Unit 1 夯基赋能·直击高考 之读后续写（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版）

本高中英语讲义聚焦无生命名词作主语的语法结构，重点讲解情感名词（如joy、fear等）作主语时与熟词生义动词（如swept over、seized等）的搭配及翻译，为读后续写提供语言基础。通过“语法讲解—动词搭配练习—续写任务”的学习支架，构建“基础语法—写作应用”的知识脉络。 该资料特色在于融合语法教学与写作实践，通过“一审要素、二定主题、三构思QA模式、四成文”的续写步骤，培养学生语言能力（语法准确运用）和思维品质（情节分析与创造）。例如情感名词作主语练习夯实语言基础，QA模式帮助学生构思合理情节，课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生通过范文和语料积累查漏补缺，提升学习能力。

“我”与佩妮携手共创完美故事 无生命名词作主语是用没有生命的事物充当句子的主语成分，包括物品、动作、情感、时间、地点、天气名词等。这种语法结构与汉语中习惯把人这个行为主体作为句子主语的表达方式不同，但是因其体现了英语语言的客体思维，反而在地道性上更胜一筹。这类句子一般简短易写，是读后续写中提分的利器。 情感名词作主语，即主语是表达情感的抽象意义名词。常见的有joy、nervousness、fear、courage、presence、anxiety、astonishment、anger、shame、silence、satisfaction 等。此时，与其搭配的动词往往属于熟词生义，即词汇在语境下产生的新的意象。 请给下列句子选择合适的谓语进行搭配并进行翻译。 swept over　crept over　choked　seized　took away　gave way to 1．Panic entirely seized the passengers who had just heard that the flight was cancelled. 译文：刚刚得知航班取消的乘客们，彻底被恐慌笼罩了。 2．A wave of sadness swept over the small town, as everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins. 译文：一股悲伤席卷了整个小镇，因为幸存者们无论看向何处，所见的都只有一片废墟。 3．Silence gave way to cheers when the winner, struggling for years to realize his dream, finally stepped onto the stage. 译文：当那位为实现梦想奋斗了多年的获胜者终于走上舞台时，沉默被欢呼声取代了。 4．Sorrow choked the old couple, when they watched the photo of their son taken during his happy childhood. 译文：当老两口凝望着儿子在快乐的童年时光拍的照片时，悲伤得哽咽难言。 5．Amazement took away their words after they witnessed such an extraordinary performance. 译文：目睹了如此精彩绝伦的表演，他们惊得说不出话来。 6．A sense of unease crept over them, whose supplies were running low. 译文：一种不安感悄然笼罩了他们——他们的补给已经所剩无几。 阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 [1]The bell rang. School was out! I grabbed my backpack and headed to the library for my favorite after-school activity: Writing Club. [2]Miss Lisa, our writing club leader, asked us to share our stories with a critique partner, whose task is to give helpful feedback so someone can tell their best story. My critique partner was Penny. We took our backpacks and sat across from each other at a table. I was nervous when I handed my story to her. I had no problem coming up with great story ideas. I did have problems with spelling. And grammar. And punctuation.Penny didn't look at me or smile as she pushed her story across the table toward me. Why was she worried? She always got perfect scores on her spelling and grammar tests. [3]I read her story without stopping. “I don't have any suggestions. It's perfect！” I told her.“Yours too，” she said quietly. She didn't even look at me as she passed mine back. [4]After the class, Penny looked relieved. As she jumped up and grabbed her backpack, everything fell out. She quickly stuffed her things back in and hurried out of the library. I noticed a book under the table. It must have fallen out of Penny's bag.The description on the back sounded familiar. As I looked through the book, I couldn't believe that Penny had copied its idea! I thought about telling Miss Lisa, but she had already left for the day. [5]Outside of the school, I spotted Penny sitting on a bench. I decided to tell her that I knew she had stolen her story. I walked over and held out the book and raised my eyebrows at her. Penny's shoulders were bent low in exhaustion. She sniffed and wiped her nose on her sleeve. She was crying! “Thanks，” Penny whispered, taking the book quickly from my hand before she hurried off. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 As I walked home, Penny's tearful face kept flashing in my mind. The next morning, I waited at her desk with my story draft. 一审——审要素 【When & Where】 [1]The bell rang. School was out! I grabbed my backpack and headed to the library for my favorite after-school activity: Writing Club． 【Who】 I, Penny(my critique partner), Miss Lisa (our writing club leader) 【What & Why】 [2]Miss Lisa, our writing club leader, asked us to share our stories with a critique partner, whose task is to give helpful feedback so someone can tell their best story. [2]I had no problem coming up with great story ideas. I did have problems with spelling. And grammar. And punctuation. [3]I read her story without stopping. “I don't have any suggestions. It's perfect！” [4]I noticed a book under the table. It must have fallen out of Penny's bag... As I looked through the book, I couldn't believe that Penny had copied its idea! [5]Outside of the school, I spotted Penny sitting on a bench...She was crying! “Thanks，” Penny whispered, taking the book quickly from my hand before she hurried off． 【How】 [2]I was nervous when I handed my story to her...Why was she worried? [3]“Yours too，” she said quietly. She didn't even look at me as she passed mine back. [4]After the class, Penny looked relieved． [4]As I looked through the book, I couldn't believe that Penny had copied its idea! [5]Penny's shoulders were bent low in exhaustion. She sniffed and wiped her nose on her sleeve. 二定——定主题：正能量原则 It turned out that it was our joint efforts that made a perfect story. 三构思——QA模式：构思每段三个微情节 根据第一段段首句可知，下文续写内容为： [Question 1] How did I feel? [Answer] I was concerned about Penny. [Question 2]What was the solution I thought of? [Answer] We could work together and create a story of our own. [Question 3] What did I do then? (和第二段段首句衔接) [Answer] I got down to making the draft. 根据第二段段首句可知，下文续写内容为： [Question 1] What did Penny do? [Answer] Penny walked in and apologized for what she did. [Question 2]What did I do then and what was Penny's reaction? [Answer] I handed Penny my draft and Penny started to polish my draft. [Question 3] What moral would the story express? [Answer] It turned out that it was our joint efforts that made a perfect story. 四成文——梳理思路，完成正文 特别关注语言协同： 模仿原文的亮点词汇、语法结构和亮点句型。 As I walked home, Penny's tearful face kept flashing in my mind. The next morning, I waited at her desk with my story draft. One possible version： As I walked home, Penny's tearful face kept flashing in my mind. Her trembling hands and the copied story haunted me. I remembered that my job as her critique partner was to give helpful feedback, not to make her feel bad. (微情节一：“我”担心佩妮)I suddenly came up with a good idea—we could work together and create a story of our own. My grammar might be shaky, but her perfect sentences could shine through real creativity. (微情节二：“我”想到“我们”共同创作自己故事的想法)Without any delay, I pulled out a notebook and got down to working: two girls co-write a story—one with ideas，and the other polishing words. I then drew two stick figures holding pens under the title “Penny & Me”. (微情节三：“我”开始写草稿) The next morning, I waited at her desk with my story draft. When Penny walked in, she froze for a second, her ears turning pink. “I am sorry.” she mumbled, sitting down nervously.(微情节一：佩妮为她的抄袭行为向“我”道歉) I smiled and comforted her. Then I handed her the notebook with our plan. “How about working together？” I suggested, “I'm bad at grammar but you're great at it.”Though surprised, she began reading. She commented it was such an amazing story. Then she started to making corrections. (微情节二：“我”交给佩妮草稿，她开始润色草稿)Eventually our draft was finished. Miss Lisa was greatly touched and gave us an A. It turned out that it was our joint efforts that made a perfect story.(微情节三：“我们”创作的故事取得了好成绩) 　　(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读)The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. ①Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. ②“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”③　背铺灰语料，积续写基石 [话题] 人与自然——保护环境——生态设计 [内容概要] 约翰通过实验发明了“生态设计”，解决了很多污水净化问题。 [注释] ①动作描写 ②描写大自然的运作原理 ③尊重大自然的自我修复能力 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $