Unit 1 Period 2 Learning About Language（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦被动语态复习，系统梳理各种时态被动语态形式（一般、进行、完成时的现在、过去、将来），解析使用注意事项（复合宾语、双宾语转换等），归纳主动表被动及被动意义其他表达方式，构建完整知识支架。 资料特色在于融合教材例句与2024新高考真题，通过对比分析不同时态被动语态、主动被动转换培养思维品质，设计语法填空和句型转换练习提升语言能力，课中辅助教师教学，课后助力学生查漏补缺，强化学习效率。

Period 2　Learning About Language 复习被动语态 一、各种时态的被动语态形式 (1)(教材P2)Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. 现在她被一个看起来很像人的机器人照顾着，这让她感到不安。 (2)(教材P2)As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house. 由于他不被允许陪她去商店，所以他写了一张清单，上面列有他改造房子所需要的东西。 (3)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half.　由于一场大风暴，我乘坐的航班延误了一个半小时。 (4)All necessary documents have been submitted and are now under review by the committee. 所有必要的文件都已提交，目前正在接受委员会的审查。 (5)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate. 着装不得体者将被拒绝参加。 被动语态的形式为“系动词be＋过去分词”，被动语态的时态体现在系动词be上。常见的被动语态形式如下表： 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/ are done am/is/are being done has/have been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done 二、使用被动语态应注意的问题 (1)As I walked by the park, I saw children playing happily on the swings. →As I walked by the park, children were seen playing happily on the swings. 当走过公园时，我看到孩子们在秋千上快乐地玩耍。 (2)The teacher's encouragement makes students work harder to achieve their goals. →Students are made to work harder by the teacher's encouragement to achieve their goals. 老师的鼓励让学生更加努力地学习以达成他们的目标。 (3)My father is telling me an interesting story now. →An interesting story is being told to me by my father now. →I'm being told an interesting story by my father now. 我的爸爸现在正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。 (4)The nursing worker took good care of the old man, which reassured us much. →The old man was taken good care of by the nursing worker, which reassured us much. 那位老人受到了护工很好的照顾，这让我们放心不少。 (5)One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic. 一项研究发现，一个棉布袋至少要使用131次，才能比塑料袋更有利于地球环境。 1．谓语动词带有复合宾语的主动句转换为被动句时，应将宾语变为被动句的主语，而将补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。 在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中，则不能省略to。 2．谓语动词带双宾语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语，或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。 3．动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。 4．含有情态动词的谓语的被动语态由“情态动词＋be done”构成。 三、主动形式表示被动意义 (1)This fruit tastes tangy, which is perfect for making homemade jams. 这种水果尝起来酸酸的，非常适合用来做自制果酱。 (2)The new smartphone sells well due to its advanced features and competitive pricing. 由于其先进的特性和有竞争力的价格，这款新的智能手机卖得很好。 (3)This question requires solving at the next meeting to prevent future occurrences. 这个问题需要在下次会议上得到解决，以防止将来再次发生。 (4)I think the novel is worth reading again. 我认为这部小说值得再读一次。 (5)I have a meeting to attend tomorrow afternoon, so I need to prepare the materials today. 我明天下午有个会议要参加，所以我今天需要准备材料。 (6)The water is not fit to drink, so hold out until we get to the shop. 这水不宜饮用，所以请坚持到我们到达商店为止。 1．连系动词如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、hear、appear、prove等后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。 2．当wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cut等不及物动词后加easily、well等副词时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 3．“need/want/require/deserve/...＋doing”结构用主动形式表示被动意义。 4．“be worth doing”结构用主动形式表示被动意义。 5．动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成动宾关系，且句中出现动作的逻辑主语时，要用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。 6．在“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句型中，形容词后跟动词不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此句型常用的形容词有amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等。 四、被动意义的其他表示方法 (1)(教材P2)Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed. 拉里劝她说机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。 (2)The problem being discussed at the meeting is of great importance. 会议上正在被讨论的问题非常重要。 (3)The proposal is under consideration, and we will make a decision next week. 该提议正在考虑中，我们将在下周做出决定。 (4)The famous painting is on exhibition at the museum, and many art lovers have come to see it. 这幅名画正在博物馆展出，许多艺术爱好者都已经来看过它。 被动意义除了用被动语态表示外，根据具体情况还可以用其他形式表示。 1．非谓语动词的被动式表示被动意义； 2．“介词＋名词”结构表示被动意义：on、in、under、beyond、above、past等介词后加名词可以表示被动意义。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·天津卷)The wooden tower that is being restored (restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished. 2．(2024·北京卷)On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood was named (name) the world's oldest living man. 3．When fat and salt are removed (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. 4．Though we don't know what was being discussed, yet we can feel the topic has been changed(change). 5．The surface of this table feels so smooth.I think it is well worth buying(buy). 6．The water felt (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 7．Jones got the idea after he had talked with a saleswoman who had been cheated (cheat) of her money. 8．After he took over the company, he decided to have more workers for the project so that it won't be delayed(delay). 9．In her speech, she stresses that no problem here is difficult to work(work) out, if we think carefully enough. 10．The visitors are required accompanying/to be accompanied (accompany) by a guide, and they must follow the park rules. Ⅱ.语法与写作(句型转换) 1．Yesterday when I entered my son's bedroom, he was playing a cell phone game.(改为被动语态) →Yesterday when I entered my son's bedroom, a cell phone game was being played by him. 2．Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，his former teacher called him back to London to continue his research. (改为被动语态) →Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，he was called back by his former teacher to London to continue his research. 3．He hurried to the station, and was told the train had left.(改为“only＋动词不定式”的被动语态) →He hurried to the station, only to be told the train had left. 4．I feel it a great honor that I will be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.(改为非谓语动词的被动形式) →I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. 5．It appeared that he had been questioned many times.(改为非谓语动词的被动形式) →He appeared to have been questioned many times. 6．The new bridge is being constructed over the river, and it will improve traffic flow in the area. (同义转换) →The new bridge is under construction over the river, and it will improve traffic flow in the area. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $