Unit 2 Period 2 Learning About Language（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦非谓语动词中的过去分词，系统梳理其定义（保留动词特性，含完成或被动含义）及四大句法功能。从作定语（单个分词前置、短语后置，区分完成/被动含义）、表语（系表结构与被动语态的区别）、宾语补足语（逻辑动宾关系及接此类补足语的动词类型）到状语（表时间、原因等及逻辑主语一致性），构建从基础定义到具体应用的学习支架，并配套单句语法填空与句型转换练习。 资料亮点在于紧密结合教材例句（如教材P15乐器相关句子），助力学生在真实语境中提升语言理解与表达能力。通过对比分析（如过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异）培养思维品质，引导学生精准辨析语法现象。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后练习题帮助学生巩固知识，查漏补缺，有效发展自主学习能力。

Period 2　Learning About Language 复习过去分词 过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语等成分。 一、过去分词作定语 (1)(教材P15)Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. 他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的、令人惊叹的乐器。 (2)(教材P15)A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.　一名娴熟的演奏者可以长时间吹奏，不用停下来换气。 (3)The child picked up a fallen leaf from the ground, fascinated by its patterns and colors. 孩子从地上捡起一片落叶，被它的纹理和颜色所吸引。 (4)As a respected teacher, he always encourages his students to pursue their dreams with passion and determination. 作为一位受人尊敬的教师，他总是鼓励他的学生以激情和决心追求他们的梦想。 1．单个的过去分词作定语时通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 2．大多数过去分词表示完成和被动；有些过去分词特别是不及物动词构成的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动；还有些过去分词只表示被动，不表示完成；有些过去分词已成为形容词，既不表示被动，也不表示完成。 二、过去分词作表语 (1)(教材P14)However, as I major in social studies, I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life. 不过，因为我主修社会研究，所以我对结识澳大利亚人并体验他们的文化、饮食和生活方式更感兴趣。 (2)Having achieved all the goals set at the beginning of the year, the team felt satisfied with their progress. 达到了年初设定的所有目标后，团队对他们的进展感到满意。 1．过去分词位于系动词(如be、get、become、look、feel、seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。 2．过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别： 过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态；而被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。 (1)The students are pleased to take part in the science fair, where they have the chance to show their innovative projects. 学生们很高兴参加科学展览，他们有机会在那里展示自己的创新项目。(系表结构) (2)The old building is used to house a community center that serves the local neighborhood. 这座旧建筑被用来容纳一个为当地社区服务的社区中心。(被动语态) 三、过去分词作宾语补足语 (1)(教材P15)Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. 尽管自1788年以来，主要的文化影响来自西方文化，但少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。 (2)After months of hard work, they were excited to see the project completed on time. 经过几个月的努力工作，他们很兴奋地看到项目按时完成。 (3)The teacher left the grades posted online so that students could check their results at any time. 老师把成绩公布在网上，以便学生们随时可以查看他们的结果。 (4)She wants the report finished by Friday so that she can review it over the weekend. 她希望报告在周五前完成，以便她可以在周末进行审阅。 作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有着逻辑上的动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。以下是几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)或带有宾语补足语的结构。 1．表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see、watch、observe、find、look at、hear、listen to、feel、 notice、 think等。 2．表示“致、使”意义的动词，如have、make、get、keep、leave等。 3．表示“希望、要求、命令”等意义的动词，如like、want、wish、order等。 4．“with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 四、过去分词作状语 (1)Seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful. 从山顶上看，整个城镇看起来更美了。 (2)Exhausted by the running, he went on running after the pet dog. 尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他还是继续追着宠物狗跑。 (3)A man shouted back as he ran to me, followed by his wife breathlessly. 一个男人一边向我跑过来，一边大声喊着，他的妻子上气不接下气地跟在他后面。 过去分词作状语时表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 1．作时间状语 过去分词作时间状语时，相当于when、while、after、once等引导的时间状语从句。 2．作原因状语 过去分词作原因状语时，相当于as、since、because等引导的原因状语从句。 3．作条件状语 过去分词作条件状语时，相当于if、unless等引导的条件状语从句。 4．作让步状语 过去分词作让步状语时，相当于though、although、even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。 5．作方式或伴随状语 过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换为并列句。 过去分词作状语的注意事项 (1)过去分词作状语时，其前可以带有相应的连词，如when、though、although、as if、as though、if、unless、until、once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等； (2)过去分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要保持一致； (3)有些过去分词已经形容词化，作状语时不表示被动而表示人的某种状态。常见的有satisfied、surprised、interested、moved、worried、pleased、disappointed等。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Completed(complete) in 1931, the Empire State Building, the highest skyscraper until 1954, inspired the imagination of the world. 2．There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint). 3．Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother taken(take) good care of at home. 4．The book, entitled(entitle) New Practical Chinese, is intended for beginners at your level. 5．Claire had her luggage checked(check) an hour before her plane left. 6．Offered(offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous. 7．In rock climbing, you need to remain very focused(focus) so that you won't make any dangerous errors. 8．Before painting, the painter must have a detailed(detail) draft in his mind. Ⅱ.语法与写作(句型转换) 1．If he is given another chance, he will be superior to his brother. →Given another chance, he will be superior to his brother. 2．The old man was supported by his wife and went into the room. →The old man went into the room, supported by his wife． 3．Because they were deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarreling with each other. →Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarreling with each other. 4．Someone stole his smartphone on the way home, which annoyed him very much. →He had/got his smartphone stolen on the way home, which annoyed him very much. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $