Unit 2 Section Ⅵ “Extended reading”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“外来词”主题，构建“词汇积累-构词规律-词块运用-句式分析-语篇应用”递进式学习支架，涵盖阅读单词认知、重点单词书写、构词法（如-ist后缀）、高级词块（如come about）及“the+比较级...the+比较级”等句式，最终通过课文缩写语法填空实现语篇综合应用。 该资料以“知其义-写其形-悉其变-明其规-通其用”路径培养语言能力，通过构词规律串记（如scientist等）和句式逻辑分析提升思维品质，“用法感知-归纳点拨-应用融会”设计强化学习能力。例如重点词汇“oppose”结合语法填空与句式仿写，课中辅助教师系统教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺，巩固语言知识与应用能力。

Section Ⅵ　“Extended reading”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．the restaurant's fried tofu　　 这家餐厅的炸豆腐 2．a piece of bacon 一片咸猪肉 3．pipe oil into storage tanks 把油输送到储藏罐内 4．join the golf club 加入高尔夫球俱乐部 5．study Chinese kung fu 学习中国功夫 6．the members of the tribe 这个部落的成员 7．Germanic architectural theory 德国的建筑理论 二、重点单词——写其形 1．integrate new words into everyday speech 把新的词汇融入日常用语 2．make interventions 采取干预措施 3．keep their native language pure 保持自己母语的纯正 4._pessimistic philosophy of life 悲观主义人生哲学 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) linguist：－ist后缀表示“从事某种职业的人”　 ①scientist　　　　　　 科学家 ②physicist 物理学家 ③pianist 钢琴家 ④violinist 小提琴家 ⑤novelist 小说家 ⑥biologist 生物学家 ⑦botanist 植物学家 ⑧psychologist 心理学家 五、高级词块——通其用 1．come_as_no_surprise　　　 不足为奇 2．come_about 产生；发生 3．tend_to 往往会 4．be_related_to 涉及；与……有关 5．refer_to 指的是；查阅；提到 6．be_based_on 基于 7．absorb_...into_... 把……吸收到……中 8．point_to 指向；指着；意味着 1．Word borrowing comes about when two cultures with different languages interact. 当不同语言的两种文化相互交流时，外来词就产生了。 ★come about产生；发生 |用|法|感|知| ·(“倡议”类佳句)In order to prevent this case coming about again, we should improve our awareness of saving and recycling water. 为了防止这种情况再次发生，我们应该提高节约和循环用水的意识。 ·Can you tell me how the accident came about? 你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？ [归纳点拨] come across　　　　 (偶然)遇见，发现；被理解 come on 登台；赶快，加油 come out 出版；出来；出现；结果是 come up 走近；即将发生；发芽；被提出 come up with 想出；提出 when it comes to ... 当谈到……时 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空) ①How did it come about that the man was dismissed? ②Several new books will have come out by the end of next month. ③We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be better. ④The designer says the idea came up after he watched people get wet on streets in Russia. 2．Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided, but some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures. 外来词是语言发展中几乎难以避免的结果，但一些语言群体反对从其他文化引入词汇。 ★oppose vt.反对，抵制；与……对垒 |用|法|感|知| ·(“动作描写”佳句)A boy stood up and crossed his arms over his head, signaling that he strongly opposed/was strongly opposed to the plan. 一个男孩站起来，双臂交叉在头上，表示他强烈反对这个计划。 ·(“建议”类佳句)I prefer that students have discussions in class as opposed to just listening to the teacher.我更喜欢学生们在课堂上进行讨论，而不是单纯地听老师讲。 归纳点拨 (1)oppose (2)opposed adj.　　　 　相反的；对立的 be opposed to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事；与(做)某事对立 as opposed to 而不是(表对比) (3)opposite adj.对立的；在……对面的 prep. 在……的对面 名师点津 (1)oppose后跟动名词作宾语，不可接不定式； (2)表示“支持”的词(组)有： favour、 in favour of、 be for、 agree with、 support；表示“反对”的词(组)有： disagree with、 object to、 disapprove of、 be against。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①All people present are opposed to working (work) overtime on Sunday. ②We oppose using (use) this unusual technique to clone humans. ③She turned and walked off in the opposite (oppose) direction. (2)一句多译 反对这个项目的科学家提出了自己的想法。 ④The scientist who_opposed/was_opposed_to the project came up with his own idea.(定语从句) ⑤The scientist opposed_to the project came up with his own idea.(过去分词短语作定语) 3．Under this circumstance, it becomes a matter of survival for the native language to reject outside influences. 在这种情况下，拒绝外来影响关系着母语的生存问题。 ★reject vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异 |用|法|感|知| ·(“建议”类佳句)Don't reject others' suggestion instantly.Instead, imagine that it's true and see whether it's reasonable. 不要马上拒绝别人的建议。相反，想象这是真的，看看它是否合理。 ·In case your job application is rejected, you should never lose heart. 万一你的求职申请被拒绝，你也绝不要灰心。 归纳点拨 (1)reject doing sth.　　　拒绝做某事 reject ...out of hand 坚决拒绝……；彻底否决…… reject one's suggestion/advice/demand/offer拒绝某人的建议/要求/提议 (2)rejection n. 拒绝 联想发散 表示“拒绝”含义的表达还有：refuse、 decline、 deny、 turn down等。reject后接名词或动名词作宾语，而refuse、 decline后接动词不定式作宾语。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①We grow in change.If you reject changing (change), you refuse to have new opportunities. ②How can you admit your mistakes if you are afraid of punishment and rejection (reject)? (2)替换加黑词汇 ③His proposal that the system should be changed was turned down at the meeting held yesterday.rejected 4．For better or for worse, the tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style. 不管是好是坏，借用外来词的趋势从未过时。 ★tendency n．趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好 |用|法|感|知| ·There is a growing tendency among middle－school students that they will do some voluntary work during their vacation. 中学生越来越倾向于在假期里做一些志愿工作。 ·(主旨升华句)As a wise person once put it: If the only tool you have is a hammer, you tend to see every problem as a nail. 正如一个智者曾经说过：如果你仅有的工具是一把锤子，你往往把每个问题都看成钉子。 [归纳点拨] (1)have a tendency to do sth.　 有做某事的倾向 (2)tend v． 往往会；趋向；照料，照管，护理 tend to/towards sth.　　　　　 倾向于 tend to do sth. 往往会做某事；倾向于做某事 tend to sb./sth. 护理/照看某人/某物 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①There is a tendency (tend) for this disease to run in families. ②People tend to_think (think) that the problem will never affect them. ③Young people have_a_tendency_to conflict with their parents in opinions. 年轻人往往会和父母在观点上有冲突。 ④He tends_to_sacrifice_his_own_interests for the group benefit. 他往往为了集体利益而牺牲自己的利益。 1．Over time, the sounds that are difficult to pronounce have been replaced with more familiar ones.随着时间的推移，难以发音的部分被更为熟悉的发音所取代了。 that are difficult to pronounce为“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构需具备两个前提条件： (1)不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系； (2)常用的形容词有：difficult、 hard、 easy、 comfortable、 good、 interesting、 exciting等。 注意：此结构中，不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①With life being made up of ups and downs, it is not always easy to_maintain (maintain) a good and enthusiastic attitude. ②It is hard to imagine how Edison managed to work twenty hours each day. ③The house is very small, but in fact it is very comfortable to live in. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④今天的作业容易做，因此迈克很快完成，然后出去玩了。 Today's homework was_easy_to_do,_so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play. ⑤在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。 Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite.The morning air is_so_good_to_breathe. 2．The longer a borrowed word has been in use, the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.一个外来词使用的时间越长，它听起来甚至看起来就越像本土语言。 The longer ..., the more ...为“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”结构。 (1)“the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)，the＋比较级(＋主语＋谓语)”意为“越……，就越……”，第一个“the＋比较级”相当于表示条件的状语从句(在表示将来意义时，从句用一般现在时表示将来)；第二个“the＋比较级”相当于主句； (2)“比较级＋and＋比较级”意为“越来越……”，表示本身程度的变化； (3)“the more ..., the less ...”意为“越……，越不……”。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①If you use English more frequently, you will learn it well faster. →The_more_frequently you use English, the_faster you will learn it well. ②When we know more about the importance of culture protection, we can get stronger support from the public. →The_more we know about the importance of culture protection, the_stronger_support we can get from the public. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③你拥有的知识越多，你就越有能力应对任何你将要面对的挑战。 The_more_knowledge_you_have,_the_more_capable you are to deal with any challenge you'll face. ④我们锻炼得越多，我们的身体就会越健康。 The more exercise we take, the_healthier_our_bodies_will_be. 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Borrowed words can ①be_found (find) in almost all languages.Word borrowing comes about when two cultures with different languages interact.This tends ②to_happen (happen) when there is no suitable word for an object or idea in the native tongue.This phenomenon ③has_been_occurring (occur) for thousands of years.The process of word borrowing is complex, and it takes time before new words are integrated ④into everyday speech.The ⑤longer (long) a borrowed word has been in use, the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.Some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.However, there are also other communities that ⑥readily (ready) welcome borrowed words.Borrowing words allows the language to continue to develop, ⑦enabling (enable) the community to have a more efficient language ⑧which/that allows them to share their experiences with new－found ease.⑨It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.For better or for worse, the ⑩tendency (tend) to borrow words has never gone out of style.The more international and globalized the world becomes, the more language characteristics will be shared between nations and cultures. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $