Unit 4 Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦“Reading”新知学习，以词汇学习为基础，涵盖阅读单词“知其义”、重点单词“写其形”、活用单词“悉其变”，通过拓展构词（如v.+ive→adj.）和高级词块（如devote oneself to）构建知识网络，结合重点句式（如be doing...when...）及语法填空，形成递进式学习支架。 资料特色在于分层培养语言能力，通过构词规律和同义词辨析提升思维品质，如“sensitive”构词串记及“attraction-appeal”同义替换。课中借助语境串记和例句辅助教学，课后通过应用融会练习（如句式升级）帮助学生查漏补缺，有效提升学习能力与语言运用效率。

Section Ⅱ　　“Reading”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．begin in earnest　　　　　 认真地开始 2．a very pretty butterfly 一只非常漂亮的蝴蝶 3．the wonder of literature 文学的奇妙之处 4．find a shell 找到一个贝壳 5．serve the people heart and soul 全心全意为人民服务 6．contain an element of risk 包含一定的风险因素 7．the author of the novel 小说的作者 8. 9．the upper class 上流社会 10．generation gap 代沟 11. 二、重点单词——写其形 1．appeal_to the ear 愉悦我们的耳朵 2．awaken sb. 唤醒某人 3．launch a new warship 下水一艘新军舰 4．contain two elements 包含两个元素 5. 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．sensitive：v.＋-ive→adj. ①attract→attractive　　　　　　 吸引人的 ②act→active 积极的，活跃的 ③construct→constructive 建设性的 ④compete→competitive 竞争的 ⑤relate→relative 相关的 2．universal：n.＋-al→adj. ①person→personal　　　　　　 个人的 ②nation→national 国家的；民族的 ③nature→natural 自然的 ④culture→cultural 文化的 五、高级词块——通其用 1．devote_oneself_to　　　　　 致力，专心，献身 2．with_wonder 惊奇地 3．a_range_of 一系列，各种 4．in_store_(for_sb.)_ 即将发生(在某人身上)， 等待着(某人) 5．make_an_effort_to_do 努力做…… 6．in_a_word_ 总之 7．be_capable_of_doing_sth. 有能力做某事 8．lie_in 在于 9．bring_...to_one's_attention 引起某人的注意 10．in_the_presence_of 在……面前；有……在场 11．take_on 具有；呈现；承担 12．in_summary 总的来说 13．draw_on_ 凭借，利用 1．My meaning simply is ... that whatever I have devoted myself to, I have devoted myself to completely. 我的意思就是……无论我献身于什么事业，都毫无保留地献身于它。 ★devote oneself to 致力，专心，献身 |用|法|感|知| •(“申请”类佳句)If I am chosen, I will devote myself to being a qualified volunteer. 如果被选中，我将努力做一名合格的志愿者。 •Her whole life was devoted to caring for the sick and needy.　她一生致力于照顾贫病交迫的人。 •(“人物描写”佳句)Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of education. 大家异口同声地称赞她献身教育事业的精神。 归纳点拨 (1)devote vt.　　　　专心于；献身 devote ... to ... 把……奉献于……； 把……专注于…… be devoted to ... 专心于……；奉献于…… (2)devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的 (3)devotion n. 忠诚；挚爱；奉献 名师点津 以上短语中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping (help) others. ②The dog had such devotion (devote) to his master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead. (2)句式升级 She devoted herself to practicing and became one of the world's best swimmers. ③Devoting_herself_to_practicing, she became one of the world's best swimmers.(用现在分词短语作状语) ④Devoted_to_practicing, she became one of the world's best swimmers.(用过去分词短语作状语) [语境串记]　　Mrs White, a devoted friend of mine, devoted all her time and energy to her career, and her devotion to children won the respect of all of us. 怀特夫人，我的一个忠诚的朋友，把她所有的时间和精力都献给了她的事业。她对孩子们的奉献赢得了我们所有人的尊重。 2．Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. 让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵，或者让一部巨著触动我们的心灵，这样我们就会发现一个全新的世界，一个充满梦想和魔力的世界。 ★appeal vi.有吸引力；申诉；呼吁 n．吸引力；申诉；呼吁 |用|法|感|知| •This book will appeal to anyone who insists on finding the deepest meaning for their existence. 这本书将吸引那些坚持寻找生命深刻意义的人。 •(“倡议”类佳句)Therefore, we make an appeal to everyone to love our planet and protect the environment. 因此，我们呼吁人人爱护我们的地球，保护环境。 •After all, not everybody thinks running, jumping or ball games appealing. 毕竟，并不是每个人都认为跑步、跳跃或球赛很有吸引力。 归纳点拨 (1)appeal to sb.　　 对某人有吸引力；使某人感兴趣 appeal to sb.for ... 为……向某人呼吁或请求 appeal to sb.to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事 (2)make an appeal to sb.for ... 为……向某人呼吁或请求 make an appeal to sb.to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 (3)appealing adj. 有吸引力的，吸引人的；恳求的 联想发散 表示“引人注目的，吸引人的”常用词还有：attractive、 charming、 eye-catching、 absorbing、 fascinating等。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Whenever documentaries about China are broadcast, they appeal to many foreigners. ②We're appealing to anyone who saw the old lady to_contact (contact) us. ③Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing (appeal)． (2)一句多译 我们呼吁当地政府建立一座新图书馆。 ④We appeal_to_the_local_government_to_set_up a new library.(appeal v．) ⑤We make_an_appeal_to_the_local_government_to_set_up a new library.(appeal n．) 3．The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities. 第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。 ★determine vt.确定；支配；决心 vi.决心 |用|法|感|知| •He has determined/is determined to appeal to the local government to take measures to protect the cultural relics. →He has determined that he will appeal to the local government to take measures to protect the cultural relics. 他决定呼吁当地政府采取措施保护文化遗产。 •Where he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. 在他曾经想要放弃的地方，现在他有了继续前进的决心。 [归纳点拨] (1)determine to do sth. 下定决心做某事(表示动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth.　 决定(做)某事 determine that ... 决定…… (2)determined adj. 坚决的；有决心的 be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态) (3)determination n. 决定；决心 with determination 果断地；坚定地 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①I have determined upon becoming (become) a volunteer. ②I'm determined to_perform (perform) well in the final exam, so I'm occupied in preparing for it. ③It was her hard work and determination (determine) that got her into medical school. ④The determined (determine) look on his face showed that he had enough confidence in himself. (2)一句多译 因为决心按时完成这项工作，他们立即着手工作。 ⑤Because_they_were_determined_to_complete_the_job_on_time,_they set out to work immediately.(原因状语从句) ⑥Determined_to_complete_the_job_on_time,_they set out to work immediately.(形容词短语作状语) ★significant adj.有重要意义的，显著的 |用|法|感|知| •No matter how the Spring Festival customs change, they are still very significant for the Chinese people. 无论春节的习俗如何变化，它们对中国人民来说仍然有重大意义。 •The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease. 这种新药对于这一疾病的治疗有重大意义。 •The two sets of figures are not significantly different. 这两组数字没有明显的差别。 [归纳点拨] (1)be significant for　　　　　 对……是重要的 be significant＝be of significance 有意义；重要的 (2)significance n． 意义；重要性；重要意义 be of (great/little/no) significance 有(重大/很小/无)意义； (非常/不太/不)重要 attach significance to ... 认为……重要 (3)significantly adv. 重要地；明显地 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/同义句转换) ①The Mid-Autumn Festival is significant for every Chinese because it is a special occasion for family reunion. ②In my view, practicing handwriting is very significant (significance) for the students' growth. ③National Day, which is of great significance, falls on October 1st every year. →National Day, which is_very_significant, falls on October 1st every year. 4．The first quality of literature is its description of truth and beauty. 文学的第一个特质是它对真与美的描写。 ★description n．描述，形容，说明 |用|法|感|知| •His description was so vivid that all the classmates were attracted. 他的描述很生动，吸引了所有的同学。 •It is thought that the scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description. 人们认为西湖的景色美得无法形容。 •He is routinely described as the greatest scientist since Einstein. 他通常被认为是继爱因斯坦之后最伟大的科学家。 [归纳点拨] (1)beyond description　 无法形容，无法描述 (2)describe v. 描述；形容；把……称为 describe sth.to sb. 向某人描述某事 describe ...as ... 把……描述为/称为…… |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/同义句转换) ①Can you describe your new school to me？ ②China has been described as an “emerging economic powerhouse”． ③It's quite hard to describe the view from the top of the mountain. →The view from the top of the mountain was quite beyond_description. 5．Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unnoticed sounds. 有些真与美一直被忽视，直到一个敏锐的人类灵魂让它们引起我们的注意，正如贝壳捕捉到了我们未曾注意的声音一样。 ★reflect vt.& vi.反映，显示；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；沉思；思考 |用|法|感|知| •(“景物描写”佳句)As the small boat moved gently along the river, the mountains were silently reflected in the water. 当小船沿着河流轻轻地移动时，群山静静地倒映在水中。 •Only if you spend time reflecting on/upon your life and work will you have a bright future. 你只有花时间反思自己的生活和工作，才会有一个光明的未来。 [归纳点拨] (1)reflect ...in ...　　 在……中映出……的影像 reflect sth.from sth. 从某物(表面)反射(声、光、热等) reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事 (2)reflection n． 反映；反射；反照；影像；沉思 be lost in reflection 陷入沉思 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①It is not the story itself but what is_reflected (reflect) in the story that counts. ②She was lost in reflection (reflect) on seeing a moving scene in the movie. ③Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting_on/upon_how_to_learn_efficiently. 如果你养成思考怎样有效学习的习惯，作为一名学生，你的表现将会非常优秀。 6．One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before. 读到这句诗的人便能看到以前隐匿在眼前的美。 ★capable adj.有能力，有才能；能力强的 |用|法|感|知| •Anyone keen on English writing and capable of word processing is expected to apply. 任何对英语写作有兴趣和具有文字处理能力的人都可以申请。 •The research shows that preschool children are capable of thinking in abstract terms. 研究表明，学龄前儿童具有抽象思维能力。 •He is too young to have the capability to care for himself.　 他太小了，没有能力照顾自己。 [归纳点拨] (1)be capable of ...　　　　 有能力…… (2)capability n. 能力；才能 the capability to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事的能力 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Every student in the class is capable of passing the exam. (2)一句多译 动物园的动物已经丧失了自己捕食的能力。 ②Animals in the zoo have lost the_capability_to_catch_food for themselves. ③Animals in the zoo have lost the_capability_of_catching_food for themselves. 7．To achieve this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style. 要实现这一点，它须包含两个要素：广泛的关切和个人的风格。 ★contain vt.包含，含有，容纳；控制 |用|法|感|知| •The novel contains too much dialogue and not enough narrative. 这部小说对话过多，而叙述不足。 •(“情绪描写”佳句)When he saw the scene, he could not contain himself with anger. 当他看到这一幕时，他不禁火冒三丈。 归纳点拨 (1)contain oneself　克制自我；控制自己的情绪 (2)container n. 容器 轻巧识记 图解contain与include [易混辨析]　contain, include contain “包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指包含全部内容或数量，也可指里面所包含的成分，不用于进行时态，表示“容纳”时相当于 hold。 include “包含，连……在内；计入；算入；包括”，用于表示所包含事物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。including 为介词，放在所包括的事物之前；included为形容词，放在被修饰的名词之后。 |应|用|融|会| (1)选词填空(contain, include) ①The container contains many kinds of fruits, including pineapples/pineapples included. (2)单句语法填空 ②She could hardly contain herself (her) with delight when she opened the parcel. ③He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing (contain) the best advice I've ever received. 语言建构与运用同义词与反义词 (教材P47－B2内容的归纳拓展) 课文中为增加语言的灵活性、生动性，使用了一些同义词及反义词，如attraction—appeal、 look—see、 find—discover、 in a word—in summary及new—old、 love—hate、 joy—sadness 等。 (一)写作中恰当运用同义词可以避免用词重复的现象，使语言丰富多变，表达更加精确。以下是一些常见的同义词： 解决 solve, resolve, deal with, cope with, handle, tackle 消除 get rid of, eradicate, eliminate 依赖 rely on, depend on, count on 十分 very much, immensely, hugely, largely, greatly, enormously, tremendously 损害 damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair 给予 give, offer, render, impart, provide 发展 develop, cultivate, foster 优势 advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength 缺陷 disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness 　　 (二)写作中灵活运用反义词，可以揭示事物的矛盾，形成意思的鲜明对照和映衬，从而把事物的特点深刻地表示出来。以下是一些常见的反义词： allow/permit 允许→forbid 禁止 appear 出现→disappear 消失 attack 进攻→defend 防守 believe 相信→doubt 怀疑 blame 责备→praise 表扬 create 创造/found 建立→destroy/ruin 毁坏→rebuild 重建 cover覆盖→discover 发现→uncover 暴露 divide/separate(使)分开→unite 使结合，联合/combine 使结合 fill 充满→empty 倒空→lack 缺少 fail 失败→succeed 成功 fall 落下→rise 上升→sink 下沉 fold 折叠→unfold 展开 gain 获得→lose 失去 hope 希望→disappoint 失望 increase 增加→decrease 减少 support 支持→oppose 反对，抗争 1．A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 孩子和男人正在海滩上散步，这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳，把它放到了耳边。 be doing ...when ...意为“正在做……这时(突然)……”，when在本句中是并列连词，连接并列句，表示“这时；突然”，相当于and at this/that time。 when用作并列连词的句型还有： ①be about to do ...when ...正要做……这时(突然)…… ②be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……这时(突然)…… ③had just done ...when ... 刚做完……这时(突然)…… “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①I was conducting a chemistry experiment and at that time there was a sudden power failure. →I was_conducting_a_chemistry_experiment_when there was a sudden power failure. ②(2023·浙江1月高考写作)I was just about to leave and at that time the hummingbird (蜂鸟) appeared. →I_was_just_about_to_leave_when_the_hummingbird_appeared. ③Seated in the classroom, I was about to take my books out when I became frozen. →Seated in the classroom, I was_on_the_point_of_taking_my_books_out_when I became frozen. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④我正在看足球赛，这时他走了进来。 I was_watching_the_football_match_when he came in. ⑤她正要出去，这时开始下起雨来了。 She was_on_the_point_of_going_out_when it began to rain. ⑥我刚完成试卷，这时铃声响了，宣告考试结束。 I_had_just_finished_my_test_paper_when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over. 2．What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old. 使孩子感到惊奇的不是一个新的世界，而是那些没有被注意的古老的音乐。 (1)not ...but ...意为“不是……，而是……”，在句中连接两个并列成分。 (2)当not ...but ...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近一致”原则。遵循“就近一致”原则的还有or、 not only ...but also ...、 either ...or ...、 neither ...nor ...等。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①It is often said that the joy of travelling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself. ②In my opinion, it is not the passengers but the driver who is_to_blame (blame)． ③Not you but the interpreter is (be) to answer for it. ④Not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits (benefit) our work most. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ⑤是你现在做的事情而不是你说的话对你今后的生活有重大影响。 It is not_what_you_say_now_but_what_you_do that makes a great difference to your life tomorrow. ⑥他证明了并不是发生在我们身上的事情决定了我们的生活，而是我们如何利用所发生的事情。 He proved that it's not_what_happens_to_us that determines our lives but how we make use of what happens. ⑦这次经历带给我的不是疲劳，而是放松和接近大自然。 The experience brought me not fatigue but_relaxation_and_closeness_to_nature. ⑧幸福不是想要我们没有的，而是享受我们拥有的。 Happiness is not wishing for what we don't have, but_enjoying_what_we_do_possess. 3．Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. 每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。 本句为“介词＋系动词＋主语”构成的全部倒装句。全部倒装句式的结构为： (1)表示地点的介词(短语)/表示时间、地点的副词/形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语。 (2)表示方位、时间、地点的副词(out、 in、 up、 away等)＋动词＋主语。 (3)There be句型也是一种完全倒装句，be动词可用stand、 live、 exist、 lie、 remain、 seem、 appear等来代替。 [名师点津]　 (1)在全部倒装句中，谓语动词的单复数由其后的主语决定。 There stand a lot of statues of famous historical figures in the public square. 公共广场上矗立着许多著名历史人物的雕像。 (2)当主语是人称代词时，不用倒装语序。 Look at the little dog! Here it runs. 看那条小狗！它跑过来了。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(用倒装结构改写) ① The school headmaster, teachers, students and some of the students' parents were present at this year's music festival. →Present_at_this_year's_music_festival_were the school headmaster, teachers, students and some of the students' parents. ②An old temple stood in the distance, which has a history of 1,000 years. →In_the_distance_stood_an_old_temple, which has a history of 1,000 years. ③The tips on how to learn English are equally attractive, which are of great significance to my English study. →Equally_attractive_are_the_tips on how to learn English, which are of great significance to my English study. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④然后年终颁奖典礼终于来临了。 Then_came_the_final_awards_ceremony at the end of the year. ⑤山脚下有一个农场，四周绿树成荫，有一条小河流过。 At_the_foot_of_the_hill_lies a farm which is surrounded by green trees with a small river flowing through it. 课文缩写语法填空 根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The wonder of literature While ①walking (walk) on the beach, a child found a shell, from which he heard strange, low, musical sounds ②that seemed to be from another world, and the child listened to them with wonder.Actually, ③what amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old. Such experience as this ④lies (lie) in store for us when we begin the study of literature.But if we want to enter and enjoy a new world, we need to love literature and try our best to explain it.Only when we know the background of literature can we reach a point ⑤where we wish to enjoy and understand literature.The first step is ⑥to_determine (determine) some significant qualities of it. The first quality of literature is its ⑦description (describe) of truth and beauty, and it is not until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention that we can see the unnoticed truth and beauty.The second quality is its attraction ⑧to our feelings and imagination, which lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says.The third quality is its permanence.⑨To_achieve (achieve) this, it should contain two elements: universal interest and personal style. To sum up, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, ⑩and the history of the human soul. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $