内容正文:
附:《阅读·久久为功》
一、背主题名句,写大气文章
1.Keep what you say and carry out what you do.
言必信,行必果。
2.Virtue is not left to stand alone.He who practices it will have neighbors.
德不孤,必有邻。
3.Do not impose on others what you yourself do not desire.
己所不欲,勿施于人。
4.Respecting others is respecting yourself.
尊重别人就是尊重自己。
5.Understanding is definitely the soil of bringing up all the fruits of friendship.
理解绝对是培育一切友情之果的土壤。
6.People who are not tolerant of others are unworthy of being tolerated by others.
不会宽容别人的人是不配受到别人宽容的。
二、课文不厌百遍读,书中自有“黄金屋”
课文1 Absolute agony! Our Agony Aunt answers your questions.
(深陷痛苦!知心阿姨为你答疑解惑)
Dear Agony Aunt,
I'm in a total mess here — hope you can help me out!
I'm 17, and a member of our school basketball team.I'm crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, .We played well, but I felt the team were let down by one member, our point guard.The point guard is a key player, but it was like he wasn't even on the court! ,I said all this to my best friend.I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else .
This is so totally awkward.I'm really angry with my friend — what should I say to him? And should I say anything at all to my teammate?
, I can't concentrate on anything.Please help!
Ben
[课文对译]
尊敬的知心阿姨:
我这儿一团糟,希望您能帮我一把!
我今年17岁,是学校篮球队的一员。我酷爱打篮球,打得也很好,也许正因如此,在我们队输掉了最近的比赛时我相当恼怒。我们打得不错,但我感觉整个团队都被一个队友拖累了,那就是我们的控球后卫。控球后卫是队里的关键球员,但他却好像不在场上似的!我对他的所作所为感到失望,就把这些全部告诉了我最好的朋友。我其实只是想发泄一下怒气,因为我太生气了,可我的朋友随后却把我的话告诉了所有人。
这太让人难堪了。我对朋友气恼不已,我应该对他说些什么?另外,我是否应该对我的队友说点什么?
我既尴尬又羞愧,做什么事都无法集中精力。请您帮帮我吧!
本
[难句破解]
句① which引导的定语从句修饰前面的主句,why引导表语从句,when引导时间状语从句。
句② 形容词短语在句中作状语,表示原因。
句③ what I'd said是名词性从句,在句中作told的直接宾语。
句④ Embarrassed and ashamed是过去分词形式的形容词短语,在句中作状语, 表示伴随。
Dear Ben,
There is an old American saying, “Loose lips sink ships.” This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don't know so well, it'll cause all kinds of
⑤
trouble.
The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend's. you're sure to feel hurt — we should always be able to trust those closest to us, and it hurts even more when we find we can't.
But I have to say that it's partly your fault, isn't it? You admit that you were “letting off steam”.It is understandable in that situation, but we should always think before we speak.
[课文对译]
亲爱的本:
美国有一句老话:“口风不紧船舰沉。”意思是说如果你对某件事谈论得过多,尤其是跟你不太了解的人谈论,会招来各种各样的麻烦。
你的情况更为糟糕,因为“口风不紧”的人是你最好的朋友。被这样对待,你一定觉得受到了伤害——我们应该一直能够信赖最亲近的人,当我们发现他们不能信赖时,就更伤心了。
不过我不得不说你也有一部分责任,不是吗?你承认了你“只是想发泄一下怒气”。这在当时的情况下可以理解,但我们在说话前应该先想清楚。
[难句破解]
句⑤ means后为that引导的宾语从句,其中又包含if引导的条件状语从句,该状语从句中又包含who引导的定语从句。
句⑥ Treated this way是过去分词短语作状语,表示原因。
Here's .First, apologise to your teammate.If you ever want to win any more basketball games (and I'm sure you do!), you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts.So have a chat with your teammate.Tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking.
Then, talk to your friend.Friendship should be one of the greatest things in the world, but sometimes it can be difficult.Again, your strategy is clear communication.Tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on.Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour.Don't say too much when you're angry! This gives people the wrong signal.Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later.If you feel one of your teammates isn't pulling their weight, then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach.
If you think about other people's feelings as well as your own, you'll soon find everything works out.
Good luck!
Agony Aunt
[课文对译]
现在你应该这么做。第一步,向你的队友道歉。如果你们以后篮球比赛还想赢球(我肯定你们一定想赢!),你们就必须团结合作,这就意味着你们彼此间必须沟通清楚,解决矛盾。所以,找你那位队友聊聊吧,直接诚恳地告诉他你当时的话没有经过认真考虑。
第二步,和你的朋友聊聊吧。友谊应该是世上最好的事物之一了,但有时也会有些麻烦。同样,你的策略是进行清楚明确的沟通。告诉你的朋友,他传话的行为让情况更糟糕了,你对此很生气,但你想让事情就此过去。通过这个方式处理,你们的友谊很快就会被修复。
第三步,也许是最重要的一点,你要反思自己的行为。生气的时候不要说太多话!满腔怒火的时候,你往往想到什么就说什么。这会给别人错误的信号。深呼吸,冷静下来,并时刻记住:先思而后言。如果你觉得某个队友没有尽职尽责,那你要以更专业的方式向教练提出你的担心。
如果你能在考虑自己感受的同时也考虑别人的感受,很快你就会发现情况将逐渐好转。
祝你好运!
知心阿姨
[难句破解]
句⑦ what引导的是表语从句,what在从句中作宾语。
句⑧ Filled with anger是过去分词短语作状语,表示原因, be filled with “充满”;whatever引导的是宾语从句。
课文2 Little White Lies (善意的小小谎言)
, these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry:
Oh, what a tangled web we weave,
When first we practise to deceive!
that they've never told a lie? Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge we tell are “white lies”: little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.
We've all surely had the experience of someone cooking a meal for us that we don't like.The majority of us of course don't tell the truth — we lie and say that the food is “delicious”.
it's awful. But to what extent can we justify telling white lies like these?
[课文对译]
200多年前,沃尔特·司各特写下的这几行文字,如今依然是苏格兰诗歌中最广为传诵的诗句之一:
啊,谎言一旦开始,
我们须得织就一张错综复杂的网!
我们都知道诚实是一项重要品质,也知道说谎是不对的。但是谁又能诚实地说自己从来没有说过谎呢?或许我们可以安慰自己,我们说过的大部分谎言都是“善意的谎言”,即为了保护他人不被真相伤害而撒的小谎。
我们一定都有过这样的经历:别人为我们准备的菜肴不合我们的口味。大多数人会理所当然地把真实想法隐藏起来——我们会撒谎说这道菜“很好吃”。
或者有朋友问我们他的新发型怎么样,即使我们觉得剪得非常糟糕,也会说“棒极了!”但是这些善意的谎言到底有多正当呢?
[难句破解]
句① 此处为过去分词短语在句中作状语,表示让步。
句② 本句是由but连接的并列句。前一分句中两个that引导的都是宾语从句,作know的宾语。后一分句是一个特殊疑问句,其中又包含一个that引导的宾语从句。
句③ 第一个that引导同位语从句,对knowledge作解释说明;该句中“we tell”是定语从句,其前省略了关系词that。第二个that引导的是定语从句,先行词是little lies。
句④ 此处if引导条件状语从句,句中包含what引导的名词性从句,它作asks的直接宾语;even if引导的是让步状语从句。
One of the main reasons for telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better.However, when we lie and say that someone's haircut looks good, or are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else? Perhaps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the disappointment and anger of others.
Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement.Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing.You of course say that it's wonderful, .Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you .Or perhaps, they need to know that they should look for a different hobby.
Finally, we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.If you've had a bad day, do you tell your parents about it, or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”? If the latter, your feelings?Wouldn't it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice?
[课文对译]
说善意的谎言,主要原因之一是为了照顾别人的感受。但是,当我们撒谎说某人的发型很好看,或者说不合我们口味的菜很好吃时,我们真的是在为别人着想吗?也许事实上,我们撒谎只是为了不让别人失望和生气,以免殃及自身。
说善意的谎言的另一个原因是给予鼓励。比如说,你的朋友问你觉得他的歌唱得怎么样。尽管你私下里认为他唱得还不如猫叫好听,但还是说他的歌声很美妙。停下来想一想,也许你的朋友就是想听到你的真实评价,从而改进和提高。又或者,应该让他知道自己需要换一个爱好了。
最后,想要向别人隐瞒坏消息的时候,我们可能也会说善意的谎言。假如你今天过得很糟糕,你是对你的父母说实话呢,还是偷偷擦掉眼泪骗他们说今天过得“不错”?如果你选择隐瞒,难道你不觉得其实父母希望听你倾诉从而理解你的真实感受吗?尊重他们对你的关心,向他们寻求建议不是更好吗?
[难句破解]
句⑤ when引导的是时间状语从句,其中第一个that引导的是宾语从句,第二个that引导的是定语从句,先行词是a meal。
句⑥ despite是介词,其后引导表示让步意义的动名词短语,表示对前述理由的质疑,其中that引导宾语从句。
句⑦ so that引导的是目的状语从句。
句⑧ 句子“don't you think ...”是反问句式,意为“难道你不觉得……吗?”
Going back to Walter Scott's lines, we may find even white lies have results we cannot know in advance. Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his “wonderful” singing? How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news instead of bad? Moreover, how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you?
[课文对译]
回到沃尔特·司各特的诗句,我们会发现,即使是善意的谎言,也会带来无法预知的后果。也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。你的朋友发现你对歌声“很美妙”的评价是个谎言后,还会继续信任你的看法吗?如果你只分享好消息而隐瞒坏消息,你还能期望他人真正理解你的情绪吗?而且,当你发现身边最亲近的人在对你隐瞒真相时,你又会有怎样的感受呢?
[难句破解]
句⑨ 本句中“you said was ‘delicious’”是定语从句,先行词是the meal; every time是名词短语,引导的是时间状语从句。
三、词汇记忆无诀窍,适时“回首”记得牢
1.agony n. 痛楚,苦难
agony aunt 知心阿姨
2.help out 帮一把
搭配
3.let down 使失望,辜负
4.steam n. 蒸汽,水蒸气
let off steam 发泄怒火,宣泄情绪
5.loose adj. 说话随便(轻率)的
6.lip n. (嘴)唇
拓展|tongue n. 舌头
7.sink v. 使(船)沉没
loose lips sink ships 祸从口出
8.fault n. 责任,过错
9.resolve v. 解决(问题、困难)
同义|settle
10.strategy n. 计谋,策略;行动计划
11.signal n. 信号;暗号
拓展
12.breath n. 一口气
take a breath 吸一口气
拓展|breathe v. 呼吸;呼出;低声说
13.pull one's weight 做好分内事,尽责
14.concern n. 忧虑,担心
拓展|concerned adj. 担心的;关切的
15.annoyed adj. 恼怒的,烦恼的
拓展|annoy v. 使恼怒,使烦恼;打扰,骚扰
16.adjust v. 适应,(使)习惯
拓展
17.duty n. 职责,义务;责任
18.accident n. 意外事件,偶然因素
by accident 偶然,意外地
拓展|incident n. 事件,事故
19.core adj. 核心的(课程、团体等)
20.ensure v. 确保,保证
21.complexity n. 复杂性,错综复杂
拓展
22.forgive v. 原谅,宽恕
23.criticise v. 批评,指责
反义|praise v. 赞扬
24.embarrassment n. 尴尬,难为情
搭配|to one's embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
拓展
25.boxing n. 拳击(运动)
26.tangled adj. 纠结的;复杂的
27.web n. 蜘蛛网;错综复杂的事物
28.weave v. 编,织
29.deceive v. 欺骗
同义|cheat
30.justify v. 证明(别人认为不合理的事)有道理;为……辩护
31.frank adj. 坦率的,坦诚的,直言不讳的
搭配|to be frank说 实话;老实说;坦率地说
32.tear n. 眼泪,泪水
搭配
33.latter n. 后者
反义|former pron. (两者中的)前者
34.moreover adv. 此外,而且
同义|besides
35.independent adj. 独立的
36.apart adv. 分离,分开
搭配|apart from 除了……之外
37.fence n. 栅栏,围栏,篱笆
四、范文佳作多背诵,写作增分最实用
(一)单元写作任务范文背诵
写作话题 高中生活与人际交往
高一学年已过去大半,在适应高中生活和人际交往方面你肯定有不少收获。请你写一篇英语演讲稿,谈一谈自己是如何快速适应高中生活以及处理好人际关系的。内容包括:
1.曾面临的困难; 2.解决办法; 3.你的建议。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
[推荐范文]
Good afternoon, everyone!
It is my honour to stand here to give you a speech on how to adapt to the senior school life and get along with others.
On stepping into the high school, we will find it competitive and challenging.Faced with so much stress, we need to set goals in study and develop good learning habits such as preparing lessons before class and reviewing the lessons regularly as well as taking part in after-class activities in our spare time, which will help us reduce pressure and broaden our horizons.What's more, we must show respect, concern and sympathy for others, never hesitating to lend a hand to those in need.
All in all, I hope all of you can enjoy school life and make something of your education.
Thanks for your listening.
(二)单元主题优美语段背诵
语段1 陌生人带来的感动
I reached out my hands as my girl got out of the boat.My daughter was trembling all over, her face as pale as a sheet of paper.But I knew she was more frightened than injured.I held her tight in my arms and breathed a sigh of relief.Tears of gratitude filled my eyes and I couldn't utter a single word.It took a long time before I restored my power of speech.I turned around to say “thank you” to the middle-aged man, only to find he was nowhere to be found.Even today I don't know his name, but his kindness always remains in the depth of my heart and inspires me to pass this kindness on.
当我的女儿下船时,我伸出双手。我女儿浑身发抖,脸色苍白得像一张纸。但我知道,她只是受了惊吓,并没有受伤。我把她紧紧抱在怀里,松了一口气。感激的泪水充满了我的双眼,我一句话也说不出来。过了很长时间我才恢复说话的能力。我转身想对那个中年男子说声“谢谢”,却发现他已经不见了。直到今天,我还不知道他的名字,但他的善良永远留在我的内心深处,激励着我把这种善良传递下去。
语段2 温暖的友情
Arriving at school, I sat down with Sam and handed him the bag.Sam opened the bag, pulled out the food and then the toy — an Iron Man toy.His eyes became watery.“You know, no one knows that my favorite is Iron Man except you,” he said. “You got me this so I would always remember you.” He hugged me and added, “I'm going to keep this forever!” And I know he has.It's been more than a year since that day, and Sam still texts me every week.
到了学校,我和萨姆坐下来,我把书包递给他。萨姆打开书包,拿出食物,然后是玩具——一个钢铁侠玩具。他的眼睛湿润了。“你知道,除了你,没人知道我最喜欢的是钢铁侠,”他说,“你把它送给了我,我会永远记住你的。”他拥抱了我,补充道:“我会永远保存它的!”我知道他已经做到了。从那天起已经一年多了,萨姆仍然每周给我发短信。
五、主题集群阅读,拓展主题认知
时尚悦读(一) 如何有效交流
If you heard someone shout “Hey you!” from across the room, how would you react? Just these two words can carry a lot of information.They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile.When spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention. not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them.
To become a highly competent communicator, you first need to know with whom you are communicating.What is their age or position? What is their relationship with you? What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have? Once you have obtained this information, you can use it to determine how best to communicate with them. communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation.
Your body language is equally important, since it reveals a lot about your thoughts and attitudes.Make sure it clearly supports the message you want to deliver. A smile shows you are
attentive to the folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction.
③
While being knowledgeable about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not be understated.Seek to understand the other person's emotions, by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.Suppose you are discussing a project with your partner, who has just lost an important basketball game and is inactive.To engage him or her in the discussion and make your communication more effective, you may express your sympathy by, for instance, saying, “I understand how you feel ...”
Effective communication will enable you to settle differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others.Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect, allowing relationships to become more positive and productive.So, get practising and good luck!
[难句破解]
句① 本句的主语是Much, is dependent ...为系表结构;what we communicate为介词of的宾语从句;not only ...but also ...意为“不但……而且……”,连接两个并列的介词短语,其中we use为省略that的定语从句,修饰先行词the words, how we use them为介词on的宾语从句。
句② Depending on ...为现在分词短语作状语;whether引导宾语从句作介词on的宾语;主句中含有which引导的宾语从句,其作动词decide的宾语。
句③ 本句为并列句,while作连词,意为“而,然而”,表示对比。句中you are ...discussed为省略that的宾语从句,作shows的宾语,现在分词短语being discussed作定语修饰the issues,表示正在进行。句中looking away ...为动名词短语作主语,with your arms folded为with复合结构,在句中作状语。
[助读译文]
如果你听到有人从房间的另一边喊,“嘿,你!”你会有什么反应?仅仅这两个字就可以传达很多信息。它们可以被理解为亲密朋友间的热情招呼,尤其是伴随着柔和的微笑时。如果这两个字是陌生人说的,它们可以作为吸引你注意力的一种手段。我们交流的很多内容不仅取决于我们使用的语言,还取决于我们如何使用它们。
为了成为一名非常有能力的沟通者,首先你需要知道你在和谁交流。他们的年龄或职业是什么?他们和你是什么关系?他们有什么期望和文化背景?一旦你获得了这些信息,那么你就可以用它来决定如何最好地与他们沟通。根据交流的对象是陌生人还是朋友、家人或同事,来决定哪种沟通方式最适合眼前的情况。
你的肢体语言同样重要,因为它揭示了你的很多想法和态度。确保它清楚地支持你想要传达的信息。微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注,而双臂交叉、目光移开可能表明你不感兴趣,这样会造成不信任或导致摩擦。
虽然了解肢体语言至关重要,但是也不要低估了共鸣的重要性。通过设身处地从对方的角度看问题来试着理解对方的情绪。假设你正在和你的搭档讨论一个项目,他或她因为刚刚输掉了一场重要的篮球比赛,态度并不积极。为了让他或她参与到讨论中来,并让你们的沟通更有效,你可以表达你的同情,例如说,“我理解你的感受……”。
有效的沟通将使你能够恰当地处理分歧,改善与他人的互动。良好的沟通技巧还将帮助你建立信任,赢得尊重,使人际关系变得更加积极和富有成效,因此,多加练习,祝你好运!
时尚悦读(二) 论友谊
As we walk the “path of life”, we may sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts, for quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. Social life is also important to us. More often than not, close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky road that we are all meant to travel.
As we live in social groups, there are many benefits of friendship that we can enjoy. Generally speaking, close friendships have three “fruits”: they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans.
The first fruit of friendship is the peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy, sadness, success and failure. Here, friendship has a double advantage — happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship. With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure. We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. Indeed, the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.
The second fruit of friendship is the better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends. other people's weaknesses than our own. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one-sided. On the other hand, our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Also, when we want to talk our problems over with a friend, we have to put our thoughts into words first. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems.
The third fruit of friendship is the help that a friend may offer in many different ways. Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”. only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills. They can help us achieve what we want during life and, perhaps, even after death.
with friends. Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. In this way, we can better walk the “path of life” with the comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends.
(Adapted from “Of Friendship”, an essay written by Francis Bacon, a great English writer, scientist and philosopher)
[难句破解]
句① it作形式宾语,不定式短语to recognize ...our own作真正的宾语,easier作宾语补足语。
句② 本句含有there be句型;that引导定语从句,修饰先行词many things。
句③ it should be pointed out that ...意为“应该指出的是……”,其中it为形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语。
[助读译文] 走在人生的道路上,有时我们可能希望独自思考,因为静思可以实现自我的完善。不过,在追求独处时,须小心,我们不能总是逃入自我的世界中。社交生活对我们同样重要。通常,亲密的友情能助我们踏平时而坎坷却又注定要经过的道路。
因为我们置身于社会群体中,我们可以享受到友谊的诸多益处。总体而言,亲密友谊的“硕果”有三:抚慰心灵,启迪思维,帮我们实现既定目标。通过友谊,我们可以变成更幸福、更睿智、更满足的人。
友谊的第一个硕果来自和友人分享我们喜悲成败所带来的平和心境。在此,友谊有双重优势——幸福有了更大的意义,而麻烦在分担之后减半。当然,这种开诚布公源于亲密无间的友谊。与真正的朋友,我们可以毫无顾忌、毫无保留地分享我们的欢乐和悲伤。我们知道,好友既会尊重我们的情感,也会珍视这些亲密的时光。实际上,人的内心离不开这些机会来获取慰藉和庇护。
友谊的第二个硕果是,通过与善意和明智的朋友交谈可以获得更好的理解力和判断力。我们经常发现,认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。因此,如果只跟着自己的感觉走,我们的判断可能就是片面的。另一方面,在我们必须要做出的重大决定上,朋友往往能给出更好的建议。此外,想和朋友聊聊自己的问题时,我们首先得把自己的想法付诸语言。单是这点,就能让我们更好地厘清思路,并对自身的问题有更透彻的认识。
友谊的第三个硕果是朋友以各种不同的方式可以为我们提供的帮助。有时,朋友甚至被誉为我们的“第二个自己”。生活中有太多事,只有在朋友的帮助下才能成功。朋友也许拥有诸多不同的想法和技能。他们能帮助我们在生前,甚至是在我们故去之后,获得我们想要之物。
最后,需要指出的是,与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。朋友要谨慎选择,友情需用心经营。如此,我们才能在挚友的抚慰、建议和帮助下,更好地走过“人生之路”。
(改写自英国伟大的作家、科学家和哲学家弗朗西斯·培根的随笔《论友谊》)
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$