UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 教材助读（课件PPT）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

该高中英语课件围绕“科幻小说”主题，涵盖《包你满意》《时间机器》两篇改编文本，通过系统的词汇积累（如satisfaction词族、guarantee等核心词）和语法注释（如让步状语从句、虚拟语气）搭建学习支架，帮助学生衔接词汇、语法与文本理解。 其亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如词汇部分呈现词形变化及搭配（如satisfy-satisfied-satisfying），语法注释解析复杂句式（如“be being + 形容词”表暂时特征），助力学生分析文本逻辑。采用文本与翻译对照的教学方法，既提升学生语言运用能力，也为教师提供结构化教学资源，提高课堂效率。

UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION 1 教材原文助读1 1 教材原文助读2 2 内 容 索 引 教材原文助读1 PART 01 第一部分 3 ①satisfaction [ˌsætIs'fækʃn] n．满意；满足；令人满意的事 satisfy vt.使满意；满足 satisfactory/satisfying adj.令人满意的 satisfied adj.满意的 ②guarantee [ˌɡærən'tiː] vt.& n.保证；担保 ③adapt [ə'dæpt] vt.改编，改写 adapt A for B　把A改编成B be adapted from...由……改编 返回导航 ④experiment with...对……进行试验；试用…… ⑤test out检验；测试 ⑥on a business trip出差 ⑦persuade [pə'sweId] vt.劝说；使相信；使信服 persuade sb. that...劝说某人相信…… ⑧bonus ['bəʊnəs] n．意外收获；奖金；红利 ⑨alarmed adj.担忧的；恐慌的 alarm vt.使惊恐；使担心 alarming adj.令人担忧的；令人恐慌的 返回导航 ⑩more like更像是；更接近 more like A than B更像A而不像B ⑪facial expression面部表情 ⑫embarrassed [Im'bærəst] adj.尴尬的，窘迫的 embarrass vt.使尴尬；使窘迫 embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的 embarrassment n．窘迫；难堪 ⑬disturbing [dI'stɜːbIŋ] adj.令人不安的；引起烦恼的 disturb vt.打扰；使不安；弄乱 disturbed adj.心神不宁的；烦恼的 disturbance n．干扰；心神不宁 返回导航 ⑭ridiculous [rI'dIkjələs] adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 [同义词] absurd [əb'sɜːd] adj.荒谬的；荒唐的 ⑮sympathy ['sImpəθI] n. 同情 feel sympathy for...对……感到同情 out of sympathy for...出于对……的同情 sympathetic [ˌsImpə'θetIk] adj.同情的 ⑯wisdom ['wIzdəm] n．智慧；明智 ⑰integrity [In'teɡrəti] n.诚实正直；完整；完好 ⑱dignity ['dIɡnəti] n．庄重；庄严；尊严 with dignity有尊严地 返回导航 ⑲elegant ['elIɡənt] adj.漂亮雅致的；优美的；高雅的 ⑳social position社会地位 ㉑salary ['sæləri] n．薪水；薪金 big salary高薪 ㉒favour ['feIvə] n.帮助；恩惠 ㉓or rather更准确地说，更确切地说 ㉔scan [skæn] vt.浏览；翻阅 ㉕with wonder惊奇地 ㉖makeup ['meIkʌp] n．化妆品；妆容 make up化妆；构成；编造；弥补 返回导航 ㉗accompany [ə'kʌmpəni]vt.陪伴 ㉘one's work on．..某人在……方面的工作(on为介词) ㉙appointment [ə'pɔIntmənt] n．预约；约会；委任 ㉚nail [neIl] n．指甲；趾甲； 钉子vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定paint one's nails美甲 ㉛saleswoman ['seIlzwʊmən] n．女售货员；女推销员 salesman ['seIlzmən] n.售货员；推销员 ㉜turn around转身 ㉝awful ['ɔːfl] adj.糟糕的；很坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的 返回导航 ㉞in a relationship在恋爱中；交往 ㉟after all毕竟；终究 ㊱innocent ['Inəsnt] adj.清白的；无辜的；无罪的 innocence n．清白；无辜；无罪 ㊲guilty ['ɡIlti] adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 guilt [ɡIlt] n．内疚；犯罪；过失 ㊳weep [wiːp] vt.& vi.哭泣；流泪 ㊴sensitive ['sensətIv] adj.敏感的 be sensitive to...对……敏感 ㊵transform [træns'fɔːm] vt.使改变外观(或性质)；使改变形态 返回导航 ㊶steadily ['stedIlI] adv.稳定地；持续地 steady ['stedi]adj.稳定的；持续的 ㊷suspend [sə'spend] vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 suspend sth. from...把某物悬挂在…… ㊸ceiling ['siːlIŋ] n．天花板；顶棚 ㊹ladder ['lædə(r)] n．梯子；阶梯 ㊺scream [skriːm] vi.& n.尖叫 ㊻strike [straIk] vt.& vi. [熟词生义] 敲；鸣；报时 返回导航 ㊼dismiss [dIs'mIs] vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 ㊽take sb. in one's arms 把某人抱在怀中 ㊾declare [dI'kleə(r)] vt. 表明；宣称；公布 ㊿desire [dI'zaIə(r)] n．& vt.渴望 返回导航 SATISFACTION① GUARANTEED② (Adapted③) Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots. Recently it had begun experimenting with④ a household robot. It was going to be tested out⑤ by Larry's wife, Claire. 返回导航 Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away on a business trip⑥ for three weeks, but Larry persuaded⑦ her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed. It would be a bonus⑧. However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed⑨. His name was Tony. He seemed more like⑩ a human than a machine. He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice, [1]although his facial expression⑪ never changed． [1]此处为although引导的让步状语从句。although引导的从句可置于主句前，也可置于主句后。 返回导航 On the second morning, Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed [2]help dressing. She felt embarrassed⑫ and quickly told him to go. Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing⑬． [2]此处为“help (in) doing sth.”结构。 返回导航 One day, Claire mentioned that she didn't think she was clever. Tony said that she must feel very unhappy [3]to say that. Claire thought it was ridiculous⑭ that she was being offered sympathy⑮ by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom⑯ and integrity⑰ and began to trust him. He always treated her with dignity⑱. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn't elegant⑲ enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position⑳ with a bigger salary㉑. She wasn't like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around. [3]此处为动词不定式短语作原因状语。 返回导航 As a favour㉒， Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather㉓， scan㉔. She looked at his fingers with wonder㉕ as they turned each page. How absurd, she thought. He was just a machine. 返回导航 Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle and improved her makeup㉖. [4]As he was not allowed to accompany㉗ her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on㉘ the house. Claire went downtown and bought these things. She had an appointment㉙ to paint her nails㉚， then she went into an expensive clothes shop. The saleswoman㉛ there was rude to her, so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. He spoke to the woman, who immediately changed her attitude. [4]此处为as引导的原因状语从句，as在此意为“因为、由于”。 返回导航 Claire thanked Tony, [5]telling him that he was a “dear”. As she turned around㉜， there stood Gladys Claffern. [6]How awful㉝ to be discovered by her, Claire thought. By the look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought they were in a relationship㉞. After all㉟， she knew Claire's husband's name was Larry, not Tony. Although it was completely innocent㊱， Claire felt guilty㊲． [5]此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 [6]此处为how引导的感叹句的省略形式，其完整形式为“How awful it was to be discovered by her”。 返回导航 When Claire got home, she wept㊳. Gladys was everything Claire wished to be. Tony told her [7]she was being sensitive㊴ and was just as good as Gladys. [7]此处为省略that的宾语从句；其中was being sensitive为“be＋being＋形容词”结构，该结构常用来表达被陈述对象行为反常(暂时的特点或表现)以及说话人的惊讶、不满、责备等情绪；“just as good as...”意为“和……一样好”。 返回导航 [8]He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return. By that time, Tony expected that the house, which was being completely transformed㊵， would be ready. [8]本句中主句的谓语动词suggested意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即宾语从句的谓语要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略；was to leave和was to return均表示对过去将来时间的安排，为“be to do”结构。 返回导航 Tony worked steadily㊶ on the improvements. Claire tried to help by working on a light [9]suspended㊷ from the ceiling㊸， but she fell off the ladder㊹. [10]Even though Tony had been in the next room, he managed to catch her in time. As he held her, she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed㊺， pushed him away, and ran to her room. [9]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a light, light与suspend之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。 [10]此处为even though引导的让步状语从句。 返回导航 The night of the party arrived. The clock struck㊻ eight. [11]The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed㊼ Tony for the rest of the night. At that moment, Tony took her in his arms㊽， bringing his face close to hers. [12]She heard him declare㊾ that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire㊿ to please her. Then the front door bell rang. [11]此处为“主语＋would/should＋be＋doing”构成的过去将来进行时，表示在过去某一时间之后即将进行的动作，或在过去将来的某一时间正在发生的动作。 [12]本句中heard him declare为“hear sb. do”结构，其中do为不带to的动词不定式，作宾语补足语，表示动作发生的全过程；and连接两个由that引导的并列宾语从句，第二个that不能省略。 返回导航 包你满意(改编版) 拉里·贝尔蒙特在一家生产机器人的公司工作。最近，该公司开始对一个家用机器人进行试验。这将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来检验。 克莱尔并不想家里有个机器人，尤其是在她丈夫要出差三周的时候，但是拉里劝她说机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。它会是一个意外收获。然而，当她第一次见到这个机器人时，她感到害怕。机器人名叫托尼。他看上去与其说是一台机器，倒不如说更像是一个人。他高大英俊，头发顺滑，声音低沉浑厚，尽管他的面部表情从未改变。 返回导航 第二天早晨，托尼给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣。她觉得尴尬，赶紧让他离开了。现在她被一个看起来很像人的机器人照顾着，这让她感到不安。 有一天，克莱尔说，她觉得自己不聪明。托尼说，她说那样的话心里一定很不快乐。虽然克莱尔认为她被机器人同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。他总是很尊重她。她对托尼说，对于像拉里这样想通过更高的薪水来提高社会地位的人来说，她的家不够雅致，这让她很不高兴。她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，克拉芬是这附近最有钱有势的女人之一。 返回导航 出于好意，托尼答应帮克莱尔变得更漂亮，把她的家变得更雅致。于是克莱尔从图书馆借了一些书给托尼读，更确切地说，是让他浏览一下。她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动书的每一页。她想，多么荒谬啊。他只不过是一台机器。 托尼给克莱尔换了新发型，并改善了她的妆容。由于他不被允许陪她去商店，所以他写了一张清单，上面列有他改造房子所需要的东西，然后由克莱尔去市中心采购这些东西。她按照预约做好美甲，然后走进了一家高档服装店。那里的女销售员对她很无礼，她就打电话给托尼，说自己正受到粗鲁的对待。他和女销售员在电话上说了几句话，对方马上就改变了态度。克莱尔对托尼表示感谢，并称他“亲爱的”。当她转过身时，(她看到)格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。克莱尔想，被她发现了，这可真糟糕。从格拉迪丝脸上的神情来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为他们在交往。毕竟，格拉迪丝知道她的丈夫叫拉里，而不是托尼。尽管这完全是清白的，但克莱尔还是感到内疚。 返回导航 回到家后，克莱尔哭了。克莱尔就是想成为格拉迪丝那样的人。托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就像格拉迪丝一样好。他建议她，在他要离开，拉里即将回来的前一天晚上邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。到那时，托尼期待这所正被彻底改造的房子可以立刻使用。 托尼有条不紊地进行着改造工作。克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但是她从梯子上掉了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间，但还是及时接住了她。他抱着她时，她感觉到了他身体的温暖。她尖叫一声，推开他，跑回了自己房间。 返回导航 聚会之夜到来了。八点的时钟敲响了。客人们马上就要到了，因此那天晚上克莱尔让托尼离开。就在那一刻，托尼搂住了她，把脸贴近她的脸。她听到他说，明天他不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。这时，前门的门铃响了。 返回导航 教材原文助读2 PART 02 第二部分 29 ①sit oneself＋prep./adv.使自己坐在…… ②leather ['leðə(r)] n．皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套 ③starting lever启动杆 lever ['liːvə(r)；NAmE 'levər] n．操纵杆；杠杆 ④panel ['pænl] n．控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 ⑤inch [Intʃ] n．英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米) ⑥backwards ['bækwədz][NAmE backward] adv.向后；倒着；往回 返回导航 ⑦trick vt.欺骗n.诡计；把戏 ⑧or so大约；左右 ⑨draw/take a breath吸一口气 hold one's breath屏住呼吸 out of breath上气不接下气 ⑩grip [ɡrIp] vt.& vi.紧握；抓紧 ⑪go hazy变得模糊 hazy ['heIzi] adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 返回导航 ⑫niece [niːs] n．侄女；外甥女 ⑬fetch [fetʃ] vt.(去)拿来； (去)请来 ⑭handkerchief ['hæηkətʃIf] n．手帕； 纸巾(复数形式为handkerchiefs/handkerchieves) ⑮apparently adv.看来；显然 apparent [ə'pærənt] adj.显然的；表面上的 ⑯lamp [læmp] n．灯；台灯 ⑰turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 返回导航 ⑱still在此用作程度副词，修饰形容词和副词的比较级，表示“更、愈”。 ⑲feel like感觉像是…… ⑳winding ['waIndIη] adj.弯曲的；蜿蜒的 wind [waInd](wound，wound)vt.& vi.蜿蜒 ㉑pace [peIs] n．速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏 ㉒fall away (逐渐)减少；消失 ㉓division [dI'vIʒn] n．分开；分隔；分歧；差异；除(法) divide [dI'vaId] v．(使)分开；分散 divide...into...把……分成…… 返回导航 ㉔puff [pʌf] n. (烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息 puffs of smoke袅袅烟雾 ㉕in moments瞬间；片刻 ㉖rise up升起；耸立 ㉗urge [ɜːdʒ] n．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 have an urge to有强烈的欲望做某事 ㉘random ['rændəm] adj. 随机的；不可思议的 at random随机地；随意地；胡乱地 randomly ['rændəmli] adv.随机地 返回导航 ㉙maximum ['mæksIməm] adj.最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度 [反义词] minimum ['mInIməm] adj. 最小极限的 n．最小量；最小限度 ㉚be occupied by...被……占据 ㉛explode [Ik'spləʊd] vi. & vt.爆炸；爆破 explosion n．爆炸；爆破；突增 ㉜jolt [dʒəʊlt] n．震动；摇晃；颠簸vt.& vi.(使)震动；摇晃 ㉝flip [flIp] vt.& vi.(使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛 ㉞stun [stʌn] vt.使震惊；使昏迷 ㉟mud [mʌd] n．泥；泥浆 muddy adj.泥泞的 返回导航 THE TIME MACHINE (Adapted) [1]It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. I gave it a last check, and sat myself in① the leather② seat. I pushed the starting lever③ on the main panel④ forwards an inch⑤ then immediately backwards⑥ again. [2]Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before. Had anything happened? I thought my mind had tricked⑦ me. Then I saw the clock. A moment before, it was a minute or so⑧ past ten; now it was nearly half past three! [1]本句为强调句型，强调时间状语at ten o'clock today；去掉It was和that之后，句子仍然完整。 [2]此处为现在分词短语作状语，look与主语I之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 返回导航 I drew a breath⑨， gripped⑩ the lever and pushed it forwards. The laboratory went hazy⑪ around me. My niece⑫ came in to fetch⑬something, maybe her handkerchief⑭， apparently⑮ without seeing me. It probably took her a minute, but to me she moved like a rocket! I pushed the lever further. Night came [3]as if a lamp⑯ was being turned out⑰， and [4]in another moment came the day. Tomorrow night came, then skipped to day, again and again, faster and faster still⑱． [3]此处为as if引导的方式状语从句。 [4]此处为介词短语前置引起的完全倒装。主语是the day，谓语是came，介词短语in another moment为时间状语。 返回导航 It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling. It felt like⑲ I was being driven fast on a winding⑳ road. As my pace㉑ grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away㉒， and I was left in the open air. The sun and moon looked [5] as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division㉓ between night and day. Around me I saw trees growing like puffs㉔ of smoke; they grew, spread, and died in moments㉕. I saw huge buildings rise up㉖， then disappear like in a dream. The whole surface of the earth was being changed, melting and flowing before my eyes. I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute. [5]此处为as if引导的表语从句。 返回导航 I had a strong urge㉗ to look at the random㉘ things [6]that were being flashed before my eyes! I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times. [7] So long as I travelled at maximum㉙ speed, it didn't matter. But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by㉚ something else, we would be forced together and explode㉛ like a bomb! Like an impatient fool, I pulled the lever backwards hard. With a sudden jolt㉜， the Time Machine was flipped㉝ on its side, and I was thrown through the air. [6]此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词things。 [7]此处为so long as引导的条件状语从句， so long as相当于as long as, 意为“只要”。 返回导航 I was stunned㉞ for a moment, and then heard the sound of thunder. I was sitting in the rain in some mud㉟ next to the machine. “A fine welcome，” I said, “for a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here！” 返回导航 时间机器(改编版) 就在今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始运行了。我最后检查了一下它，然后坐在皮椅上，把主面板上的启动控制杆向前推了一英寸，又立即向后拉。环顾四周，我看到我的实验室和以前一模一样。有任何变化吗？我想是大脑欺骗了我。然后我看了看时钟，片刻之前是十点零一分左右，而现在已经快三点半了！ 返回导航 我吸了一口气，抓住控制杆向前推。我周围的实验室景象变得一片模糊。我侄女进来拿东西，可能是她的手帕，显然她没有看到我。她拿东西大概花了一分钟。但对我来说，她移动得像火箭一样快！我把控制杆推得更远了一些。夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。然后到了第二天晚上，又跃进到白天，如此反复，越来越快。 返回导航 很难解释时间旅行时那种奇怪和不愉快的感觉。就好像我坐在车里，在蜿蜒的公路上飞驰。随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失了，我被留在户外。太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛到了天空，但很快就有了白天和黑夜的分界。我看到周围的树木像烟雾一样向上生长；它们在转瞬之间生长、伸展枝叶、死亡。我看到巨大的建筑拔地而起，然后像在梦里一样消失了。整个地球表面都在我眼前变化、融化和流动。我计算了一下，我正在以每分钟数百年的速度在时间中穿梭。 返回导航 我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看那些在我眼前随机闪过的东西！我多次考虑过时间机器停止运转带来的风险；只要我以最快的速度穿梭，那就不会有问题。但是如果我停下来，同一空间会被其他东西占据，我们就会被压迫在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！像一个不耐烦的傻瓜，我使劲向后拉了一下控制杆。突然一阵颠簸，时间机器翻了，我被抛到了空中。 我昏迷了片刻，然后听到了雷声。我坐在雨中的泥地里，旁边就是时间机器。我说：“对一个穿梭了几千年的时间来到这里的人来说，这是一个不错的欢迎仪式！” 返回导航 $