Unit 1 Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦“Reading”新知学习，围绕词汇（词义理解、拼写掌握、活用变化、构词规律）、高级词块及重点词汇（如appointment, reliable）用法展开，结合as引导从句、全部倒装等句式解析，通过课文缩写语法填空形成从基础到应用的学习支架。 资料以“词汇五环节+重点词深度解析+句式活用”为特色，通过构词规律串记（如un-否定前缀）和词块应用提升语言能力，结合归纳点拨与应用融会（如appointment的语法填空）培养思维品质，助力课中教学实施与课后学生查漏补缺，提升学习效率。

Section Ⅱ　“Reading”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．turn your collar up 　　　　 把你的衣领竖起来 2．two or three inches 两三英寸 3．wire the news to sb. 打电报把消息 通知某人 4．arrest the criminal 逮捕罪犯_ 5．an innocent young child 天真无邪的小孩 二、重点单词——写其形 1．barely ten o'clock at night 大约晚上十点 2. 3. 4．under arrest 被逮捕 5．Anyhow, I will insist on doing it. 不管怎样，我都会坚持下去。 6．stick to my principles 坚持我的原则 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．unreliable: un＋adj. →adj.(反义)　 ①tidy→untidy　　　　　 不整洁的 ②certain→uncertain 不确定的 ③healthy→unhealthy 不健康的 ④friendly→unfriendly 不友好的 ⑤willing→unwilling 不愿意的 ⑥stable→unstable 不稳定的 2．worthless：形容词后缀－less表示否定意义　 ①fearless　　　　　 大胆的，勇敢的 ②tireless 不知疲倦的，持久的 ③blameless 无可指责的 ④aimless 漫无目的的 ⑤valueless 无价值的 ⑥wordless 无言的 五、高级词块——通其用 1．tear_down　　　　　　　 拆毁，拆除 2．make_one's_fortune 发财 3．lose_contact 失去联系 4．turn_up 出现，到来，露面 5．pull_out 拽出，扯出；退出；驶离路边 6．keep_an_appointment_with 遵守与……的约定 7．at_least 至少 8．have_a_good_long_talk 深入长谈 9．arm_in_arm 臂挽着臂 10．change_...into_... 把……变成…… 11．take_charge_of 控制，掌管 12．under_arrest 被逮捕 13．drop_over 顺便来访 14．have_a_chat_with 与……闲聊 15．on_time 按时 1．It's an appointment made twenty years ago. 这是二十年前定下的一个约定。 ★appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务 |用|法|感|知| ·(“道歉”类佳句)I'm sorry to tell you that I have to cancel the bookstore appointment with you on Sunday. 很抱歉通知你，我不得不取消我们周日一起逛书店的约定。 ·A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and never breaks an appointment. 一个守时的人有在适当的时间做一件事的习惯，且从不违约。 ·(“求助”类佳句)I was appointed to take charge of the next theme class meeting, so I am writing to ask for your valuable advice. 我被指定负责下一次的主题班会，因此我写信想征求一下你的宝贵建议。 归纳点拨 (1)have an appointment with sb.　与某人有约 make an appointment with sb. 与某人预约 keep/break an appointment 　 守/违(爽)约 (2)appoint vt.　　　　　　 任命，委任；安排， 确定(时间、地点) appoint sb.as/to be ... 任命某人为…… appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事 (3)appointed adj. 指定的，约定的 名师点津 appointment表示“约会”时，通常用作可数名词；表示“任命；任职”时，多用作不可数名词。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Yesterday, Sam was_appointed (appoint) as manager of the engineering department. ②You can put the books in the appointed (appoint) place, and other participants can have free access to them. ③I have an appointment (appoint) with him, but I need to change it. ④I was appointed to_take (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day. (2)句式升级 ⑤He was appointed as president of the university yesterday.He is giving a speech on the platform now. →Appointed_as_president of the university yesterday, he is giving a speech on the platform now.(过去分词短语作状语) 2．The light showed a pale face, with keen eyes, a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. 火光映出他苍白的脸，他有一双锐利的眼睛，方下巴，右边眉毛附近还有一道小小的白色伤疤。 ★keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于 |用|法|感|知| ·I am a very keen runner and am out training most days.我是一个充满热情的跑步者，大多数时间都在户外训练。 ·(“人物描写”佳句)My grandpa is keen on all kinds of new things and has a preference for computers. 我的爷爷对各种新事物都很感兴趣，特别喜欢电脑。 [归纳点拨] be keen to do sth.　渴望做某事 be keen on 喜爱；(对……)着迷，有兴趣 |应|用|融|会|(完成句子) ①It's an attraction for those who are_keen_on_China to watch documentaries about China. 对于那些对中国抱有极大热情的人来说，观看有关中国的纪录片是一件极具吸引力的事。 ②I know that you are_keen_to_come_to_China to learn more about Chinese culture. 我知道你渴望来中国了解更多的中国文化。 3．But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive, for he always was the truest and most reliable fellow in the world. 但是我知道如果吉米还活着就一定会来这里见我，因为他一直是这个世界上最真诚、最可靠的伙伴。 ★reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 |用|法|感|知| ·(“人物描写”佳句)Actually, he is an honest and reliable person, whom you can depend on. 实际上，他是一个诚实、可靠的人，你可以信赖他。 ·(写作增分句)Only when the theory is combined with practice can the former become reliable knowledge.只有理论与实践相结合，理论才能成为可靠的知识。 ·You may rely on it that he will come and help us if we are in trouble. 如果我们有困难，他肯定会来帮助我们。 归纳点拨 (1)rely v．　　　　　 依靠；依赖；信赖 rely on/upon sb./sth. 　　指望某人/某事 rely on/upon sb.to do sth. 指望/相信某人会做某事 rely on it that ... 相信……；指望…… (2)reliability n. 可靠性 名师点津 rely on 后跟宾语从句时，应先加形式宾语it再接宾语从句，类似用法的还有：see to、 look to、 insist on、 stick to、 depend on、 answer for 等。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Everyone would agree that not all information on the Internet is reliable (rely)． ②You may rely on it that your parents will help you whenever you need it. ③Relying too much on computers makes us lazier and less creative both mentally and physically. ④True friends are that kind of people who_are_reliable_and_worth_trusting. 真正的朋友是那种可以依靠、值得信任的人。 4．I came a thousand miles to stand in this doorway tonight, and it's worthwhile if my old partner turns up. 我千里迢迢赶过来，就是为了今晚能站在这个门口，如果我的老伙计出现，那一切都是值得的。 ★worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 |用|法|感|知| ·(“活动介绍”佳句)It is worthwhile to visit the exhibition.Not only can it deepen our understanding of traditional Chinese art, but it can consolidate our cultural confidence. 这次展览值得一看。它不仅可以加深我们对中国传统艺术的理解，还可以巩固我们的文化自信。 ·It's worthwhile reading literary books because they can help us to know more about the society and life.阅读文学类图书是值得的，因为它们能加深我们对社会和生活的理解。 ·(写作增分句)Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well. 任何值得做的事都值得被做好。 归纳点拨 (1) (2)be worthy (3)be worth doing　　　　　 ……值得做 名师点津 (1)worthy后可接of＋sth./being done 或接to be done； (2)worth只能作表语，后通常接名词(多为钱数或价值相当的比喻性名词)，其后还可接v.－ing的主动形式表示被动含义，一般不接不定式；如果表示“很值得”要用be well worth； (3)worthwhile既可作表语，又可作定语，常用于句型“it is worthwhile ...”中，其后跟动名词短语或不定式短语均可(动名词短语或不定式短语是句子的真正主语)。 |应|用|融|会| (1)选词填空(worthy, worth, worthwhile) ①This article is well worth reading, but it is not worthy of being translated.So I feel that all your effort isn't worthwhile. (2)一句多译 这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。 ②The reference book is_worth_buying,_because it is a great help for your study.(worth) ③The reference book is_worthy_to_be_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy) ④The reference book is_worthy_of_being_bought,_because it is a great help for your study.(worthy) ⑤It_is_worthwhile_buying/to_buy the reference book, because it is a great help for your study.(worthwhile) 5．“As I suspected, you're not Jimmy Wells，” he said, impatiently with anger. “正如我所怀疑的，你不是吉米·韦尔斯，”他愤怒且不耐烦地说道。 ★suspect vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 |用|法|感|知| ·If you suspect a gas leak, do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light. 假如你怀疑有煤气泄漏，不要划火柴，甚至连电灯都不要开。 ·Don't suspect him of his honesty because he is very reliable.不要怀疑他的诚实，因为他很可靠。 [归纳点拨] (1)suspect sb./sth.　　　　 怀疑某人/某事 suspect sb.of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做了)某事 suspect sb.to be ... 怀疑/猜想某人是…… suspect that ... 怀疑，猜想…… (2)suspicious adj. 可疑的 be suspicious of/about ... 对……怀疑 (3)suspicion n. 怀疑，嫌疑 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空/替换加黑词汇 ①If you see something suspicious (suspect), inform the police at once. ②He was suspicious of/about their behavior and contacted the police. ③The drug is suspected of causing (cause) over 200 deaths. ④I don't have any particular reason to distrust them.suspect (2)句型转换/句式升级 ⑤We suspect that he is ill, for we haven't seen him for a long time. →We suspect_him_to_be_ill,_for we haven't seen him for a long time. ⑥Because she was suspected of being involved in the accident, she was questioned by the police. →Suspected_of_being_involved_in_the_accident,_she was questioned by the police.(过去分词短语作状语) 语言建构与运用短语 (教材P5－B2内容的归纳拓展) 本文运用了一些由“动词＋down”和“under＋名词”组成的不同短语，这些短语含义丰富，用法灵活。 1．“动词＋down”构成的短语 break down　　 使分解为；打破(及物)； 发生故障(不及物) bring down 降低；使倒下(及物) burn down 　　 把……烧成平地； (火势)减弱(不及物) calm down (使)冷静(及物或不及物) turn down 关小，调低(及物) cut down 砍倒(及物)；减少(及物或不及物) die down 平息；枯萎(不及物) write down 写下，记下来(及物) go down (太阳)落下；下沉；下跌(不及物) hand down 把……传下来(及物) knock down 撞倒；击倒；拆除(及物) pull down 拆毁(及物或不及物) put down　　　 记下；放下；镇压(及物) settle down 定居；静心(不及物) take down 取下；记下；拆除(及物) [对点练]　(选用上述短语填空) ①Knowledge, customs and memories were handed_down by the elders of the race. ②The plants died_down after that acid rain. ③When people cut_down on smoking, they often put on weight. ④She was so upset by the news that she couldn't settle/calm_down. ⑤The child was knocked_down by a lorry as he ran across the road. ⑥The bedclothes caught fire and the whole house may be burnt_down. ⑦The washing machine seems to have broken_down again. 2．“under＋名词”构成的短语 under age　　　　　　 未成年，未达到规定年龄 under arrest 被逮捕 under attack 遭受攻击 under consideration 在考虑中；在研究中 under construction 在建造中 under control 在控制下 under discussion 在讨论中；在审议中 under examination 在检查中；在审查中 under guarantee 在保修期内 under observation (尤指病人或嫌疑犯) 在观察中；在监视中 under pressure 在压力下；被迫 under repair 在维修中 under suspicion 受怀疑，受猜疑，涉嫌 under treatment 在治疗中 under way 在进行中；(船)在航行中 [对点练]　(选用上述短语填空) ①You shouldn't sell cigarettes to teenagers who are under_age. ②The plan is under_consideration/discussion/examination by the Ministry of Education. ③There are two new hotels near here under_construction. ④It took the teacher months to bring his class under_control. ⑤That's another topic that will come under_discussion. ⑥It's still under_guarantee,_so the manufacturer will repair it. ⑦The police have had him under_observation for several weeks. 1．The policeman on the beat walked along the street as he always did. 当班巡逻的警察像往常一样沿街走着。 as在此引导方式状语从句，意为“像……一样”。as引导状语从句时的其他用法： (1)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为；既然”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱； (2)as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；随着”； (3)as引导比较状语从句，常用于as/so ...as或not as/so ...as中； (4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，从句用倒装语序，即“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词＋as＋主语＋系动词/助动词”结构。用倒装语序时，如果表语是名词，提至句首时，前面不加冠词。例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot.。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①With the approach of the examination, it is unavoidable to get anxious. →As_the_examination_approaches,_it is unavoidable to get anxious.(as引导的状语从句) ②Although we were frightened, we still made up our mind to search for Harry. →Frightened_as_we_were,_we still made up our mind to search for Harry.(as引导的倒装句) (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③既然你身体不舒服，你可以待在家里。 As_you're_not_feeling_well,_you may stay at home. ④随着天色转亮，树的轮廓变得清晰了。 The outline of the trees sharpened as_it_grew_lighter. ⑤尽管很失望，他还是勉强露出一丝淡淡的微笑。 Disappointed_as_he_was,_he managed a weak smile. 2．In the doorway of a store stood a man, with an unlit cigar in his mouth. 一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。 本句是介词短语置于句首引起的全部倒装句。使用全部倒装结构的情况有： (1)表示处所、方位等的副词或介词，如 here、 there、 now、 then等放在句首，而主语是名词，且谓语动词是 be动词或lie、 sit、 stand等不及物动词时，句子用全部倒装； (2)当表语是分词、副词、形容词、介词短语，而主语是名词且主语比较长时，为了保持句子平衡或强调表语，常把表语放在句首，引起句子的全部倒装。句型结构为“分词/副词/形容词/介词短语＋be＋主语”； (3)there be句型也属于一种全部倒装句，该句型中的be可以替换成表示“存在”的动词，如live、 exist、 lie、 stand、 seem、 rise、 remain、 happen、 come、 go等； (4)当主语是人称代词时，不用倒装语序。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①When you meet danger in a foreign land, do not give up! Please remember, a strong motherland stands at your back. →When you meet danger in a foreign land, do not give up! Please remember, at_your_back_stands_a_strong_motherland. ②Many lakes, some of which are very colorful, lie in the dark forests. →In_the_dark_forests_lie_many_lakes,_some of which are very colorful. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③下雨了，伞都撑起来了。 Down_came_the_rain and up went the umbrellas. ④从墙上的一个扩音器里传出医生的声音。 From a speaker on the wall comes/came_the_doctor's_voice. ⑤我们学校的中心是图书馆，它在花园和教学楼之间。 In_the_center_of_our_school_lies_our_library,_which is between the garden and the teaching building. 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The short story “After Twenty Years” ①is_set (set) in New York on a cold, dark night.Everything was very quiet.A police officer on duty found a man with a scar on his face standing outside a store, and they started to have ②a chat.The man was waiting for his best friend, the ③truest (true) and most reliable fellow in the world, Jimmy Wells.One night twenty years ago, they ④dined (dine) at “Big Joe” Brady's restaurant.They grew up together in New York and got on very well.⑤To_make (make) his fortune, he was to start for the West while Jimmy Wells stayed in New York.It was on that night that they agreed to meet there again, no matter ⑥what their conditions might be or from what distance they might have to come.They lost contact after a year or two.However, he believed Jimmy Wells would come to keep the ⑦appointment (appoint), and he would be waiting for him there. Twenty minutes after the policeman left, a tall man turned up ⑧who/and claimed himself to be Jimmy.They had a happy meeting but finally it turned out he was a plain－clothes man.He arrested Bob. ⑨Before they went to the station, he gave Bob a note from real Jimmy Wells who was the policeman Bob met at first.On the note Jimmy said he had come to meet Bob but he recognized Bob was the criminal ⑩wanted (want) in Chicago. He couldn't arrest Bob himself, so he got a plain－clothes man to do the job. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $