Unit 5 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2025-2026学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（外研版）

Unit 5　Into the unknown Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础过关练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Because it covered only two square miles, by the end of the war the village was largely in 　　　　　 (ruin).  2.In this way we can better apply theory 　　　　　 practice to solve the conventional problems.   3.During the 　　　　　 (expand) of their companies, entrepreneurs are responsible for several important tasks in addition to cash generation.  4.The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel 　　　　　 (abandon).  5.(2024天津3月) My reaction to the renewed reading no longer corresponded 　　　　　 the original experience, and I was no longer sure that I recognized myself as the same reader.  6.(2025广东部分学校联考)　　　　　 its peak, the uplifting, clear tunes of Tianshange were also sung beyond fields as leisure activities or at gatherings.  7.If you don􀆳t want to become an adult 　　　　　 (bury) in the sofa all day long, pull yourself out of it when you are still a teenager.  8.(2025江苏无锡阶段测试)The parents felt vexed at their son when he 　　　　　 (dismiss) by the boss.  Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) on top of; apply to; all the more; fall into ruin; be intrigued by Ancient civilizations often face challenges that cause them to 1.　　　　　　. 2.　　　　　　 natural disasters, wars and poor maintenance accelerate their decline. However, their achievements in art and science make their legacy 3.　　　　　　 valuable today. These lessons still 4.　　　　　　 modern societies, reminding us to protect our cultural heritage.  Ⅲ.完成句子 1.当他到达终点线时,大家激动地欢呼起来,尽情地挥舞着双臂。(abandon) When he reached the finishing line, everyone cheered excitedly and 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—场景描写)  2.我写信向我们学校英语协会申请志愿者工作,我认为我能够胜任该工作。(apply) I􀆳m writing 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　to our school English association, which I think I am qualified for.  3.她埋头工作,没注意到外面在下雨。(一句多译) ①　　　　 　　　　 her work, she didn􀆳t notice it was raining outside.(concentrate)   ②　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 her work, she didn􀆳t notice it was raining outside.(bury)  能力提升练 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 Maya civilisation　1　(surround) by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. The Maya built　2　(impress) palaces and temples. 　3　 is most extraordinary about these structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. Besides, the Maya applied their understanding of mathematics and astronomy 　4　 the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year. On top of all this was a true writing system, which contained more than 800 characters, with some signs 　5　 (represent) syllables. It was so complicated that nobody has been able to interpret it 　6　(complete) up to now.   By 700 AD, Maya civilisation was at its peak, but it began to mysteriously decline within a couple of　7　 (generation). Some research seems　8　(indicate) that the Maya people 　9　 (they) may have played a role in their downfall, while some suggests natural disasters may have caused the decline. 　10　 the reasons, Maya civilisation largely disappeared within the deep jungle.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   Ⅱ.语法填空 (2025四川成都期中) Dunhuang comprises the world-famous Mogao Grottoes, which can be compared　1　 a vibrant tapestry (挂毯) woven from art, religions, and trade.  Devoted scholars and researchers have attempted　2　 (explore) the secrets hidden within the Mogao Grottoes. Their decades of painstaking efforts 　3　 (bring) this ancient cultural heritage back to life, revealing countless murals and Buddhist statues. These archaeological experts work day in and day out, neither stopped by the harsh desert environment 　4　 discouraged by the complex research tasks. Their efforts not only preserve the caves but also uncover clues to Dunhuang􀆳s role as a bridge connecting diverse 　5　 (civilization).  　6　 makes the story of Dunhuang 　7　 (true) remarkable is its longstanding history and profound cultural significance. Closely 　8　 (associate) with the Silk Road, Dunhuang was a vital trade and cultural center in ancient times.  　9　 is our responsibility to recreate the former glory of Dunhuang and better preserve the invaluable heritage, so ambitious teams of restorers and digital artists are now working together, using innovative techniques at the cutting edge of technology. Through 3D scanning and virtual reality, the 　10　 (preserve) of Dunhuang spins new narratives about Dunhuang.  1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　   6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　   Ⅲ.阅读理解 A (2025山东菏泽期中) A 12-minute piece of music composed by Mozart has been discovered in a library in Germany. Researchers think the composer wrote the previously unknown piece—called Serenade in C—when he was a young teenager. The composition was found in the holdings of Germany􀆳s Leipzig Municipal Libraries—some 280 miles north of Salzburg, Austria, where Mozart was born in 1756. Although Mozart wrote this piece when he was only a teenager, it was not uncommon for him to write music in his childhood. Mozart set out to perform around Austria from the age of five and shortly afterwards became famous as a composer. Mozart probably wrote the recently discovered composition between the mid and late 1760s, according to a statement from the Leipzig Municipal Libraries. Library researchers were compiling (编辑) an edition of the Köchel catalog, a collection of Mozart􀆳s works, when they came across a mysterious bound manuscript (装订好的手稿) containing a handwritten composition in brown ink. The composition is thought to have been written by Mozart. The handwriting, however, is not Mozart􀆳s, suggesting that the manuscript is a copy of the original composition. The researchers think it was made around 1780. The researchers say the music fits stylistically with his other works from the 1760s, when Mozart was between the ages of 10 and 13. The young composer was no longer creating pieces that sounded like this one by the time he was in his late teens. In his early years, Mozart wrote many chamber works like Serenade in C, which his father recorded on a list of his son􀆳s compositions. Many of these works were thought to have been lost to history. Luckily, this particular piece was saved—thanks to the composer􀆳s sister. “It looks as if a complete string trio (三重奏) has survived in Leipzig,” Leisinger, a worker from the International Mozarteum Foundation, says. “The source was obviously Mozart􀆳s sister, who perhaps preserved the work in memory of her brother.” 1.What does the second paragraph intend to show about Mozart? A.His talent at a young age. B.His connection to Salzburg. C.His preference for performing. D.His popularity all around the world. 2.On what basis do the researchers date Serenade in C? A.The title of the composition. B.The style of the composition. C.The number in the Köchel catalog. D.The color of the ink used in the copy. 3.Why is Mozart􀆳s sister mentioned? A.She had a positive influence on Mozart. B.She was the first to perform Serenade in C. C.She helped Mozart compose Serenade in C. D.She was the person who preserved Serenade in C. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Mozart􀆳s Works Need Updating B.Mozart􀆳s Works Attract New Attention C.A Lost Mozart Composition Was Discovered D.Researchers Uncovered the Early Life of Mozart B (2024重庆巴蜀中学期中) When British archaeologist Howard Carter opened King Tut􀆳s tomb(坟墓), it was full of gold and other valuables. When he and his team then attempted to remove King Tut􀆳s mummy(木乃伊), they did a great deal of damage to the mummy. Decades later, in 1968, experts conducted an examination of King Tut􀆳s mummy using simple X-ray technology. Three important discoveries led to various theories about his death. First, the X-rays showed that bones in Tut􀆳s chest were missing. Some guessed the damage was caused by a war injury or an accident. Plus, there was a small hole in the back of the skull(头骨), and pieces of bones were inside it, causing many to believe that Tut was killed by a blow on the back of the head. Was he murdered by people wanting to take control of Egypt? Finally, a serious broken bone was discovered on Tut􀆳s left leg. Tut was hurt a few hours before his death. This could have been the result of an accident. Could an infection from the injury have killed Tut? In 2005, scientists under the direction of Zahi Hawass used new X-ray technology to study the mummy. They discovered that the damage to Tut􀆳s chest was caused by Howard Carter, and that the hole in Tut􀆳s skull was made when the body was getting ready for burial. While this ruled out the theory of murder, it still didn􀆳t tell us exactly how he died. Then, in 2008, when Hawass and his team analyzed the DNA of the mummies in other tombs nearby, they made some shocking discoveries. They found Tut􀆳s father and mother, who had similar DNA, were actually brother and sister. The DNA they passed on to Tut might have made it easy for him to catch a disease. Did an infection that started in his broken leg cause his death? No one knows for sure. But Hawass and his team hope they will someday have an answer to this age-old mystery. 5.Why was the examination of King Tut􀆳s mummy conducted in 1968? A.To determine the cause of Tut􀆳s death. B.To assess the condition of Tut􀆳s coffin. C.To discover the identity of Tut􀆳s parents. D.To study the treasures found in Tut􀆳s tomb. 6.What do we know about the damage to Tut􀆳s skull? A.It was caused by an accident. B.It was caused during burial preparation. C.It was caused by a blow on the head. D.It was caused by Howard Carter􀆳s team. 7.What does the discovery of Tut􀆳s parents imply? A.Tut􀆳s broken leg had little to do with his DNA. B.Tut􀆳s DNA features might have been common. C.Tut􀆳s death was closely connected to their DNA. D.Tut􀆳s health was probably affected by their shared DNA. 8.What is the author􀆳s purpose in writing this passage? A.To analyze the cultural significance of King Tut􀆳s tomb. B.To entertain readers with tales of ancient Egyptian royalty. C.To inform readers about the discoveries surrounding King Tut􀆳s death. D.To persuade readers to follow further research into King Tut􀆳s life and death. 答案与分层梯度式解析 Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础过关练 Ⅰ.1.ruins　考查名词的数。句意: 因为这个村庄占地只有两平方英里,到战争结束时,它基本上成了废墟。in ruins为固定搭配,表示“成为废墟”。故填ruins。 2.to　考查介词。句意:这样我们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去解决常规问题。由句意可知,此处使用的是固定搭配“apply...to...”,表示“把……应用到……中”。故填to。 3.expansion　考查名词。句意:在公司扩张的过程中,除了创造现金之外,企业家们还负责几项重要的任务。根据空前的the和空后的of可知空处应用名词。the expansion of...意为“……的扩张”。故填expansion。 4.abandoned　考查过去分词。句意:新环境中的一方应该对你的朋友可能感到被抛弃的事实表示赞同。根据语境可知,设空处表示“被抛弃”,空前的feel为系动词,设空处应用过去分词作表语。故填abandoned。 5.to/with　考查介词。句意:我对重新阅读的反应不再与最初的体验相符,我对将自己看成是同一个读者也不再确定。根据语境可知,此处使用的是动词短语“correspond to/with”,表示“与……相一致/相符”。故填to或with。 6.At　考查介词。此处表示“在其鼎盛时期”,at one􀆳s peak为固定搭配。故填At。 7.buried　考查过去分词。此处为非谓语动词短语作定语修饰adult。be buried in为固定搭配,此处作后置定语,应填buried。 8.was dismissed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:父母因为儿子被老板开除而生他的气。分析句子成分可知,设空处在when引导的从句中作谓语,从句主语he与dismiss之间为被动关系且动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态,he为第三人称单数,故填was dismissed。 Ⅱ.1.fall into ruin　2.On top of　3.all the more 4.apply to Ⅲ.1.waved their arms with abandon 2.to apply for the volunteer job 3.①Concentrating on　②Burying herself in 能力提升练 Ⅰ.1.has been surrounded　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。由时间状语“since its rediscovery in the 19th century”可知应用现在完成时;主语Maya civilisation与surround之间是被动关系,因此应用现在完成时的被动语态;civilisation在此处是不可数名词,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been surrounded。 2.impressive　考查形容词。设空处修饰空后的名词短语palaces and temples,应用形容词。故填impressive。 3.What　考查名词性从句。分析句子可知,“　3　 is most extraordinary about these structures”为设空处引导的主语从句,从句中缺少主语,设空处表示“……的事物”,故填What。   4.to　考查介词。apply...to...是固定搭配,意为“把……应用到……中”。故填to。 5.representing　考查现在分词。分析句子可知,“with some signs 　5　 syllables”是with的复合结构;宾语some signs与represent之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词。故填representing。  6.completely　考查副词。设空处修饰动词interpret,应用副词。故填completely。 7.generations　考查名词复数。generation在此处意为“一代,一辈”,是可数名词,由空前的a couple of可知应用名词复数。故填generations。 8.to indicate　考查动词不定式。seem to do sth.意为“似乎做某事”,动词不定式作表语。故填to indicate。 9.themselves　考查反身代词。分析句子可知,设空处作the Maya people的同位语,表示“他们自己”,应用反身代词。故填themselves。 10.Whatever　考查让步状语从句。分析句子并结合语境可知,“　10　 the reasons”为设空处引导的让步状语从句,设空处表示“无论什么”,故填Whatever。  Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了敦煌莫高窟的历史价值、文化意义以及现代保护措施。 【高频词汇】　1.comprise v.包含;构成　2.vibrant adj.充满活力的　3.painstaking adj.辛苦的　4.harsh adj.艰苦的;恶劣的　5.invaluable adj.无价的;宝贵的 6.innovative adj.革新的;新颖的 知识拓展 1987年,敦煌莫高窟被列入《世界遗产名录》。敦煌莫高窟与山 西大同云冈石窟、河南洛阳龙门石窟、甘肃天水麦积山石窟并称为 四大名窟。 1.to　考查介词。句意:敦煌包含了举世闻名的莫高窟,莫高窟可以被比作一幅由艺术、宗教和贸易编织而成的充满活力的挂毯。be compared to为固定搭配,意为“被比作……”,to是介词。故填to。 易错归因 　　此题容易误填with,be compared with表示“与……相比较”,而be compared to可表示“被比作……”,二者意思有区别。 2.to explore　考查动词不定式。句意:热忱的学者和研究人员试图探索隐藏在莫高窟内的秘密。attempt to do sth.是固定短语,意为“试图做某事”。故填to explore。 3.have brought　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:他们数十年的辛苦努力让这一古老的文化遗产重获生机,展示了无数的壁画和佛像。根据Their decades of painstaking efforts可知,此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响,应用现在完成时;主语efforts是名词复数,助动词用have。故填have brought。 4.nor　考查固定搭配。句意:这些考古专家日复一日地工作,既没有被恶劣的沙漠环境阻挡,也没有因复杂的研究任务而气馁。neither...nor...是固定搭配,意为“既不……也不……”。故填nor。 5.civilizations　考查名词的数。句意:他们的努力不仅保护了这些洞窟,还揭示了敦煌作为连接不同文明的桥梁所发挥的作用的线索。由语境及空前的diverse可知,空处用名词civilization的复数形式。故填civilizations。 6.What　考查主语从句。句意:真正让敦煌的故事引人注目的是它悠久的历史和深刻的文化意义。空处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,指代事物,需用连接代词what引导,位于句首,首字母大写。故填What。 7.truly　考查副词。空处修饰形容词remarkable,需用副词作状语,truly意为“真正地”。故填truly。 8.associated　考查非谓语动词。句意:敦煌与丝绸之路紧密相连,是古代一个至关重要的贸易和文化中心。句中已有谓语,空格处用非谓语动词。Dunhuang和associate之间是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作状语,表被动。故填associated。 9.It　考查it作形式主语。句意:重现敦煌昔日的辉煌并更好地保护这一珍贵的遗产是我们的责任,因此雄心勃勃的修复人员和数字艺术家团队现在正在合作,运用处于技术前沿的创新技术。“It is+名词+to do sth.”是固定句型。此处应用it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语“to recreate the...heritage”,设空处位于句首,首字母需大写。故填It。 10.preservation　考查名词。由空前的the和空后的of可知,空处用名词作主语,preserve的名词形式是preservation,意为“保护”,是不可数名词。故填preservation。 Ⅲ. A ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了在德国一家图书馆发现了一首由莫扎特创作的、之前不为人知的音乐作品,并介绍了该作品的发现过程、对其创作时间的推测以及相关背景信息。 【高频词汇】　1.compose v.作曲;组成 composer n.作曲家 composition n.(音乐)作品　2.previously adv.先前地;以前地　3.original adj.原作的;最初的　4.preserve v.保存;保护　5.in memory of为了纪念 【差距词汇】　stylistically adv.在文体上 1.A　推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容可知,莫扎特创作这首曲子时是青少年,但他童年就开始创作并且从五岁起就在奥地利各地演出,不久后以作曲家的身份出名。由此可以推测,莫扎特年轻时就非常有音乐天赋,所以第二段旨在展示莫扎特年轻时的天赋。故选A。 2.B　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“The researchers...fits stylistically with his other works from the 1760s...10 and 13.”可知,研究人员认为从风格上看,这首曲子与18世纪60年代莫扎特10到13岁时的其他作品相符,所以研究人员是根据曲子的风格来确定其创作时间的。故选B。 3.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Luckily, this particular piece was saved—thanks to the composer􀆳s sister.”以及“The source was obviously Mozart􀆳s sister, who perhaps preserved the work in memory of her brother.”可知,提到莫扎特的姐姐是因为她是保存《C大调小夜曲》的人。故选D。 4.C　主旨大意题。本文的结构如下图所示: 根据篇章结构图可知,文章主要讲述的是一首曾失传的莫扎特的乐曲被发现的事情,C项“A Lost Mozart Composition Was Discovered(莫扎特的一首失传的乐曲被发现了)”准确概括了文章的主要内容,作为标题最合适,故选C。 B ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于古埃及法老图坦卡蒙死因的新发现。 【高频词汇】　1.attempt v.努力;试图;尝试　2.missing adj.找不到的;丢失的;缺少的　3.pass on...to...把……传给/转交给…… 【差距词汇】　1.valuables n.贵重物品　2.rule out把……排除在外;认为……不适合 5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Decades later, in 1968, experts conducted an examination of King Tut􀆳s mummy...Three important discoveries led to various theories about his death.”可知,1968年对图坦卡蒙的木乃伊进行检查是为了确定图坦卡蒙的死因。故选A。 6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They discovered that...the hole in Tut􀆳s skull was made when the body was getting ready for burial.”可知,图坦卡蒙头骨的损伤是在准备埋葬时造成的。故选B。 7.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They found Tut􀆳s father and mother, who had similar DNA, were actually brother and sister. The DNA they passed on to Tut might have made it easy for him to catch a disease.”可推断,关于图坦卡蒙父母的发现表明他的健康很可能受到他们共同DNA的影响。故选D。 8.C　推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第二段中的“Three important discoveries led to various theories about his death.”可推断,文章的写作目的是告诉读者关于图坦卡蒙之死的发现。故选C。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $