UNIT 4 SHARING 教材助读（课件PPT）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“SHARING”主题，涵盖词汇积累、语法解析及“志愿者日记”“国际援助”等语篇。通过词汇预习结合语篇阅读导入，以词汇-语法-语篇应用为脉络，搭建从基础到综合运用的学习支架。 其亮点在于以跨文化志愿者经历和国际援助故事为载体，融合语言能力（词汇辨析、语法解析）与文化意识（人类命运共同体），通过例句分析和语篇解读提升思维品质。采用递进式教学，学生能增强语言运用与跨文化理解，教师可直接利用系统资源提升教学效率。

UNIT 4　SHARING 1 教材原文助读7 1 教材原文助读8 2 内 容 索 引 教材原文助读7 PART 01 第一部分 3 ①parcel ['pɑːsl] n．包裹 vt.裹好；打包 ②jam [dʒæm] n．果酱；堵塞 traffic jams交通堵塞 ③be dying to do... 渴望做…… ④mail [meIl] n．邮件；信件；邮政vt.邮寄；发电邮给 mailbox n．电子邮箱 airmail n．航空邮递 返回导航 ⑤secondary ['sekəndri] adj.中学的；次要的 secondary education中等教育 be secondary to...与……相比是次要的 ⑥clay [kleI] n．黏土；陶土 ⑦a dusty track尘土飞扬的小路 dusty ['dʌsti] adj.布满灰尘的 dust [dʌst] n．沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰 ⑧weed [wiːd] n．杂草；野草 vt.& vi. 除杂草 返回导航 ⑨a chorus of齐声；异口同声 chorus ['kɔːrəs] n．合唱曲；合唱团vt.合唱；齐声说 ⑩cotton uniform棉质校服 cotton ['kɒtn] n．棉布；棉花 uniform ['juːnIfɔːm] n．校服；制服 adj.一致的；统一的 ⑪up to多达；高达 ⑫not to mention更不用说；且不说 ⑬tablet ['tæblət] n．平板电脑；便笺本；药片 ⑭rubber ['rʌbə(r)] n．橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶 返回导航 ⑮adapt to适应 ⑯have no concept of...没有……的概念 concept n．观念；概念 ⑰washroom ['wɒʃruːm] n．洗手间；厕所 [同义词]toilet；restroom ⑱basin ['beIsn] n．盆 ⑲rigid ['rIdʒId] adj.死板的；固执的 [同义词] stubborn ['stʌbən]adj.固执的 [反义词] flexible ['fleksəbl]adj.灵活的 返回导航 ⑳the other day几天前；不久前某一天(谓语动词用一般过去时) ㉑bubble ['bʌbl] vi.起泡；沸腾 ㉒test tube试管 tube [tjuːb] n．管子；管状物 ㉓spill [spIl] vt.& vi.溢出；泼出；(使)洒出；散落 ㉔circus ['sɜːkəs] n．马戏团 ㉕come across偶然遇到；碰见 ㉖relevant ['reləvənt] adj.有意义的，有价值的；相关的；切题的　 be relevant to...(＝be related to...)与……有关 返回导航 ㉗chemist ['kemIst] n．化学家； 药剂师；药房 chemistry n．化学 ㉘to be honest (＝honestly speaking)说实话 ㉙make a difference to...对……产生影响；对……起作用 ㉚make one's visit to...拜访…… ㉛fantastic views迷人的景色 返回导航 ㉜shade [ʃeId] vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分 [辨析] shade指阴凉处，强调避热作用；shadow强调光照下形成的影子。 ㉝jaw [dʒɔː] n．颌；下巴 ㉞wrinkled forehead布满皱纹的前额 wrinkle ['rIηkl] vt.& vi. (使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n.皱纹 forehead ['fɔːhed；'fɒrId] n．额；前额 返回导航 ㉟hut [hʌt] n．简陋的小房子(或棚、舍) ㊱stick out of...从……中伸出，探出，突出 ㊲housing ['haʊzIη] n．住房；住宅 ㊳adjust vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯 adjustment n．调整，调节 ㊴platform ['plætfɔːm] n．平台；站台；舞台 ㊵fireplace ['faIəpleIs] n．壁炉 ㊶possession n．[usually pl.]所有物；财产；财物 possess vt.拥有 返回导航 ㊷broom [bruːm] n．扫把；扫帚 ㊸saucer ['sɔːsə(r)] n．茶碟；杯托 ㊹kettle ['ketl] n．(烧水用的)壶；水壶 ㊺pan [pæn] n．平底锅；烤盘 ㊻jar [dʒɑː(r)] n．罐子；坛子 ㊼build a fire(＝make a fire)生火 ㊽ripe [raIp] adj.成熟的；时机成熟的 ㊾greens n．绿叶蔬菜 ㊿upside down颠倒地 返回导航 grill [ɡrIl] n．烤架；烤肉餐馆 doorway ['dɔːweI] n.门口；出入口；门道 dry out (使)干透；(使)完全变干 leftover ['leftəʊvə(r)] adj.吃剩的；残留的 n．吃剩的食物；遗留物 dry up使干涸；使干燥 handshake ['hændʃeɪk] n．握手 drag [dræɡ] vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动 drag oneself down/to/out of...费力地走下/走到/走出…… privilege ['prIvəlIdʒ] n.优惠待遇；特权；荣幸 返回导航 VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH 8 March I just got a parcel① from home! It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam② from home; [1]I've been dying to have③ some of my favourite sweets, and it's always nice to get mail④！ [1]本句为and连接的并列句。第二个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式短语to get mail。 返回导航 So I've been here in the jungle for about a month now. My secondary⑤school is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay⑥ floors and roofs of grass. [2]It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track⑦ covered in weeds⑧. When I reach the school grounds, I'm greeted by a chorus of⑨ “good morning” from the boys. Unlike students in our country, these boys do not wear cotton uniforms⑩， and many of them also have to walk a long way, sometimes for up to⑪ two hours, just to get to school. [2]本句为“It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.”句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”；covered in weeds为过去分词短语作后置定语。 返回导航 There's no electricity, running water or even textbooks, not to mention⑫ laptops, tablets⑬， or other modern devices! All the students have are pencils, rubbers⑭， and paper. I'm still trying to adapt to⑮ these conditions. I've had to become much more imaginative in my teaching. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of⑯ doing experiments. [3]There is no equipment, and since there isn't even a washroom⑰， if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin⑱！ It's important not to be too rigid⑲ about rules here, too. [3]本句中since引导原因状语从句；if引导条件状语从句。 返回导航 [4]The other day⑳ I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling㉑ out of the test tube㉒ spilling㉓ everywhere! [5]The class became a circus㉔as the boys, who had never come across㉕ anything like this before, started jumping out of the windows. Sometimes I wonder how relevant㉖ chemistry have the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有做某事的特权,is to these students—few will ever become chemists㉗—and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. To be honest㉘， I doubt whether I'm making any difference to㉙these boys' lives at all. [4]本句为“be doing...when...”句型，意为“正在做……这时……”；before 引导时间状语从句；spilling everywhere为现在分词短语作状语。 [5]本句中as引导原因状语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词boys。 返回导航 17 April Last weekend I made my first visit to㉚a remote village, home to one of our students, Tombe. Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain [6]from where we had fantastic views㉛， and then down a shaded㉜ path to the valley below. [7]When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”. We shook hands with all the villagers. Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe. [6]此处为from where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a mountain。 [7]本句中“When we arrived at the village”为when引导的时间状语从句；“Tombe's mother... ‘ieee ieee’”为主句，其中包含“see sb. doing sth.”意为“看见某人正在做某事”。 返回导航 Tombe's father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw㉝ and a wrinkled forehead㉞， led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut㉟ with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of㊱ the roof—this shows it is a man's house. Such housing㊲ is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust㊳. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform㊴ for Jenny and me to sleep on. There was a fireplace㊵ in the centre of the hut. The only possessions㊶ [8]I could see were one broom㊷， a few saucers㊸， a kettle㊹， cups, pans㊺， and a couple of jars㊻． [8]此处为省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词possessions。 返回导航 Mukap built a fire㊼ outside and laid stones on it to heat. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato), ripe㊽ corn, and greens㊾. He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. It smelled delicious. We ate inside the hut [9]sitting round the fire. I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language, even though I could not participate much in the conversation. Luckily, Tombe interpreted for us. [9]此处为现在分词短语作方式状语。 返回导航 Later, I noticed a can standing upside down㊿ on the grill over the fire. After a while, Tombe threw it out of the doorway． Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. [10]His family believes that leftovers attract bad spirits in the night, so any leftover food is dried up in a can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. [10]本句中that引导宾语从句；so引导结果状语从句，其中and连接两个并列句。 返回导航 We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. [11]My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home. That evening I fell happily into bed. [12]It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family. [11]此处“My muscles were aching”和“my knees shaking”为and连接的两个构成相同的并列分句，第二个分句中的shaking前省略了系动词were。 [12]本句为“It is/was a privilege to do sth.”句型，意为“有幸做某事”；to have spent是动词不定式的完成式，表示该动作先于谓语动词表示的动作发生或完成。 返回导航 在丛林做志愿者 3月8日 我刚收到一个从家里寄来的包裹！大约花了两周的时间包裹才到达，虽然有点破损，但是真高兴能收到家里寄来的一些糖果和果酱；我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已！ 到现在我已经在丛林里待了大约一个月了。我所在的中学是一所丛林学校。教室是用竹子建造的，黏土铺的地面，茅草搭的屋顶。沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。当我走进校园时，男孩们齐声对我喊“早上好”。与我们国家的学生不同，这些男孩不穿棉质校服，他们中的很多人需要长途跋涉——有时长达两个小时——才能到学校。 返回导航 这里没有电，没有自来水，甚至也没有教科书，更不用说笔记本电脑、平板电脑或其他现代化设备了！学生们只有铅笔、橡皮和纸。我还在努力适应这些条件。在我的教学中，我不得不变得更有想象力。科学课对我来说是最具挑战性的科目，因为我的学生们没有做实验这一概念。这里没有任何设备，甚至连洗手间都没有。如果我需要水的话，我得用盆子从我的房间里端过来！在这里，很重要的一点是也不能太墨守成规。几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，这时，在我反应过来之前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！班上乱成了一个马戏团，因为男孩们以前从没遇到过像这样的事情，他们开始跳窗跑走。有时，我会想化学对这些学生来说到底有多大的意义——几乎没有人会成为化学家——而且大多数人反正都要在八年级后回到自己的村庄。说实话，我怀疑我是否能给这些男孩们的生活带来任何影响。 返回导航 4月17日 上周末，我第一次拜访了一个偏远的村庄，我们的学生汤贝的家在那里。我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里。首先，我们爬上了一座山，从那里我们看到了迷人的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到了下面的山谷。我们到达村庄时，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看见我们到了，就“唉咿唉咿”地喊了起来。我们和所有的村民握手，每个人似乎都是汤贝的亲戚。 返回导航 汤贝的父亲穆卡普是一位下巴结实、额头满是皱纹的男人，他带领我们来到他的房子：一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，门的宽度仅够单人穿过，屋顶伸出一簇茅草——这表明这是一个男人的房子。这样的房屋里面很暗，所以过了一会儿我们的眼睛才适应过来。地上铺着新草，还有一个让我和珍妮睡觉的平台。屋子中央有个火炉。我能看到的物品只有一把扫帚、几个碟子、一个水壶、杯子、平底锅和几个罐子。 返回导航 穆卡普在屋外生了火，然后把石头放在火上加热。接着，他把热石头放入一个有栲栲(甘薯)、熟玉米和青菜的空油桶里。然后他用香蕉叶盖住蔬菜，把它们蒸上。食物闻起来很香。我们在屋内围着火炉吃饭。我喜欢听这家人用他们的语言轻声地交谈，虽然我参与不了多少他们的谈话，但是幸好有汤贝为我们解说。 返回导航 后来，我注意到炉火上方的烤架上倒放着一个罐子。过了一会儿，汤贝把它扔到了门外。他告诉我把罐子烤热是为了使剩饭完全变干。他的家人认为，剩饭会在晚上引来恶鬼，所以要把所有的剩饭放在罐子里烘干，然后把罐子扔到屋外去。 第二天早上，经过多次道别和有力的握手之后，我们离开了村庄。当我们费力地走下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。那天晚上我带着愉快的心情入睡了。与汤贝一家共度了一日，真是一种荣幸。 返回导航 教材原文助读2 PART 02 第二部分 29 ①lately ['leItli] adv.最近；不久前；近来(＝recently) ②far -off adj.遥远的(仅用在名词前) ③mechanic [mə'kænIk] n．机械师；机械修理工；技工 ④be worth it ……是值得的 be worth doing...值得做…… ⑤in need of需要…… ⑥consultant [kən'sʌltənt] n．顾问；会诊医师 consult [kən'sʌlt] vt. & vi.咨询，请教；商量；查阅 返回导航 ⑦leisure ['leʒə(r)]n．闲暇；空闲 ⑧except for...除了…… ⑨input ['Inpʊt] n．情况；信息；投入；输入；个人所持观点、意见 vt.输入 ⑩tune [tjuːn；NAmEtuːn] n．曲调；曲子vt.调音；调节；调频道 sing a different tune对某事转变论调或者改变看法 ⑪contract [kən'trækt]vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) ['kɒntrækt] n．合同；契约 返回导航 ⑫take (...) for granted认为(……)是理所当然；对(……)不予重视 grant [ɡrɑːnt；NAmE ɡrænt] vt.同意；准许 n．拨款 ⑬transport systems交通系统 ⑭cardiac ['kɑːdiæk] adj.心脏病的；心脏的 ⑮prior to...在……之前；先于…… ⑯heart condition心脏病 ⑰surgery ['sɜːdʒəri] n.外科手术 返回导航 ⑱go without得不到；没有 ⑲make a (big/great) difference to对……起重大作用，有重大影响(尤指好的作用或影响) ⑳circuit ['sɜːkIt] n．巡回；环形线路；电路 ㉑disability [ˌdɪsə'bɪləti] n．缺陷；障碍 disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的 ㉒consultation [ˌkɒnsl'teIʃn] n．咨询；咨询会 ㉓relay to转达给……；转发给…… relay ['riːleI；rI'leI] vt.转发；转播 n．接力赛；接班的人 返回导航 ㉔be supportive of支持 ㉕criterion [kraI'tIəriən]n．(pl.criteria/ -riə/)标准；准则；原则 meet/satisfy criteria达到标准 ㉖stability [stə'bIləti] n．稳定(性)；稳固(性) stable adj.稳定的；安定的 ㉗a community with a shared future for mankind人类命运共同体 ㉘now that既然；由于 ㉙land n．[熟词生义](涉及感情或想象)国家；地区 ㉚pray that但愿 pray [preI] vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷 返回导航 Hello! My name is Zhan Bingbing. Lately①， all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far -off② places in the world, helping other countries to develop. We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, and an airport in Sri Lanka. And we see Chinese miners, oil workers, agricultural experts, mechanics③， and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world. And some people may ask, “Is it worth it④？ [1]Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of⑤development？” [1]本句中when引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词many areas。 返回导航 I had the same questions myself. But for me, it was much more personal. You see, my mother is a medical doctor, and for the last two years, she [2]has been working as a volunteer consultant⑥ in Tanzania, Africa, as a part of a medical team sent by the Chinese government. [2]此处has been working为现在完成进行时， 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。 返回导航 To be honest, when my mother first left for Africa, I was upset. My mother cooked me dinner every night, and she took good care of me. But more importantly, she was my best friend. We talked together, we spent our leisure⑦ time together, and except for⑧ school and work, we were never apart. So I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input⑨． 返回导航 But then I began to hear about the work [3]she was doing in Tanzania, a country that has many health problems, and now I am singing a different tune⑩. Many dangerous diseases [4]which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted⑪ in Tanzania. [3]此处“she was doing in Tanzania”为省略关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the work；“a country...problems”作Tanzania的同位语；“that has many health problems”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a country。 [4]此处为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词Many dangerous diseases。 返回导航 And, [5]while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth, many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted⑫， such as electricity, running water, cars and good transport systems⑬， and supermarkets. [5]此处“while the country...natural wealth”为while引导的让步状语从句，while在此意为“虽然、尽管”；主句中的“we take for granted”为省略关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词things。 返回导航 [6]One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac⑭ hospital. Prior to⑮ this, if a Tanzanian had a heart condition⑯ and needed surgery⑰， they would have to go abroad. Since this was quite expensive, many people went without⑱ medical treatment and some even died. [6]本句中的主语为One project；that引导定语从句；helping to build a cardiac hospital作表语。 返回导航 [7]Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well. It has made a big difference to⑲ their lives. My mother also does a circuit⑳ of the rural villages to provide medical treatment, help those with disabilities㉑，and provide consultation㉒ and training for local doctors. In addition, her team has given patients a new malaria treatment invented in China, and this has saved many lives. [7]本句中包含“not only...but...as well”结构；not only置于句首时，其所在的分句通常要用部分倒装。 返回导航 [8]Today, I want to relay to㉓ you that I'm proud of the work my mother has done, and I am now supportive of㉔ it. Is her work worth it? Yes, to the lives of the people she is helping, it is worth it. [9]But by any criteria㉕ this work is worth it to us as well, because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability㉖， and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind㉗. Everyone deserves a fair chance in life. [8]本句中and连接两个并列分句；“that I'm proud...has done” 为that引导的宾语从句，“my mother has done”为省略关系词的定语从句，修饰先行词the work。 [9]本句中because引导原因状语从句；两个that均引导宾语从句，第二个that不能省略。 返回导航 [10]When I think of all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of, helping others comes at the top of this list. [11]Now that㉘ I understand how important my mother's work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands㉙. In the future, I pray that㉚ you will do the same. Thank you! [10]本句中When引导时间状语从句，其中“that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all the things；helping others为动名词短语作主语。 [11]此处为now that引导的原因状语从句，其中包含how引导的宾语从句。 返回导航 大家好！我的名字叫詹冰冰。 最近，大家都在电视上看到了中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。我们看到中国工人在刚果修建公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修建铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。我们看到中国的矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生几乎在世界的每个角落忙碌着。有些人可能会问：“这值得吗？在中国许多地区仍然需要发展的时候，为什么要帮助外国人民呢？” 返回导航 我自己也有同样的疑问。然而，对我来说，它更多与我个人有关。要知道，我妈妈是一名医生。在过去的两年里，她作为中国政府派遣的医疗队的一员，一直在非洲坦桑尼亚当一名志愿顾问。 说实话，当我妈妈第一次去非洲的时候，我很难过。我妈妈每天晚上都给我做饭，无微不至地照顾我。但更重要的是，她是我最好的朋友。我们一起聊天，一起度过闲暇时光，除了上学和上班，我们从未分开过。所以我对她甚至没征求过我的意见就(决定)离开这件事感到很不开心。 返回导航 但是后来，我开始听说了她在坦桑尼亚，这个有很多健康问题的国家所做的工作，现在我转变了态度。许多在中国很罕见的危险疾病在坦桑尼亚仍有众多患者感染。此外，尽管这个国家风景秀丽、物产丰饶，许多人仍然十分贫穷；很多我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。我妈妈参与的一个项目是帮助他们建造一所心脏专科医院。在这之前，一个坦桑尼亚人如果患有心脏疾病，需要手术的话，他就不得不出国。但由于出国费用高昂，许多人会得不到治疗，一些人甚至会死亡。现在，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了医院的帮助，而且周边国家的人们也得到了帮助。这极大地改善了他们的生活。我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残障人士，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。此外，她的团队还为患者提供了中国研发的新型疟疾疗法，从而挽救了许多生命。 返回导航 今天，我想向你们传递的信息是，我为我妈妈所做的工作感到自豪，现在我对此表示支持。她的工作值得吗？是的，对得到她帮助的人的生命来说，这是值得的。然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这项工作对我们来说也是值得的，因为它表明我们是关心世界稳定的全球公民，我们会对他人负责，并准备好要建设人类命运共同体。每个人在生命中都应享有公平的机会。当我在思考作为中国公民最能引以为傲的所有事情时，帮助他人位居榜首。既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我决定自己也要成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。但愿未来你们也会这样做。 谢谢！ 返回导航 $