Unit 2 Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦“Reading”新知学习，构建“词汇分层-句式解构-语用巩固”学习支架，系统梳理阅读单词（知其义）、重点单词（写其形）、构词规律（如v+ure/ture→n）及高级词块，深入解析核心词汇（如absence, occupy）和重点句式（主语从句、as让步状语从句等）。 该资料以语言能力和思维品质为核心，通过分层词汇学习（如“阅读单词-重点单词-活用单词”）、构词规律探究（如exposure的词缀法）及同族词归纳，培养学生词汇系统记忆能力。重点句式结合“语法感知+句式仿写”，提升语言表达准确性，课中助力教师高效教学，课后通过课文缩写语法填空帮助学生巩固知识，弥补薄弱环节。

Section Ⅱ　“Reading”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．want to be an astronaut　　　 想成为宇航员 2．evaluate the effects of low gravity 评估低重力的影响 3．kitchen cupboards 厨房用的橱柜 4．stare up at the ceiling 抬头看着天花板 5．a diplomatic mission 外交使命 6．a variety of creatures 种类繁多的生物 7．car maintenance 汽车保养 8．lead a life of luxury 过奢侈的生活 9．during our leisure time 在我们的闲暇时间 10．the rest of the crew 其他工作人员 11．permanent damage 永久性损伤 二、重点单词——写其形 1．float_out of the window 从窗口飘出 2. 3．family circumstance 家庭状况 4．be not visible to the naked eye 肉眼看不见 5．Furthermore,_I have no time to go shopping. 此外，我也没有时间去购物。 6．of vital importance 极其重要的 7. 8．altogether agree with you 完全同意你的意见 9．a kit for a model plane 一套飞机模型元件 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) exposure：“v＋－ure/ture”→n.　 ①press→pressure　　　　　 压力 ②depart→departure 启程 ③please→pleasure 高兴 ④mix→mixture 混合(物) ⑤fail→failure 失败 五、高级词块——通其用 1．come_to_an_end　　　　　 结束 2．differ_from 不同于 3．due_to 由于 4．attach_to 连接到；附在 5．conduct_scientific_research 进行科学研究 6．as_well_as 以及；此外；除……之外 7．carry_out_experiments 开展实验 8．cast_new_light_on 使进一步了解…… 9．lead_to 导致，造成(后果)；通向 10．do_some_cleaning 打扫卫生 11．take_place 发生；举行 12．in_the_circumstances 在这种情况下，既然如此 13．protect_...from 保护……免受 14．in_view_of 鉴于，考虑到 15．float_away 漂走 16．a_balanced_supply_of ……的均衡供应 17．be_of_vital_importance_to 对……至关重要 18．stop_sb.from_doing_sth. 阻止某人做某事 19．during_one's_leisure_time 在某人的闲暇时间 20．at_a_speed_of_... 以……的速度 1．Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around. 由于太空中近乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定住，才不会四处飘浮。 ★absence n．缺乏，不存在；缺席 |用|法|感|知| ·True ignorance is not the absence of knowledge, but the refusal to acquire it. 真正的无知不是知识的缺乏，而是拒绝获取知识。 ·(“道歉”类佳句) I am writing to apologize to you for my absence from/being absent from the activity of the English club on May 5th. 我写信向你道歉，因为我5月5日缺席了英语俱乐部的活动。 ·Absent－minded, she salted her tea. 因为心不在焉，她给茶加了盐。 归纳点拨 (1)absence of mind　　 心不在焉 in one's absence 在某人不在时 in the absence of 由于缺乏 (2)absent adj. 缺席的；不在的； 心不在焉的 be absent from 不参加；缺席 absent－minded adj. 心不在焉的；健忘的 名师点津 be absent from的反义词组为be present at(出席的；在场的)；absence的反义词为presence(出席；到场)。 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子) ①I got_somewhat_absent－minded and missed the last part of his speech. 我有点儿心不在焉，没有听到他最后的那段讲话。 ②Actually, learning English as a foreign language is very difficult in_the_absence_of a native language environment. 事实上，在没有母语环境的情况下，把英语作为一门外语来学习是非常困难的。 ③Many people are defeated by themselves before they really meet with challenges due to the_absence_of_confidence. 许多人因为缺乏信心，在真正遇到挑战之前就先被自己打败了。 2．It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. 尝试背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。 ★bother vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰vi.花费时间精力(做某事)n.麻烦，困难 |用|法|感|知| ·I'm sorry I have bothered you with/about so many questions. 很抱歉，问了你这么多问题，麻烦你了。 ·It bothers many people that they have to vote for their acquaintances and friends. 让许多人苦恼的是，他们不得不给熟人和朋友投票。 [归纳点拨] (1)bother to do/doing sth.　 费心做某事 bother sb.with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人 bother about/with sth./sb. 为某事而烦恼/为某人而费心 bother sb.to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 It bothers sb.that ... 使某人苦恼的是…… (2)put sb.to bother 给某人添乱 [易混辨析]　bother, disturb bother 指的是麻烦、拜托别人去做某件可能是对方不乐意做的事情 disturb 指的是别人在专心做某件事情，或者是在休息的时候，去打扰对方 |应|用|融|会| (句型转换/完成句子) ①That I can't keep up with others bothers me. →It_bothers/upsets_me_that_I_can't_keep_up_with_others. (it作形式主语) →What_bothers/upsets_me_is_that_I_can't_keep_up_with_others.(what引导主语从句) ②He didn't bother_to_answer/answering these easy questions. 他懒得回答这些简单的问题。 ③“I'm sorry to bother_you_with_my_personal_problems so late at night，” he continued, “But I'm in serious trouble.” “很抱歉为我的个人问题这么晚打扰您，”他继续说道，“但我遇到了严重的麻烦。” 3．The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding. 日常工作占用了一天里大部分时间，要求很高，但它们也会非常有意义。 ★occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 |用|法|感|知| ·As the final examinations draw near, we begin to occupy ourselves with the review of the term's work.　随着期末考试的临近，我们开始忙于复习这学期的功课。 ·(“道歉”类佳句)I'm sorry to tell you occupying myself in preparing my paper, I had no time for your party.　很抱歉告诉你，因为忙着准备论文，我抽不出时间去参加你的聚会了。 归纳点拨 忙于(做)某事 (2)occupation n．工作，职业；占领，占用 名师点津 (1)occupy oneself with ...在句中作状语时，应用occupying oneself with ...； (2)be occupied with/(in) doing sth.在句中作状语时，应用occupied with/(in) doing sth.。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①Occupied (occupy) in a very important experiment, he would not attend the party. ②It is good manners not to disturb others when they are occupied with their work. ③Mrs Green occupies herself in looking after her three children. →Mrs Green is_occupied_in_looking_after her three children. ④I was occupied in doing this project, so I had no time for social activities. →Occupied_in_doing_this_project,_I had no time for social activities.(过去分词短语作状语) →Occupying_myself_in_doing_this_project,_I had no time for social activities.(现在分词短语作状语) 4．Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection. 希望这个实验能使人们进一步了解地球气候，并更好地做好雷电防护。 ★cast new light on使进一步了解…… |用|法|感|知| ·Recent scientific discoveries have cast new light on the phenomenon, which bewildered the scientists for many years. 最近的科学发现使得人们对这一困惑了科学家多年的现象有了进一步了解。 ·(“景物描写”佳句)On the lazy Sunday afternoons，the sun shone through the leaves, casting shadows on the lawn.　在慵懒的周日下午，阳光穿过树叶，在草坪上投下阴影。 ·(“鼓励”类佳句)Don't be cast down by temporary failures.Make more attempts and you will create miracles in the end.　不要因为暂时的失败而沮丧。多尝试，最终你会创造奇迹。 [归纳点拨] cast/throw/shed light on/upon　　 弄清楚，使人明白 cast a glance/look at/toward ... 朝……瞧了瞧 cast/throw/shed a shadow on/over 给……蒙上阴影 cast down 使失望；使沮丧 cast sb.in the role of ... 选某人演……角色 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子) ①In learning English, we should not be_cast_down by temporary failures. 学英语时，我们不应该因暂时的失败而沮丧。 ②Recent research has cast/thrown/shed_new_light_on the causes of the disease. 最近的研究已使人们进一步了解了这种疾病的起因。 ③The stadium was crowded with people.She cast_a_glance_round the stands in search of a chair to sit in. 运动场挤满了人。她扫视了一眼周围的看台，想找个椅子坐下。 语言建构与运用同族词 (教材P19－B2内容的归纳拓展) 所谓同族词(family words)，便是由同一个词根衍生出来的一群实词。例如：differ，名词是difference，形容词是different，副词是differently。虽然这四个词的语音、词形、词类和词义都不同，但都来自共同的词根differ。同族词既然是由同一词根派生而成，它们之间便有“血脉”关系，而且在词义上，也常有相似之处。学习英语词汇时，可以利用同族词的这种特点把每组词集中起来加以记忆。如： 1．impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的印象 vi.留下印象；引人注目→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的；令人钦佩的→impressed adj.有深刻印象的→ impression n．印象；感想 2．confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．信心；信任；自信 3．organise vt.组织；筹备；安排；组建 vi.组建；成立→organisation n．组织；团体；机构→organiser n．组织者；主办机构→organised adj.有组织的；有条理的 4．injure vt.使受伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的；有伤的→injury n．伤害；损伤 5．strength n．力量；体力→strengthen vt.加强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的；坚强的 1．It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. 尝试背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。 感知将学语法——主语从句 本句中It's strange that ...意为“……是奇怪的”，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。 ①How much we will learn from the telescopes is mere limited by our imagination.(how much引导主语从句) 我们将从望远镜中学到多少仅仅受限于我们的想象力。 ②That the space mission went so well was beyond our expectations.(that引导主语从句) 太空任务进行得如此顺利，这超出了我们的预期。 ③Whether we can rise after failure depends not on the weight of our fall, but on the wings of our determination. 我们能否在失败后站起来，不取决于跌落的重力，而取决于决心的翅膀。 2．Splendid as the view of the Earth is, spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think. 尽管地球上的景色美妙绝伦，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。 (1)as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，从句用倒装语序，即“名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词＋as＋主语＋系动词/助动词”结构。用倒装语序时，如果表语是名词，提至句首时，前面不加冠词。例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. (2)as引导让步状语从句必须用倒装语序，though引导让步状语从句时，可以倒装，也可以不倒装，although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(改为倒装句) ①While I like it much, I will not buy it. →Much_as_I_like_it,_I will not buy it. ②Though it was hot, the kids still played football on the playground. →_Hot_as_it_was,_the kids still played football on the playground. ③Although they were tired, they stayed up preparing the report. →Tired_as/though_they_were,_they stayed up preparing the report. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④尽管取得了巨大的成功，我们也不应该骄傲。 Great success as_we_have_achieved,_we shouldn't be proud. ⑤尽管你想方设法，但你说服不了他。 Try_as_you_may,_you won't be able to persuade him. ⑥尽管我儿子是个孩子，但知道帮助我。 Child_as/though_my_son_is,_he knows to help me. 3．That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned. 这就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每次的太空行走。 (1)That's why ...意为“那就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句，强调结果。 (2)That/This is because ...意为“那/这是因为……”，强调原因。 (3)The reason why ...is that ...意为“……的原因是……”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①From space, the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy－one percent of its surface is covered by water. ②The reason why I ask to be a volunteer is that I can spread Chinese culture and make the world understand China better. ③Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④阅读英文书籍可以提高学生的写作能力。那就是我强烈建议学生多读英文书的原因。 Reading English books can enhance students' writing skills.That's_why I highly recommend students should read more English books. ⑤我不能守约的原因是我在踢足球时受了重伤。 The_reason_why_I_can't_keep_the_appointment_is_that I got seriously injured while playing football. ⑥无论贫富，我们都应该乐意为社会做点什么。这是因为给予是幸福的源泉。 Whether poor or rich, we should be happy to do something for society.This_is_because_giving_is_the_source_of_happiness. 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Daily life in space is different from ①that on the Earth — the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange! Astronauts have to attach ②themselves (them) while sleeping so that they don't float around. Their routine tasks that occupy most of the day are ③demanding (demand), but can also be extremely rewarding.The main mission is ④to_conduct (conduct) scientific research.Astronauts need to evaluate the effects of low gravity ⑤on animals and plants.As well as doing these ⑥biological (biology) experiments, they carry out experiments in other research fields.The most challenging work is to perform tasks outside the space station.They should put on their spacesuits to allow them to breathe in space and protect them from ⑦exposure (expose) to the cold and radiation.In view of the low－gravity environment, eating is also different in space.Most food is dried or freeze－dried.To keep healthy, they must ensure a ⑧balanced (balance) supply of nutrients by taking pills.Spending some time in the gym is of vital ⑨importance (important) to astronauts' health.During their leisure time, they like watching the earth go by and taking pictures, ⑩which are the most precious moments for them. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $