Unit 4 2 Period 2 Reading and Thinking（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本高中英语讲义围绕太空探索发展历程这一核心，通过阅读理解题梳理文本主旨与细节，结合长难句语法分析、分层词汇（阅读、核心、拓展）及重点句型（如“not only...but also...”）学习，构建从输入到输出的完整学习支架。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与文化意识，如中国航天案例（神舟五号、天宫空间站）增强家国情怀，阅读理解推理题培养思维品质。课中分层词汇练习与句型解析辅助教师高效授课，课后练习题与语法总结帮助学生查漏补缺，提升自主学习能力。

Period 2　Reading and Thinking 　〈读文清障，文本助解释疑〉见分册本教材原文助读7(P15) What does the passage mainly talk about? A．The development of space exploration. B．The accidents in space exploration. C．The importance of space exploration. D．The vehicles used in space exploration. 答案：A 1．What do we know about Neil Armstrong? A．He was from the USSR. B．He was the first person to travel into space. C．He was in charge of launching the satellites. D.He was the first person to walk on the moon. 2．What can be inferred from Neil Armstrong's words? A.Neil Armstrong has made unbelievable achievements. B．It is easy for him to step onto the surface of the moon. C.Human beings have made a great breakthrough in history. D．In exploring space the US achieved more than the USSR. 3．Why do people still want to explore the universe despite the disasters? A．Because they want to show how advanced science is. B．Because they realize it is important to carry on space exploration. C.Because they provide continuous human presence in space. D.Because astronauts can work in the International Space Station. 4．How does the author support the theme of the passage? A．By giving examples. B．By stating arguments. C.By explaining statistical data. D．By providing research results. 答案：1～4.DCBA 1．Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life.(Para.1) [分析]　本句是并列复合句。and为并列连词；在第二个分句中，that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。 [翻译]　太空探索已经取得了长足进步，并且我们现在希望发现其他适合生命生存的行星。 2．After many experiments，they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity.(Para.2) [分析]　本句是复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。 [翻译]　很多次实验之后，他们成功制造出了能够摆脱地心引力的火箭。 3．China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003，when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.(Para.4) [分析]　本句是复合句。when引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的2003这一先行词作解释说明，when在从句中作时间状语。 [翻译]　2003年，杨利伟搭乘“神舟五号”飞船成功环绕地球轨道飞行，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。 4．Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.(Para.4) [分析]　本句中followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit是过去分词短语作状语；being sent to the moon是动词­ing形式作定语；to study its surface是动词不定式作目的状语。 [翻译]　之后，“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车抵达月球，开展对月球表面的研究。 5．Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.(Para.5) [分析]　本句是复合句。that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语；Despite为介词，意为“尽管，不管，不顾”＝in_spite_of/regardless_of。 [翻译]　尽管困难重重，科学家们仍希望做出更有价值的发现，使人类能够在未来更好地生存。 People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space.Before the mid­20th century，1.travelling(travel) into space was only a dream that could never come true.However，2.with the help of scientists, people succeeded in realising their dream 3.to_explore(explore) space.On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite 4.was_launched(launch) by the USSR.5.Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong, accidents can still happen.These disasters made everyone 6.disappointed(disappoint)，but people still believe in the importance of 7.carrying (carry) on space exploration.In 2003, China became the third country to 8.independently (independent) send humans into space.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed 9.a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk.In spite of the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable 10.discoveries(discovery) that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. 1．What does the title “SPACE：THE FINAL FRONTIER” mean to you? Share your ideas with the whole class. _____________________________________________ 2．If you are determined to be an astronaut, what should you do at present? _____________________________________________ 答案：Open answers. Ⅰ.阅读词汇·识记 选出与单词对应的汉语释义 1．giant adj.　　　　 A．舱；组件；模块 2．leap n. B．巨大的；伟大的 3．transmit vt.& vi. C．太空行走；太空行走的时间 4．spacecraft n. D．传输；发送 5．spacewalk n. E．航天器；宇宙飞船 6．jade n. F．跳跃；剧增；剧变 7．module n. G．玉；翡翠；玉器 答案：1～5.BFDEC　6～7.GA Ⅱ.核心词汇·练通 根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词 1．a famous astronaut 一位著名的宇航员 2．legal procedure 法律程序 3．rocket launcher 火箭发射器 4．law of gravity 引力定律 5．the final frontier 最后的边境 6．electric vehicle 电动汽车 7．weather satellite 气象卫星 8．launch a space probe 发射太空探测仪 9．The Earth orbits the Sun. 地球绕太阳运行。 10．common heritage of mankind 人类共同遗产 11．travel agency 旅行社 12．data collection 数据收集 13．a warning signal 一个警告信号 Ⅲ.拓展词汇·用活 根据提示写出相应的单词 1.mental ['mentl] adj.精神的；思想的→mentally adv.精神上地；智力上地 2．intelligent [In'telIdʒənt] adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligently adv.聪明地，明智地→intelligence n．智慧，智力 3．determined [dI'tɜːmInd] adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定→determination n．决心 4．disappointment [ˌdIsə'pɔIntmənt] n．失望；沮丧→disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的；令人沮丧的 5．desire [dI'zaIə(r)] n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→desired adj.渴望的，想要的→desirable adj.理想的；可取的 6．universe ['juːnIvɜːs] n．宇宙；天地万物→universal adj.普遍的，全体的，全世界的；普遍存在的，广泛适用的 7．independently [ˌIndI'pendəntli] adv.独立地；自立地→independent adj.独立的；自立的→independence n．独立 Ⅳ.重点短语·再现 根据语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语 1．They'll succeed_in(成功) working out the problem because they never give up. 2．The six astronauts on_board (在宇宙飞船上) will spend ten days in space. 3．Is the human race capable of carrying_on (继续) expanding and growing the same way that it is now? 4．He was studying in_the_hope_of(抱着……的希望) being admitted to an engineering college. 5．I'll get up early so_as_to(为了) be ready when you come. Ⅴ.重点句型·呈现 根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子 1．“not only...but (also)...”意为“不但……而且……” Astronauts not_only_had_to_learn_how_to_use_space_equipment,_but_also_had_to_do_a_lot_of_mental_and_physical_training (不但要学习如何使用太空设备，而且还要进行大量的身心训练). 2．动名词(短语)作主语 Before the mid­20th century, most people felt travelling_into_space(太空旅行) was only a dream that could never come true.(Para.2) 3．the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the_first_person_in_the_world_to_enter_space(世界上第一个进入太空的人).(Para.2) 4．“This/That is because...”意为“这/那是因为……” This_is_because_people_believe_in_the_importance_of_carrying_on_space_exploration(这是因为人们坚信继续太空探索的重要性) despite the huge risks.(Para.3) 5．现在分词(短语)作状语 This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly_furthering_our_understanding_of_the_universe (极大地增进了我们对宇宙的了解).(Para.4) determined　adj.坚决的；有决心的；意志坚定的 【经典例句】 ①(教材P40)However, scientists were determined to realise that dream. 然而，科学家们下定决心要实现这一梦想。 ②(译林必修二U4)The first step is to determine some of its significant qualities. 第一步是确定它的一些重要特质。 (1)be determined to do sth. 决心做某事(表示状态) (2)determine v. 查明；确定；决定 determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表示动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事 (3)determination n. 决心；决定 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)It is the astronaut's determination(determine) and patience that have enabled him to achieve a series of goals. (2)We determined to_work(work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time. (3)拿着奖杯，我对老师报以感激的微笑，决心比以前更加努力地练习写作。 →With the trophy in my hand，I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and was_determined_to_practise_writing_even_harder_than_before． →With the trophy in my hand，I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and determined_to_practise_writing_even_harder_than_before． →With the trophy in my hand，I cast a grateful smile to my teacher and determined_on/upon_practising_writing_even_harder_than_before． 读后续写之动作描写 launch　vt.& n．发射；发起；上市 【经典例句】 (教材P40)On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. 1957年10月4日，“斯普特尼克一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。 launch an activity　　　　　 发起一项活动 launch a satellite 发射一颗卫星 【语境辨义/单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.发射 (2)The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October.上市 (3)The campaign launched(launch)by our school aims to help the people in need. (4)政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。 The government launched_an_activity_to_raise_people's_awareness_of paying attention to our traditional cultures.应用文写作之传统文化 on board　在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 【经典例句】 (教材P40)And the International Space Station (1998)has provided a continuous human presence in space, with astronauts from many different countries on board.　国际空间站(1998年)上有许多来自不同国家的宇航员，使人类在太空中持续生存成为可能。 (1)board n.　　　　　 板(尤指木板) v. 上船(或火车、飞机、公共 汽车等) go on board 上船；上火车；上飞机 above board 光明正大的(地) boarding card 登机牌 (2)aboard adv. 在(船、飞机、火车等)上； 上(船、飞机、火车等) go/get aboard (the ship/plane/train) 上(船、飞机、火车) (3)abroad adv. 在国外；到国外 go abroad 出国 【完成句子】 (1)我是第一个出国深造的学生，因此我坚信自己适合这份工作。 I was the first student to go_abroad for further study, so I strongly believe that the job suits me.应用文写作之申请信 (2)飓风强劲，结果，船上的所有乘客都掉进河里，溺水而亡。 The hurricane was strong and as a result，all the passengers on_board/aboard fell into the river and were drowned to death. (3)半年前，谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了前往伦敦的飞机。 Six months ago, Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded/went_on_board/went_aboard a plane for London. disappointed　adj.失望的；沮丧的 【经典例句】 (教材P41)However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. 然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，探索宇宙的渴望却永不磨灭。 (1)be disappointed at/about/with/in/by... 对……感到失望 be disappointed to do sth. 对做某事感到失望 (2)disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 (3)disappointment n. 失望；沮丧 (much) to one's disappointment 使某人感到(非常)失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)Their disappointing son always makes them disappointed at his disappointing performance and they can hardly contain their disappointment．(disappoint) (2)He was disappointed at/about/with/in/by the decision made by the committee. (3)简既失望又无助，她跪了下来，悔恨的泪水从脸颊流淌了下来。 Disappointed_and_helpless，Jane knelt down, tears of regret streaming down her cheeks.读后续写之心理描写 (4)我失望地发现，我被分配到和这个竞争意识极强、态度极其严肃的家伙共事，我悲伤地低下了头。 I was_disappointed_to_find_that I was assigned to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow and I dropped my head in sadness.读后续写之心理描写 (5)令我失望的是，我的朋友一直和我保持距离。 →What_disappoints_me is that my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappoint v．) →To_my_disappointment,_my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappointment n．) →I_am_disappointed_that my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappointed adj.) →What_makes_me_disappointed is that my friend has kept me at a distance.(disappointed adj.) desire　n.渴望；欲望　vt.渴望；期望 【经典例句】 (外研必修三U5)Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expected to benefit from the result.　研究还表明，我们寻求冒险的渴望可能与我们期望从结果中获益的程度有关。 (1)have a desire (2)desire (...) to do sth. 希望/渴望(……)做某事 desire that...(should) do sth. 希望/渴望……(应该)做某事 (3)desirable adj. 可取的；值得拥有的 【单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译】 (1)The process is painful, but the result is desirable(desire). (2)She has a strong desire for knowledge and wants to go to college very much. (3)由于我很难适应新环境，我希望你能给我一些建议。 Since I have difficulty adapting to the new surroundings, I desire_you_to_offer me some suggestions.应用文写作之求助信 (4)我们渴望立刻援助那些被洪水围困的当地村民们。 →We desire_that_immediate_help_(should)_be_given_to_the_local_villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire v．) →We desire_to_give_immediate_help_to_the_local_villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire v．) →We have_a_desire_to_give_immediate_help_to_the_local_villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire n．) →We have_a_desire_that_immediate_help_(should)_be_given_to_the_local_villagers who have been trapped by the flood.(desire n．) independently　adv.独立地；自立地 【经典例句】 (教材P41)China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. 2003年，杨利伟搭乘“神舟五号”飞船成功环绕地球轨道飞行，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。 (1) independent adj.　　　 独立的；自立的 be independent from 独立于……之外 (2)independence n. 独立 gain independence from 脱离……获得独立 (3)depend v. 视……而定；信赖； 依靠 depend on/upon 依赖；依靠 【单句语法填空/完成句子】 (1)Instead of helping them from the very beginning, parents should leave their children to think independently(independent)about how to deal with the problems they encounter. (2) To gain independence(independent)from my parents, I would earn a living on my own. (3)无论何时我们遇到麻烦，我们总是依靠我们足智多谋的班主任给我们提供一些建议。 Whenever we are in trouble, we always depend_on_our_intelligent_class_teacher to offer us some suggestions. 　　　　　　　 signal　vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号； 示意　n．信号；标志 【经典例句】 (教材P41)In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signalled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.　2022年，“梦天舱”的发射标志着“天宫空间站”的基本建成。 (1)signal (to) sb. to do sth.　 示意某人做某事 signal (sb.) that... 示意(某人)…… signal...to sb. 向某人示意…… (2)a signal for... 一个……的信号 【语境辨义/单句语法填空】 (1)Timoteo has an unusual job—he is a human traffic signal.标志 (2)This was a signal for him to continue.信号 (3)Mandy started after him, signalling to Jesse to follow.示意 (4)This announcement signalled a clear change of policy.标志着 (5)The instructor signalled to us to_carry(carry) on with our experiment. (6)In our class, when the bell rang, it was a signal for everyone to stand up. so as to (do sth.)　为了；以便 【经典例句】 (教材P41)Despite the huge risks though, people will always continue to explore this final frontier so as to learn its secrets. 尽管存在巨大的风险，人们还是会继续探索这片最后的未知领域，以了解其奥秘。 in order to...　　　　　　 为了…… in order that/so that... 为了…… 【一句多译】 为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校于上周日组织了一场5公里越野跑比赛。 →Our school organised a 5 km cross­country running race last Sunday in_order_to/so_as_to_enrich_our_campus_lives． →Our school organised a 5 km cross­country running race last Sunday so_that/in_order_that_we_could_enrich_our_campus_lives． “not only...but (also)...”意为“不但……而且……” 【经典例句】 (教材P38)Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space equipment, but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training. 宇航员不但要学习如何使用太空设备，而且还要进行大量的身心训练。 (1)“not only...but (also)...”用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分时，着重强调后者；当其连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数遵循“就近一致”原则； (2)“not only...but (also)...”可连接两个并列的句子。若not only位于句首，其后面的句子要用部分倒装，but (also)后面的句子不倒装。 【单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级】 (1)Not only my friends but also I was(be) present at the conference yesterday. (2)在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”中，我不仅拓宽了自己的视野，而且还欣赏了两种灿烂的文明。 In the China­Ireland Cultural Festival, I have not_only_broadened_my_horizons_but_also_appreciated_the_two_splendid_civilizations． 应用文写作之活动感想 (3)在过去的几年里，我不仅在身体上成长了，而且在思想上也成熟了。 I have grown not_only_physically_but_also_mentally in the past few years. (4)A beautiful smile can not only make ourselves delighted but also enable others to feel pleased. →Not_only_can_a_beautiful_smile_make_ourselves_delighted,_but it can also enable others to feel pleased.(倒装句)读后续写之主旨升华 “This/That is because...”意为“这/那是因为……” 【经典例句】 ①(教材P41)This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为尽管风险巨大，人们还是坚信继续太空探索的重要性。 ②(外研必修二U2)That is why Letters from Father Christmas could be the perfect book for those who regard Christmas as a special time of year.　那就是为什么《圣诞老人的来信》这本书对于那些把圣诞节视作一年中特殊时刻的人来说是一本完美的书。 教材原句中“This is because...”意为“这是因为……”，强调原因。 This/That is why...　　 这/那就是为什么…… (强调结果) The reason why...is that... ……的原因是…… 【单句语法填空/一句多译】 (1)He got up late in the morning. That's why he didn't attend the meeting. (2)The boy failed the test.I knew that was because he didn't spend much time studying after class. (3)我不去派对的原因是我正在准备即将到来的国庆节表演。 →The reason why_I_won't_go_to_the_party_is_that I am preparing performances for the coming National Day. →I won't go to the party, that's_because I am preparing performances for the coming National Day. →I am preparing performances for the coming National Day, that's why_I_won't_go_to_the_party． Ⅰ.品句填词 1．My friend Li Ming had the desire(渴望) to make a robot himself as a child. 2．We have launched a series of campaigns so as to strengthen people's awareness of taking exercise. 3．Chest pains can be a warning signal of heart problems. 4．Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and mental health. 5．We made up our minds to carry on with two independent(独立的) studies. 6．The determined(意志坚定的) expression on his face suggested that he wouldn't give in. 7．There is some confusion about what the correct procedure(步骤) should be. 8．Early astronomers thought that our planet was the centre of the universe(宇宙). 9．Roy didn't do well in the exam, making his parents disappointed． 10．Our goal is to create a peaceful community with shared future for mankind． Ⅱ.词块运用 1．He succeeded_in (成功地) repairing the vehicle that broke down on the street. 2．The boat appeared a second time eight years later in the same spot, with all the six sailors alive on_board(在船上). 3．We have made approaches to them in_the_hope_of(抱着……的希望) establishing a business relationship. 4．If you carry_on(继续) working like that, you will break down sooner or later. 5．I have determined_on/upon(决定) going to the countryside after graduation. Ⅲ.根据汉语提示并使用本部分句式结构完成下面的小短文 Whether it is necessary to carry on space exploration has sparked a heated debate in our class. Different people hold different opinions. Some argue that it's not necessary. 1.Not_only_does_space_exploration_demand_a_large_amount_of_money_and_time,_but_it_also_causes_us_to_ignore_present_problems [太空探索不仅需要耗费大量的资金和时间，而且会导致我们忽视目前存在的问题；“not only...but (also)...”] that need urgent attention. However, other students think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. 2.This_is_because_space_exploration_promotes_the_development_of_our_society(这是因为太空探索促进了我们社会的发展；“This/That is because...”). For example, by analyzing data from space, scientists can provide farmers with reliable information, hence 3.improving_the_output_and_efficiency[提高产量和效率；现在分词(短语)作状语]. Space exploration is about pushing the boundaries of human beings with great rewards. Therefore, I firmly support space exploration, which is a symbol of a nation's comprehensive strength. China has been 4.the_first_country_to_build_a_space_station_independently(第一个独立建造空间站的国家；the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth.). I am firmly convinced that in the not­so­distant future, 5.travelling_freely_in_space[在太空中自由旅行；动名词(短语)作主语] will become a reality. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $