U2 Period1 Starting out&Understanding ideas课后巩固多维提能 （Word练习）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

课后巩固 多维提能 ［基础知识巩固练］ 维度一 词形转换和动词的形式变换 1．As for preparation, reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee _ _ _ _ _ _ （make） you adapt to the Chinese language environment. [答案]to make 2．When faced with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （reject）， instead of complaining，maybe we should consider our opportunities. [答案]rejections 3．Although hot and tired, seeing the neat and clean house, we were more than _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （delight）. [答案]delighted 4．At present, many students live in cities and _ _ _ _ _ _ （rare） have opportunities to truly experience labor. [答案]rarely 5．If you have to take a certain amount of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ （criticise）, you must cope with it—escaping is not a wise way. [答案]criticisms 维度二 固定用法和搭配 1．It was because of poor management and lack of experience that Smith got _ _ debt, which eventually led to the shutdown of his business. [答案]into 2．People are usually well informed what is happening due to the advanced media， such as television， newspapers and the Internet. [答案]of 3．How could you turn _ _ such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months? [答案]down 4．Only by learning and adapting constantly can we keep pace with the development of advanced technology,which plays _ _ part in our daily lives. [答案]a 5．In common _ _ many people, I enjoy reading books and watching movies in my free time. [答案]with 维度三 完成句子/句型转换 1．每天做一些小的改变，你的生活方式会变得更健康。（祈使句+and+陈述句） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ [答案]Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier. 2．听到我的话，大卫颤抖地朝我转过身来，眼泪夺眶而出。（with复合结构） Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . [答案]with tears spilling out of his eyes 3．当我沿着街道散步时，我碰巧遇到了一位多年未见的老朋友。（状语从句的省略） _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ , I came across an old friend who I haven't seen for years. [答案]When walking down the street 4．我哥哥昨天踢足球时摔断了左腿，现在他必须卧床休息几周。（get+宾语+宾语补足语） My brother _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ while playing football yesterday, and now he has to stay in bed and rest for a few weeks. [答案]got his left leg broken 5．He was listening attentively in class. His eyes were fixed on the blackboard. →He was listening attentively in class, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .（独立主格结构） [答案]his eyes fixed on the blackboard 维度四 融合教材·主题探究 【改编自人教选必三U4】 Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914. Shackleton was one of the most famous explorers of his day and it was considered a great honour to be part of his expeditions. Below are some of Blackborow's diary entries. 31 Oct, 1914 ...Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition． An expedition to the South Pole with the great Sir Ernest Shackleton—this is the adventure that I have been dreaming of. And I was ready for it. At the age of 19, I am fit and full of vigour. However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn't qualified. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered. Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first！” He assigned me to be a steward， and I now serve meals for twenty-eight men, three times a day. How everyone will envy me when I come back and tell them about the amazing places I have been to! 21 Nov, 1915 The journey has not been easy.Endurance became stuck in the ice as we approached Antarctica. The ice froze around us and we were well and truly stuck! We saw the ship get crushed by the ice. And when the ship sank, our hearts sank with it. Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies—the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. This was no time to panic. We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. But to our surprise, he allowed Hussey to keep his banjo. Hussey often plays it to keep our spirits up. We are now camped on the ice and we have been managing to survive, but spring is coming, and the ice will soon begin to melt. 1．Why did Shackleton refuse Blackborow's application? A. Because he was too young. B. Because he wasn't ready for it. C. Because he was not enthusiastic about it. D. Because he was not full of vigour. 2．How did Blackborow feel when Shackleton approved of his staying on the ship? A. Disappointed. B. Amazed. C. Proud. D. Energetic. 3．What happened to the ship? A. It was frozen. B. It was crushed by ice. C. It was out of oil. D. It was useless. 4．Why did Shackleton agree Hussey to keep his banjo? A. Because he wanted to rescue them. B. Because it was essential to survive. C. Because it could keep their spirits up. D. Because it was valuable. [答案] 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C ［综合能力提升练］ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A A PhD student in Michigan defended her paper while wearing a skirt made of rejection letters she received while studying.29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out 17 of her rejection letters—from scholarships, academic journals, and conferences—then folded each one into a fan. She connected them in rows, and in the end she made a skirt out of these “fans” and wore it. She said that the idea behind her unique clothing item came out of a desire to normalize （使正常化） rejection and take pride in overcoming it. “The whole process of rereading those old letters and making that skirt sort of reminded me that you have to apply for a lot of things to succeed,” she said.“A natural part of the process is to get rejected along the way.” Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin, a professor of earth and environmental science at Michigan State University, also encourages the acceptance of failure in her students. Libarkin believes it's important for students to get into a habit of applying for things, and to get used to the feeling of rejection, so she encourages them to chase after any opportunity that comes their way. If a student doesn't get a grant or a spot in an academic journal, that's okay. They'll still have learned something in the process. As for Caitlin, the rejections she received over the years have led to great things: Since her doctorate, she's won a scholarship to do further research on urban agriculture in Germany. Currently, she's a post-doctoral researcher at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. As for what the future holds? “I'm prepared to receive a few more rejection letters along the way,” she joked heartily.“Maybe I'll make a longer skirt.” 1．What can we learn about Caitlin Kirby's rejection letters? A. She received 17 rejections in total. B. 29 of her rejections were from journals. C. The rejections were connected into a fan. D. She made some rejection letters into a skirt. 2．What is Julie Libarkin's attitude towards Caitlin's action? A. Favorable. B. Ambiguous. C. Skeptical. D. Opposed. 3．Which of the following can best describe Caitlin? A. Creative and considerate. B. Caring and determined. C. Optimistic and humorous. D. Generous and intelligent. 4．Which of the following may Caitlin agree with? A. Hard work pays off. B. One needs to normalize failures. C. Self-respect earns more respect. D. Education is the entrance to success. [答案] 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B [解析] 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“29-year-old Caitlin Kirby printed out...and wore it.”可知,凯特琳·柯比将收到的一些拒绝信做成了一件裙子。 2．观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Caitlin's adviser, Julie Libarkin...failure in her students.”和“she encourages...comes their way”可推知,朱莉·利巴金对凯特琳的行为是赞成的。 3．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“A PhD student in Michigan...she received while studying.”可知,凯特琳是乐观的；再根据最后一段中的“‘I'm prepared to receive...along the way,’ she joked heartily.”可知,凯特琳很幽默。 4．推理判断题。根据第二段内容可推知,凯特琳最有可能同意人们需要将失败正常化的观点。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 29 岁的凯特琳·柯比将收到的拒绝信做成了一件裙子,并希望以此告诉人们,失败是很正常的,要正确对待失败并从中汲取智慧的故事。 [（2025·天津市第四十七中学期中）]B In today's motivational literature, failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated. Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Try again. Fail again. Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success, a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory. Nevertheless, psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively. In other words, we fail to “fail forward”.We find ways to devalue （贬低） the task at which we failed, and become less motivated to persevere and reach our goals. This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”, which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad. Sjastad explains that the “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism （机制）.“Most of us picture ourselves as competent people, so when external feedback suggests otherwise, it poses a serious threat to that self-image,” he says.“The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the external signal, so we can reduce the inconsistency and preserve a positive sense of self. We do this even without noticing.” If you have one bad interview for your dream job, you might convince yourself that you don't really want it at all, and stop applying for similar positions. The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial, or if a publisher rejects the first submission of your manuscript.“We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’,” Sjastad says. It doesn't mean we should persevere in goals all the time. It can be healthy to change ambitions if the process is no longer making us happy. But the “sour-grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely, rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve. Failures are unavoidable. By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing has happened, you may find it easier to achieve your goals. 5．What can we learn from paragraph 3 about the “sour-grape effect”? A. It protects us from false feedback. B. It pictures us as competitive people. C. It poses a severe threat to the self-image. D. It denies negative feedback to ourselves. 6．What is the author's attitude towards failure? A. Short-sighted. B. Wait-and-see. C. Objective. D. Skeptical. 7．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Unhappily. B. Mistakenly. C. Hurriedly. D. Carelessly. 8．Which statement would the author most probably agree with? A. Don't escape when our self-image is broken. B. Don't quit when goals no longer make you happy. C. Never hesitate to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”. D. Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self. [答案] 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．A [解析] 5．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“the‘sour-grape effect’ is a self-protective mechanism”可知,“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制,会否认外界对于我们的负面反馈。 6．观点态度题。根据第五段中的“It doesn't mean we should...making us happy.”和最后一段内容可知,作者从正反两方面来对待失败,所以说作者对待失败的态度是客观的。 7．词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“rather than hanging on...learn and improve”可知,“酸葡萄效应”可能导致我们过早地做出决定,而不是坚持一会儿,看看我们是否可以学习和提高。由此可推知,画线词与C项意思相近。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By learning to face...achieve your goals.”可知,作者建议要学会面对失败带来的失望，而不是贬低失败并假装一切都没发生过，这样会更加有助于实现目标。由此可推知，作者最可能同意当我们的自我形象受到质疑时，不要一味地逃避。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了失败观。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [（2025·江苏扬州段考）]Until the age of eleven Zuna's hobbies were pretty general：reading，playing the piano and dancing. Her interests 1 when she was in the sixth grade，as at that time， 2 and chemistry classes were added to the school curriculum （课程）.Zuna was 3 by the two new subjects. During the biology classes， Zuna realised that although her desire for more 4 was being achieved， her ambitions to do her own 5 and actually contribute to 6 were not satisfied．While looking for opportunities to 7 with research labs，she discovered that in many countries it was 8 for young students to do scientific internships（实习）.She started 9 local research institutions，but was never selected because she was too young．She kept trying and was eventually 10 as a summer intern at Masaryk University in Brno， Czech Republic. Zuna's first laboratory internship marked some 11 beginnings in her life such as her first successful research project，which 12 Zuna to participate in more scientific activities and then achieve greater 13 . Zuna shared her story，hoping to motivate her fellow pupils．“I am certainly not 14 than any other child,” she says，“yet I have an idea and enough passion not to 15 ．” 1．A. appeared B. faded C. changed D. returned 2．A. psychology B. physics C. history D. biology 3．A. fascinated B. puzzled C. shocked D. inspired 4．A. attention B. knowledge C. experience D. energy 5．A. homework B. duty C. business D. research 6．A. education B. science C. diversity D. peace 7．A. compete B. cooperate C. combine D. contract 8．A. strange B. necessary C. common D. urgent 9．A. improving B. investigating C. challenging D. contacting 10．A. accepted B. considered C. remembered D. recommended 11．A. small B. official C. real D. new 12．A. motivated B. convinced C. taught D. forced 13．A. wealth B. happiness C. success D. popularity 14．A. better B. busier C. older D. calmer 15．A. stand out B. give up C. show off D. run away [答案] 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．B [解析] 1．根据上文中的“Zuna's hobbies were...and dancing”和下文中的“Zuna was   by the two new subjects.”可知，祖娜的兴趣改变（change）了。 2．根据下文中的“During the biology classes”可知，学校增加了生物（biology）课和化学课。 3．根据下文祖娜喜欢参与科学实验，坚持联系实验室，并最终成为实习生的经历可知，她对这两门课程很着迷（fascinated）。 4．根据上文中的“During the biology classes”并结合语境可知，祖娜渴望获得更多的知识（knowledge）。 5．根据下文中的“While looking for opportunities to   with research labs”可知，祖娜想要做自己的研究（research）。 6．根据下文中的“which   Zuna to participate in more scientific activities and then achieve greater  ”可知，祖娜想要对科学（science）有所贡献。 7．根据上文中的“her ambitions to do...were not satisfied”可知，祖娜在寻找与研究实验室合作（cooperate）的机会。 8．根据下文中的“She started  local research institutions”及常识可知，在许多国家，年轻学生进行科学实习是很普遍的（common）。 9．根据常识可知，学生要参加科学实习必须先联系（contact）可以合作的研究机构。 10．根据上文中的“She kept trying and was eventually”可知，功夫不负有心人，她最终被接纳（accept）成为实习生。 11．根据下文中的“beginnings in her life such as her first successful research project”可知，这对祖娜来说标志着新的（new）开始。 12．根据上文中的her first successful research project和下文中的“participate in more scientific activities and then achieve greater”可知，第一次的成功对祖娜而言是一种激励，激发（motivate）她继续参与更多的科学活动并获得更大的成功（success）。 13．参见上题解析。 14．根据最后一段内容可知,祖娜认为自己不比其他孩子更优秀（better）。 15．根据上文中的“She kept trying”和最后一段内容可知，祖娜一直坚持不懈,从不放弃（give up）。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小学生祖娜为了实现自己参与科学实验的梦想，坚持联系实验室，最终成为实习生，并取得了越来越多的成功的故事。 Ⅲ.语法填空 In the China Pavilion at the sixth China International Import Expo in Shanghai, a piece of bamboo art resembling a Taihu Lake Stone was the center of attention. Perfectly 1.   （combine） traditional craftwork with natural art, it demonstrated the beauty of the stone 2.   which it was modeled. It was the work of Qian Lihuai, an inheritor of traditional bamboo weaving techniques. “Bamboo weaving lacks documented records; the skills have always been passed down orally. I spent 3.   considerable period interviewing seasoned craftsmen 4.   carefully gathering records of weaving techniques,” Qian explains. After understanding the foundational logic of bamboo weaving and the patterns, Qian began to add artistic 5.   （touch） to his bamboo weaving. “My artistic innovation centers around 6.   weaving can convey the nature of the world. For instance, we employ a 7.   （diversity） range of colors to strengthen its expressive potential, filling bamboo weaving with a convincing language,” Qian adds. Additionally, there is a dynamic connection and dialogue with other materials. “8.   （bamboo） unique combination of rigidity and flexibility, distinct from many other materials like metals or textiles,9.   （position） it in a proper zone. I believe it can be used as an excellent adhesive （粘合剂） with other materials,” Qian explains. He has also taught his bamboo weaving techniques at Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, and says previously the course 10.   （design） to encourage open-minded thinking, exploring the ways to integrate bamboo weaving expertise into different fields. [答案] 1．combining 2．after 3．a 4．and 5．touches 6．how 7．diverse 8．Bamboo's 9．positions/will position 10．was designed [解析] 1．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语，动词combine与逻辑主语it之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。 2．考查介词。model after意为“模仿……”，为固定搭配。 3．考查冠词。period在此处为泛指，且considerable的发音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。 4．考查连词。结合上下文语境可知，此处为并列关系，应用连词and。 5．考查名词复数。touch在此处为可数名词，上文没有冠词，应用其复数形式。 6．考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how。 7．考查形容词。空处修饰名词range，应用形容词形式。 8．考查名词所有格。bamboo与下文combination之间构成所属关系，应用名词所有格形式，且单词位于句首，首字母应大写。 9．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语，可用一般现在时或一般将来时，主语为combination，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 10．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语course与动词design之间构成被动关系；根据previously可知,时态为一般过去时；主语为单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。 【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竹编艺术品，它将传统工艺与自然艺术完美地结合在一起。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $