UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION 教材助读（课件PPT）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“海洋探索”主题，涵盖古代海上丝绸之路、郑和下西洋及21世纪海上丝绸之路等核心内容，通过词汇积累（如“set sail”“negotiate”）、语法注释（不定式作主语、分词作定语）和中英文对照翻译搭建学习支架，帮助学生从历史到现实理解海洋探索的意义。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、文化意识与思维品质培养，如词汇表标注“gesture”等熟词生义强化语言运用，文本对比（海洋开发利弊）引导批判性思考，古代与现代海上交流案例增强文化认同。学生能提升语言技能与跨文化视野，教师可依托结构化资源开展高效教学。

UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION 1 教材原文助读5 1 教材原文助读6 2 内 容 索 引 教材原文助读5 PART 01 第一部分 3 ①form the foundation of...形成……的基础 ②passion n．强烈情感；激情；酷爱；热衷的爱好(或活动等) a passion for...对……酷爱 ③tale [teIl] n．故事；叙述 ④merchant ['mɜːtʃənt] n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的 ⑤set sail起航；开航 ⑥find one's way找到路；设法到达 返回导航 ⑦become known as...作为……而出名 become known for...因为……而出名 ⑧extend [Ik'stend] vt.扩展；使伸长；延长 extension n．扩展；延长 ⑨centre around把……当作中心；集中于；围绕 ⑩negotiate [nI'ɡəʊʃieIt] vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商 negotiation n．谈判；达成协议 ⑪awareness [ə'weənəs] n．认识 raise/heighten/increase public awareness of sth. 强化公众对某事物的意识 返回导航 ⑫fleet [fliːt] n．舰队；机群；车队 ⑬behold [bI'həʊld] vt. (beheld, beheld)看；看见 a sight to behold壮观的景象 ⑭in a league of one's own独领风骚 league [liːɡ] n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛 of one's own属于某人自己的 on one's own独立地 返回导航 ⑮under the command of sb./under sb.'s command在某人的指挥下 command n．控制；管辖；指挥 vt.命令；指挥 command that sb.(should) do sth.命令某人做某事 ⑯royal ['rɔIəl] adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的 the royal family/household王室 ⑰gesture ['dʒestʃə(r)] n．[熟词生义](表明感情或意图的)姿态；表示 as a gesture of...表示…… ⑱in return for...作为对……的回报 in return作为回报 ⑲spice [spaIs] n．(调味)香料 返回导航 ⑳withdraw from退出；撤回 withdraw [wIð'drɔː] vi.& vt.(withdrew, withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离 ㉑channel ['tʃænl] n．航道；海峡；频道；渠道 ㉒revisit vt.重提；再次讨论 ㉓maritime ['mærItaIm] adj.海的；海运的；海事的 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road21世纪海上丝绸之路 ㉔bond [bɒnd] n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 strengthen the bonds between．..and...加强……与……之间的联系 返回导航 ㉕for the benefit of...为了……的利益 ㉖trade and cultural exchange贸易和文化交流 exchange n．交流；互访 ㉗from...point of view就……而言；从……角度 ㉘urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的 ㉙in hand在手头；可供使用 ㉚enhance [In'hɑːns] vt.提高；增强；增进 ㉛drive sb. to do sth.驱使某人做某事 返回导航 REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of① mankind's greatest achievements. [1]To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion② for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo's tales③ inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However, merchants④ and explorers from the East set sail⑤ from east to west many years before Columbus first did. [1]此处为动词不定式作主语。 返回导航 In ancient times, silk from China found its way⑥ overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along [2] what became known as⑦ the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended⑧ along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, [3]centred around⑨ Ceylon(now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate⑩ trade deals，which also led to more awareness⑪ of each other's cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. [2]此处为what引导的宾语从句，相当于the road which became known as the Silk Road。 [3]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，centre与其逻辑主语A trading route之间为被动关系。 返回导航 Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets⑫ sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold⑬ and were in a league of their own⑭ at that time. Under the command of⑮ Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal⑯ families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures⑰ of friendship in return for⑱ gold, silk, and spices⑲. Although China withdrew from⑳ further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels㉑ between other cultures for centuries. 返回导航 To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited㉒ with the 21st Century Maritime㉓ Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds㉔ between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come. China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes, which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of㉕ future trade and cultural exchange㉖． 返回导航 China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects.Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a scientific point of view㉗， there is an urgent㉘ need [4]to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. [4]此处为动词不定式短语作后置定语。 返回导航 Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand㉙， the need to trade and the desire to enhance㉚ relationships will drive China to㉛ reach out across the sea far into the future. 返回导航 跨海越洋 贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。在早期文明中，人们对绘制伟大的世界地图充满激情。马可·波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始了自东向西的航行。 返回导航 在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是后来闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”。以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人汇聚在一起，洽谈贸易协议，这也增进了对彼此文化的了解。正如8世纪杜环所著的《经行记》中所记载的那样，几个世纪以来，进一步的贸易使中国西部地区得到了更多的探索。 返回导航 后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七支大型船队向西航行进行贸易和探索。当时，这些船队极为壮观，独领风骚。在郑和的指挥下，船队从中国南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵红海口，然后前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室用长颈鹿等礼物作为友谊的象征，以换取黄金、丝绸和香料。尽管中国在1433年以后停止了进一步的海上探索，但这些陆上和海上路线在接下来的几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间进行交流的活跃通道。 返回导航 今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分，“21世纪海上丝绸之路”让郑和曾经走过的古代海上航线再度受到关注。这项倡议旨在鼓励历史悠久的丝绸之路所经地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将持续增长。中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元，这将有助于整个地区的极大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。 返回导航 中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国与其他国家一起开展了几次北极考察活动。从科学的角度来看，(我们)迫切需要对北极进行研究，以了解气候变化及其影响。 数百年过去了，随着对最新技术的掌握，贸易的需要和增进关系的愿望将推动中国跨海越洋走向遥远的未来。 返回导航 教材原文助读6 PART 02 第二部分 21 ①exploit [Ik'splɔIt] vt.开发；利用；剥削 exploitation n．开发 ②spill (spilt/spilled， spilt/spilled) vt.& vi.洒出；溢出 ③gallon ['ɡælən] n．加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升) ④fossil fuel化石燃料 ⑤negative cycle恶性循环 positive cycle良性循环 返回导航 ⑥murder ['mɜːdə(r)] vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀 murderer ['mɜːdərə(r)]n．凶手；杀人犯 ⑦mercy ['mɜːsi] n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 without mercy毫无同情地；残忍地 at the mercy of...任由……摆布 ⑧be home to...是……的家园 ⑨possession [pə'zeʃn] n．(usually pl.)个人财产；拥有；控制 possess v．拥有 in possession of拥有 in the possession of...被……拥有 返回导航 ⑩opponent [ə'pəʊnənt] n.反对者；对手；竞争者 ⑪concerned [kən'sɜːnd] adj.担心的；忧虑的 be concerned for... 担心……；忧虑…… be concerned with...关注…… ⑫address vt.[熟词生义] 设法解决；处理；对付 ⑬take action采取行动 ⑭log [lɒɡ；NAmE lɔːɡ] vt.把……载入正式记录；记录　n．正式记录；日志；原木 log in/on注册；登录 log out注销；退出 返回导航 ⑮access vt.到达；进入 accessible adj.可进入的 ⑯vast amounts of大量的 ⑰option n．选择 optional adj.可选择的 返回导航 Text 1 When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting① it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more. More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled② over 200 million gallons③ of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also bad, [1]killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water. [1]此处为现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。 返回导航 Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic. Because of climate change, there is less ice now, [2]which means we can look for more fossil fuels④ further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative cycle⑤ will continue. Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong. [2]此处为which引导非限制性定语从句，指代上文的整个句子。 返回导航 Overfishing is another problem. Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so -called research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering⑥” these intelligent creatures without mercy⑦． The sea is home to⑧ life, not human beings' possessions⑨. It is huge, but it is more sensitive than we think. If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us. 返回导航 Text 2 [3]To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents⑩ may be concerned⑪， but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address⑫ important issues such as climate change. [4]We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action⑬. Therefore, more research is necessary. [3]本句中动词不定式To truly understand our planet作目的状语；which引导定语从句，修饰先行词the oceans。 [4]本句中what引导宾语从句；so that引导目的状语从句。 返回导航 [5]Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging⑭ new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may help us discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing⑮ the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes. [5]Understanding more about the sea和Logging new species均是动词 -ing形式作主语。 返回导航 The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of⑯ resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals. Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options⑰ for managing this balance. 返回导航 文本一 当人们在谈论进一步探索海洋的时候，他们通常指的是海洋开发。海洋探索已经造成了许多问题，并且还将继续引发更多的问题。 进一步探索意味着污染加剧。2010年，“深水地平线”号钻井平台在海中溢出了两亿多加仑的石油。塑料污染也十分严重，导致许多鸟类和鱼类死亡，甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。 返回导航 资源开采极具破坏性，尤其是在北极地区。由于气候变化，现在冰川减少了，这意味着我们可以在更北的地方寻找更多的化石燃料。但是，如果我们烧尽这些燃料，冰川将融化得更多，这一恶性循环将持续下去。气候变化正警告我们情况不妙。 过度捕捞是另一个问题。人类捕杀鲸鱼和海豚以获取它们的肉或对它们进行所谓的研究。尽管这早在1982年就被禁止了，但一些国家仍在残忍地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。 海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私有财产。它广阔无垠，但比我们想象的更为敏感。如果我们不保护它，子孙后代将不会原谅我们。 返回导航 文本二 为了真正了解我们的星球，我们必须探索覆盖其表面大部分的海洋。反对者也许会担心，但是海洋探索对我们的未来十分重要。例如，科学考察船可以帮助应对像气候变化这种重要的问题。我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么，这样我们才能采取行动。因此，有必要进行更多的研究。 返回导航 深入了解海洋也将帮助我们更好地管理其资源。记载新物种将增进我们对地球上生命的了解。这可能还会帮助我们发现新的药物，以及新的食物和能源来源。深海探索还有可能会帮助我们预测地震等事件。 世界人口正在不断增长，我们需要新的资源来维系未来的发展。海洋和冰川之下可能蕴藏着大量的资源，不仅有石油和天然气，还有珍贵的矿产。 当然，环境风险仍然存在。然而，这些风险应该与经济需求相平衡。希望随着技术的进步，我们可以有更多的选择来实现这种平衡。 返回导航 $