Unit 1 Section Ⅱ “Reading”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册教师用书word（译林版）

本高中英语讲义围绕雨林主题，构建“基础词汇—构词规律—高级词块—词汇用法—语法结构—语篇理解”的递进学习支架，系统梳理阅读单词、重点单词，通过拓展构词（如continental的“n.＋-al→adj.”规律）、高级词块（如do harm to, break down）及词汇用法（如harm, variety的多维度解析），衔接定语从句、倒装句等语法点与课文缩写七选五练习。 该资料以语境化教学为特色，通过构词规律串记（如threat→threaten）培养学习能力，结合例句与“应用融会”训练提升语言运用能力，语法讲解与语篇练习（如七选五）助力思维品质发展。课中辅助教师分层教学，课后便于学生通过词汇拓展、语法梳理查漏补缺，强化知识内化。

Section Ⅱ　“Reading”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．the problem of soil protection 土壤保护问题 2．the richest biodiversity　 最丰富的生物多样性 3．this tall and ancient brazil nut tree 这棵高大、古老的巴西坚果树 4．the towering ancient hardwoods 高耸、古老的阔叶树 5．feed on insects 以昆虫为食 6．a tiny army of microorganisms 一小支微生物军队 7．return the nutrients to the earth 让营养素重回土壤之中 8．by fixing carbon 通过固定碳 9．over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen 占全球总量20%以上的氧气 10．such as agriculture and cattle farming 例如农耕和养牛 二、重点单词——写其形 1．overseas students　　　　　 海外留学生 2．one region of France 一块法国的领地 3．6 million square kilometres 600万平方千米 4．endangered species 濒危物种 5．protect wildlife 保护野生动植物 6．beneath the ocean's surface 在海平面以下 7．weapons of mass destruction 大规模杀伤性武器 8．all living_things 所有生物 9．Thus,_it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”． 因此，它常常被称作“地球之肺”。 10. 11. 12．stop climate change 　 阻止气候变化 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．continental: n．＋－al→adj.　 ①addition→additional　　　　 附加的，额外的 ②internation→international 国际的 ③culture→cultural 文化的；教养的 ④person→personal 个人的，私人的 2．lengthen: n．＋－en→vt.　 ①threat→threaten 威胁，恐吓 ②strength→strengthen 加强；巩固 ③height→heighten 提高，增强 ④fright→frighten 使惊吓，使惊恐 五、高级词块——通其用 1．do_harm_to　　　　 给……带来/造成危害 2．cut_down 砍倒 3．a_variety_of 各种各样的；大量的 4．feed_on 以……为食 5．in_turn 相应地，转而 6．break_down 使分解(为)，使变化(成) 7．breathe_life_into 给……带来起色，注入活力 8．due_to 由于，因为 9．be_home_to 是……的栖息地 10．build_up 逐渐增加，扩大 1．The human race has done much harm. 人类已经造成巨大伤害。 ★harm n．& vt.伤害，损害 |用|法|感|知| •This misunderstanding didn't harm our friendship.If anything, it strengthened it. 这次的误会并没有损害我们的友谊。如果有什么的话，它反而巩固了我们的友谊。 •As we all know, smoking does great harm to people's health. 众所周知，吸烟对人们的健康非常有害。 •There is no harm in asking when you can't understand them. 当你不能理解它们时，问一下是没有坏处的。 [归纳点拨] (1)do/cause harm to ...　　　 有害于……； 对……造成损害 There is no harm in doing sth. ＝It does no harm to do sth. 做某事没有坏处 (2)harmful adj. 有害的 be harmful to ... 对……有害 (3)harmless adj. 无害的 |应|用|融|会| (一句多译) 　众所周知，观看暴力电视节目真的对孩子们有害。 ①As we all know, watching violence on TV really harms_children.(harm vt.) ②As we all know, watching violence on TV really does/causes_harm_to_children.(harm n．) ③As we all know, watching violence on TV is really harmful_to_children.(harmful adj.) 2．The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. 雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。 ★variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 |用|法|感|知| •(2023·浙江1月高考写作)I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned a lot about uses of various plant species. 我被我们这个世界上存在的植物种类震惊，对于各种植物的用途也了解了很多。 •There will be a wide variety of activities to celebrate this unforgettable occasion. 将有各种各样的活动来庆祝这个难忘的时刻。 •The research team is made up of pupils whose ages vary from 10 to 15. 研究小组由年龄从10岁到15岁不等的学生组成。 [归纳点拨] (1)a variety of ＝ varieties of 各种各样的 (2)vary v．　　　　　　 (使)变化；不同 vary from ...to ... 从……到……不等； 在……到……之间变动 vary with ... 随着……而变化 vary in ... 在……方面不同/变化 (3)various adj. 不同的，各种各样的(一般用于名词前) |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Changes in price normally vary with changes of supply and need. ②Though Lucy and Lily are twins, they vary in character. ③I recommend the capital city, Beijing, to you, for it is an amazing city with a long history and various/a_variety_of/varieties_of places of interest. 我向你推荐首都北京，因为它是一座历史悠久、拥有众多名胜古迹的神奇城市。 (2)替换加黑词汇 ④Now, through various media, everyone is more aware of environmental and development issues there.a_variety_of 3．While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain. 尽管这里生存着数量可观的美洲豹，但它们仅仅是雨林食物链上的一环。 ★survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难 |用|法|感|知| •(“倡议”类佳句)To make sure these beautiful animals are to survive, we should take action right now. 若要使这些美丽的动物生存下去，我们现在就要行动起来。 •(“自然灾害”主题佳句)After we survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right. 那天晚上我们幸存下来后，我们相信其他一切都会好起来的。 •She survived her husband by ten years. 她比她丈夫多活了十年。 归纳点拨 (1)survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/活下来 survive on 依靠……生存下来 A survive B (by ...) A比B活得长(……) (2)survivor n. 幸存者；生还者 survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物 名师点津 survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in、 from等。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Using a cave as shelter, the two men survived on wild berries and raw fish. ②Survivors (survive) of the accident were rushed to the nearest hospital in no time. ③For a sudden heart failure, the best chance for survival (survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly. (2)替换加黑词汇 ④The tradition of paper－cutting, especially during the Spring Festival, has existed in China for thousands of years.survived 4．When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. 美洲豹死后，一小支微生物军队会助力其尸体的分解，让营养素重回土壤之中。 ★break down使分解(为)，使变化(成)；(机器)出故障；(身体)垮掉；(谈判)失败；消除 |用|法|感|知| •(“建议”类佳句)Communication can help break down the barriers between you and your parents. 交流有助于消除你和父母之间的隔阂。 •(“心理描写”佳句)She longed to break in on their conversation but didn't want to appear rude. 她很想打断他们的谈话，但又不愿显得粗鲁。 归纳点拨 break in　　　　 强行进入；打断(谈话)，插嘴 break into　　　 闯入，破门而入 break out 爆发，突然发生 break through 突破；克服，战胜 break away (from) 挣脱(束缚)；脱离；摆脱 break off 中断；折断 轻巧识记 |应|用|融|会| (1)写出下列句中加黑部分的含义 ①The printing machines are always breaking down.(机器)出故障 ②Food is broken down in the stomach.分解 ③His health broke down because he had been working too hard.(身体)垮掉 ④The talks between the two sides have broken down.(谈判)失败 ⑤It takes a long time to break down prejudices.消除 (2)单句语法填空 ⑥Mother broke into my room and told me not to stay up or I would break down. ⑦I was still sleeping when the fire broke out,_and then it spread quickly. ⑧Only then did I realize that it was so foolish of me to break away from all of my friends and never contact them. 5．Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. 在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，17%的雨林已经消失了。 ★due to由于，因为(to是介词) |用|法|感|知| •(名言警句)Failure is due to the neglect of the fine place, the success of the small. 失败源于忽视细节，成功始于重视小事。 •Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 不是你就是你的一个学生要参加定于明天的会议。 •(“情绪描写”佳句)We finally lost the match due to a lack of confidence and everyone was terribly depressed.由于缺乏自信，我们最终输掉了比赛，每个人都沮丧极了。 归纳点拨 due adj. 由于，因为；预定；预期；应给予 be due to do sth. 预计/预期做某事 (to为不定式符号) be due to sb. 应付给/应给予某人(to为介词) be due for sth. 应用某物；应得到某物 联想发散 表示“由于；因为”的其他短语：on account of；because of; as a result of等。 |应|用|融|会| (1)替换加黑词汇 ①Because of my English teacher's help, my English scores are always on the top of my class.Due_to (2)完成句子 ②The company's problems are_due_to the poor management. 这家公司的问题是由于管理不善造成的。 ③She is_due_to_complete her studies and graduate later this year. 她预计今年晚些时候就要完成学业并毕业了。 ④Due_to_the_rapid_development_of_the_Internet,_we can take advantage of various online programs for further study.　由于互联网的快速发展，我们可以利用各种在线课程进行进一步的学习。 6．As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？ 随着人类活动影响的不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？ ★impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击 |用|法|感|知| •(“人物描写”佳句)He is compassionate, honest and a thorough professional and his coaching has had a profound impact on my life. 他富有同情心，为人诚恳，是一个全面的专业人士，他的指导对我的生活产生了深远的影响。 •(2023·全国甲卷书面表达)Besides, he proposed the establishment of a national school system, which made a far－reaching impact on the Chinese educational system.此外，他还倡导在全国各地建立学校体系，这对中国的教育制度产生了深远的影响。 •The invention and application of the Internet impact on all aspects of people's life. 互联网的发明和应用影响了人们生活的各个方面。 [归纳点拨] (1)have/make an impact on/upon sth./sb. 对某物/某人有影响 (2)impact on/upon ... 对……有影响/作用 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Different cultural settings impact on/upon consumers' decision－making styles. ②They say they expect the meeting to have a great impact on the future of the country. (2)替换加黑词汇 ③After the summer vacation, we couldn't return to school due to the effect/influence of the earthquake.impact 7．... it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. ……土壤很难积累足够的养分。 ★build up逐渐增加，扩大；增强……的体质；建立；开发；积累 |用|法|感|知| •(“活动介绍”佳句)By participating in such activities, we built up our strength, improved our skills and strengthened our sense of cooperation. 通过参加这些活动，我们强健了体魄，提高了技能，增强了合作意识。 •The more confidence you build up in yourself, the greater your chances of success are. 你树立的自信心越强，成功的把握就越大。 [归纳点拨] pick up　　　 捡起；(无意中)学会； 接收；搭载；(情况)好转 take up 拿起；开始从事；占据(时间或空间) make up 编造；组成；化妆 break up 分裂；打碎；结束；解体；分手；放假 |应|用|融|会| (1)写出下列句中加黑部分的含义 ①To learn a language well, you must build up useful vocabularies.积累 ②His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐渐增强 ③Taking exercise not only keeps the students amused, but also builds up their strength.增强……的体质 ④Therefore, let's take the responsibility to build up a low－carbon city by riding bicycles.建立 (2)完成句子 ⑤In China, the shape of dumplings is like jinyuanbao, a kind of money, which symbolizes that your_wealth_will_build_up next year. 在中国，饺子的形状就像“金元宝”——一种货币， 它象征着你的财富将在来年越积越多。 ⑥It didn't take me long to pick_up_the_basic_knowledge_of_the_language. 我很快就学会了这门语言的基础知识。 语言建构与运用否定前缀 (教材P5－B2内容的归纳拓展) 文中出现了unbelievable、 disappear、 irreplaceable、 non－smoking等词。这些词是由否定前缀un－、dis－、ir－/in－/im－/il－、non－构成。这些否定前缀主要放于名词、形容词、副词或动词前来构成它们的反义词，意为“未，不，无”等。 1．un－主要放于名词、形容词、副词前来构成反义词，意为“未，不，无”等，以un－为否定前缀的词有： important→unimportant　　 不重要的 comfortable→uncomfortable 不舒服的 friendly→unfriendly 不友好的 employment→unemployment 失业 luckily→unluckily 不幸地 2．dis－主要加在名词、形容词、动词之前，意为“不，无”等，以dis－为否定前缀的词有： advantage→disadvantage　　 缺点 honest→dishonest 不诚实的 agree→disagree 不同意 like→dislike 不喜欢 appear→disappear 消失 3．ir－放在以r开头的单词之前，意为“不”，以ir－为否定前缀的词有： regular→irregular　　　　 不规则的；无规律的 resistable→irresistable 不可抵抗的 relevant→irrelevant 无关紧要的；不相关的 4．in－常加在形容词、名词之前，意为“不，无”，以in－为否定前缀的词有： correct→incorrect　　　　　 不正确的 ability→inability 无能，无力 accurate→inaccurate 不准确的 5．im－加在以字母m、b、p开头的单词之前，意为“不”，以im－为否定前缀的词有： possible→impossible　　　　 不可能的 polite→impolite 不礼貌的 moral→immoral 不道德的 6．il－主要加在以l开头的单词之前，意为“非，不”，以il－为否定前缀的词有： legal→illegal　　　　　 非法的 logical→illogical 不合逻辑的 7．non－加在形容词、名词之前，意为“不”，以non－为否定前缀的词有： existence→non－existence　　　　 不存在 stop→non－stop 不停的 [对点训练]　(用否定前缀构成的反义词填空) ①Her nervousness quickly disappeared (appear) once she was on stage. ②There is an irregular (regular) rain in Sahara desert every year. ③The shoes are so small that they are uncomfortable (comfortable) to wear. ④If someone does not show good manners to others, he is impolite (polite)． ⑤Jim is so dishonest (honest) a man that no one believes him. ⑥It's unfriendly (friendly) of him to say such rude words to his classmates. ⑦This argument sounds reasonable, but actually it's incorrect (correct)． ⑧Parents should realize that it's illegal (legal) to read their children's letters without permission. 1．The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length ... 亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6 400千米…… 本句是一个含有非限制性定语从句的复合句。from which the rainforest gets its name 是由“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，which指代先行词The Amazon River，在从句中作宾语。“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时要注意以下几点： (1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词一般用whom(先行词指人)或which(先行词指物)。 (2)某些在从句中充当时间、地点、原因等状语的“介词＋关系代词”结构可以同关系副词when、 where、 why互换。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①The colourless gas, without which we can't live, is called oxygen. ②This is the teacher from whom we've learnt a lot. ③Courage is the ladder on which all the other virtues mount. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)感谢你的帮助。没有你的帮助我可能就错过了这次重要的会议。 Thank you for your help, without_which_I_could_have_missed_the_important_conference. ⑤湿地是多种野生动物生存的自然环境。 The wetlands are the natural environment, in_which_a_huge_variety_of_wildlife_lives. 2．Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。 本句是表示方位的介词置于句首时引起的全部倒装句。 (1)表示时间(now、 then等)、方向或方位的副词(here、 there、 up、 down、 in、 out、 away、 off、 inside、 outside等)以及表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语为名词时，句子要用全部倒装。 (2)上述情况中，若主语为人称代词，而不是名词时，则主谓语序不变。如： There he comes.他来了。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(改为倒装句) ①A few high buildings stand inside our school. →Inside_our_school_stand a few high buildings. ②My friend Jim was among them. →Among_them_was my friend Jim. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③坐在前面的是一位老人，他给我们讲述了长征的故事。 Ahead sat_the_old_man who told us the stories about the Long March. ④(2024·1月新高考9省联考卷)他们惊讶地发现，在过滤箱(filter box)后面是收集来的各种各样的物体。 They found in surprise that behind_the_filter_box_is a collection of various objects. 课文缩写七选五 根据课文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Amazon rainforest, which is the largest rainforest in the world, plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. __1__With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length — roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.__2__They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here. Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon.The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.__3__What's more, more than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen.__4__ Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us.Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming.__5__ We are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？ A．Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”． B．Each level forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things. C．The Amazon rainforest is very important because it is home to thousands of animals and plants. D．As a result, the number of kinds of animals, birds, insects and trees in the world is decreasing. E．On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. F．As the impact of human activities continues to grow, the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer. G．The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. 答案：1～5　GEBAF 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $