Unit 1-3复习 单元语法+课内阅读改编+重点单词短语总结 2025-2026学年人教版七年级英语下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格系统梳理了Unit1-3的核心语法，如特殊疑问句“7W1H”分类表、名词单复数变化规则表，并结合回归教材的短文填空构建知识脉络，突出语法、词汇、短语的内在联系，夯实语言能力基础。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，如语法题从选词填空到短文填空逐步提升，作文提供基础版和进阶版模板，引导学生掌握表达策略，培养学习能力和思维品质。教师版含答案解析，助力教师精准教学，学生可自主检测薄弱点，提升复习效率。

七下 Unit 1-3复习 单元语法+阅读改编+重点单词短语总结+单元作文【学生版】 Unit1 Animal Friends 一、U1单元语法 特殊疑问句 7W1H 疑问词 意思 对...提问 例句 what 什么 问东西 What’s this? It’s a pen where 哪里 问地点 Where is my mother? She is in the room. when 什么时候 问时间 When do you play football? In the afternoon. who 谁 问人 Who is that boy? He is my mother. whose 谁的 问某人的东西(所属) Whose book is it? It’s Lucy’s. which 哪一个 问选择 Which flower is beautiful, the red one or the blue one? why 为什么 问原因 Why do you like art? Because it is fun. how 怎么样 问方式，方法 How do you go to school? On foot. What开头 How开头 疑问词 意思 疑问词 意思 What color 什么颜色 How old 年龄多大，几岁 What time 几点 How many 问可数名词复数的有多少个 What day 星期几 How much 问不可数名词的数量有多少个/问价格多少钱 What date 具体日期 How long 问时间的多久/问物体的长度 What size 什么尺码 Haw far 问距离有多遥远 What class 什么班级 Haw often 问做...多久一次 一、选词填空。 what which why when who whose 1.- season do you like best? 2.- do you like summer? -Spring. -Because I can swim every day. 3.- cat is this? 4. is Tom doing? -It's Miss White's. -He is climbing. 二、单项选择。 1— Tell me, Grandma. _______ is your favorite person in the whole wide world? — That’s easy! It’s you! A．What B．Who C．How D．Where 2.—Mike, _______ is the new science museum? —It is in the center of the city. A．when B．where C．what D．why 3.—________ do you walk to school every day? —Because it’s good for my health. A．Why B．Where C．How D．When 名词单复数 可数名词-单复数变化规则 规则变化 直接加"s” book➡books 以s、x、ch、sh结尾,加“es” box➡boxes 以“辅音字母加y”结尾的，变y为i，加“es” 以“元音字母加y” 结尾，加“s” family➡families boy➡boys 以f、fe 结尾,把f、fe去掉，加"ves” knife➡knives 以o结尾的名词，无生命的加"s” 以o结尾的名词，有生命的加“es” photo➡photos potato➡potatoes 不规则变化 男人女人, a变e man➡men woman➡women 鹅足牙，oo变ee goose➡geese foot➡feet tooth➡teeth 鱼羊鹿人不变 fish➡fish sheep➡sheep people➡people 老鼠ous变ice mouse➡mice 孩子后面加个ren,公牛ox后面加en child➡children ox➡oxen 中国人日本人不变，英国人法国人变 Chinese➡Chinese Japanese➡Japanese Englishman➡Englishmen Frenchman➡Frenchmen 注意:少数名词既可做可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但含义不同。(fish ,chicken...) 如:fish 1.同一种鱼类，单复数同形。(three fish) 2.当各种各样的鱼讲时，即强调鱼的种类时，要加es。(all kinds of fishes) 3.鱼肉，不可数。(some fish) 不可数名词，如water, milk, juice, paper, rice 等不可数名词，没有复数形式。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，用“表示量的词+of”如: a glass of water two glasses of water a piece of paper five pieces of paper 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Here are two nice ________________(piano) in the hall. 2.How many ________________(sheep) does your uncle have? 3.There are many ________________(mouse) in that old house. 4.My mother is kind and she always reads me ________________(story) at night. 5.Each lesson is 45 ________________(minute) long, and there is a break between lessons. 6.What’s the price of the two ________________(box) of orange juice? 7.These two _______________(woman) are Jack’s and Linda’s mothers. 8.Gina is interested in English, but she often makes ________________(mistake) in spelling. 二、U1语法拓展训练——回归教材 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 pick feel lucky made we playful count nation forest swimmer Hi, I'm Malee and I live in Thailand! The elephant is my favourite animal. I love elephants because they are strong and clever. They are also a symbol of good 1. ______________here. The elephant is our 2. ______________ animal. On 13 March, we celebrate Thai Elephant Day. Elephants look very different from other animals. They are huge. They have large ears and long trunks. They can 3.______________ up and carry heavy things with their trunks. Elephants are like 4.______________ in some ways. They are very 5.______________ and love to play in the water. They are great 6. ______________ . They are also clever. For example, they can remember one another and places with food and water after many years. Elephants are very kind too. They look after other elephants when they don’t 7. ______________ well. The big elephants also help the baby ones. Elephants are an important part of Thai life and culture. However, they are in danger. They live in 8.______________ , but people cut down too many trees. People also kill elephants for their ivory. Let's save the forests and not buy things 9.______________ of ivory. Every elephant 10. ______________. 三、U1重点词汇扩展 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.wolf→（复数）__wolves__ 2.care→（形容词）_careful__ 3.sandwich→（复数）__sandwiches_ 4.love→（形容词）_lovely__ 5.mouse→（复数）__mice__ 6.dangerous→（名词）_danger_ 7.luck→（形容词）__lucky_ 8.heavy→（副词）_heavily__ 9.playful→（动词）__play__ 10.swimmer→（动词）_swim___ 11.friendly→（名词）_friend__ 12.safe→（名词）__safety___ 四、U1重点短语总结 1.照顾；处理 ___take care of_/ look after_ 2.来自__be/come from__ 3.保持温暖 keep warm_ 4.对……有好处___be good for__ 5.看起来像 ___look like_____ 6.在海里___in the sea__ 7.黑白相间的 ___black and white_ 8.拿起；举起 ___pick up__ 9.砍伐；减少___cut down_ 10.互相 _each other/ one another____ 11.处于危险之中___in danger____ 12.太多 ____too much / too many__ 13.由……制成的__ made of__ 14.相当；非常 _____quite a ____ 15.一点也不；完全不__not... at all___ Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 一、U2单元语法 ‌祈使句 类型 句型结构 示例 Do型 肯定：动词原形（+其他成分）. Stand up. 起立。 否定：Don’t +动词原形（+其他成分）. Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。 Be型 肯定：Be +表语(一般为形容词/名词). Be calm. 冷静。 否定：Don’t + be +表语（+其他成分）. Don’t be stupid. 别犯傻。 Let型 肯定：Let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）. Let’s go swimming. 咱们去游泳吧。 否定：①Don’t let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）. ②Let +宾语+ not +动词原形（+其他成分）. Don’t let him go. 别让他走。 =Let him not go. 【*拓展】No型祈使句：表示禁止，常用于标语、警示语的否定祈使句 结构为：“No +动词-ing形式”或“No +可数名词复数形式/不可数名词”。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No fishing! 禁止垂钓！ No photos! 禁止拍照！ 练习 1．—Don’t _________ (sleep) in class, Tom. —Sorry, Miss Wang. 2．—_________ (put) the meat and lettuce into the pan, Emma. —OK, Mom. 3.____________ (be) quiet in the library. Everyone is reading. 4.Please ____________ (not eat) in class. It’s against the school rules. 5.Let’s ____________ (clean) the classroom together after school. 6.____________ (not let) him play computer games for too long. It’s bad for his eyes. 7.No ____________ (smoke) in the office. There are fire alarms here. 8.Please ____________ (not be) late for the meeting. It starts at 9 o’clock. 情态动词can、must和have to 1. 情态动词 can 的用法 本单元中主要讲情态动词 can 表示请求或许可的用法，意为 “_____可以，能_______”，否定形式 can’t 意为 “_____不可以，不能_______”。在一般疑问句中，Can 提问can/can’t 回答 —Can I eat in the classroom? 我可以在教室吃东西吗？ —No, you can’t, but you can eat in the dining hall. 不，你不能，但你可以在餐厅吃。 2. 情态动词 have to 的用法 have to 表示客观需要，意思是 “______不得不，必须_______”。 使用 have to 时应注意以下几点： 1)have to 后接_____动词原形________，意为 “不得不做……，必须做……”。 You have to wash your clothes first.你必须先洗你的衣服。 2)have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为 _____has to_____。 She has to help her mum make dinner.她不得不帮她妈妈做晚饭。 3)含有 have to, has to 的句子需分别借助_________助动词 do, does_________构成疑问句或否定句。 Do they have to go home now?他们得现在回家吗？ You don’t have to go there now.你不必现在去那儿。 3. 情态动词 must 的用法 1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中，意思是 “______必须，一定________”； 由 must 开头的疑问句，肯定回答一般用 must，否定回答一般用 ____needn’t______ 或 _______don’t/doesn’t have to_____________，意思是 “不必”； must 的否定形式 mustn’t 表示禁止，意思是 “不要，不许”。 —Must I finish my homework before six o’clock? 6 点之前我必须完成家庭作业吗？ —Yes, you must. /No, you needn’t. /No, you don’t have to.是的,你必须完成。/ 不,你不必。 You mustn’t be late for school.你上学千万不要迟到。 2)表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句，意为 “____一定，必然________”。 You must be very tired. 你一定很累了。 辨析: have to 与 must 两者都可表示 “必须”，后接动词原形，但用法不同。 含义 特点 否定形式 have to 必须；不得不 表示客观上的需要，有人称、数和时态的变化 don’t/doesn’t have to 表示 “不必” must 必须；一定 表示说话人的主观看法 mustn’t 表示 “禁止” 练习 1．You ________ eat in the classroom. A．don’t B．can’t C．not D．no 2．Everyone ________ keep quiet in the library. A．must B．may C．can D．can’t 3．I ________ get up early in the morning because I live far from the school. A．could B．may C．can D．have to 4.— Must I stay here and wait for you?—No, you ____. You can go home now. A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 二、U2语法拓展训练——回归教材 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 use because show make on but better rule a your Dear Dr Know, Help! There are too many 1. ____________ in my life! Every morning, I have to 2. ____________ my bed before breakfast. I have to hurry to school 3. ____________ I can't be late for school. When I'm in school. I mustn't 4. ____________ my phone in class either. And I have to wear the uniform. After school, there are even more rules! I have to finish my homework first. I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays. I know some rules are important,5.____________ this is awful. What can I do? Dear Alice, Yes, there are many rules in life! But they can help you to become 6. ___________ better person. You mustn't be late for class. That 7. ____________ respect for your class and teacher. You can't use 8. ____________ phone in class because you need to focus 9. ____________ learning. You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit. You can also think about the things you can do! You can use your phone at home. You can relax after you finish your homework. And you can hang out with friends at weekends! I know it's hard, but rules can help to make the world 10. ____________ . Remember: No rules, no order! 三、U2重点词汇扩展 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. polite (adj.) → __politely__ (adv. 有礼貌地) 2. quietly (adv.) → ___quiet___ (adj. 安静的) 3. noise (n.) → ___noisy__ (adj. 吵闹的) 4. unhappy (adj.) → __happy__ (反义词) 5. practise (v.) → _practice_ (n. 实践) 6. build (v.) → _building__ (n. 建筑物) 7. advice (n.) → __advise___ (v. 建议) 8. untidy (adj.) → __tidy__ (反义词) 9. better (adj.) → __good / well_ (adj. 好的) → __best__ (adv. 最好) 10. relax (v.) → __relaxed_ (adj. 轻松的；放松的) → _relaxing__ (adj. 令人放松的) 四、U2重点短语总结 1. 迟到 __be late for__ 2. 准时 __on time___ 3. 在课堂上 _in class____ 4. 举手 _raise one’s hand__ 5. 不得不 ___have to___ 6. 当然 __of course_ 7. 插队 __jump the queue__ 8. 关(水、电或煤气) _turn off_ 9. 缺席;不在 __be absent from 10. 戴上;穿上;增加 __put on 11. 闲逛;常去某处 __hang out 12. 思考;考虑 think of / about_ 13. 集中(注意力、精力等)于 __focus on___ 14. 整理床铺;铺床 _make one’s / the bed_ Unit 3 Keep Fit 一、U3单元语法 频度副词 1.频度副词的含义：用来为动作发生频率的副词，程度不同。 2.常用的频度副词有，由高到低的排列 ______always________（总是）、________usually______（通常）、______often_______（常常）、_______sometimes_______（有时）、________seldom______（很少）、______hardly ever_______（几乎从不）、_____never_________（从不）等。 3.频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词一般用在______实义动词________之前，_______系动词_______、____be动词 助动词______或_______情态动词_______之后。 John always comes late. 约翰总是迟到。 Lucy is sometimes very busy. 露西有时很忙。 He doesn’t usually drink coffee. 他通常不喝咖啡。 You should often call your parents. 你应该常给父母打电话。 4.表示频率的常用表达 once a day/week/month... 一天 / 一周 / 一个月一次 twice a day/year/month... 一天 / 一年 / 一个月两次 three times a week/month... 一周 / 一个月三次 练习题 1．—Would you like some coffee? —No, thanks. I ________ drink it. I think water is the best. A．often B．never C．usually D．always 2．Alice lives a healthy life. She ________ stays up late. A．hardly B．always C．often D．sometimes 3．I am learning skating. At first, I didn’t skate well, but now I ________ fall down (跌倒). A．seldom B．always C．often D．sometimes 4. ______ do you go to the movies? —Hardly ever. A. How often B. How old C. How many D. How much 5. My father usually ______ to work. A. drive B. drives C. drove D. is driving 6. Speak aloud, please! I can ______ hear you. usually B. almost C. hardly D. nearly 物主代词 数 人称 形容词性物主代词+名词 名词性物主代词 不加名词 词义 单数 第一人称 my +名词 mine 不加名词 我的 第二人称 your +名词 yours 不加名词 你的 第三人称 his/her/its +名词 his/hers/its 不加名词 他/她/它的 复数 第一人称 our +名词 ours 不加名词 我们的 第二人称 your +名词 yours 不加名词 你们的 第三人称 their +名词 theirs 不加名词 他/她/它们的 1．—Tina and Peter, are these your jump ropes? —Yes, they are ________. A．mine B．ours C．hers D．theirs 2．Tom’s favourite sport is the same as ________. A．me B．mine C．my D．myself 3. This isn’t ______ skirt. It’s ______. A. my, hers B. mine, her C. my, her D. mine, hers 4. —Is this your pencil, Peter? —No, it’s not ______. You can ask Mary. A. mine B. his C. hers D. yours 5. —Bob, I can’t find my ruler. Can I borrow ______? —Of course. Here you are. A.his B. your C. yours D. you 二、U3语法拓展训练——回归教材 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 are using best twice keep match and do really in Xia Tian I like skateboarding very much. My friends and I practise at a special park 1. ___________ a week. My skateboard is really cool, and so 2. ___________ theirs. We encourage one another to 3. ___________ tricks. Some tricks are difficult, but once you succeed, you feel great! I like skateboarding because it 4. ___________me fit. Jenny This year, my goal is to be 5. ___________ fit. I jog, swim, and do sit-ups. But my favorite way of keeping fit is 6. ___________ an exercise app to work out. The app gives me exercises to do every day. It can show my progress. My friends use the app too. We have fun when we keep fit together! Steve I'm 7. ___________ my school's baseball club, so I play baseball quite often. It's my favourite sport. We play many 8. ___________ . The other teams are great, but I think ours is the 9. ___________ ! We usually practise three times a week after school. We also exercise a lot because it keeps us fit and helps us play better. Baseball also builds team spirit. All of us are good friends, both on 10. ___________ off the field. We work as a team, and we win or lose as a team. 三、U3重点词汇扩展 1. hardly (adv.几乎没有) → __hard__ (adj.困难的、硬的adv.努力地) 2. once (adv.一次) → __one__ (基数词 一) → __first__ (序数词 第一) 3. twice (adv.两次) → __two__ (基数词 一) → __second__ (序数词 第一) 4. perfect (adj.完美的:完全的) → __perfectly__ (adv.完美地:完全地) 5. sleepy (adj.困倦的.) → __sleep__ (v./n.睡觉) 6. encourage (v. 鼓励) → __encouragement__ (n.鼓励:鼓舞) 7. succeed (v.成功) → __politely__ (adv. 有礼貌地) 8. polite (adj.) → __success__ (n.成功) → __successful__ (adj.成功的)→ __successfully__ (adv.成功地) 9. lose (v.失去:丢失) → __lost__ (adj.迷路的；消失的) 10. jog (v.慢跑) → __jogging__ (jog的现在分词) 四、U3重点短语总结 【必会短语】 1. 跳绳（运动） __jump rope__ 2. 几乎从不 _____hardly ever_______ 3. 少数；几个 ______a few +复数______ 4. 劳驾；请原谅 _____excuse me_______ 5. 在那边 _____over there_______ 6. 属于（某人） _____belong to_______ 7. 工作日 _____ on weekdays_______ 8. 锻炼 ______work out______ 9. 一周两次 _____twice a week_______ 10. 跑鞋 _____running shoes_______ 11. 过得愉快 _____have fun_______ 12. 去慢跑 _______go jogging_____ 13. 保持健康 ______keep fit/healthy______ 14. 在周末 _____ on/at weekends______ 下 Unit 1-3复习 单元语法+阅读改编+重点单词短语总结+单元作文【教师版】 Unit1 Animal Friends 一、U1单元语法 特殊疑问句 7W1H 疑问词 意思 对...提问 例句 what 什么 问东西 What’s this? It’s a pen where 哪里 问地点 Where is my mother? She is in the room. when 什么时候 问时间 When do you play football? In the afternoon. who 谁 问人 Who is that boy? He is my mother. whose 谁的 问某人的东西(所属) Whose book is it? It’s Lucy’s. which 哪一个 问选择 Which flower is beautiful, the red one or the blue one? why 为什么 问原因 Why do you like art? Because it is fun. how 怎么样 问方式，方法 How do you go to school? On foot. What开头 How开头 疑问词 意思 疑问词 意思 What color 什么颜色 How old 年龄多大，几岁 What time 几点 How many 问可数名词复数的有多少个 What day 星期几 How much 问不可数名词的数量有多少个/问价格多少钱 What date 具体日期 How long 问时间的多久/问物体的长度 What size 什么尺码 Haw far 问距离有多遥远 What class 什么班级 Haw often 问做...多久一次 一、选词填空。 what which why when who whose 1.- Which season do you like best? 2.- Why do you like summer? -Spring. -Because I can swim every day. 3.- Whose cat is this? 4. What is Tom doing? -It's Miss White's. -He is climbing. 二、单项选择。 1— Tell me, Grandma. ___B___ is your favorite person in the whole wide world? — That’s easy! It’s you! A．What B．Who C．How D．Where 2.—Mike, ___B___ is the new science museum? —It is in the center of the city. A．when B．where C．what D．why 3.—__A_____ do you walk to school every day? —Because it’s good for my health. A．Why B．Where C．How D．When 名词单复数 可数名词-单复数变化规则 规则变化 直接加"s” book➡books 以s、x、ch、sh结尾,加“es” box➡boxes 以“辅音字母加y”结尾的，变y为i，加“es” 以“元音字母加y” 结尾，加“s” family➡families boy➡boys 以f、fe 结尾,把f、fe去掉，加"ves” knife➡knives 以o结尾的名词，无生命的加"s” 以o结尾的名词，有生命的加“es” photo➡photos potato➡potatoes 不规则变化 男人女人, a变e man➡men woman➡women 鹅足牙，oo变ee goose➡geese foot➡feet tooth➡teeth 鱼羊鹿人不变 fish➡fish sheep➡sheep people➡people 老鼠ous变ice mouse➡mice 孩子后面加个ren,公牛ox后面加en child➡children ox➡oxen 中国人日本人不变，英国人法国人变 Chinese➡Chinese Japanese➡Japanese Englishman➡Englishmen Frenchman➡Frenchmen 注意:少数名词既可做可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但含义不同。(fish ,chicken...) 如:fish 1.同一种鱼类，单复数同形。(three fish) 2.当各种各样的鱼讲时，即强调鱼的种类时，要加es。(all kinds of fishes) 3.鱼肉，不可数。(some fish) 不可数名词，如water, milk, juice, paper, rice 等不可数名词，没有复数形式。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量，用“表示量的词+of”如: a glass of water two glasses of water a piece of paper five pieces of paper 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.Here are two nice ____pianos____(piano) in the hall. 2.How many _____sheep_____(sheep) does your uncle have? 3.There are many ___mice__(mouse) in that old house. 4.My mother is kind and she always reads me _____stories____(story) at night. 5.Each lesson is 45 ___minutes___(minute) long, and there is a break between lessons. 6.What’s the price of the two ___boxes____(box) of orange juice? 7.These two ___women_____(woman) are Jack’s and Linda’s mothers. 8.Gina is interested in English, but she often makes __mistakes___(mistake) in spelling. 二、U1语法拓展训练——回归教材 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 pick feel lucky made we playful count nation forest swimmer Hi, I'm Malee and I live in Thailand! The elephant is my favourite animal. I love elephants because they are strong and clever. They are also a symbol of good 1. ___luck_____here. The elephant is our 2. ____national____ animal. On 13 March, we celebrate Thai Elephant Day. Elephants look very different from other animals. They are huge. They have large ears and long trunks. They can 3.___pick_____ up and carry heavy things with their trunks. Elephants are like 4.____us____ in some ways. They are very 5.____playful____ and love to play in the water. They are great 6. ____swimmers_____ . They are also clever. For example, they can remember one another and places with food and water after many years. Elephants are very kind too. They look after other elephants when they don’t 7. ___feel__ well. The big elephants also help the baby ones. Elephants are an important part of Thai life and culture. However, they are in danger. They live in 8.__forests__ , but people cut down too many trees. People also kill elephants for their ivory. Let's save the forests and not buy things 9.___made___ of ivory. Every elephant 10. _counts_____. 三、U1单元作文 第一段：引出话题 1.基础版:Today I want to talk about ...... They are my favourite animal. 2.进阶版:Today I’d like to introduce(介绍) .....They are my favourite animal. 第二段：详细介绍动物 1. 介绍动物外貌特征和生活习性 1）I like them because they are ....(喜欢的原因). 2）They are .....(颜色) with .....(外形特征). 3）They live in....(地区) and like to eat ....(喜欢吃的事物). 4）They are good at.....(擅长...). 第三段：呼吁保护动物 1） ..... are in great danger.(处于极大的危险中). 2） We should protect them because they are our good friends. Let’s work together to give animals a safe and happy life. 【范文】 My Favourite Animal Today I want to talk about pandas. They are my favourite animal. I like them because they look so cute.Pandas are black and white with round faces and thick fur. They live in bamboo forests in China and love eating bamboo very much. A panda can eat lots of bamboo every day. They are good at climbing trees and often sleep in the trees. I think pandas are our good friends. We should protect their homes and not cut down bamboo forests. Let’s take care of pandas so they can live happily. 四、U1重点词汇扩展 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.wolf→（复数）__wolves__ 2.care→（形容词）_careful__ 3.sandwich→（复数）__sandwiches_ 4.love→（形容词）_lovely__ 5.mouse→（复数）__mice__ 6.dangerous→（名词）_danger_ 7.luck→（形容词）__lucky_ 8.heavy→（副词）_heavily__ 9.playful→（动词）__play__ 10.swimmer→（动词）_swim___ 11.friendly→（名词）_friend__ 12.safe→（名词）__safety___ 五、U1重点短语总结 1.照顾；处理 ___take care of_/ look after_ 2.来自__be/come from__ 3.保持温暖 keep warm_ 4.对……有好处___be good for__ 5.看起来像 ___look like_____ 6.在海里___in the sea__ 7.黑白相间的 ___black and white_ 8.拿起；举起 ___pick up__ 9.砍伐；减少___cut down_ 10.互相 _each other/ one another____ 11.处于危险之中___in danger____ 12.太多 ____too much / too many__ 13.由……制成的__ made of__ 14.相当；非常 _____quite a ____ 15.一点也不；完全不__not... at all___ Unit 2 No Rules, No Order 一、U2单元语法 ‌祈使句 类型 句型结构 示例 Do型 肯定：动词原形（+其他成分）. Stand up. 起立。 否定：Don’t +动词原形（+其他成分）. Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。 Be型 肯定：Be +表语(一般为形容词/名词). Be calm. 冷静。 否定：Don’t + be +表语（+其他成分）. Don’t be stupid. 别犯傻。 Let型 肯定：Let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）. Let’s go swimming. 咱们去游泳吧。 否定：①Don’t let +宾语+动词原形（+其他成分）. ②Let +宾语+ not +动词原形（+其他成分）. Don’t let him go. 别让他走。 =Let him not go. 【*拓展】No型祈使句：表示禁止，常用于标语、警示语的否定祈使句 结构为：“No +动词-ing形式”或“No +可数名词复数形式/不可数名词”。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No fishing! 禁止垂钓！ No photos! 禁止拍照！ 练习 1．—Don’t __sleep___ (sleep) in class, Tom. —Sorry, Miss Wang. 2．—__Put___ (put) the meat and lettuce into the pan, Emma. —OK, Mom. 3.___Be_____ (be) quiet in the library. Everyone is reading. 4.Please ____don’t eat___ (not eat) in class. It’s against the school rules. 5.Let’s ___clean_____ (clean) the classroom together after school. 6.__Don’t be___ (not let) him play computer games for too long. It’s bad for his eyes. 7.No __smoking___ (smoke) in the office. There are fire alarms here. 8.Please __don’t be___ (not be) late for the meeting. It starts at 9 o’clock. 情态动词can、must和have to 1. 情态动词 can 的用法 本单元中主要讲情态动词 can 表示请求或许可的用法，意为 “_____可以，能_______”，否定形式 can’t 意为 “_____不可以，不能_______”。在一般疑问句中，Can 提问can/can’t 回答 —Can I eat in the classroom? 我可以在教室吃东西吗？ —No, you can’t, but you can eat in the dining hall. 不，你不能，但你可以在餐厅吃。 2. 情态动词 have to 的用法 have to 表示客观需要，意思是 “______不得不，必须_______”。 使用 have to 时应注意以下几点： 1)have to 后接_____动词原形________，意为 “不得不做……，必须做……”。 You have to wash your clothes first.你必须先洗你的衣服。 2)have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为 _____has to_____。 She has to help her mum make dinner.她不得不帮她妈妈做晚饭。 3)含有 have to, has to 的句子需分别借助_________助动词 do, does_________构成疑问句或否定句。 Do they have to go home now?他们得现在回家吗？ You don’t have to go there now.你不必现在去那儿。 3. 情态动词 must 的用法 1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中，意思是 “______必须，一定________”； 由 must 开头的疑问句，肯定回答一般用 must，否定回答一般用 ____needn’t______ 或 _______don’t/doesn’t have to_____________，意思是 “不必”； must 的否定形式 mustn’t 表示禁止，意思是 “不要，不许”。 —Must I finish my homework before six o’clock? 6 点之前我必须完成家庭作业吗？ —Yes, you must. /No, you needn’t. /No, you don’t have to.是的,你必须完成。/ 不,你不必。 You mustn’t be late for school.你上学千万不要迟到。 2)表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句，意为 “____一定，必然________”。 You must be very tired. 你一定很累了。 辨析: have to 与 must 两者都可表示 “必须”，后接动词原形，但用法不同。 含义 特点 否定形式 have to 必须；不得不 表示客观上的需要，有人称、数和时态的变化 don’t/doesn’t have to 表示 “不必” must 必须；一定 表示说话人的主观看法 mustn’t 表示 “禁止” 练习 1．You ___B___ eat in the classroom. A．don’t B．can’t C．not D．no 2．Everyone ___A____ keep quiet in the library. A．must B．may C．can D．can’t 3．I ___D____ get up early in the morning because I live far from the school. A．could B．may C．can D．have to 4.— Must I stay here and wait for you?—No, you __A_. You can go home now. B. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 二、U2语法拓展训练——回归教材 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 use because show make on but better rule a your Dear Dr Know, Help! There are too many 1. ___rules____ in my life! Every morning, I have to 2. ___make______ my bed before breakfast. I have to hurry to school 3. ____because___ I can't be late for school. When I'm in school. I mustn't 4. ______use__ my phone in class either. And I have to wear the uniform. After school, there are even more rules! I have to finish my homework first. I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays. I know some rules are important,5._____but_____ this is awful. What can I do? Dear Alice, Yes, there are many rules in life! But they can help you to become 6. __a______ better person. You mustn't be late for class. That 7. __shows_____ respect for your class and teacher. You can't use 8. ____your_____ phone in class because you need to focus 9. __on______ learning. You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit. You can also think about the things you can do! You can use your phone at home. You can relax after you finish your homework. And you can hang out with friends at weekends! I know it's hard, but rules can help to make the world 10. ____better____ . Remember: No rules, no order! 三、U2单元作文 第一段：引出话题 1.基础版： Today I want to tell you something about the ....rules. 2.进阶版： Today I am writing to tell you something about the ....rules./Today I’d like to tell you something about .....rules. 第二段：介绍具体的规则 1. 表示顺序的词+常用句型 ①First/First of all, I am (not) allowed to ..... 首先，我（不）被允许.... ②Second，I should (not) ..../ I must (not).... /I have to ..../I need to.... 第二，我（不）应该/我必须/我不能/我不得不/我需要... ③Then/What’s more, my parents/teachers (don’t) allow/require me to .... 接着/此外，我的父母/老师（不）允许/要求我.... ④More importantly/Finally/Last but not least, It’s important/necessary for me to..... 更重要的是/最后/最后但同样重要的一点,.....对我来说很重要/有必要 第三段：阐述对规则的看法 1．在我看来，校规虽然严格，但对我们是有益的。 In my opinion, although the school rules are strict, they are good for us. 2．在我看来，这些规则对我的成长很重要。I think these rules are very important for my growth. 【范文】 Dear Henry, How are you? Today I want to tell you something about my school rules. We have lots of rules to follow. First, we can’t be late for class. Second, we have to wear our school uniforms on school days. What’s more, my teachers don’t allow us to run in the hallways. The rules are strict but they are good for our study and growth.What about your school rules? Can you tell me something about them? Yours, Li Hua 四、U2重点词汇扩展 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. polite (adj.) → __politely__ (adv. 有礼貌地) 2. quietly (adv.) → ___quiet___ (adj. 安静的) 3. noise (n.) → ___noisy__ (adj. 吵闹的) 4. unhappy (adj.) → __happy__ (反义词) 5. practise (v.) → _practice_ (n. 实践) 6. build (v.) → _building__ (n. 建筑物) 7. advice (n.) → __advise___ (v. 建议) 8. untidy (adj.) → __tidy__ (反义词) 9. better (adj.) → __good / well_ (adj. 好的) → __best__ (adv. 最好) 10. relax (v.) → __relaxed_ (adj. 轻松的；放松的) → _relaxing__ (adj. 令人放松的) 五、U2重点短语总结 1. 迟到 __be late for__ 2. 准时 __on time___ 3. 在课堂上 _in class____ 4. 举手 _raise one’s hand__ 5. 不得不 ___have to___ 6. 当然 __of course_ 7. 插队 __jump the queue__ 8. 关(水、电或煤气) _turn off_ 9. 缺席;不在 __be absent from 10. 戴上;穿上;增加 __put on 11. 闲逛;常去某处 __hang out 12. 思考;考虑 think of / about_ 13. 集中(注意力、精力等)于 __focus on___ 14. 整理床铺;铺床 _make one’s / the bed__ Unit 3 Keep Fit 一、U3单元语法 频度副词 1.频度副词的含义：用来为动作发生频率的副词，程度不同。 2.常用的频度副词有，由高到低的排列 ______always________（总是）、________usually______（通常）、______often_______（常常）、_______sometimes_______（有时）、________seldom______（很少）、______hardly ever_______（几乎从不）、_____never_________（从不）等。 3.频度副词在句中的位置 频度副词一般用在______实义动词________之前，_______系动词_______、____be动词 助动词______或_______情态动词_______之后。 John always comes late. 约翰总是迟到。 Lucy is sometimes very busy. 露西有时很忙。 He doesn’t usually drink coffee. 他通常不喝咖啡。 You should often call your parents. 你应该常给父母打电话。 4.表示频率的常用表达 once a day/week/month... 一天 / 一周 / 一个月一次 twice a day/year/month... 一天 / 一年 / 一个月两次 three times a week/month... 一周 / 一个月三次 练习题 1．—Would you like some coffee? —No, thanks. I __B_____ drink it. I think water is the best. A．often B．never C．usually D．always 2．Alice lives a healthy life. She __A____ stays up late. A．hardly B．always C．often D．sometimes 3．I am learning skating. At first, I didn’t skate well, but now I ____A___ fall down (跌倒). A．seldom B．always C．often D．sometimes 4. __A__ do you go to the movies? —Hardly ever. B. How often B. How old C. How many D. How much 5. My father usually ___B__ to work. B. drive B. drives C. drove D. is driving 6. Speak aloud, please! I can __C___ hear you. usually B. almost C. hardly D. nearly 物主代词 数 人称 形容词性物主代词+名词 名词性物主代词 不加名词 词义 单数 第一人称 my +名词 mine 不加名词 我的 第二人称 your +名词 yours 不加名词 你的 第三人称 his/her/its +名词 his/hers/its 不加名词 他/她/它的 复数 第一人称 our +名词 ours 不加名词 我们的 第二人称 your +名词 yours 不加名词 你们的 第三人称 their +名词 theirs 不加名词 他/她/它们的 1．—Tina and Peter, are these your jump ropes? —Yes, they are __B_____. A．mine B．ours C．hers D．theirs 2．Tom’s favourite sport is the same as ____B___. A．me B．mine C．my D．myself 3. This isn’t ___A__ skirt. It’s ______. A. my, hers B. mine, her C. my, her D. mine, hers 4. —Is this your pencil, Peter? —No, it’s not __A___. You can ask Mary. A. mine B. his C. hers D. yours 5. —Bob, I can’t find my ruler. Can I borrow ___C__? —Of course. Here you are. A.his B. your C. yours D. you 二、U3语法拓展训练——回归教材 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 are using best twice keep match and do really in Xia Tian I like skateboarding very much. My friends and I practise at a special park 1. ____twice____ a week. My skateboard is really cool, and so 2. ___are_____ theirs. We encourage one another to 3. __do_____ tricks. Some tricks are difficult, but once you succeed, you feel great! I like skateboarding because it 4. ___keeps____me fit. Jenny This year, my goal is to be 5. ___really______ fit. I jog, swim, and do sit-ups. But my favorite way of keeping fit is 6. __using______ an exercise app to work out. The app gives me exercises to do every day. It can show my progress. My friends use the app too. We have fun when we keep fit together! Steve I'm 7. ___in____ my school's baseball club, so I play baseball quite often. It's my favourite sport. We play many 8. ___matches_____ . The other teams are great, but I think ours is the 9. ____best___ ! We usually practise three times a week after school. We also exercise a lot because it keeps us fit and helps us play better. Baseball also builds team spirit. All of us are good friends, both on 10. ___and____ off the field. We work as a team, and we win or lose as a team. 三、U3单元作文 第一段：点明锻炼的重要性和益处 1.It's important/necessary/meaningful/helpful to do exercise. 2.Doing exercise can keep us healthy and make us happy. 保持健康+让我们开心 3.Doing exercise can not only keep us fit , but also make our life colourful.保持健康+让生活丰富 第二段：具体表述如何锻炼 1. 基础版 1）We can..... and we also can.... 2）On weekends, we usually .... 2. 升级版 1）To make exercise a part of daily life, we can choose to ... 2）During PE classes, it’s a great choice to try all kinds of sports like..... 第三段：发出锻炼倡议 1.Let’s do exercise every day and keep healthy. 让我们每天锻炼，保持健康。 2.Don’t be lazy! Let’s do exercise now and stick to it.别偷懒!让我们现在开始锻炼并坚持下去。 【范文】 Let's Do Exercise Together August 8th is Fitness Day in China. For all of us, it's very important to do exercise. Doing exercise can keep us fit and make our life colourful. What's more, doing exercise can help us study better. We can do exercise when we want. It is good for us to go to school on foot or by bike. In PE classes, we can do lots of/many kinds of exercise, like running, jumping, playing basketball and so on. On weekends, we can climb mountains or go swimming with friends. Also, we can go hiking during the vacations. Let's do exercise and have a healthy life together! 四、U3重点词汇扩展 1. hardly (adv.几乎没有) → __hard__ (adj.困难的、硬的adv.努力地) 2. once (adv.一次) → __one__ (基数词 一) → __first__ (序数词 第一) 3. twice (adv.两次) → __two__ (基数词 一) → __second__ (序数词 第一) 4. perfect (adj.完美的:完全的) → __perfectly__ (adv.完美地:完全地) 5. sleepy (adj.困倦的.) → __sleep__ (v./n.睡觉) 6. encourage (v. 鼓励) → __encouragement__ (n.鼓励:鼓舞) 7. succeed (v.成功) → __politely__ (adv. 有礼貌地) 8. polite (adj.) → __success__ (n.成功) → __successful__ (adj.成功的)→ __successfully__ (adv.成功地) 9. lose (v.失去:丢失) → __lost__ (adj.迷路的；消失的) 10. jog (v.慢跑) → __jogging__ (jog的现在分词) 五、U3重点短语总结 【必会短语】 1. 跳绳（运动） __jump rope__ 2. 几乎从不 _____hardly ever_______ 3. 少数；几个 ______a few +复数______ 4. 劳驾；请原谅 _____excuse me_______ 5. 在那边 _____over there_______ 6. 属于（某人） _____belong to_______ 7. 工作日 _____ on weekdays_______ 8. 锻炼 ______work out______ 9. 一周两次 _____twice a week_______ 10. 跑鞋 _____running shoes_______ 11. 过得愉快 _____have fun_______ 12. 去慢跑 _______go jogging_____ 13. 保持健康 ______keep fit/healthy______ 14. 在周末 _____ on/at weekends______ $