Unit 4 3 Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【学霸笔记·同步精讲】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语动词不定式作定语和状语这一核心语法点，先系统梳理不定式的一般式、完成式、进行式及其主动被动形式，再分述作定语（修饰名词、逻辑关系、特定名词后使用等）和作状语（目的、原因、结果及结构）的规则，最后通过练习与写作应用巩固，构建从形式到功能再到应用的完整学习支架。 该资料亮点在于结合教材例句（如太空探索主题）渗透文化意识，通过不定式与现在分词作结果状语的对比培养思维品质，练习题与写作结合提升语言能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后学生可通过练习查漏补缺，强化语法应用，助力语言能力与思维品质双提升。

Period 3　Discovering Useful Structures 动词不定式作定语和状语 一、动词不定式的各种形式 (1)(教材P40)Today, scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries.　如今，科学家们研制出飞行器将宇航员送入太空进行重大发现。 (2)We take it for granted that everyone should have the chance to be educated. 我们认为人人都应该有受教育的机会是理所当然的。 (3)We consider ourselves privileged to have been invited to give a speech here. 我们认为受邀到这里演讲是我们的荣幸。 (4)The boy pretended to be reading when the teacher came in. 老师进来时，男孩假装在看书。 主动语态 被动语态 意　义 一般式 to do to be done 表示动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后 完成式 to have done to have been done 表示动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前 进行式 to be doing 表示动作与谓语动词所表示的动作是同时发生的，而且正在进行 二、动词不定式作定语 (1)(教材P40)On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 (2)(教材P41)However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. 然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，探索宇宙的渴望却永不磨灭。 (3)He is known for his ability to speak four languages. 他以会说四种语言而闻名。 (4)He finally found a good house to live in. 他终于找到了一所好房子住。 1．动词不定式作定语时，修饰名词或代词，动词不定式和它所修饰的词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系、主谓关系、动状关系或同位关系，动词不定式位于所修饰的词之后。 2．动词不定式作定语可表示还未发生的动作。 3．序数词、形容词最高级或the last、the only、the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。 4．抽象名词attempt、ability、chance、desire、determination、decision、plan、way或不定代词something、nothing等后常用动词不定式作定语。 5．如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面应有相应的介词。 三、动词不定式作状语 (1)(教材P41)Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. 之后，“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车抵达月球，开展对月球表面的研究。 (2)They were very surprised to be informed of the news. 他们听到这个消息感到非常惊讶。 (3)Mr.Green hurried to the store, only to find it was closed. 格林先生匆忙赶到商店，结果发现它关门了。 动词不定式在句中作状语时，主要用来表示目的、原因及结果等。 1．作目的状语时，常置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语气，常与in order或so as组成短语(so as to do...不置于句首)。 2．作原因状语时，常见于“sb.＋be＋adj.＋to do...”结构中。 3．作结果状语时，常见于“too...to...”“enough to...”“so/such...as to...(如此……以至于……)”“only to do(表示意料之外的结果)”结构中。 现在分词(短语)作结果状语多表示自然而然的结果，即句子谓语和结果状语之间有直接的因果关系。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I'm sorry to_take(take) up so much of your valuable time. 2．I am honoured to_be_invited(invite) to give you a lecture here. 3．The plum trees are the first to_flower(flower) even as the snow is melting. 4．His ability to_get(get) on well with people is his chief advantage. 5．However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra to_benefit(benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense. 6．These courses offer us opportunities to_improve(improve) our abilities to appreciate art. 7．Yesterday I went to see her, only to_learn(learn) that she had gone abroad a week before. 8．In many homes in the UK, the first person to_wake(wake) up has to make tea for the family. 9．The airport to_be_completed(complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 10．We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to_develop(develop) and grow. 11．Carol was happy that she had the chance to_experience(experience) the life in the city. Ⅱ.写出下列句子中不定式的语法功能 1．Have you got anything to say at the meeting？作定语 2．The suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child.作结果状语 3．The whole family came out to see my performance.作目的状语 4．The best way to learn English is practice.作定语 5．You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday.作原因状语 6．The soil contains materials to keep the natural balance of the area.作定语 7．The father was surprised to learn that his son spent money like water.作原因状语 8．On land with rich soil，local farmers can grow crops to make a living.作目的状语 Ⅲ.语法与写作 1．他急急忙忙赶到售票处，却被告知已经没有票了。 He hurried to the ticket office, only to_be_told_no_ticket_was_available． 2．我建议我们下周再会面以进一步讨论这个项目。 I suggest we meet again next week to_discuss_the_project_further． 3．为了帮助同学们学好英语，我们已决定为你们学校捐赠一批图书。 To_help_students_to_learn_English_better,_we have decided to donate some books to your school. 4．我写信邀请你和我们一起参加将在我们学校举办的“外国学生讲中国故事”活动。 I'm writing to invite you to join us in the “Foreign Students Tell Chinese Stories” to_be_held_in_our_school． 5．明天出席开幕式的所有老师都应该穿制服。 All the teachers to_attend_the_opening_ceremony tomorrow should wear uniforms. 6．得知美术馆下个月将举办中国画展览，我写信申请当一名志愿者。 Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next month, I_am_writing_to_apply_to_become_a_volunteer． 7．去年寒假，我和父亲一起去乡下看望了我的祖父母。 During my last winter holiday, I went to the countryside with my father to_visit_my_grandparents． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $