________________ 【答案】froze frozen freezing frozen freeze to death freezing cold He froze when he heard the strange noise behind him. 【即时练习】 1. The lake ______ (freeze) in winter. 2. It’s ______ (freeze) cold today. 3. 当我叫他的名字时，他愣了一下，然后才转过身来。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. freezes 2. freezing 3. When I called his name, he froze for a moment and then turned around. 【知识梳理3】But what if I was wrong? what if + 陈述句? “如果……会怎样？/ 要是……怎么办？”（用来假设情况、表达担心、提问后果） 注意： 1. what if ≠ what will happen if（意思一样，但what if更口语） 2. what if不是疑问句语序 × What if will he come? √ What if he comes? 3. What if 后面用一般现在时表将来 如果我们找不到这家餐厅怎么办？（翻译句子） _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】What if we can’t find this restaurant? 【即时练习】 1.What if he ______ late for the meeting? A. be B. will be C. is 2. ______ we try once more? Maybe it will work. A. What if B. As if C. Even if 3. 如果她拒绝我们的请求怎么办？（翻译句子） _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. What if she refuses our request? 【知识梳理4】My silence made Lisa angry. 1. 结构：make + 宾语 + 动词原形（不带to） （用于主动语态） 含义：使/让某人做某事 他讲的笑话使我们都大笑起来。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________ 2. 结构：be made + to do sth.（被动必须加 to） （用于被动语态） 含义：被迫/被要求做某事 我们被要求按时完成作业。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________ 【答案】 His joke made us all laugh. We were made to finish the homework on time. 【即时练习】 1. The boss made him ______ all night. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked 2. He was made ______ the truth. A. tell B. to tell C. telling D. told 3. My dad often makes me _________ (exercise) in the morning. 4. 什么让你改变主意？（翻译句子） ___________________________________________ 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. exercise 4. What made you change your mind? 【知识梳理5】“I’m out!” she shouted and stormed off. storm off 气冲冲地离开；愤然离去 同义短语：______________ ______________ 他很生气，一言不发地愤然离开了。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________ 【答案】storm out leave in a huff He was angry and stormed off without a word. 【即时练习】 1. He was so mad at his friend’s lie that he ______ of the house, slamming the door loudly. A. sat down B. walked slowly C. came back D. stormed out 2. He didn’t agree with the decision, so he ______ in a huff and refused to discuss it further. A. left B. stormed off C. flounced off D. stomped off 3. 她不想争论，就气冲冲地走了。（翻译句子） ____________________________________________________ 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. She didn't want to argue and just stormed off. 【知识梳理6】So the leader should take responsibility in times of disagreement. responsibility 名词 责任 形容词 负责任的___________ 形容词 不负责任的___________ 固定搭配：对（做）某事负责___________________ 对……负责___________________ 每个人都必须为自己的行为负责。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】responsible irresponsible take responsibility for (doing) sth. be responsible for Everyone must take responsibility for their actions. 【即时练习】 1. You are ______ for your own actions. A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly 2. He failed the task because he didn’t take his ______ seriously. A. responsible B. responsibilities C. responsibly 3. She has a strong sense of ____________ (responsible). 4.父母应该对孩子的安全负责。（翻译句子） _______________________________________ 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. Parents should be responsible for their children’s safety. 【知识梳理7】What are her strengths and weaknesses? strength 名词 优点；长处 名词复数形式是__________ 动词 加强；增强__________ 形容词形式是__________ 副词形式是__________ weakness 名词 缺点；不足 名词复数形式是__________ 动词 变弱；削弱__________ 形容词形式是__________ 副词形式是__________ 短语： 发挥优势_______________ 克服缺点_______________ 对……的偏爱/嗜好_______________ 【答案】strengths strengthen strong strongly weaknesses weaken weak weakly build on strengths overcome weaknesses a weakness for… 【即时练习】 1. Everyone has their own ____ and weaknesses. A. strength B. strengths C. strengthen D. strong 2. He has a ____ for sweet food. A. strong B. strength C. weakness D. weaken 3. His __________ (weak) in math made him worried. 4. 他最大的优点是诚实。（翻译句子） _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. weakness 4. His greatest strength is honesty. 第二部分 Grammar 情态动词的用法（1） 【知识梳理1】情态动词的核心概念 情态动词（Modal Verbs） 是一类用来表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度、语气或情绪的动词，它们不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词原形一起构成谓语。简单来说，情态动词的核心作用是“表达语气”，而不是单纯描述“做了什么”。 1. 核心特点： （1）无人称和数的变化。无论主语是 I/you/he/they，情态动词形式不变（不用加 s/es）。 √ He can swim. × He cans swim. 后接动词原形： （2）情态动词后面必须跟动词原形，不能跟 to do、doing 或过去式。 √ I must go. × I must to go. （3）没有不定式和分词形式。 2. 常见情态动词 can / could（能够、可以） may / might（可能、可以、祝愿） must（必须、一定） should（应该） will / would（将要、愿意） shall（多用于第一人称，表将来/建议） need（需要，可作情态动词也可作实义动词） dare（敢，可作情态动词也可作实义动词） 3. 主要用法 （1）表示能力：can, could 例：I can speak English. （2）表示许可：can, may, could 例：You may leave now. （3）表示义务/必须：must, should, have to（have to 更偏向“不得不”） 例：You must study hard. （4）表示推测：may/might（可能），must（一定） 例：He may be at home. It must be raining. （5）表示意愿/将来：will, would 例：I will help you. 【即时练习】 1. - Do you know whose hat it is, Tom? - It _____ be Eric’s because I gave it to him as his birthday gift. A. must B. should C. need D. will 2. Our team leader suggested that we _____ work together and share our ideas freely. A. must B. should C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 3. When we go out, we should take some warm coats.（就划线部分提问） _____ _____ we _____ when we go out? 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. What should take 【知识梳理2】should的用法 情态动词should无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，主要表达建议、劝告、推测、义务/责任等含义，语气比must委婉。 1. 表示建议、劝告 用于给他人提建议、给出合理的做法，是日常使用最频繁的场景。 肯定句：You should drink more water when you have a cold. 感冒时你应该多喝水。 否定句：You shouldn’t stay up late every day. 你不应该每天熬夜。 疑问句：Should I take an umbrella with me? 我应该带把伞吗？ 2. 表示推测、可能性 根据已知信息做出合理的推测，语气不确定，常译为“应该会、大概”，多用于肯定句。 He should arrive at the station soon. 他应该很快就到车站了。 This task should be easy for her. 这项任务对她来说应该不难。 3. 表示义务、责任 强调道义上的责任，比must弱，比have to更侧重主观意愿。 We should respect the elderly. 我们应该尊重老人。 She should finish her homework before watching TV. 她应该先写完作业再看电视。 【即时练习】 1. We ______ keep our classroom clean every day. A. should B. have to C. mustn’t D. would 2. You ______ eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. A. should B. need C. shouldn’t D. have to 3. She should take some medicine.（改为一般疑问句） ______ she ______ any medicine? 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. Should take 【知识梳理3】have to 和don’t have to的用法 have to是情态性短语，表达客观上的必要性、强制要求，强调“不得不做”，受客观条件限制，而非主观意愿。 1. 基本结构 肯定句：主语 + have to/has to/had to + 动词原形 + 其他 一般现在时：第三人称单数用 has to，其他人称用 have to 一般过去时：所有人称用 had to 将来时：will have to 否定句：主语 + don’t/doesn’t/didn’t + have to + 动词原形（不必做） 疑问句：Do/Does/Did + 主语 + have to + 动词原形 + 其他？ 2. 具体用法 （1）表示客观上的“必须、不得不”：因客观规则、环境、条件等原因，被迫做某事，区别于 must（主观上的必须）。 客观规则：Students have to wear school uniforms at school. 学生在学校必须穿校服。 客观条件：I have to go now because my mom is waiting for me. 我现在得走了，因为我妈妈在等我。 过去客观：He had to stay at home yesterday because of the heavy rain. 昨天因为大雨，他不得不待在家里。 （2）否定形式：don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to 表示“不必做”，相当于 needn’t，区别于 mustn’t（禁止做）。 You don’t have to finish the work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作。 She didn’t have to get up early this morning. 她今天早上不必早起。 【即时练习】 1. He has to clean his room today.（改为否定句） He ______ ______ ______ clean his room today. 2. She has to practice the piano every day.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答） ______ she ______ to practice the piano every day? ______, she ______. 3. 他们今天不得不步行回家，因为公交车停运了。（翻译句子） __________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. doesn’t have to 2. Does have Yes does 3. They had to walk home today because the bus stopped running. 【知识梳理4】should和have to的区别 对比维度 should have to 核心含义 建议、劝告、主观推测、道义责任 客观必要性、被迫做某事 语气 委婉、主观 客观、强制，语气较强 时态变化 无时态变化（情态动词） 有时态变化（have/has/had to） 否定含义 不应该做（shouldn’t） 不必做（don’t have to） 例句对比 You should exercise more. 你应该多运动。 You have to exercise more because of the doctor’s advice. 因为医生的建议，你不得不多运动。 注意：should 侧重“主观建议/应该”，have to 侧重“客观不得不”，二者是情态动词中表达“必要性”的核心区分点。 【即时练习】 1. —I have a toothache. —You ______ see a dentist at once. A. have to B. should C. can’t D. may not 2. —Why are you in a hurry? —Because I ______ catch the last bus. A. have to B. should C. mustn’t D. need 3. 你应该多做运动来保持健康。（翻译句子） ______________________________________________________ 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. You should do more exercise to keep healthy. 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. My idea is quite different from __________ (you), but both could work. 2. Ms White gave Tony some good __________ (suggest) about working with his team. 3. Although there are many __________ (difficult), we will never give up. 4. We had a __________ (disagree) over which movie to watch. 5. We need to find a __________ (suit) person for the job. 6. I have enough __________ (confident) to solve this problem. 【答案】 1. yours 2．suggestions 3．difficulties 4．disagreement 5．suitable 6．confidence 【解析】 1. 此处需要用名词性物主代词，指代“你的想法”，you 是人称代词主格/宾格，其名词性物主代词形式为 yours，故填 yours。 2. some 后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，suggest 是动词，意为“建议”，其名词形式为 suggestion，为可数名词，此处用复数形式 suggestions，故填 suggestions。 3. many 后接可数名词复数，difficult 是形容词，意为“困难的”，其名词形式为 difficulty，复数形式为 difficulties，故填 difficulties。 4. 不定冠词 a 后接可数名词单数，disagree 是动词，意为“不同意”，其名词形式为 disagreement，意为“分歧；争论”，故填 disagreement。 5. 此处需要形容词修饰名词 person，suit 是动词，意为“适合”，其形容词形式为 suitable，意为“合适的”，故填 suitable。 6. enough 后接名词，confident 是形容词，意为“自信的”，其名词形式为 confidence，意为“自信”，为不可数名词，故填 confidence。 二、单词拼写 7. Li Hua directed a _________（戏剧）about Journey to the West in the school successfully. 8. The weather was _________（糟糕的）yesterday. We couldn’t go out. 9. We finished the work quickly because of good _________（团队协作）. 10. Now it’s time for us to _________（投票）for the best singer! 11. Lisa and Elbert are getting ready for the coming _________（天赋）show next week. 12. The little girl is very _________（害羞的）in front of strangers. 13. Within weeks, his _________（信心）had spread throughout the team. 14. We had a meeting and gave out all the _________（角色）for this performance. 15. _________（实际上），I didn’t quite agree with him. 16. All the volunteers are _________（愿意）to devote their time to helping the elderly in the community. 【答案】7. drama 8. awful 9. teamwork 10. vote 11. talent 12. shy 13. confidence 14. roles 15. Actually 16. willing 【解析】 7. 根据中文提示“戏剧”，且前面有不定冠词a，此处需要填单数名词drama。故填drama。 8. 根据中文提示“糟糕的”，且此处作表语，需要填形容词awful。故填awful。 9. 根据中文提示“团队协作”，且前面有形容词good修饰，需要填不可数名词teamwork。故填teamwork。 10. 根据中文提示“投票”，且此处是固定句型it’s time for sb. to do sth.，需要填动词原形vote。故填vote。 11. 根据中文提示“天赋”，且此处作定语修饰名词show，需要填名词talent。故填talent。 12. 根据中文提示“害羞的”，且此处作表语，需要填形容词shy。故填shy。 13. 根据中文提示“信心”，且前面有形容词性物主代词his修饰，需要填不可数名词confidence。故填confidence。 14. 根据中文提示“角色”，且前面有all修饰，需要填复数名词roles。故填roles。 15. 根据中文提示“实际上”，且此处位于句首作状语，需要填副词Actually。故填Actually。 16. 根据中文提示“愿意”，且此处是固定搭配be willing to do sth.，需要填形容词willing。故填willing。 一、词汇运用 1. It’s not easy to deal with _________ (fail). 【答案】failure 【解析】空格前有介词with，其后需要接名词作宾语；fail是动词，其名词形式为failure，意为“失败”，为不可数名词。故填failure。 2. After a heated discussion, they finally made a _________ (decide) to solve the problem together. 【答案】decision 【解析】空格前有不定冠词a，其后需要接可数名词单数形式；decide是动词，其名词形式为decision，意为“决定”。故填decision。 3. Tony has _________ (do) a job and we are all proud of him. 【答案】done 【解析】空格前有助动词has，本句为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”；do的过去分词是done。故填done。 4. Don’t worry, Mum! I am old enough to do it on my _________（自己）. 【答案】own 【解析】on one’s own是固定短语，意为“独自地，靠自己”。故填own。 5. We _________（冲出）out of the classroom to see what happened. 【答案】rushed 【解析】“冲出”对应的英文单词是rush，根据句中to see what happened可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，rush的过去式是rushed。故填rushed。 6. This app is very _________（有帮助的）and many young people like using it. 【答案】helpful 【解析】 空格前有系动词is和副词very，其后需要接形容词作表语；“有帮助的”对应的英文形容词是helpful。故填helpful。 7. As we know, sometimes good teamwork is hard to _________（获得）. 【答案】achieve 【解析】“获得”对应的英文单词是achieve，be hard to do sth.是固定结构，意为“做某事很难”，to后接动词原形。故填achieve。 8. What i_________ she refused us to enter the competition? 【答案】if 【解析】根据句意“要是她拒绝让我们参加比赛怎么办？”以及首字母i可知，此处考查固定句型What if ...，意为“要是……怎么办”。故填if。 9. Mike was very angry and stormed o_________. 【答案】off 【解析】storm off是固定短语，意为“愤然离去，怒气冲冲地走开”，符合句意。故填off。 10. Hearing the exciting news, the w_________ class cheered. 【答案】whole 【解析】根据句意“听到这个令人兴奋的消息，全班同学都欢呼起来。”以及首字母w可知，此处考查the whole class，意为“全班”。故填whole。 二、单项选择 11. You _____ be too nervous. Just relax and be brave enough to show yourself. A. might not B. mustn’t C. should D. don’t have to 【答案】D 【解析】本题语境是劝人放松，不必紧张。might not表示“可能不”，mustn’t表示“禁止”，should表示“应该”，don’t have to表示“不必”。故选D。 12. Don’t just stand there in ______; give me your ______ on this plan. A. silence; suggestion B. shock; weakness C. freeze; talent D. order; decision 【答案】A 【解析】in silence 是固定短语，表“沉默地”；give suggestion 表“提建议”，符合语境。故选A。 13. She used to be very ______ and lacked ______ when speaking in public. A. shy; strength B. awful; confidence C. shy; confidence D. silent; responsibility 【答案】C 【解析】shy 形容人“害羞的”，lack confidence 表“缺乏自信”，贴合公共场合说话的状态。故选C。 14. I really had an ______ day. Nothing went right. A. good B. awful C. nice D. terrible 【答案】B 【解析】空格前有an，需元音音素开头的单词；awful 以元音音素开头，且与“事事不顺”的语境相符。故选B。 15. Knowing your ____ can help you improve. A. weakness B. weaknesses C. weak D. weaken 【答案】B 【解析】your后接名词，排除形容词weak和动词weaken；weakness表“弱点”，此处用复数weaknesses更贴合语境。故选B。 三、完形填空 Ms. Perkins used to get angry easily. She had three children and they often made trouble for her. One morning, her eldest son hurried back home. “Mom, I lost my wallet by accident.” He felt sorry, but to his 16 , Ms. Perkins said, “Just take mine. Be careful next time.” At noon, her daughter came home and said, “Mom, I broke my new bike.” She was afraid that her mother would get angry. However, Ms. Perkins said, “OK. Take it to the bike shop and get it 17 tomorrow.” In the evening, her little son returned with his head 18 , “Mom, I didn’t pass my exam.” He thought Ms. Perkins would 19 him. Instead, she just said, “I know the schoolwork is difficult. But you need to work harder, 20 you will have to repeat the semester (留级).” It was 21 that Ms. Perkins stayed calm (冷静的) when she heard about their problems. Everyone was worried. They went to ask her, “Why are you acting so differently, Mom?” Ms. Perkins smiled and replied, “It took me a long time to realize that my worry and 22 can’t solve your problems. I can give you 23 if you ask, but you need to make your own decisions. Once the decisions are made, 24 the results are, you must face them. My job is to love you, support you and encourage you. I should remain calm and let each of you 25 yourselves to deal with your problems.” Hearing that, the three children decided to take responsibility (负责) for their own lives from then on. 16．A．surprise B．shame C．regret D．sadness 17．A．completed B．connected C．sold D．fixed 18．A．back B．up C．down D．forward 19．A．protect B．punish C．polish D．produce 20．A．since B．while C．so D．or 21．A．unusual B．common C．direct D．impolite 22．A．pleasure B．safety C．stress D．pride 23．A．chances B．fields C．projects D．suggestions 24．A．whenever B．whatever C．whoever D．whether 25．A．depend on B．turn down C．take after D．check out 【答案】 16．A 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．D 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了曾经容易生气的帕金斯夫人面对孩子们的麻烦时，变得冷静并以积极的方式鼓励他们，孩子们对此感到不解，最后她解释了自己改变的原因是要给予孩子们爱与支持，让他们学会自己面对问题。 16．句意：他感到很抱歉，但令他惊讶的是，Perkins女士说：“就拿我的吧。下次小心点。” surprise惊讶；shame羞耻；regret遗憾；sadness悲伤。根据“He felt sorry, but to his…”可知，儿子丢了钱包，本以为妈妈会生气，结果妈妈却很平静，这让他很惊讶，故选A。 17．句意：明天把它带到自行车店修理一下。 completed完成；connected连接；sold卖；fixed修理。根据“Take it to the bike shop and get it…tomorrow.”可知，女儿把新自行车弄坏了，妈妈让她把自行车带到自行车店修理，故选D。 18．句意：晚上，她的小儿子低着头回来了。 back后面；up向上；down向下；forward向前。根据“her little son returned with his head…”可知，小儿子考试没及格，心情低落，所以低着头回来，故选C。 19．句意：他以为Perkins女士会惩罚他。 protect保护；punish惩罚；polish擦亮；produce生产。根据“He thought Ms. Perkins would…him.”以及常识可知，考试没及格，妈妈可能会惩罚他，故选B。 20．句意：但是你需要更努力地学习，否则你将不得不留级。 since自从；while当……时候；so所以；or否则。根据“But you need to work harder,…you will have to repeat the semester”可知，前后是转折关系，表示如果不努力，否则就会留级，or符合语境，故选D。 21．句意：当Perkins女士听到他们的问题时保持冷静是不寻常的。 unusual不寻常的；common普通的；direct直接的；impolite不礼貌的。根据“Everyone was worried. They went to ask her, ‘Why are you acting so differently. Mom?’”可知，大家对Perkins女士的反应感到惊讶，说明她保持冷静是不寻常的，故选A。 22．句意：我花了很长时间才意识到我的担忧和压力并不能解决你们的问题。 pleasure快乐；safety安全；stress压力；pride骄傲。根据“It took me a long time to realize that my worry and…can’t solve your problems.”可知，担忧和压力并不能解决问题，故选C。 23．句意：如果你们要求，我可以给你们建议，但你们需要自己做决定。 chances机会；fields领域；projects项目；suggestions建议。根据“I can give you…if you ask, but you need to make your own decisions.”可知，妈妈可以给孩子建议，但决定要孩子自己做，故选D。 24．句意：一旦做出决定，无论结果如何，你都必须面对它们。 whenever无论何时；whatever无论什么；whoever无论谁；whether是否。根据“Once the decisions are made,…the results are, you must face them.”可知，无论结果如何，都要面对，故选B。 25．句意：我应该保持冷静，让你们每个人依靠自己来处理问题。 depend on依靠；turn down拒绝；take after与……相像；check out检查。根据“I should remain calm and let each of you…yourselves to deal with your problems.”可知，妈妈希望孩子们依靠自己来处理问题，故选A。 四、阅读理解 Once there was a manager (经理) who had a team of around 40 hard-working members. Everything seemed great. But one thing worried him: the group had a hard time communicating (交流) and sharing information with each other. Then one day, the manager had an idea. He decided to take his group to play games together, and he prepared 3 rounds (轮次) of games carefully. During the first round, the manager told everyone to blow a balloon and write their names without breaking it. And soon the team members did it successfully. After that, the manager told them to wait outside for the next round. When they went into the room again, they saw many more balloons without names around the room. The manager told them to look for the balloon with his or her name on it. The first to bring him the balloon would win, while those who broke the balloon would be out of the game. 15 minutes passed and no one was able to find his balloon, and then the manager decided to go on to the third round. For the third round, the manager told his group to pick any balloon from the room and give it to the person whose name was on it. Within just a few minutes, everyone had his balloon with his own name. The manager was very happy and discussed with his group about the reason why they didn’t find their balloons in the second round. That was because everyone paid too much attention (注意力) to his own target (目标). However, in just a short time, they could make it in the third round because of the power of teamwork and sharing with each other. 26．What worried the manager about his group in Paragraph 1? A．Everything was great. B．They weren’t hard-working. C．They could blow balloons better. D．They couldn’t communicate with each other well. 27．What did the manager ask them to do in the first round? A．To share their information. B．To find out their own balloons. C．To give the balloons to the manager. D．To blow the balloons and write their names. 28．Why did the team fail (失败) in the second round? A．Some of them broke the balloons. B．Each only cared about his own balloon. C．Only three of them found the balloons. D．None of the balloons had names on them. 29．What’s the manager’s purpose (目的) in preparing the games? A．To find out the most talented members. B．To free the team from the stress (压力) in their work. C．To remind (提醒) the team that teamwork was important. D．To encourage (鼓励) the team members to work harder. 30．What kind of person is the manager? A．Smart. B．Strict. C．Outgoing. D．Hard-working. 【答案】26．D 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了一位经理为了解决团队沟通不畅的问题，精心设计了三轮找气球的游戏，巧妙地让团队成员体会到了团队合作与相互分享的重要性。 26．细节理解题。根据第一段“the group had a hard time communicating (交流) and sharing information with each other”可知，经理对团队感到担忧的一点是团队成员之间很难进行交流和分享信息。故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据第三段“During the first round, the manager told everyone to blow a balloon and write their names”可知，在第一轮游戏中，经理要求每个人吹一个气球并写上自己的名字。故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据最后一段“…they didn’t find their balloons in the second round. That was because everyone paid too much attention (注意力) to his own target (目标).”可知，第二轮失败的原因是每个人都把太多的注意力放在了自己的目标上，即只专注于寻找写有自己名字的气球。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据第一段“the group had a hard time communicating (交流) and sharing information with each other”以及最后一段“…make it in the third round because of the power of teamwork and sharing with each other.”可知，经理准备这几轮游戏的目的是为了提醒团队成员团队合作和互相分享的重要性。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据第二段“Then one day, the manager had an idea. He decided to take his group to play games together...”以及最后一段“the power of teamwork and sharing with each other”可知，经理在面对团队沟通不畅的问题时，没有直接枯燥地说教，而是巧妙地想出通过三轮游戏来启发大家的主意，这说明他是一个聪明的人。故选A。 五、补全对话 根据对话内容，在空白处写出恰当的句子，使对话意思连贯完整。所写句子应与所给的标点符号一致。 (Li Ming and Steven are talking about the argument between Steven and his best friend.) Li Ming: Hey, Steven, you look sad. Is everything okay? Steven: Not really, Li Ming. I had a big argument with David. Li Ming: Oh, no. I’m sorry to hear that. 31 ? Steven: Last Friday afternoon. Li Ming: 32 ? Steven: Because of a science project. We had different ideas, I thought my idea was better, but he refused to give up his idea. We both got very angry. Li Ming: 33 ? Steven: No, I haven’t found a way to make up with him. Now I feel bad but I don’t know what to do. Li Ming: I can give you some advice. First, it’s important to cool down. When you are not angry, you can think more clearly. Steven: 34 . I was too mad at that time. What should I do next? Li Ming: Choose a quiet time and place. Start by saying you’re sorry for the argument, and then discuss to combine the best parts of your ideas! Steven: That’s really helpful advice. Can I talk to him right away or in a few days? Li Ming: 35 . Don’t put off this problem for a few days. 【答案】31．When did you argue (with David)?/When did it/the argument happen 32．Why did you argue (with David)?/Why did it/the argument happen 33．Have you found a way to make up with him/David (yet) / Have you made up (peace) with him/David (yet) 34．That’s (exactly) true/right / You are right / That’s correct 35．Right away /At once /You had better/can talk with him/David right away /at once 【解析】本文是一段对话，Li Ming询问Steven与朋友David吵架的情况，并给出了一些建议帮助Steven解决与朋友之间的矛盾。 31．根据答语“Last Friday afternoon.”可知，上文应是询问吵架的时间，因此可推测问题为“你什么时候和David吵架的？”或“这件事/这场争吵是什么时候发生的？”，故填When did you argue (with David)?/When did it/the argument happen? 32．根据答语“Because of a science project. We had different ideas...”可知，上文应是询问吵架的原因，因此可推测问题为“你为什么和David吵架？”或“这件事/这场争吵是怎么发生的？”，故填Why did you argue (with David)?/Why did it/the argument happen? 33．根据答语“No, I haven’t found a way to make up with him.”可知，上文应是一个一般疑问句，询问是否已经找到和好的方法，因此可推测问题为“你找到和他/David和好的方法了吗？”或“你和他/David和好了吗？”，故填Have you found a way to make up with him/David (yet)?/Have you made up (peace) with him/David (yet)? 34．根据上文“First, it’s important to cool down. When you are not angry, you can think more clearly.”可知，Li Ming建议Steven先冷静下来，当不生气的时候，可以更清晰地思考，再结合下文“I was too mad at that time. What should I do next?”可知，Steven认同了Li Ming的建议，因此可推测Steven的回答为“那是真的/对的”或“你说得对”或“那是正确的”，故填That’s (exactly) true/right./You are right./That’s correct. 35．根据上文“Can I talk to him right away or in a few days?”可知，Steven询问是现在就和David谈还是过几天再谈，再结合下文“Don’t put off this problem for a few days.”可知，Li Ming建议不要把这个问题推迟几天，因此可推测Li Ming的建议是“马上/立刻”或“你最好/可以马上/立刻和他/David谈谈”，故填Right away./At once./You had better/can talk with him/David right away/at once. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $