Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Using language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语情态动词表示推测及“情态动词+have done”用法，通过“语境体悟-规则梳理-对点练习”支架，先以情境例句感知推测语气差异，再系统归纳不同情态动词（must/may/might/can/could）在现在/过去推测中的用法，最后通过练习巩固，构建完整知识脉络。 该资料融合语法、听力与词汇模块，听力“再利用”环节结合邀请场景对话训练提升语言能力，词汇学习通过“用法感知-归纳点拨-应用融会”培养学习能力，语法规则对比表格助于思维品质提升。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后练习帮助学生查漏补缺，强化知识应用。

Section Ⅲ　Using language 语法项目——情态动词(2) 语境中体悟 Today, a new student came to our class and our teacher let him sit next to me. He smiled at me when he sat down. I thought to myself he couldn't be difficult to get along with. When having English class, I noticed that he kept frowning. He may lose to catch what the teacher said. After class, I told him I could help him with his English after school. He must be surprised at my words, for it took him a few minutes to make a response. [语法入门] 加黑部分的情态动词都表示推测，其中must的语气最为肯定，may的语气较弱，couldn't表示否定推测，否定语气强烈。 学案中理清 一、情态动词表示推测的用法　 [先感知] ①(教材典句)The children must have been very excited as they opened it. ②You can't be hungry, for you had lunch only two hours ago. ③He couldn't have watched TV yesterday, for he knew he would have an exam. ④(教材典句)Who could it be from? ⑤The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. ⑥(教材典句)．.. they might not receive their presents if they were not good. [会发现] (1)must表示推测时只用于肯定句中，句①中的must have done表示对过去的推测。 (2)can/could也可以用来表示推测，在否定句中用来代替must。句②和句③中的can't和couldn't表示“不可能”，句④中的could表示“可能”，注意此时could不能表示对过去的推测，could_have_done才能表示对过去的推测。 (3)may和might表示推测时语气较弱，且might相比may语气更为不确定。 [明规则] 1．表示推测的基本用法 ①must只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定；必定”，否定句中要用can/could。 ②can/could用于疑问句中，意为“可能”；用于否定句中，意为“不可能”，语气强烈。 ③may/might用于肯定句中表示不十分肯定的推测，意为“有可能”；用于否定句中意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。 2．表示对现在的推测用“情态动词＋do”，表示对过去的推测用“情态动词＋have done”。 3．表示推测时，must的语气最强烈，can/could not表示否定推测，否定语气强烈， may的语气较弱，might的语气最不确定。 4．might和could均可表示“可能性”，在肯定句中二者意思相近，用于否定句时二者含义不同，could not＝can not，表示“不可能”，语气强烈。 5．should也可以表示推测，且常表示有依据或有前提的推测，意为“按说应该……”，语气仅弱于must。 如： It is already 10 o'clock now. They should be there. 现在已经十点了。他们按说应该到了。 [对点练]　(用适当的情态动词或所给单词的适当形式填空) ①—It must be John who is in the office. —No, it can't be him. I saw him off at the airport half an hour ago. ②(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)You may know the “feel-good”emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. ③—Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere. —Well, he can't have gone far — his coat is still here. ④Mr Smith is on time for everything. How can/could it be that he was late for the important meeting? ⑤He must have_completed (complete) his work; otherwise, he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside. 二、“情态动词＋have done”的含义和用法　 [先感知] ①He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he could have expressed it differently. ②What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he should have done better. ③You shouldn't have scolded him for his poor performance.After all, he had done his best. ④We needn't have bought so much food now that Suzie won't be with us for dinner. [会发现] 句①中的could have done表示本来能够做但实际上却未做，句②中的should have done表示本来应该做但实际上未做，句③中的shouldn't have done表示本来不应该做而实际上做了，句④中的needn't have done表示本来没必要做而实际上做了。 [明规则] 情态动词＋have done 含义和用法 must have done 用于肯定句，表推测；意为：过去一定做过…… can/could have done 用于否定句，表推测；意为：过去不可能做过…… 用于疑问句，表推测；意为：过去可能做过……吗？ could have done 用于肯定句；意为：本来能够做但实际上却未做 may/might have done 用于肯定句，表推测；意为：过去可能做过…… 用于否定句，表推测；意为：过去可能没有做过…… should/ought to have done 用于肯定句；意为：本来应该做但实际上未做…… 用于否定句；意为：本来不应该做而实际上做了…… needn't have done 没必要做而实际上做了…… [对点练]　(用“情态动词＋have done”完成句子) ①It must_have_rained last night, for the road is all wet. 昨天晚上一定是下雨了，因为路还湿着。 ②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Although they could never have met, there are common themes in their works. 虽然他们可能从未见过面，但他们的作品里有一些共同的主题。 ③I have one regret: I should_have_taken more advanced classes. 我有一个遗憾：我本应该学一些更高级的课程。 ④It turned out that the hotel was so near. I_needn't_have_taken_the_taxi. 结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。 应用中融通 Ⅰ.选词填空 1．Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy; they may just be quiet people.(must, may) 2．—I can't find my purse anywhere. —You may have lost it while shopping.(may, can) 3．He paid for a seat, when he could have entered free.(could, would) 4．“That must be a mistake.” “No, it can't be a mistake.”(can't, mustn't) 5．I thought you might like something to read, so I have brought you some books.(might, could) 6．I may come to the party with you, but I am not sure.(can, may) 7．You can try telephoning Mr Smith; he must be home now.(can, must) 8．Scotland can be very warm in September.(can, must) Ⅱ.完成句子 1．From what you said, she must_have_told_you all about it. 从你所说的来看，她一定把一切都告诉你了。 2．He can't_have_gone_to the supermarket, for his car is still parked here. 他不可能去超市了，因为他的车还在这停着。 3．He could_have_passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试的，但是他太粗心了。 4．You_must_be_Carol. You haven't changed a bit after all these years. 你一定是卡罗尔(Carol)。这么多年过去了，你一点儿都没变。 5．You might/may_have_read about it in the newspapers. 你可能已经在报上看过这个消息了。 6．I needn't_have_cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry. 我本不必做这么多饭的，大家都不饿。 教材听力“再利用” 一、由听力厚积语料库 1．next_Thursday_evening　　　 下周四晚上 2．come_over_to_my_apartment 到我的公寓来 3．get_together 聚会，聚集 4．be_known_for_... 因……而著名 5．far from the city center 远离市中心 6．at half past five 在五点半 7．plenty of food and drink 大量的食物和饮料 8．by the way 顺便提一下 二、教材录音材料的发掘训练 1．What might Hugo do next Thursday evening? A．Celebrating Thanksgiving with Tony. B．Having a dinner with his family. C．Buying some presents. 2．What is Thanksgiving Day for? A．It's the time to present people's skills. B．It's the time to get together. C．It's the time to give thanks to our family and friends. 3．What will Hugo bring with him? A．Some food and drink. B．Some flowers or candies. C．Some apple pie. 4．What else will they do after the dinner? A．Going out and watching the parade. B．Playing with their friends. C．Watching a football game. 答案：1～4　ACBC 三、依据教材听力完成句子 1．Would_you_like_to come over to my apartment? 2．It's_the_time_to_give thanks to our family and friends. 3．My dad is known for his special apple pie — he_learned_how_to_make_it from my grandma. 4．But if you'd like to bring some flowers or candies, my mom would_be_pleased. 5．But it might be a bit cold at night when you go home, so remember_to_bring_something_ warm_to_wear. 四、听说交际训练 根据提示，完成下面关于感恩节的对话。 Li Mei：Happy Thanksgiving Day! Lucy：The same to you! Do you have any plans? Li Mei：Not really, all my friends are going home. What are you going to do? Lucy：① If_you're_interested (如果你感兴趣), you can come to my home. Li Mei：That's very kind. Thanks. I'd love to come. Lucy：That's wonderful. I'm glad you're coming. By the way, you can bring a friend of yours. ② The_more,_the_merrier (越多，越快乐). Li Mei：Thank you. Could you tell me something about it? Lucy：③It's_the_time_for_a_family_to_get_together (这是家庭团聚的时刻). We always have lots of delicious food, like turkey and stuffing, but sometimes we have ham instead. My mother ④is_known_for_her_special_fruit_pies (以其独特的水果馅饼而出名)． Li Mei：That sounds like a big feast, like what we have at Spring Festival. I'm getting hungry just thinking about it. Do I ⑤need_to_bring_anything_with_me (需要带一些东西)? Lucy：No, you don't have to. But if you bring some fruit, my mother will be happy. Li Mei：OK. See you then. 听力素养“漫养成” |掌握规律技法| 如何解答与邀请有关的听力题 以“邀请”为主题的对话是听力常考场景之一，内容通常涉及邀请对方来家做客、出去吃饭、购物逛街、结伴出游、一起健身、观看演出等各个方面。 1．熟悉表示邀请与应答的常见句式 ①Will/Would/Can/Could you come to ...? ②Would you like ...? ③I'd like you to come to ... ④Yes, I'd like/love to. ⑤Yes, I'd be happy to. ⑥It's very kind/nice of you to invite me. ⑦I'd like/love to, but ... ⑧Thank you for inviting me, but ... 2．常见设题角度：一方面会考查与邀请有关的细节，如邀请的内容、时间、地点、相关人员等；另一方面则是考查受邀方是否接受邀请，此时通常是围绕受邀方会做什么来设置问题。 [典例1]　 When will the woman probably have dinner? A．At 5：30. B．At 6：00.　 C．At 6：40. [听力原文] M：What is your schedule this afternoon? Would you like to have dinner with me? W：Well, I can't be off work before 5：30 and have to pick up my daughter from her dance class at 6：40. We can find some time in between. Okay? [分析]　本文的场景为邀请对方共进晚餐，根据题干及选项可知，考查的是时间。听音时注意谈话双方的语言中与时间有关的内容。男士的话中提到this afternoon，女士的应答中提到两个时间点，5：30与6：40，根据“We can find some time in between.”可知B项正确。 [典例2] What has the woman decided to do on Sunday afternoon? A．To visit an exhibition. B．To attend a wedding. C．To meet a friend. [听力原文] M：I'm going to the museum on Sunday afternoon. There's a new exhibition of Indian art. Want to come with me? W：I'd love to, but my best friend is getting married on Sunday and I won't miss it for anything. [分析]　根据题干中的What has the woman decided to do可知，此题考查受邀方是否接受邀请，根据女士的应答“I'd love to, but”可知，她婉拒了邀请，but后的内容才是答案所在。由“my best friend is getting married”可知B项正确。 |多积主题表达| 1．celebrate Spring Festival　　 庆祝春节 2．traditional Chinese culture 中国传统文化 3．a traditional Chinese festival 中国传统节日 4．accept your invitation 接受你的邀请 5．be delighted to do sth. 很高兴做某事 6．attend the banquet 参加宴会 7．get to know 认识 8．have a good eye for 对……有眼力 9．come round for a meal 过来吃饭 10．splendid idea 极好的主意 11．I'd like to invite you to spend the festival with my family. 我想邀请你和我的家人一起过节。 12．It can enhance our understanding of our culture. 它能够增强我们对自己文化的了解。 13．Our traditional festivals are the treasures of the nation. 我们的传统节日是民族的瑰宝。 14．We usually sit around a round table, enjoying the beautiful moon and eating mooncakes. 我们通常会围坐在圆桌旁，赏月，吃月饼。 1．What do the words in bold indicate: an order, a request, ability or possibility? 黑体单词表示什么：命令、请求、能力或可能性？ ★request n．请求，要求vt.要求，请求 |用|法|感|知| •(动作描写佳句)He smiled, shaking his head and turning down my request. 他微笑着摇摇头，拒绝了我的请求。 •Our teacher made a request that we (should) take this opportunity to talk about how we learned English on the Internet. 我们的老师要求我们利用这个机会谈谈我们是如何在网上学习英语的。 •Confused about the problem, the boy requested his mom to explain it again. 对这个问题感到困惑不解，这个男孩让妈妈再给他解释一遍。 [归纳点拨] (1)make a request for sth./that ... 请求……；要求…… at one's request＝at the request of sb. 应某人的要求 (2)request sth. of/from sb. 要求某人某事 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 request that ... sb. (should) do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事 It is requested that ... sb. (should) do sth. 请求/要求某人做某事 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He sang a song at the request of the students. ②Our teacher made a request that we (should)_be_well_prepared for the exam. 我们的老师要求我们做好充分的准备应对考试。 (2)一句多译 老师要求学生不要在草地上走。 ③The teacher requested the students not_to_walk on the grass. ④The teacher requested that the students (should)_not_walk on the grass. [名师点津]　动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句及It is requested that ...从句中的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气，即“(should＋)动词原形”。 2．At a fancy dress party.在一个化装晚会上。 ★fancy adj.花哨的，别致的vt.想要，想做；真想不到；认为，想象n.幻想；爱好 |用|法|感|知| (写出下列句中fancy的汉语意思) ①Do you fancy going to the dance party on Saturday night? 想要 ②I fancy that I have met you before.认为 ③“The Heart of the Ocean” is a very fancy diamond.别致的 ④Did I really hear a voice or was it only my fancy？幻想 [归纳点拨] (1)fancy doing sth.　　　　 想要做某事 fancy sb. as/to be ... 想象某人是…… (2)have a fancy for sth. 热衷于某事 have a fancy that ... 感到/揣测…… |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ⑤He has a fancy for some wine with his dinner. ⑥The boy has a fancy that he won't pass the exam. ⑦I can't fancy him as an English teacher. ⑧Hello, Zhang Lin! Fancy_meeting_you_here! 你好，张林！真没想到能在这里遇见你！ ⑨My grandfather has__a_fancy_for_fishing. 我爷爷喜欢钓鱼。 [名师点津]　fancy用作动词时，有时用于祈使句，表示惊讶或震惊，意为“真想不到，竟然”。 3．The lantern fair attracts a lot of people, so it's one of the busiest times of year for the traffic police. 灯会吸引了很多人，所以这是交警一年中最忙的时候之一。 ★attract v．吸引，引起……的兴趣 |用|法|感|知| •(动作描写佳句)She flagged her yellow blouse and spared no effort to yell so as to attract others' attention. 为了引起别人的注意，她把自己的黄色衬衫举了起来，并不遗余力地大喊大叫。 •Huaguo Mountain is a famous tourist attraction in Lianyungang.花果山是连云港著名的旅游胜地。 •So attractive and alive is paper cutting that I think you could be interested in it. 剪纸如此吸引人，如此栩栩如生，我想你会感兴趣的。 [归纳点拨] (1)attract one's attention/mind 引起某人的注意 attract sb.to sth. 吸引某人关注某事 (2)attraction n． 吸引(力)；有吸引力的事物 a tourist attraction 旅游胜地 (3)attractive adj. 有吸引力的；吸引人的；诱人的 |应|用|融|会| (1)用attract的适当形式填空 ①In Beijing, there are many tourist attractions,_like the Great Wall, the Temple of Heaven and Tian'anmen Square. But what attracts me most is the Summer Palace, which is also attractive to foreigners. (2)单句语法填空/完成句子 ②What attracted me most to the job was the chance to travel. ③The student tried to attract_the_teacher's_attention by reading loudly. 这名学生试图通过大声朗读引起老师的注意。 (3)句式升级(用过去分词短语作状语) ④He was attracted by the beauty and he didn't want to leave right now. →Attracted_by_the_beauty,_he didn't want to leave right now. [名师点津]　attraction作“名胜；吸引人的事物”讲时是可数名词；而作“魅力；吸引力”讲时是不可数名词。 4．We'll hold a lantern riddles competition, too. 我们也将举办一次猜灯谜比赛。 ★competition n．比赛，竞赛；竞争 |用|法|感|知| •(心理描写佳句)The day of the competition was near. Jenny and Carl were getting more and more nervous. 比赛的日子快到了。珍妮和卡尔变得越来越紧张。 •Learning English well enables you to stand out in competition with others. 学好英语能使你在与他人竞争中脱颖而出。 •The students competed against each other on school sports meeting. 学生们在学校运动会上相互竞争。 •With our society becoming more competitive, it is very important to stay healthy. 随着社会竞争越来越激烈，保持健康是很重要的。 [归纳点拨] (1)in competition with ...　 与……竞争 (2)compete vi. 比赛；竞争，对抗 compete against/with ...( for ...) (为争取……)而与……对抗/竞争 compete in ... 在……上比赛/竞争 compete for ... 为……竞争/比赛 compete to do sth. 竞相做某事 (3)competitor n． 参赛者，竞赛者；竞争者，对手 competitive adj. 竞争的，有竞争力的 |应|用|融|会| (1)用compete的适当形式填空 ①The young tennis competitor often competes in some competitions against the players who are more competitive than him. (2)单句语法填空/一句多译 ②The two girls competed with/against each other for the first prize. ③Universities are very competitive (compete) for the best students. ④They will compete in various challenges like firefighting. ⑤他们想与另一家公司竞争。 →They wanted to _be_in_competition_with another company. (competition) →They wanted to compete_with another company. (compete) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $