Unit 6 1 Period 1 Starting out&Understanding ideas（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（外研版）

本讲义聚焦“自然灾害”主题，系统梳理相关核心词汇（如earthquake, wildfire等灾害名称，destroy, rescue等动词）、短语（look through, keep on doing等）及语法点（now that原因状语从句、独立主格结构、非谓语动词作主语/状语），构建从词汇积累到语法应用再到语篇理解（阅读理解题、话题佳句）的学习支架。 该资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过词汇分类记忆、语法实例解析（如非谓语动词作主语“going down the stairs...”）及语篇设问（如“作者提及报纸标题的目的”），提升学生语言理解与表达能力，培养分析推断思维。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后通过词汇练习、语法填空及写作应用，帮助学生查漏补缺，强化学习效果。

　disaster　　　tube　　plus erupt immediately occur announcement forecast grab reliable rescue emergency exceptionally claim crisis threaten satellite precisely billion lap nowhere otherwise midnight county threat property sufficient shelter 　look through, fly off, all of a sudden, keep on doing sth., have yet to do sth. 　1.now that 引导原因状语从句 2．独立主格结构 　省　略 　安全指南类说明文 earthquake n.　　　　　　 地震 wildfire n. 野火 drought n. 干旱 flood n. 洪水 hurricane n. 飓风 typhoon n. 台风 tornado n. 龙卷风 blizzard n. 暴风雪 tsunami n. 海啸 thunderstorm n. 雷雨 landslide n. 山崩；滑坡 destroy vt. 摧毁，毁灭 cause/result in/lead to 导致 suffer from... 遭受……之苦 suffer losses 遭受损失 leave...in ruins 使……成为废墟， 使……严重受损 burn...to the ground 把……夷为平地 leave...homeless 使……无家可归 in pain 处于痛苦之中 lose one's life 某人失去生命 victim n.　　　　　　 　 受害者 soldier n. 士兵 survivor n. 幸存者 donate vt. 捐赠 relief n. 救济，救援物品 medical team 医疗队 rescue team 救援队 rescue worker 救援人员 hand in hand 手牵手 face up to 敢于面对 volunteer to do... 自愿做…… offer to do sth. 主动做某事 prevent vt. 防止，阻止 forecast vt. 预测 protect vt. 保护 promote vt. 促进 take action 采取行动 take measures to do... 采取措施做…… raise/heighten people's awareness of... 加强/提高人们的……意识 prepare an emergency kit 准备一个应急包 stay/keep calm 保持冷静 call an emergency number 拨打紧急电话 话题佳句 1.With the help of the people all over China, people in disaster areas overcame many difficulties and rebuilt their homes.　在全中国人民的帮助下，灾区的人们克服了种种困难，重建了家园。 2．Disasters are not terrible, but what is terrible is that there is no hope in our hearts. 灾难并不可怕，可怕的是我们的心中没有了希望。 3．I believe we can certainly pull it through with the public and the government working together. 我相信在公众和政府的共同努力下，我们一定能渡过难关。 Period 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 　〈教材助读＋语基默写〉见分册本 What does the passage mainly talk about? A．A journey in London. B．The crowded situation. C．The Tube system in London. D．The extreme weather conditions. 答案：D 答案：1.30 plus　2.air conditioning　3.higher 4．his flat　5.boat　6.the top floor　7.swim 8．natural disasters 1．Why does the author talk about the newspaper title? A．To tell us the Tube is very hot. B．To introduce the topic of this passage. C．To show that the newspaper is free. D．To tell us something about the weather. 2．What do you know according to paragraph 2? A．The Tube is hot and crowded. B．Most people have bacon for breakfast. C．Most people don't like travelling by the Tube. D．Passengers have to wait a long time for the train. 3．How does the author feel while reading the newspaper? A．Excited.　　　　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Worried. D．Satisfied. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．There is a volcano in London erupting now. B．The author's working place will move to the top floor. C．The author has sold his flat and bought a boat. D．The temperature in London is higher than before. 答案：1～4.BACD 1．Sure enough, going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that's erupting.(Para.2) [分析]　本句为主从复合句。句中going down the stairs and onto the platform为动词­ing形式作主语；that's erupting为that引导的定语从句。 [翻译]　果然，走下楼梯，迈上站台就像是跳进了正在爆发的火山一样。 2．Looking through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.(Para.4) [分析]　本句为主从复合句。句中Looking through my newspaper为动词­ing形式作状语；showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town为动词­ing形式作后置定语，其中that引导宾语从句。 [翻译]　翻阅报纸的时候，我被一组照片震惊到了，照片显示亚洲的一场台风摧毁了一座城镇。 I pick 1.up a free newspaper at the Tube station and see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot！”．Today, the temperature in London is expected 2.to_reach(reach) 30 plus degrees.While 3.going(go) down the stairs and onto the platform, I feel like jumping into a volcano that is erupting.However, it is much 4.worse(bad) on the train because there is no air conditioning.With so many people on the train, I feel I am melting into one with the person 5.who/that is next to me.Standing on the crowded hot train, I feel sick and uncomfortable. With the temperature getting higher each year, I think I should be well prepared for the change. Perhaps, I should sell my flat and buy a boat so that I will be able to get to work when the Thames 6.rises(rise).I will also speak with my manager about moving my office to the top floor.Most 7.importantly(important), I should learn swimming immediately so as to survive when the tall buildings 8.are_flooded(flood).Since it's difficult to avoid 9.disasters(disaster) on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space. In the end, I manage to make 10.it to Bank station. Stepping out of the station, I feel much more comfortable.Anyhow, it is only 30 degrees outside! 1．Why are there more and more disasters in the world? Our_environment_is_being_affected_by_human_activities,_which_may_lead_to_various_natural_disasters. 2．Facing natural disasters, what should we do? On_the_one_hand,_we_should_protect_our_environment_to_reduce_natural_disasters;_on_the_other_hand,_we_should_know_some_safety_tips_to_protect_ourselves_when_they_occur. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．tube n.　　　　　　　 A．山崩，滑坡 2．typhoon n. B．台风 3．landslide n. C．管子 答案：1～3.CBA Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．natural disasters　　　　　 自然灾害 2．5 plus degrees 5度以上 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1．erupt v．(火山)爆发，喷发→eruption n．(火山)爆发，喷发；(战争等)爆发 2．immediately adv.即刻，马上→immediate adj.立即的，即刻的 3．occur v．发生，出现；存在于，出现在→occurrence n.发生，出现；发生的事情；存在的事物 4．announcement n．通告，公告；宣布，宣告→announce vt.宣布，宣告(决定、计划等)；广播 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．No matter how your body reacts_to(对……作出反应) stress, ignoring the problem can have serious health results. 2．Hardly had Mike picked_up(捡起) the ball when another player took it from him. 3．Go_down_the_stairs(走下楼梯) right over there and you will see some signs of how to get into the underground garage. 4．Compared_to(与……相比) the whole size of the Earth, the biggest ocean in the world looks small. 5．As long as you have a dream, keep trying and you will make_it(成功).Remember, every journey begins with a single step. 6．I looked_through(仔细检查) my test paper again and again so that I wouldn't make any mistakes. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．动词­ing形式作状语 (1)Picking_up_a_free_newspaper(拿起一份免费报纸) at the Tube station, I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot！”．(Para.1) (2)Looking_through_my_newspaper(翻阅我的报纸的时候), I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.(Para.4)　 2．动词­ing形式作主语 Sure enough, going_down_the_stairs_and_onto_the_platform(走下楼梯，迈上站台) is like jumping into a volcano that's erupting.(Para.2)　 3．now that引导原因状语从句 Now_that_it's_hard_to_avoid_a_disaster_on_Earth(既然在地球上很难躲避灾难), perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space...(Para.4) 　　　　　　　 immediately adv.即刻，马上 conj.一……就…… 【经典例句】 (教材P84)I'll join a beginner's swimming class immediately. 我要马上参加一个初学者游泳班。 (1)immediate adj.　　 立即的，即刻的；迫切的 (2)意为“一……就……”的副词还有directly、instantly等，它们相当于as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute。 【单句语法填空/完成句子 】 (1)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He didn't recognise me immediately(immediate) when I said hello to him. (2)她一听到这个坏消息，就感到一阵悲伤，忍不住痛哭起来。 Immediately_she_heard_the_bad_news,_she felt a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly. 读后续写之情感描写 (3)我们应该立刻采取措施保护我们的历史文化遗产。 We should take_immediate_measures_to preserve our historic and cultural heritage.应用文写作之倡议书 　　　　　　　 look through 浏览，翻阅；仔细检查； 透过……看；看穿，识破 【经典例句】 (教材P84)Looking through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town. 翻阅报纸的时候，我被一组照片震惊到了，照片显示亚洲的一场台风摧毁了一座城镇。 look forward to　　　 期待，盼望(to为介词) look into 调查，研究 look out (for) 当心；注意 look back on 回忆，回顾 look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起 look up 查阅；抬头向上看；看望 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Looking back on the days when I was preparing for the competition, I'd like to express my gratitude to my teacher.应用文写作之感谢信 (2)(人教必修三U4)People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. (3)希望你会发现我的建议有帮助，盼望不久收到你的来信。 I hope you'll find my suggestions helpful and I'm_looking_forward_to_hearing_from_you_soon．应用文写作之建议信 (4)可以请你帮我仔细检查一下这篇论文并看看是否有明显的错误吗？ Would you please look_through_the_paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes? 应用文写作之求助信 　　　　　　　 occur v.发生，出现；存在于，出现在 【经典例句】 (教材P84)Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change. 专家称，这种恶劣天气是由气候变化导致的。 (1)sth.occurs/occurred to sb. 　　　　　　　 某事浮现在某人的脑海中； 某人想到某事 (2)It occurs/occurred to sb.that... 某人突然想到…… It occurs/occurred to sb. to do... 某人想到要做…… (3)occurrence n. 发生，出现；发生的事情； 存在的事物 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)(人教必修三U3)What a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred(occur) in 1906. (2)It occurred to me to_attend(attend) an important meeting when I was about to go home. (3)(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ读后续写)我感到非常沮丧和抱歉，尴尬的笑容悄悄地浮现在我的脸上。然后我想到了一个主意。 I felt so depressed and sorry, an embarrassed smile creeping into my face. Then an_idea_occurred_to_me．读后续写之情绪描写 (4)我突然想到，帮助别人是无价的，每个人都应该是一个救生员。 It_occurred_to_me_that helping others was priceless and everyone should be a lifeguard.读后续写之主旨升华 　　　　　　　 announcement n.通告，公告；宣布，宣告 【经典例句】 (教材P84)“The next station is Bank！” comes the announcement. “下一站，银行站！”播报声响起。 (1)make an announcement　 下通知；宣布 (2)announce vt. 宣布，宣告(决定、 计划等)；广播；通知 announce to sb.sth.＝announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布某事 announce that... 宣布…… It is announced that... 据称……； 据宣布…… (3)announcer n. 播音员，广播员 【单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子】 (1)(人教必修二U4)When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced(announce) that there were no audio guides left. (2)We were eager to hear the announcement(announce) of the winners of the race, our hearts pounding with anticipation and excitement. 读后续写之情绪描写 (3)It_was_announced_that(据宣布) millions of trees had been planted by the end of last year in this area for the protection of the environment. (4)当主持人宣布她获奖时，她兴奋得不能自已，脸上露出灿烂的笑容。 When_the_host_announced_that_she_won_the_prize,_great excitement took hold of her, her face lighting up with a brilliant smile. 读后续写之情绪描写 　　　　　　　 now that引导原因状语从句 【经典例句】 (教材P84)Now that it's hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space... 既然在地球上很难躲避灾难，或许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去…… now that意为“既然、由于”，与since同义，引导的从句通常表示显而易见的原因，语气较弱，且通常位于主句之前。now that在口语中可省略that。 (1)引导原因状语从句的连词还有：because(因为；语气较强，常用于回答why提出的问题)、since(既然、由于)、as(因为、由于；语气较弱)、for(因为；并列连词，位于主句之后)； (2)引导原因状语的介词短语有due to、owing to、on account of、because of、thanks to等。 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Since you're interested in China's classical culture, I will send a textbook and some related materials to you as soon as possible.应用文写作之告知信 (2)(人教必修三U4)High­end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration. (3)(译林必修三U4)Thanks to her discovery of qinghaosu, malaria patients all over the world now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. (4)It is because she can't get over her shyness that you can't persuade her to sing a song in public. (5)既然你是京剧的忠实爱好者，我相信你不想错过亲眼观看现场演出的机会。 Now_that/Since_you_are_a_great_lover_of_Peking_Opera,_I'm sure that you don't want to miss the chance to witness a live performance. 应用文写作之邀请信 Ⅰ.品句填词 1．All employees are paid $3 an hour plus(加) $1.50 for time worked on the weekend. 2．The airline made an announcement that the flight was delayed due to bad weather. 3．Last summer I reached the end of the rock garden and found a tiny plant that I could not immediately(立刻) recognize. 4．This volcano erupted three years ago and brought much trouble to people living nearby. 5．The fifth event, which occurred(发生) 66 million years ago, caused the death of the dinosaurs. 6．Natural disasters take many different forms and can happen without warning, causing significant damage to property and potential loss of life. Ⅱ.词块运用 1．More and more people moved_to(搬到) big cities in search of better job opportunities, education, and a higher standard of living. 2．It took me long to pick_up(接) my friend at the airport the other day because of traffic jam. 3．Looking_through(浏览) newspapers every day, you can keep up with the latest news and developments around the world. 4．You really shouldn't have reacted_to(对……作出反应) his comment on your work so violently. After_all(毕竟), he meant no harm to you. 5．Though it was cold, Lily managed to make_it(按时赶到) to school, arriving just in time for the important exam. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 Natural disasters, like floods and earthquakes, often bring great losses. 1.Now_that_they_can't_be_predicted(既然它们不能被预测；now that引导原因状语从句), 2.taking_preventive_measures(采取预防性措施；动词­ing形式作主语) is of great importance. 3.Facing_these_disasters(面对这些灾难；动词­ing形式作状语), people are constantly improving prevention awareness, working hard to minimize the damage. Moreover, when a disaster strikes, we should keep calm and try to save ourselves and help others.In a word, as long as we work together, the damage caused by natural disasters to humanity can be prevented and reduced. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $