Unit 5 Section Ⅱ “Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节 课时跟踪检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套练习word（外研版）

Section Ⅱ　“Understanding ideas”的新知学习环节 [课时跟踪检测] 第Ⅰ卷　语言基础训练 (一)单词拼写(5分) (1)He described the landing as a big step for human civilisation (文明). (2)Throughout history, people have been intrigued (引起好奇心) by the question of whether there is intelligent life elsewhere in the universe. (3)Astronomy (天文学) is the scientific study of the stars, planets, and other natural objects in space. (4)The road and the canal (运河) run parallel to each other. (5)The company's downfall (衰败) was caused by its manager's lack of responsibility and poor decision­making. (二)单句语法填空(10分) (6)They had much trouble in rescuing people buried (bury) in the building. (7)Years of fighting have left the area in ruins (ruin)． (8)After the victory, the soldiers sang and danced with abandon. (9)He just laughed and dismissed (dismiss) my proposal as unrealistic. (10)Despite the recession, the company is confident of further expansion (expand)． (三)选词填空(10分) at one's peak， in ruins， deal with， be buried in， abandon oneself to (11)He abandoned_himself_to sorrow when the news came that his son was badly injured in the accident. (12)With a history of more than 2,000 years, some of the sections of the Great Wall are now in_ruins or even have entirely disappeared. (13)Each time I passed by her office, the enterprising chairwoman was_buried_in her work. (14)During that special occasion，I dealt_with customers on the phone and rarely met them face to face. (15)Tourism is at_its_peak in August, with an average of 10,000 visitors per day. (四)完成句子(8分) (16)A severe earthquake destroyed almost everything, leaving_the_cities_in_ruins. 一场剧烈的地震几乎摧毁了一切，让城市沦为废墟。 (17)They_had_been_buried_under_the_earth_for_more_than_2,000_years before the Terracotta Warriors were discovered. 兵马俑在地下埋藏了2 000多年才被发现。 (18)Aimed_at_improving_the_students'_ability of listening and speaking, this activity is very popular. 这项活动旨在提高学生的听说能力，很受欢迎。 (19)Whatever_difficulties_lay_ahead,_she was determined to keep moving forward with a brave heart. 无论前方有什么困难，她都决心带着勇敢的心继续前进。 第Ⅱ卷　语篇综合训练 (标语篇配有教师讲评课件) (一)阅读理解 Mayan civilization was a Central American (Mesoamerican) civilization that covered one third of Central America. Mayan civilization is famous for its fully developed written language, striking art, huge architecture, and advanced mathematical and astronomical knowledge. These features came out of the Preclassic Period but reached their highest development in the Classic Period (250 to 900 AD). When it prospered (繁荣), it was one of the most densely populated and culturally active societies in the world. Mayan civilization was not one single empire, but rather many separate city­states which had a common cultural background. Strangely, after the Classic Period, these cities stopped to be centers of importance. Mayan culture continued and still exists today but in a rural setting. One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared. They were swallowed up by the tropical jungles. Travelers and scholars rediscovered them and have studied them only in the last two hundred years or so. In fact, scholars have debates about what happened, but some factors seem to be part of the explanation of why they disappeared. Toward the end there was large­scale, continuous warfare among the city­states. The rulers were highly competitive and made fierce wars on one another. Another factor considered is overpopulation. Scholars indicate that the Mayan population reached up to 200 people per square kilometer, among the highest in the pre­industrial world. Overpopulation led to overuse of the tropical forest, the source of their food. Research from the pollen (花粉) indicates that there was almost no tropical forest left. This led to damage to the environment of the area, further resulting in a lack of water and then drought. Thus warfare, overpopulation, overuse of resources, and destruction of the environment appear to be active factors involved in the disappearance of Mayan cities. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对玛雅城市消失原因的研究。 1．What is the function of the first paragraph? A．To present a different view. B．To provide the main topic. C．To lead in the main topic. D．To provide the text's road­map. 解析：选C　推理判断题。由文章第一段可知，这里主要介绍玛雅城市曾经的繁荣，而下文讨论该城市消失的原因，所以第一段起引出主题的作用。 2．Which of the following has puzzled Mayan scholars? A．The disappearance of Mayan cities. B．The continuation of Mayan culture. C．The city­states' cultural background. D．The creation of Mayan civilization. 解析：选A　细节理解题。由文章第二段“One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared.”可知，玛雅城市的消失让玛雅学者感到困惑。 3．What was the consequence of overuse of the tropical forest? A．Serious flood.　　　 B．Overpopulation. C．Continuous wars. D．Food shortage. 解析：选D　推理判断题。由文章第三段“Scholars indicate that ... Overpopulation led to overuse of the tropical forest, the source of their food.”可推知，对热带森林的过度使用导致了玛雅人食物的减少，从而导致他们的消亡。 4. What is the best title for this text? A．The Fall of Mayan Cities B．The Golden Age of Mayan Cities C．Tropical Jungles and Mayan Civilization D．Mayan Civilization in the Classic Period 解析：选A　标题归纳题。通读全文，特别是第二段中“One question that interests scholars is why these cities just disappeared.”以及最后一段可知，文章主要介绍了对玛雅城市消失原因的研究，所以A项“The Fall of Mayan Cities(玛雅城市的衰落)”最适合作文章标题。 (二)完形填空 Ciudad Perdida, Colombia's “Lost City”， is older than Machu Picchu. There are no trains or buses allowing of __5__ travels to reach its ruins.The remote place is only __6__ on foot: a tiring multi­day hike. Despite this, I couldn't __7__ the opportunity to visit Ciudad Perdida.12 other hikers and I went there in __8__ with a licensed guide.The dirt path, which __9__ through towering palms and dangling vines (藤蔓), proved __10__ right from the start. Along the way we also met the __11__. They have been left undisturbed for centuries and there's a deep __12__ between them and the land. The next morning, we were off early to __13__ the heat, but high temperatures and muscle pain had already __14__ by the time we reached the final stage — 1,200 stone steps to __15__. After finally lifting my painful body up the long flight of stairs, my eyes rested on the scene that had __16__ the backbreaking journey: Ciudad Perdida. I looked down and wondered at the beautiful site below.While the return trip included __17__ the mental hurdle (障碍) of having already accomplished our goal, the experience is the one I would do __18__. It is the difficulty that makes the journey a more __19__ one.Earned views are always better. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。哥伦比亚的“失落之城”佩尔迪达城比马丘比丘还要古老。作者在导游的带领下和其他徒步旅行者历经千辛万苦抵达这座城市，一睹其神秘面貌，收获满满。 5．A.long　　　　　　　　 B．endless C．frequent D．easy 解析：选D　根据下文中的“on foot: a tiring multi­day hike”可知，到那里需要步行且需要花费几天时间。由此可知，没有火车或公共汽车，无法轻易到达这座城市的遗址。 6．A.impressive B．accessible C．worthwhile D．dangerous 解析：选B　到达这个偏远地方的唯一方式是步行。accessible“可到达的”。 7．A.resist B．obtain C．promote D．find 解析：选A　根据下文提到作者进行了这次旅行可知，此处表示尽管有这个(困难)，作者还是无法拒绝参观佩尔迪达城的机会。 8．A.company B．combination C．harmony D．communication 解析：选A　作者和另外12个徒步旅行者在导游的陪同下前往那里。in company with“与……一起”。 9．A.buried B．spread C．spun D．wound 解析：选D　这条土路蜿蜒曲折，穿过高耸的棕榈树和悬挂的藤蔓。wind意为“蜿蜒，曲折而行”。 10．A.disappointing B．embarrassing C．challenging D．amazing 解析：选C　根据语境可知，这条土路从一开始就颇具挑战性(challenging)。 11．A.natives B．visitors C．guides D．drivers 解析：选A　根据下文的“They have been left undisturbed for centuries”可知，作者他们在路上遇到了当地人(natives)。 12．A.similarity B．distinction C．bond D．belief 解析：选C　几个世纪以来，他们不曾被打扰，与这片土地有着深厚的关系(bond)。 13．A.reduce B．beat C．test D．feel 解析：选B　根据空前的“we were off early to”和空后的“but high temperatures”可知，此处表示作者他们趁着天不热早早出发。beat意为“避免，逃避”。 14．A.watched out B．cut off C．set in D．given in 解析：选C　当作者他们到达最后一段路程的时候，气温开始上升，浑身肌肉开始(set in)酸疼。watch out“小心，注意”；cut off“剪掉，中断”；give in“屈服，让步”。 15．A.construct B．pick C．cover D．explore 解析：选C　这段路需要走完1 200阶石阶。cover“行走(一段路程)”。 16．A.convinced B．predicted C．motivated D．simplified 解析：选C　最终，作者的目光落在了佩尔迪达城的景色上，而这正是作者进行这次艰苦旅行的原因。motivate“成为……的动机，是……的原因”。 17．A.overcoming B．memorizing C．observing D．fixing 解析：选A　尽管返程需要克服(overcoming)他们因完成目标而懈怠的心理障碍，作者还是愿意再经历一次。 18．A.otherwise B．again C．though D．instead 解析：选B　根据语境可知，作者还是愿意再进行一次这样的旅行。 19．A.rewarding B．sensitive C．popular D．flexible 解析：选A　根据作者这次旅行的经历和最后作者的感悟“Earned views are always better.”可知，困难让这次旅行变得更有意义(rewarding)。 (三)语法填空(15分)() Chinese experts__20__ (discover) and identified six Late Paleolithic sites in Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County, Northeast China's Liaoning Province, since the launch of China's fourth national cultural relics census (统计)． The sites are__21__ (primary) located in Nanzamu and Shangjiahe townships, mostly situated on third­level terraces or hillsides near abundant water sources. A__22__(various) of stone tools have been collected from these sites, including flake tools, scrapers, disc­shaped cores and a small number of other__23__ (instrument)． “These new discoveries provide fresh insights__24__ the distribution and activities of ancient humans in the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River，” said a member of Fushun's fourth cultural relics census expert team. Zhao Hailong, a professor at the School of Archaeology and Museology at Liaoning University, mentioned that__25__ series of discoveries fill the essential gap in the record of Paleolithic sites along the middle and upper reaches of the Hunhe River. “They offer us important evidence，__26__ helps us to understand ancient humans' strategies for using and developing stone tool materials, their __27__ (technology) levels and cultural interactions in this region，” Zhao said. Among the discoveries is one site at Langtougou in southern Xinbin, where the team leader found a finely crafted stone tool. These grayish­blue stones，__28__ (mark) with deep or shallow flake scars, are rounded and easy to grasp, making them well­suited for everyday tasks such as cutting or scraping. The discovery of Langtougou enables archaeologists __29__ (know) about the lives of people at that time. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国专家在辽宁发现六处旧石器时代遗址。 20．have discovered　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“since the launch of China's fourth national cultural relics census” (自中国第四次全国文物普查启动以来)可知，空处应用现在完成时。句子主语Chinese experts是复数形式，因此助动词用have。故填have discovered。 21．primarily　考查副词。空处修饰动词located (位于)，应用副词primarily，意为“主要地”，符合语境。故填primarily。 22．variety　考查名词。a variety of是固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”，此处需要用名词形式。故填variety。 23．instruments　考查名词复数。other (其他的)后接可数名词时，该名词通常用复数形式。instrument是可数名词，其复数形式是instruments，符合语境中“少量其他工具”的表达。故填instruments。 24．into　考查介词。provide insights into ...是固定搭配，意为“为……提供见解”，此处需要用介词into。故填into。 25．a　考查冠词。a series of是固定搭配，意为“一系列的”，此处需要用不定冠词a。故填a。 26．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是evidence(证据)，指物，且空处在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 27．technological　考查形容词。空处修饰名词levels(水平)，应用形容词technological，意为“技术的”，technological levels表示“技术水平”。故填technological。 28．marked　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词stones (石头)，mark(标记)与stones之间是被动关系，即石头被标记，因此用过去分词marked作定语。故填marked。 29．to know　考查非谓语动词。enable sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，此处需要用动词不定式to know作宾语补足语。故填to know。 (四)主题微写作(15分) 选用以下词汇写一个英语片段，描述你“探索未知”的一次经历。词数60左右。 civilisation，bury，canal，tropical，downfall，ruin，fall into ruin， abandon， dismiss， expansion， all the more，at its peak，play a part in　 __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ 参考范文： Deep in the tropical jungle, I discovered the ruins of an ancient civilisation. Once at its peak, its expansion was halted by downfall, leaving it to fall into ruin. The canal system, now buried under vines, hinted at its past glory. Locals dismissed the site as myth, but I felt all the more drawn to uncover its secrets. Though abandoned, the city seemed to play a part in whispering forgotten histories through the rustling leaves. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $