Unit 3 Section Ⅰ“Reading and Thinking”的课文习读环节 课时跟踪检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套练习word（人教版）

Section Ⅰ“Reading and Thinking”的课文习读环节 [课时跟踪检测]　　　(标语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A The deep sea, an unseen world lying beneath the surface of the oceans, holds countless mysteries and wonders waiting to be discovered. Only a fraction of this vast underwater realm has been explored, leaving much of it a complete unknown. One of the most fascinating aspects of the deep sea is its biodiversity. Despite the extreme conditions, such as the pressure of water at depths of several kilometers and the near－freezing temperatures, life has found a way to thrive. From bioluminescent (生物发光的) creatures that light up the darkness to giant squid with eyes as big as dinner plates, the deep sea is a treasure trove of unique species. Scientists have discovered that many deep－sea creatures have adapted to their harsh environment in remarkable ways. For example, some fish have developed transparent skulls to allow more light to reach their eyes, enabling them to see in the dimly lit depths. Others have evolved to have no eyes at all, relying instead on other senses such as smell and touch to navigate and hunt. In addition to its biodiversity, the deep sea also plays a crucial role in the Earth's ecosystems. It is a major carbon sink, absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it in the form of calcium carbonate in the shells of organisms like plankton and mollusks. This process helps to regulate the Earth's climate and mitigate the impacts of global warming. However, the deep sea is not immune to the impacts of human activities. Fishing, mining, and pollution all pose threats to this fragile ecosystem. Overfishing can deplete the populations of deep－sea species, disrupting their food chains and potentially leading to broader ecological impacts. Mining activities can cause physical damage to the seabed, while pollution can contaminate the water and harm marine life. As we continue to explore and learn more about the deep sea, it is crucial that we do so responsibly. By understanding and protecting this hidden world, we can ensure that its wonders remain intact for future generations to marvel at and learn from. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了深海作为海洋表面之下的未知世界，蕴含着无数奥秘，目前大部分区域尚未被探索。深海对调节气候意义重大，因此我们在探索深海时需采取负责任的态度，以保护这一神秘世界。 1．What makes the deep sea a fascinating place for scientists? A．Its high temperatures and low pressure. B．The lack of light and extreme conditions. C．The variety of unique species that live there. D．The abundance of resources available for mining. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段“One of the most fascinating ...of unique species. ”可知，深海最吸引人的方面之一是其生物多样性。该段提到发光生物、巨型乌贼等各种独特的物种，这说明丰富多样的独特物种使深海对科学家来说是一个迷人的地方。故选C。 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation of deep－sea creatures? A．Transparent skulls to enhance vision. B．Complete absence of eyes. C．Ability to produce their own light. D．Using electric fields to navigate. 解析：选D　根据第二段“bioluminescent (生物发光的) creatures that light up the darkness”和第三段“some fish have ...navigate and hunt”可知，透明头骨以增强视觉和完全无眼睛以及自身拥有发光能力等适应性特征文中均有提及，D项(利用电场导航)未提到，故选D。 3．What role does the deep sea play in regulating the Earth's climate? A．It stores carbon dioxide in the form of calcium carbonate. B．It absorbs heat from the atmosphere and distributes it evenly. C．It produces oxygen through photosynthesis. D．It reflects sunlight back into space. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段“It is a major carbon sink ... of global warming.”可知，深海是一个主要的碳汇，它将从大气中吸收的大量二氧化碳以碳酸钙的形式储存在浮游生物和软体动物等生物的外壳中，这一过程有助于调节地球气候。故选A。 4．What is the author's main message in the article? A．We should stop exploring the deep sea to protect it. B．The deep sea is too fragile to be explored responsibly. C．Understanding and protecting the deep sea is crucial for future generations. D．The wonders of the deep sea are too amazing to be believed. 解析：选C　主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文开篇介绍了深海的神秘及生物多样性等特点，接着说明深海在地球生态系统中的重要作用，然后指出人类活动对深海生态系统造成威胁，最后一段强调理解和保护深海对子孙后代至关重要。由此可知，C项是作者的主要观点。故选C。 B Scientists have discovered the world's largest known field of sea grass.They did it using videos shot by some unusual helpers：tiger sharks.The work should help protect the sea grass，and also shows off a powerful way to explore the ocean. Sea grasses are flowering plants that normally grow in shallow waters near coasts.They grow in thick fields, known as meadows (草地)．Sea grass meadows help clean the ocean's water, and provide food and shelter for many sea creatures.Sea grasses store huge amounts of carbon — the harmful pollution that's making global warming worse.Damaging these sea grass meadows can release this pollution again, so it's important to protect them. From above, the meadows can be hard to spot, either because the water is too deep or not clear enough.And the ocean is so huge that it's simply not possible to study it all by diving.So a team of scientists decided to have sharks help with the research.Tiger sharks are huge, strong, and deadly.But they also live underwater, are fast swimmers, and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.Between 2016 and 2020, a team of researchers attached cameras and other trackers to the fins (鳍) of seven tiger sharks.After catching the sharks, the scientists worked quickly to attach the equipment, and then let them go again. The scientists have learned that the waters around the Bahamas are home to the largest sea grass meadow ever discovered and that the world has roughly 40% more sea grass meadows than they previously thought. The programme shows how useful large underwater animals can be in helping to learn more about life under the sea.Oliver Shipley is a scientist at Beneath the Waves, which led the work.He says animals like tiger sharks “...are going to take us to new places that we didn't know existed.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家们用附在虎鲨身上的照相机拍摄的视频发现了世界上最大的海草场。 5．What can be known about sea grasses in paragraph 2? A．They help fight global warming. B．They need to be removed regularly. C．They mainly live on sea creatures. D．They grow in deep waters of the ocean. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后两句可知，碳会加剧全球变暖，而海草储存了大量的碳，破坏这些海草场会再次释放碳。因此可知，海草能够帮助对抗全球变暖。 6．Why are tiger sharks chosen by scientists? A．They are sensitive to sea grasses. B．Cameras are easily fixed on them. C．They are the most faithful sea animals. D．They often wander in sea grass meadows. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But they also live underwater, are fast swimmers, and spend a lot of time in sea grass meadows.”可知，科学家们选用虎鲨是因为它们生活在水下，游泳速度很快，并且会在海草场上度过很长时间。 7．What does Oliver Shipley think of sea animals? A．They are dangerous.　 B．They are adorable. C．They are helpful. D．They are smart. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可推知，Oliver Shipley认为海洋动物是有帮助的。 8．What is the main idea of the text? A．Many new places in the ocean need exploring. B．Sharks help discover the world's largest sea grass meadow. C．Scientists have found a powerful way to protect the ocean. D．Large underwater animals contribute a lot to the ocean. 解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容并通读整篇文章可知，文章介绍了虎鲨帮助科学家们发现了世界上最大的海草场。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五() Beach is a relaxing place to catch waves, get some sun, enjoy picnic, spot wildlife and go exploring. Here are tips from experts on how to be a better beachgoer, so future generations of sea lovers can get their beach therapy (疗法) when they need it. Use safer sunscreens Many sunscreens advertise that they are “reef－friendly”， which has no firm definitions, and their usage isn't regulated by governmental bodies. 9 . Only purchase mineral－based sunscreens so that it won't do harm to reefs. Get involved 10 . If you forget to bring one, find an abandoned bag at the beach. It may seem a little gesture, but it will help remove rubbish. By working together people can really make a difference. Thoughtful toys for kids It's fun for your little ones to play with plastic toys in the sand. 11 . They end up polluting the environment and can be accidentally eaten by animals, causing them serious harm or even killing them. Pack metal or wooden toys instead. Read the signs Signs at the beach aren't optional reading. They tell you where you can't go and what you can't do, so you don't mess with the local ecosystem. 12 . They are storm barriers and home to many animals. Destroy what you build It doesn't matter how much time and effort your children spent building sand castles or digging tunnels: if you are on a beach marked as a sea turtle habitat, fill in the trench and knock down the structure. Sea turtles have heavy bodies and they can die if they fall into a hole and get trapped. 13 . A．So it's best to read the fine print carefully B．Beachgoers are generally advised to stay off sand hills C．Thus, try your best to be a considerate eco－friendly tourist D．However, plastic toys break easily, leaving behind bits and pieces E．Sand structures can also prevent them from reaching birthing areas F．Bring a reusable bag to clean up while you're walking the shoreline G．Have your children pick up trash with you when walking on the beach 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章倡导人们在海滩游玩时要注意保护海滩的自然环境。 9．选A　上文“Many sunscreens advertise ...by governmental bodies. ”说明有些防晒霜宣称对珊瑚友好，但是没有明确的定义，因此也有可能对珊瑚礁有害，所以要仔细阅读上面的成分说明。因此推断A项“所以最好仔细阅读细则”符合语境，故选A。 10．选F　下文“If you forget ...make a difference.”讲如果你忘了带，就在海滩上找一个被遗弃的袋子。这似乎是一个小小的举动，但它将有助于清除垃圾。通过共同努力，人们真的可以有所作为。由此可知，此处的one应是指代装垃圾的袋子，用来清除垃圾，因此推断F项“当你沿海岸线散步时，带上一个可重复使用的袋子来清理”符合语境， one与F项中的reusable bag指代一致，故选F。 11．选D　上文“It's fun for your little ones to play with plastic toys in the sand. ”讲孩子玩塑料玩具会很快乐，下文“They end up ...wooden toys instead. ”讲这一类玩具对海滩的危害，建议带金属或者木质玩具，D项“然而，塑料玩具很容易破裂，留下碎片”说明塑料玩具的害处，与上文是转折关系，并引出下文。故选D。 12．选B　上文“Signs at the beach ...the local ecosystem. ”说明标识语指导海滩游客的行为，且这一句与后面一句里的 they构成紧密衔接，因此推断B项“一般建议去海滩的人远离沙丘”符合语境，承接下文“They are storm barriers and home to many animals.”，说明标识语会建议人们远离沙丘，因为沙丘是海滩动物的保护屏障和家园。故选B。 13．选E　前一句“Sea turtles have heavy bodies and they can die if they fall into a hole and get trapped. ”讲在沙滩建立的沙堡和渠道的一个危害，E项“沙质结构也会阻止它们到达产卵地”符合语境，接着讲另外一个危害。故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $