Unit 1 Food for Thought 阅读·久久为功-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（外研版）

本讲义围绕“食物与文化”主题，构建“名言积累-课文精读-词汇巩固-写作输出-拓展阅读”的学习支架。先通过中外饮食名言奠定主题认知，再以《A Child of Two Cuisines》《Cold Truths》两篇课文进行精读，配套对译和难句破解，随后分类梳理核心词汇，最后提供写作范文与主题拓展阅读，形成完整学习链条。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，如课文通过跨文化饮食经历展现中英文化交融，名言积累涵盖中外智慧提升文化鉴赏力。难句破解（如“must have done”结构分析）与词汇拓展助力语言能力提升，拓展阅读探讨食物与文化关联培养思维品质。课中辅助主题教学深化理解，课后词汇表与范文帮助学生查漏补缺，提升自主学习效率。

附：《阅读·久久为功》 一、背主题名句，写大气文章 1．Food is as fundamental to man as the people are to the state.—Chen Shou 国以民为本，民以食为天。——陈寿 2．The more you eat, the less flavor; the less you eat, the more flavor. 多吃少滋味，少吃多滋味。 3．Food brings people together on many different levels. It's nourishment of the soul and body; it's truly love.—Giada De Laurentiis 食物在许多不同的层面上把人们聚集在一起，它是心灵和身体的养料，是真正的爱。——吉娅达·德·劳伦蒂斯 4．Taking radish in winter and ginger in summer will keep the doctor away. 冬吃萝卜夏吃姜，不用医生开药方。 5．Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 睡得早起得早，聪明富裕身体好。 二、课文不厌百遍读，书中自有“黄金屋” 课文1　A Child of Two Cuisines(享受跨国美食的孩子) 　　 countries ever since I was able to hold a knife and fork — and chopsticks! 　 [课文对译]　 我在英国长大，我爸爸是英国人，妈妈是中国人。从能拿刀叉——还有筷子——开始，我就一直在享受这两个国家的食物！ [难句破解]　 句①　“Growing up ... Chinese mother”为现在分词短语作原因状语；“ever since ...chopsticks”为ever since引导的时间状语从句。 Mum has sweet memories of the food from her home town in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot! But there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try even after many years of marriage to my mother. He once told me the table when he first visited my mother's parents in China. He was even shocked at their wedding when he saw how the Chinese ate almost every part of an animal. Even today, he still does not easily take to eating things like chicken feet. [课文对译]　 妈妈对四川家乡的食物有着美好的回忆，她经常会做一些辛辣菜肴。正因为如此，爸爸已经逐渐爱上了火锅！但是，尽管已经和妈妈结婚好多年了，爸爸还是有一些不敢尝试的菜肴。他曾告诉我，第一次去中国拜访妈妈的父母时，餐桌上摆的东西让他大吃一惊。在婚礼上，他更是吓了一跳，因为他看到差不多动物的所有部位中国人都吃。直到今天，他还是不习惯吃鸡爪之类的东西。 [难句破解]　 句②　“he was surprised ...in China”为省略了that的宾语从句，其中包含了what引导的宾语从句和when引导的时间状语从句。 But I enjoy that sort of food myself. Last week, I went to the butcher's and asked, “Do you have pigs' ears？”“No，” the butcher said, pulling at his own ears，“just these ordinary ones.” He I was joking. [课文对译] 不过我自己很喜欢吃这类食物。上周，我去肉店问：“你们这里有猪耳朵吗？”“没有，”肉店老板拽了拽自己的耳朵说，“只有这种普通的耳朵。”他肯定觉得我是在开玩笑。 [难句破解]　 句③　此处属于“must have done” 结构，表示对过去发生的动作或状态的肯定推测，意为“想必/准是/一定做了……”。 Dad can cook a super “full English breakfast” of bacon, eggs, beans, sausages and toast with butter — Mum and I just have to find a way to get him into the kitchen! He also does a typical Sunday roast. We all love roast beef and vegetables, but Mum says we'd better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies, according to traditional Chinese medicine. [课文对译] 爸爸会做美味的“全套英式早餐”，有培根、鸡蛋、豆子、香肠，还有黄油吐司——不过我和妈妈得想办法让他进厨房(他才动手)！他也会做传统的星期日烤肉大餐，我们都喜欢烤的牛肉和蔬菜，但妈妈说最好不要吃太多烧烤食物，因为根据传统中医的说法，这会引起上火。 I'll never forget my first visit to China. Mum encouraged me to try different kinds of food, and I did! I loved everything. But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe. “You needn't try it if you don't want to，” Mum said, but I gathered all my courage to take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn't so bad. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate. Maybe I'll fall in love with stinky tofu — someday. [课文对译] 我永远不会忘记自己的第一次中国之旅。妈妈鼓励我尝试各种食物，我也照做了！我什么都喜欢吃。可是就在我以为自己能够接受所有中国食物的时候，我遇到了臭豆腐，一种可怕的灰色食物，样子和气味就像是烧焦的运动鞋。“如果你不想尝试的话，可以不吃。”妈妈说。但我还是鼓足所有勇气咬了一口，结果惊奇地发现也没那么糟。它的味道让我想起了蓝纹奶酪，一种类似的有着浓重气味的食物，你要么会爱上它，要么会恨死它。也许我会爱上臭豆腐的——将来总有那么一天吧。 People say that one man's meat is another man's poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures. To me, biscuits and a cup of Chinese oolong tea in a fine china cup! [课文对译] 人们常说，一个人的佳肴可能是另一个人的毒药，但中英两种文化中的食物我都喜欢。对我来说，用英国饼干搭配盛在细瓷杯中的中国乌龙茶——没有什么比这样一次跨文化的下午茶更棒的了！ [难句破解]　 句④　此处为“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级含义。 课文2　Cold Truths(冰箱真相) Is there any truth behind the saying “You are what you eat”？ We put this to the testby asking five people to open their fridge doors and talk about their lifestyles. Can you guess which fridge belongs to which person? Maybe you can recognise your own fridge here! [课文对译] 俗话说“人如其食”，这是真的吗？为了检验这句话，我们邀请五个人打开自己的冰箱，并聊聊他们的生活方式。你能猜出哪个冰箱属于哪个人吗？也许你能在这里看到自家冰箱的影子哦！ 　　Ellie　24　Junior doctor There's not enough room to swing a cat in my small apartment, so I don't cook very often. My fridge is usually half empty and I often end up saving part of my meal for the next day.Some evenings, I'll just have something quick, like toast, or even just a yoghurt with honey. As a doctor, energy right now.　 [课文对译]　埃莉　24岁　实习医生 我的小公寓连转身的空间都没有，所以我不常做饭。我的冰箱通常都是半空的，反正我也经常累得吃不下多少。我常常会把一部分饭菜留到第二天吃。有的晚上，我会只吃些快捷食品，比如吐司，或者只是酸奶配蜂蜜。作为医生，我知道我最好改变这种饮食方式，但我现在完全没有时间和精力。 [难句破解]　 句①　“too ...to do ...”表示“太……而不能做……”，too后接形容词或副词，不定式短语作结果状语。 句②　本句为but连接的并列句。第一分句中，I had better change the way I eat为省略了连接词that的宾语从句，其中I eat是省略了关系词that或in which的定语从句，修饰先行词the way。 Jenny　31　Teacher My husband and I avoid all products that come from animals. This means we don't eat meat, and any milk or cheese had better be dairy-free. We like cooking at home and make our meals from fresh, seasonal fruit and vegetables. other's days. If we have children, I want to bring them up just like us, but my husband says that everyone should be able to make their own lifestyle choices. [课文对译]　珍妮　31岁　教师 我和我丈夫什么动物制品都不吃。这意味着我们不吃肉，奶或奶酪也最好不是动物乳制成的。我们喜欢在家做饭，用新鲜的时令水果和蔬菜来烹饪。一起做饭给了我们放松的机会，也让我们有机会聊聊彼此日常的情况。如果有了孩子，我想按照我们的生活方式养育他们，但我丈夫说，每个人都应该有权选择自己的生活方式。 [难句破解]　 句③　动名词短语Cooking together作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。and连接的两个并列的不定式短语to relax和catch up on each other's days (catch 前省略了to)作后置定语，修饰a chance。 Ted　35　Construction worker Each day at the construction site is more or less the same — tiring! When I get back home, . I guess I've always been a big meat eater and in this house, I still don't think that anything can beat my mum's homemade sausages, though. [课文对译]　特德　35岁　建筑工人 建筑工地上每天都差不多——累！回家后，什么都比不上一顿肉食大餐更让人心满意足了。我想我一直都挺爱吃肉的，在我家没有一顿饭是完全没有肉的。不过，我还是觉得什么也比不上我妈妈做的香肠。 [难句破解]　 句④　本句中使用“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义，there's nothing more ... than ...意为“没有比……更……的了”。 句⑤　本句使用了双重否定结构，表示肯定含义。 Mike　49　Chef With five children, we're one big family! My wife and I both work full-time, so life can get pretty busy! Like a lot of chefs I know, I don't really do much cooking at home. Sometimes I bring home food from the restaurant where I work. Once a week, we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen food. I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables, but ready meals are so convenient. [课文对译]　迈克　49岁　厨师 我们有五个孩子，是一个大家庭！我和我的妻子都有全职工作，所以日子过得相当忙碌！就像我认识的许多厨师一样，我在家里并不怎么做饭。有时候我会从上班的餐馆带一些吃的回来。我们每周大采购一次，会买许多速冻食品。我知道我们应该多吃些新鲜水果和蔬菜，但是即食食品真的很方便。 Max　19　College student My mum says I need to have three healthy meals a day, but I'm too busy studying and meeting friends! We don't really buy fresh food, and I suppose the fridge could be kind of cleaner ...I daren't let my mum see this photo! [课文对译]　马克斯　19岁　大学生 我们五个人共住一间学生公寓。妈妈常说，每日三餐要吃得健康，但我的学习和社交生活太忙了！我们不怎么买新鲜食物，而且我觉得冰箱应该再干净点儿……我可不敢让我妈妈看到这张照片！ [难句破解]　 句⑥　本句是there be句型，现在分词短语living in ... house作后置定语，修饰five of us，其中过去分词shared 作前置定语，修饰student house。 三、词汇记忆无诀窍，适时“回首”记得牢 1．maple n．　　　　　　 枫树，槭树 2．pudding n. 布丁 3．snack n. (正餐以外的)小吃，点心 4．cuisine n. 烹饪(法) 5．spicy adj. (食物)加有香料的，辛辣的 6．hot pot 火锅 7．dare modal verb 胆敢，敢于 8．marriage n. 婚姻 拓展 9．wedding n. 婚礼 10．sort n. 种，类 搭配 11．butcher n. 肉贩 12．super adj. 极好的，了不起的 同义|excellent/wonderful/splendid/great 13．bacon n. (通常切成薄片的)咸猪肉，熏猪肉 14．sausage n. 香肠 15．toast n. 烤面包(片)，吐司 16．butter n. 黄油，牛油 17．typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的 拓展 18．roast n. 大块烤肉 adj. 烤好的，烤制的 19．suffer v. (身体或精神上)受苦 搭配|suffer from 遭受 拓展|suffering n. 痛苦；苦难 20．stinky adj. 难闻的，有臭味的 21．tofu n. 豆腐 22．horrible adj. 糟糕的 同义|terrible/awful 23．gather v. 聚集 拓展|gathering n. 聚集；聚会；集会 24．bite n. 咬 25．cheese n. 干酪，奶酪 26．someday adv. 将来会有一天，有朝一日 27．poison n. 毒素，毒物，毒药 拓展|poisonous adj. 有毒的 28．oolong n. 乌龙茶 29．china n. 瓷，瓷料 联想|China n. 中国 30．symbol n. 象征，标志 31．opinion n. 意见，看法 同义|idea/view/judgement 32．function n. (事物的)功能；作用 33．download v. 下载(信息或程序) 拓展|upload v. 上传(数据) 34．related adj. 有关系的，相关的 搭配|be related to 和……有联系/有关 拓展|relate v. 使……有联系；叙述 35．diet n. 日常饮食 36．addict n. 对……着迷的人 拓展 37．tip n. 指点，建议 38．custom n. 风俗，习惯，传统 39．manners n．　　 　 礼貌，礼仪 搭配 40．in case 以防万一 联想|in case of 假使，如果 41．trick n. 诀窍，技巧，技法 搭配|play a trick on sb. 　　　 捉弄某人 42．plate n. 盘，碟 43．handle n. 柄，把手 44．differ v. 不同，不一样，有区别 搭配|differ from 不同于 拓展 45．BBQ n. (barbecue 的缩写)烧烤野餐 46．tender adj. 嫩的，软的(尤指烹饪恰到好处) 47．steak n. 牛排 48．sauce n. 调味汁，酱汁 49．slightly adv. 略微，稍微 拓展|slight adj. 轻微的；略微的 50．incredibly adv. 极端地，非常地 拓展|incredible adj. 　 不能相信的；难以置信的 51．pizzeria n. 比萨饼餐厅 52．vegetarian adj. (全是)蔬菜的，没有肉类的 53．bitter adj. 苦的，有苦味的 54．bakery n. 面包店，糕饼店 55．cheesecake n. 干酪蛋糕 56．creamy adj. 似奶油的，软厚平滑的，光滑细软的 57．recommend v. 推荐 拓展|recommendation n． 推荐 58．acid n. 酸 59．attack v. 侵袭，侵蚀 60．yoghurt n. 酸乳，酸奶 61．within prep. 在……里 62．lifestyle n. 生活方式 63．belong v. 属于 搭配|belong to 属于 64．swing v. (使)(前后)摆动，(使)摇摆 65．end up (尤指经历一系列意外后)最终处于，到头来 66．honey n. 蜂蜜 67．catch up 打听(不在时所发生的事情)，别后叙谈 68．construction n. 建造，建筑 69．satisfying adj. 令人高兴的，令人满意的 拓展 70．homemade adj. 自制的，家里做的 71．chef n. 厨师 同义|cook 72．convenient adj. 方便的，便利的 拓展|convenience n． 方便；便利 73．identify v. 确定，发现 74．recipe n. 烹饪法，食谱 75．blog v. 写博客 n. 博客，网络日志 76．originally adv. 原先，最初 77．ranking n. 排行，排名 78．official n. 官员，高级职员 79．reconstruct v. 重建，再建 80．salty adj. 含盐的，咸的 81．sour adj. 酸(味)的 82．resist v. 忍住，按捺 83．adapt v. (使)适应，(使)适合 搭配|adapt to 适应 84．pick up 买，购买 85．breast n. (禽类的)胸脯肉 86．onion n. 洋葱(头) 四、范文佳作多背诵，写作增分最实用 (一)单元写作任务范文背诵 写作话题　美食节 昨天你校举行了以“中国美食”为主题的校园活动。请你为校英文报写一篇相关报道。内容包括： 1．举办背景； 2．主要活动； 3．活动反响。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [推荐范文] Featuring a rich variety of natural ingredients and special methods, Chinese cuisine stands out unmatched worldwide. However, many of us know little about it, let alone cooking. So we held a Chinese cuisine festival on campus yesterday. Different sorts of made-to-measure activities were intended for us, such as cooking lectures by famous local chefs, DIY cooking workshops, sale of home-made Chinese cuisine and so on. We learned, cooked, and excitedly tasted and enjoyed the delicious foods. The festival has enriched our school life. Besides, it has cultivated our love for traditional Chinese culture and improved our practical ability. We all think it is definitely worthwhile. (二)单元主题优美语段背诵 语段1　广东茶点 The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfasts, as I found when I visited a restaurant in Guangzhou's old city centre this morning. The emphasis is rather on conversation about business, family or pleasure, and locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu. From beef balls to rice noodle rolls, there are various dishes that have been baked, boiled, steamed or fried. A single visit is not enough to appreciate everything, and I have a long list of dim sum I still need to try. 广东人用早餐并不匆忙，正如今天早晨我在广州老城区中心的一家餐馆所见的那样。重点是谈生意、话家常、说乐子，当地人可以花上几小时一起谈天、饮茶，慢慢吃遍菜单上所有的点心。从牛丸到肠粉，烤、煮、蒸、炸的菜品各式各样。来一次不足以尝个遍，我列出了一份长长的清单，都是以后要品尝的点心。 语段 2　四川火锅 The mouth-watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China, and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. I gave it my first try last night, together with a few local friends. As the soup bubbled slowly over a gas burner in the middle of the table, its surface was covered with a beautiful layer of chillies, Sichuan peppers, spring onions and red oil. Slowly at first, and then faster and faster, we tipped plates of fresh meat, fish and vegetables into the pot. The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. 令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，闻名海内外。那火辣的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。昨晚，我第一次尝试了四川火锅，是与几位当地的朋友一道吃的。桌子正中的煤气炉上，汤缓缓地冒着泡，表面覆盖着一层辣椒、花椒、葱段和红油，甚是好看。我们把一盘盘新鲜的肉、鱼和蔬菜倒进锅里，一开始慢，到后来越来越快。热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有兴致，这顿饭成了与友人放松的最佳方式。 五、主题集群阅读，拓展主题认知 时尚悦读(一)　治愈系食物 Whenever I feel lonely， I have a secret recipe that never fails： rice， milk and sugar， ① cooked low, and slow. No matter how bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits. Sometimes the smell alone can do the trick, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour, which works like a time machine immediately transporting me back to my sunny childhood. With pleasure, I remember the lazy Sunday afternoons I used to spend in the warmth of my grandma's flat, listening to her wonderful stories and greedily eating bowl after bowl of her delicious rice pudding. My experience with rice pudding illustrates the unique power of “comfort food”. Our comfort foods are highly individual. that have shaped our lives. If we grow up eating certain foods in our family, then those foods tend to be linked with positive emotions. For example, we often connect chicken soup with a happy childhood and its flavour becomes tied up with the feeling of being taken care of. again, we unlock memories of a time when we were loved and looked after, and this cheers us up. The feeling of happiness and sense of belonging can become particularly important for people who move away from their home country. culture that people will lose right away, but with food, there are more opportunities to connect to memory, family and place. It is hardest to give up the food that you grow up with. Of course, each person's comfort food largely depends on where they come from — for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar, and for a native of the UK it might be the classic fish and chips, served hot, salty and sour. roots, giving us the “taste of home” that we cry out for and relieving feelings of homesickness. That's certainly true for me. Comfort food tastes good and by building an emotional bond with our happy memories, always makes us feel good.It isn't just a bowl of noodles or chicken soup. It's food for the soul. [难句破解] 句①　whenever引导让步状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a secret recipe。 句②　depending on our own unique experiences为现在分词短语作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 our own unique experiences。 句③　第一个when 引导时间状语从句；第二个when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。 句④　but连接两个there be 句型，第一个there be 句型中含有一个由that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 some aspects of culture。 句⑤　giving us the “taste of home” ... homesickness为现在分词短语作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the “taste of home”。 [助读译文] 每当感到孤独，我都有一个屡试不爽的秘方：大米、牛奶和糖，小火慢炖。不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。有时候仅仅闻一闻味儿就能奏效，更不要说那美妙、滑腻的口感了，它像一台时间机器，立即将我带回欢乐的童年。欣欣然，我回忆起那些慵懒的周日午后，那时我常常是在外婆温暖的公寓里，一边听她讲着那些精彩的故事，一边一碗接一碗贪婪地吃着她做的美味的大米布丁。 我关于大米布丁的经历说明了“治愈系食物”的独特力量。治愈系食物相当个性化。它们由塑造我们人生的独特经历决定，因人而异。如果我们从小在家就吃某些特定的食物，这些食物就很容易与积极的情绪产生关联。比如，我们经常把鸡汤与快乐的童年联系在一起，它的味道与被关爱的感觉相关。当再次喝到鸡汤时，我们解锁记忆，回想起受到疼爱与关怀的时光，这就会让我们的情绪变好。 这种幸福感与归属感对于离开故国的人而言会变得尤其重要。据一些食物专家所言，文化中的某些方面人们很快会失去，但对于食物，则有更多机会与回忆、与家、与处所关联。从小吃到大的食物最难割舍。当然，每个人的治愈系食物(是什么)很大程度上取决于他们来自何方——对一个中国人来说，可能是一盘饺子配上一碟醋；而对一个土生土长的英国人来说，则可能是经典的炸鱼薯条，热腾腾地端上来，咸中带酸。一口治愈系食物带我们回到自己文化的根，带来我们渴望的“家的味道”，让我们一解怀乡之情。 对我而言，的确如此。治愈系食物味道可口，通过与我们快乐的回忆之间建立情感联系，它总是让我们心情不错。它不仅仅是一碗面条或鸡汤，它是心灵的食粮。 时尚悦读(二)　文化与美食 The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you what you are.” Put more simply, this means “You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying to healthy eating. However, Brillat-Savarin was actually referring to our personality, character, and culture. Certainly, in many ways this seems to be true. Chinese cuisine is a case in point. Prior to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes. For example, America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers. This is probably not an authentic Chinese recipe, however, so it cannot tell us much about the Chinese. On the other hand, it does tell us a lot about Americans. It tells us, for example, that Americans love bold, simple flavours. And, since the dish was also invented recently, it tells us that Americans are not afraid to try new foods. Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food by coming to China. When my family and I had just arrived in China, we went looking for a good place to eat in Beijing. A Sichuan restaurant had been recommended to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten. With this, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. The food was wonderful and different, but friendship offered us. Then we moved to South China, and then on to central China. experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong's elegant dim sum — small servings of food in bamboo steamers — to the exceptional stewed noodles in Henan. Everywhere, the food was as varied as the people. However, one thing is always true: Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. At a minimum， the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their ④ region， what, kinds of lives they lead, and what they like and do not like. who like bold flavours are bold themselves? Or, that those who like spicy food tend to have a hot temper? Maybe. Maybe not. and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other. [难句破解] 句①　这是一个so连接的并列复合句。第一分句中，形容词Tired和hungry，以及现在分词短语not knowing a word of Chinese在句中都作状语。第二分句中，省略了关系代词that的定语从句we had ever eaten修饰先行词the best food。 句②　what引导的名词性从句在句中作主语，过去分词短语offered us作后置定语修饰名词the friendship。 句③　句中we went作定语修饰先行词place，省略了关系词that。主句中破折号之间的部分对Guangdong's elegant dim sum进行了补充说明。 句④　句中and连接三个并列的what引导的名词性从句，作动词tell的直接宾语。 句⑤　句中that引导的名词性从句作say的宾语，从句中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词those。 句⑥　本句中第二个and连接两个并列分句。前一个分句中，what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句。后一个分句中if引导条件状语从句。 [助读译文] 法国作家让·安泰尔姆·布里亚-萨瓦兰曾写道：“告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。”简单地说，这句话就是“人如其食”的意思。如今，大多数人把这条谚语与健康饮食联系起来。然而，布里亚-萨瓦兰实际上指的是我们的个性、品格及文化。 当然，从很多方面来看，此话不假。中国菜就是个很好的例子。来中国之前，我只在美国接触过中式烹饪，那里的中国食物已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。例如，在美国最受欢迎的中国菜是“左宗棠鸡”，它在油炸的鸡肉上淋上甜酱，再佐以煸炒过的红辣椒制成。然而，这或许并不是地道的中餐做法，因此并不能让我们对中国人了解多少。不过在另一方面，它确实让我们对美国人了解很多。例如，这道菜说明美国人喜爱浓烈、简单的口味。此外，由于这道菜也是新发明，说明美国人不惧怕尝试新的菜品。 后来，我来到中国，有机会品尝地道的中国食物。我与家人刚刚抵达中国，便在北京找一个好地方吃饭。一位朋友之前向我们推荐过一家川菜馆，最终我们找到了这家餐馆。我们疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘，也不认识一个汉字，不知道该怎么点餐，所以厨师径自在我们的桌子上摆满食物；那是我们吃过的最可口的佳肴。于是，我们高高兴兴地体验了一种全新的口味：四川花椒。食物妙不可言、与众不同，但更为重要的是我们所获得的友谊。 接着，我们前往华南，之后又去了华中。我们每到一处，都会品尝当地美食，有广东的精致点心——那是放在竹蒸笼里蒸出来的小份食品，还有河南独特的烩面。所到之处的美食与当地人一样精彩纷呈。然而，有一件事始终不变：每个地方的中国人都通过食物展现友情与善意。 当地人的食物种类至少能让我们知道该地区种植什么作物、人们过着怎样的生活以及他们的爱憎。例如，我们是否也能这样推断，喜欢重口味的人性格粗犷？抑或喜欢辛辣食物的人往往脾气火暴？也许是的，也许又不是。但是，我们可以确定的是，文化和美食这两者息息相关，如果你没有体验过其中的一个，你就永远无法真正了解另一个。 110 / 110 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $