Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Using language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义聚焦情态动词（be able to, have to, had better, dare, need）用法这一核心知识点，通过“语境中体悟”（Li Qing校园生活实例）导入，“学案中理清”语法规则（时态、人称变化及与can/must等的区别），再经“对点练”“应用中融通”实现从理解到应用的学习支架构建。 该资料以情境化设计为亮点，结合校园、餐厅等真实语境提升语言能力，通过对比辨析（如can与be able to的时态差异）培养思维品质，听力再利用和词汇拓展（如diet, addict）助力学习能力。课中辅助情境教学，课后练习巩固，有效查漏补缺。

Section Ⅲ　Using language 语法项目——情态动词(1) 语境中体悟 After several weeks of learning in senior high school, Li Qing is able to adjust himself to the new school life. In classes, he has to focus his mind on his teachers, or he can't grasp what his teachers have taught. Meanwhile, his teachers often tell him that he had better balance his study and play. He needn't stay up to do his homework. However, I dare say he is going to find himself growing into a well-rounded individual. [语法入门] ①黑体词汇都是情态动词，它们后面都接动词原形。 ②情态动词一般无人称和数的变化。can和dare有时态变化，be able to和have to有人称和时态的变化。 ③构成否定句时，not放在情态动词后面。 学案中理清 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，本身具有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。情态动词(除be able to和have to之外)一般无人称和数的变化，个别情态动词(can, dare等)有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。 一、be able to的用法　 be able to意为“能够”，后接动词原形，表示某人做某事的能力，be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。 1．be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力或一种结果。 2．be able to 可用于各种时态，也可用在may, might, want等词后。 3．be able to表示“能力”时，和can的用法相似。但也有区别： (1)be able to有多种时态形式， 而can只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态，即can和could。 (2)be able to强调通过努力而获得的能力，而can则强调自身已具有的能力。 He will be able to sing this song in English in a few minutes, too. 几分钟之后，他也能用英语唱这首歌。 She can sing the song in English. 她能用英语唱这首歌。 (3)be able to 强调一种结果，而can只强调一种可能。 Luckily, he was able to escape from the big fire in the end. 幸运的是，他最终从大火中逃了出来。 We can eat in a restaurant, if you like. 如果你愿意，我们可以去餐馆吃饭。 [对点练]　(选词填空：can, be able to) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think. ②(2024·浙江1月高考)After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap (圈)． ③(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I can't wait to show you my creation in person and perhaps we can enjoy a similar experience together. ④Father spent hours talking to him.At last he was_able_to drop the silly idea. 二、have to的用法　 have to 意为“不得不，必须”， 后跟动词原形，have to可用于各种时态中，强调客观需要。 1．have to的陈述句形式 (1)肯定式：have/has to＋动词原形 (2)否定式：don't/doesn't/didn't＋have to＋动词原形 2．have to的一般疑问句形式：需把助动词 do, did或does提到句首。 3．have to 的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋do/does/did＋主语＋have to do sth.？　　 4．have to和must的用法区别： (1)must强调说话者的主观意愿；have to强调客观上的必要性。 He said that he must work hard. 他说他必须努力工作。 The last bus left, and he had to walk home. 最后一班车走了，他不得不步行回家。 (2)mustn't意为“不许，不可以”，表示禁止；而not have to意为“不必”。 You don't have to do the work right now. 你现在不必做这项工作。 You mustn't smoke here. 你绝不能在这儿吸烟。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①(2024·浙江1月高考)In her first PE class, Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had_to_run_one mile around the track outside. 在她的第一节体育课上，当Pitt教练宣布每个人必须在外面的跑道上跑一英里时，Eva感到震惊。 ②The law states that people mustn't_drive after drinking alcohol. 法律规定禁止人们酒后驾车。 ③We don't_have_to hurry, for there's plenty of time. 我们不必着急，因为时间很充裕。 ④We must_be home by six. 我们必须在6点以前到家。 ⑤I'd also like to know how much I have_to_pay for the course. 我还想了解一下学这门课程得付多少钱。 ⑥Yesterday morning I had_to_call_on a friend. 昨天早上我必须去拜访一个朋友。 三、had better的用法　 had better后接动词原形，意为“最好”，用于现在时或将来时，可用于一切人称，没有任何词形变化。 had better中的had通常缩略为'd；构成否定式时，常将not置于had better之后；而构成疑问式时，则常将had置于主语之前。 [对点练]　(翻译句子) ①你最好不要乘飞机去那里。 You_had_better_not_go_there_by_plane. ②你最好睡一会儿。 You'd_better_get_some_sleep. 四、dare和need的用法　 1．dare (1)dare意为“敢于，胆敢”，作情态动词时，主要用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中，一般不用在肯定句中。 (2)dare也可以用作实义动词，有时态、人称和数的变化。所不同的是，作实义动词时，在肯定句中dare后面通常接带to的不定式；在否定句和疑问句中，dare后可接带to或不带to的不定式。 2．need (1)need意为“需要”或“必须”，作情态动词时，用于否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should代替。 (2)need也可以用作实义动词，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，其后可接名词、代词、动名词或带 to 的动词不定式作宾语。 [名师点津]　I dare say 是习惯说法(用于肯定句)，并不一定要译为“我敢说”，它所表示的是一种不肯定的语气，常译为“很可能”“大概”“我想”等，有时用作反语。例如： I dare say (that) you are right. 我想你是对的。 Oh, you mean to win? I dare say you will. 啊，你想打赢？我且看你赢吧。 [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①Dare you tell (tell) her the news? ②I daren't go (go) out alone at night. ③He dares to_say (say) whatever he wants to say. ④I love the weekends, because I needn't get (get) up early. ⑤I need to_get (get) some sleep. ⑥You needn't come (come) if you are busy. 应用中融通 Ⅰ.根据语境选用dare, must或have to的适当形式补全对话 1．M：How dare you speak to your mother in such a rude way? You must apologize to her now. W：Well, I didn't mean to do that. 2．M：May I take this magazine out of the reading room, Madam? W：No, you mustn't. You should read it here. 3．M：Should I buy some gifts for the Smiths? W：You don't_have_to buy gifts, but you can if you want to. 4．M：Why did you refuse to buy a dog for your daughter and son? W：Well, I'm busy with my work every day. If I keep a dog, I have_to walk it at least three times a week. That's a waste of time for me. 5．M：Tomato plants must be watered regularly, or they won't grow well. W：Thanks a lot. No one told me that before. Ⅱ.片段完形(can/need/be able to/had better/have to) Miss Fang ①could not read for very long with her eyes hurt. Her mother told her that she ②needed to go to hospital and see a doctor.“You ③had_better see a doctor as soon as possible，” her mother said. When Miss Fang had free time, she went to hospital.The clerk said that the doctor ④could see her at 3：30 pm. Miss Fang replied that she would not ⑤be_able_to be there at 3：30 pm because she ⑥had_to take an important test then. She asked the clerk if she could arrange the examination at about ten tomorrow morning. 教材听力“再利用” 一、由听力厚积语料库 1．ready_to_order　　　　　　　 准备点餐 2．a_small_amount_of 少量的 3．make_it_taste_better 使它尝起来更好 4．have a lot of sugar and fat 含大量糖和脂肪 5．thanks for the advice 谢谢你的建议 6．the same as she ordered 和她点的一样 二、教材录音材料的发掘训练 1．Where does the dialogue take place? A．In the restaurant. B．In the classroom. C．At home. 2．What does Harriet think of salad with dressing? A．It tastes like fruit. B．It contains healthy chemicals. C．It has sugar and fat. 3．What's the problem with fat-free yoghurt? A．It has no fat. B．It contains a lot of sugar. C．It makes people fat. 4．What's Janet's last order? A．A salad with no dressing. B．A glass of water. C．Both A and B. 答案：1～4　ACBC 三、依据教材听力完成句子 1．What kind of dressing would_you_like on that? 2．Even 100% fruit juice can have as_much_sugar_as_soft_drinks. 3．That's_why they add a lot of sugar to make it taste better. 4．And you know sugar can_be_harmful if you eat too much. 5．I'll have_a_salad_with_no_dressing and a glass of water. 四、听说交际训练 根据提示，完成下面在餐厅点餐的对话。 Waiter：Would you like ① to_order (点餐) now, madam? Mary：Yes, please. I'm trying ② to_eat_more_healthily(吃得更健康) so I'd like mushrooms. Waiter：OK. Do you want ③something_to_drink (一些喝的东西)? Soft drinks, juice, tea or coffee? Mary：A bottle of juice. John：You'd better not. As we all know, most bottled fruit juice can be harmful because it contains chemicals that ④taste_like_fruit (尝起来像水果). Mary：Uh. I'd like some water, please. Waiter：No problem. And, for you, sir? John：I will have ⑤ the_same_as_she_ordered (和她点的一样). Thanks. 听力素养“漫养成” |掌握规律技法| 借助委婉表达解题 在日常交际中，人们倾向于避开过于直白的用词，常用委婉含蓄的语言来表达自己的观点，特别是在表示反对或提出建议时。如常见的Not a good idea./Did you know that ...？/Sorry, but there's a problem with .../You had better .../What about .../Would you mind .../Could you please ...等。听录音时，多关注这些委婉表达，领会说话者的言外之意，有助于我们把握其真正的观点态度，提高解题准度。 [典例] Q：What does the woman want to do? A．See a movie. B．Go to a music show. C．Try a new restaurant. [听力原文] W：What should we do tonight? M：How about we go to a movie? Or try a new restaurant? W：We do those things every weekend. I want to do something new. What about going to a music show? [分析]　分析题干可知，本题考查的是对话中女士的打算，根据最后一句中的“What about going to a music show？”可知，她想去看音乐节目。此处的What about ...？不是表达疑问，而是以委婉的语气表明自己的意见。 |多积主题表达| 1．go to cafeteria　　　　　　 去自助餐厅 2．dinner party 晚餐会 3．reserve/make a reservation 预定 4．service charge 服务费 5．take your order 点菜 6．look at the menu 看菜单 7．home-cooked meal 自己家里做的饭 8．treat sb. 请客 9．split the bill 分摊费用 10．go Dutch 各自付账 11．Would you like something to drink before you order? 点餐前要来点饮料吗？ 12．It's lovely, especially the steak. 非常的棒，尤其是这肉排。 13．Then I can't buy the cake. I don't have enough cash for it. 那我就不能买这个蛋糕了，我的现金不够。 14．Waiter，I've been waiting for half an hour.Where's my food? 服务生，我已经等了半个钟头了。我的餐点呢？ 15．Any suggestion for the main course? 对于主菜有什么建议呢？ 1．Now talk about the function of modals. 现在来谈谈情态动词的功能。 ★function n．(事物的)功能，作用，(某人的)职责； 函数 vi.正常工作，起作用，运转 |用|法|感|知| •(“情节描写”佳句) Suddenly, an idea struck me. I downloaded a translation app and used the voice function to translate what the lady said into English. 突然，一个念头闪过我的脑海。我下载了一个翻译软件，用语音功能把那位女士说的话翻译成英语。 •Without a cup of coffee in the morning, Jenny will not be able to function properly. 如果早上不喝一杯咖啡，珍妮就不能正常工作。 •The sofa also functions as a bed. 这张沙发还可以当床用。 [归纳点拨] (1)the function of ...　　　　　 ……的作用 circular function 三角函数 (2)function as ... 起……作用 |应|用|融|会| (1)写出下列句中加黑词的词性及汉语意思 ①The machine doesn't function properly.vi.运转 ②The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body. n．功能 ③In your new job you will perform a variety of functions. n．职责 ④A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning.vi.正常工作 (2)完成句子 ⑤On weekdays, one third of the room functions_as workspace. 在工作日， 房间的三分之一用作办公区域。 2．related adj.有关系的，相关的 |用|法|感|知| •(时代主题句)The “new four great inventions” are all related to China's high-tech innovation. “新四大发明”都与中国高科技创新有关。 •What she said doesn't relate well with the facts. 她所说的与事实不大相符。 •I have a lot to say in relation to that problem. 关于那个问题，我有很多话要说。 [归纳点拨] (1)(be) related to　 　 有关系的，有关联的 (2)relate vt. 涉及；与……有联系 relate to/with 与……有关/相符；涉及 relate ... to/with ... 　 把……与……联系起来 (3)relation n. 关系；联系 in/with relation to 关于；与……相比 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①I can't relate what you said to/with what I saw. ②This relates to/with something I mentioned earlier. (2)替换加黑词汇 ③Food safety is very important to us because it has something to do with our health. is_in_relation_to/is_related_to 3．If you dare not try a “painful” diet to stay healthy, this new app is the perfect solution — and you needn't pay for it! 如果你不敢尝试“痛苦的”饮食来保持健康，这个新的应用程序是完美的解决方案，并且你不用付费！ ★diet n．日常饮食vi.节食；进行规定饮食 |用|法|感|知| •(“建议”类写作佳句)A balanced diet and regular exercise are both important for your health. 均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼对你的健康都很重要。 •I mustn't have too many potatoes because I'm now on a diet. 我不能吃太多的土豆，因为我正在节食。 [归纳点拨] be on a diet　　　　　 节食(表示状态) go on a diet 节食(表示动作) a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 |应|用|融|会| (1)选词填空：be on a diet, go on a diet ①People who are_on_a_diet can't eat chocolate. ②I've gained much weight recently. I have to go_on_a_diet. (2)完成句子 ③So, I advise_you_to_have_a_balanced_diet,_then you'll feel better. 所以，我建议你均衡饮食，然后你会感觉更好。 4．So, if you're a sugar addict and aren't able to say no to chocolate or cola, you had better download it now! 所以，如果你是一个爱吃糖的人，且不能拒绝巧克力或可乐，你最好现在就下载它！ ★addict n．对……着迷的人v.使沉溺，使上瘾 |用|法|感|知| •Jane is a book addict and never spends a day without reading. 简是个书虫，从来没有一天不看书的。 •As far as I'm concerned, it is not wise for us to be addicted to playing with smartphones because we may ignore other important things in life. 在我看来，我们沉迷于智能手机是不明智的，因为我们可能忽视生活中其他重要的事情。 •(“求助”类写作佳句)My friend gets addicted to the Internet.Could you give me some advice on what to do with it? 我的一个朋友上网成瘾。你能给我一些应对这个问题的建议吗？ 归纳点拨 (1)addict oneself to ...　沉溺于…… (2)addicted adj.　入迷的，有瘾的，上瘾的 be/become/get addicted to沉迷于；对……上瘾 (3)addictive adj.　使人上瘾的；使人入迷的 addiction n. 瘾；嗜好；入迷 名师点津 be/become/get addicted to中to为介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①Her son addicted himself to playing games, which had a bad effect on his study. ②Addicted (addict) to playing the violin, he didn't notice his mom walk into his room. (2)一句多译 他对各种零食上瘾，这严重损伤了他的健康。 ③He becomes/is/gets_addicted_to all sorts of snacks, which badly damages his health.(addicted) ④He addicts_himself_to all sorts of snacks, which badly damages his health.(addict v．) ⑤Addicted_to all sorts of snacks, he gets his health badly damaged.(形容词短语作状语) 5．While going on your first trip to the UK is exciting, new and different customs can also be confusing. 尽管第一次去英国旅行是令人兴奋的，但新的不同的习俗也可能会令人困惑。 句中的While going on ... exciting是while引导的让步状语从句，从句中动名词短语作主语。 (1)while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although/though。 (2)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，一般与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生。 (3)while还可作并列连词，意为“而；然而”，表示对比。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构(用while进行改写) ①My mother loves me very much, but she is very strict with me. →While_my_mother_loves_me_very_much,_she is very strict with me. ②Some people live in plenty. Others haven't enough to eat. →Some people live in plenty, while others haven't enough to eat. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③While_they_were_just_children,_they made contributions to the environmental protection. 尽管只是些小孩，但他们为环境保护做出了贡献。 ④(2024·浙江1月高考写作) Sitting at desks for hours can make us tired while_running_on_the_playground can relax us and reduce our pressure. 坐在桌子旁数小时会使我们很累，然而在操场上跑步可以让我们放松，减轻我们的压力。 ⑤The computer system broke down suddenly while_he_was_searching_for_information. 当他正在搜索信息时，电脑系统突然出故障了。 6．Table manners, however, can differ in different situations. 然而，餐桌礼仪在不同的情况下会有所不同。 ★differ v．不同，不一样，有区别 |用|法|感|知| •The two aspects which British English and American English differ in are spelling and pronunciation. 英式英语和美式英语的两个不同之处在于拼写和发音。 •The climate differs sharply from one area to another. 不同地区的气候差别很大。 •My opinion is different from yours. 我的意见和你的不同。 •(哲理性结尾)A false step will make a great difference to our future. 走错一步对我们的将来会产生很大影响。 [归纳点拨] (1)differ in ...　 　 在……方面不同 differ from ... 与……不同/有区别 differ with sb. on/over/about sth. 与某人在某事上的意见不同 (2)different adj. 不同的，有区别的 be different in ... 在……方面不同 be different from 不同于，与……有区别 (3)difference n. 差异，差别 make a difference to ... 对……起作用/有影响/有关系 |应|用|融|会| (1)用differ的适当形式填空 ①Jim and Jack are twins, but they have many differences. They differ in behaviour. In addition, they are different from each other in character. (2)完成句子/同义句转换 ②We differ_with_you_on/over/about that point. 我们与你们在那一点上的意见不同。 ③Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways. →Things in the world are_different_from each other in a thousand ways. 世界上的事物是千差万别的。 7．Highly recommended! 强烈推荐！ ★recommend v．推荐；介绍；建议 |用|法|感|知| •Can you recommend some new books on this subject? 你能推荐一些有关这个话题的新书吗？ •I recommend going by railway. 我建议乘火车去。 •(“推荐”类写作佳句)I recommend you to buy the book, since it is really worth reading. 我推荐你买这本书，因为它确实值得一读。 •(“建议”类写作佳句)To master Mandarin, I strongly recommend that you (should) practice with Chinese people. 为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你与中国人进行练习。 [归纳点拨] (1)recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物　 recommend sb. as ... 举荐某人当…… (2)recommend (doing) sth. 建议(做)某事 recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that ... (should) do 建议……(应该)做 It is/was recommended that ... (should) do 有人建议……(应该)做 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①I'll recommend her as his secretary. ②I recommend you to_do (do) what he says. ③The boy's father strongly recommended sending (send) him to school in England. ④I recommend_this_book_to_anyone with an interest in chemistry. 我推荐这本书给任何一个对化学感兴趣的人。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $