Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Learning About Language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语过去分词用法这一核心语法点，系统梳理其作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语的具体规则，通过“先感知教材/真题例句-会发现用法特征-明规则辨析差异-对点练巩固应用”的学习支架，帮助学生逐步掌握知识点。 资料以语境化语篇（如朋友建议场景）导入，结合2024-2025年高考真题实例，培养学生语言运用能力和思维辨析能力。课中引导自主发现提升课堂参与，课后“名师在线”和分层练习助力查漏补缺，有效落实学习能力培养。

Section Ⅲ　　Learning About Language 语法项目——复习过去分词 名师在线 (课堂没学会，课下上线再学习) Don't be worried①， my friend. Follow the following advice I give you, and you may get your problem settled②. First of all, what you must do is to smile at your classmates. A smile speaks louder about your wish to make friends than any words. Keep it in mind that the colourful campus life created③ by yourself will make you feel at ease. Next absorbed④ in your hobbies, you will find that common interests are a shortcut to making friends.Having regained your confidence, you can make as many friends as possible., [语法入门] ①worried为worry的过去分词形式，在句中作表语； ②settled为settle的过去分词形式，在句中作宾语补足语； ③created为create的过去分词形式，在句中作后置定语； ④absorbed为absorb的过去分词形式，在句中作状语。 过去分词通常是由“动词原形＋－ed”构成的，部分动词的过去分词有不规则变化形式。过去分词无时态和语态的变化。及物动词的过去分词既表示被动，又表示完成；不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，不表示被动。 一、过去分词(短语)作定语 [先感知] ①(教材典句)Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground ... ②(教材典句)A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. ③ It can help to build a community with a shared future for mankind. ④I think the scientific advances mentioned in your article are fantastic! [会发现] 观察以上例句，你能说出句中的过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置区别吗？ [明规则] (1)过去分词作定语的位置 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面(left除外)，相当于一个形容词。过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面，相当于一个定语从句。 The player loved by many people is Tom. ＝The player who is loved by many people is Tom. 这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫汤姆。 (2)过去分词作定语的用法 过去分词作定语往往表示被动、完成，而现在分词作定语表示主动、进行，不定式作定语则表示动作还未发生。 The meeting, attended by 1,000 students, was a great success. 这次会议获得了很大的成功，共有一千名学生出席。 The girl standing by the door is my daughter. 在门口站着的那个女孩是我的女儿。 The meeting to take place here is very important. 要在这里召开的会议很重要。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. ②(2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份)． ③(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended (intend) for everyone. ④All the broken (break) windows have been repaired. ⑤Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。 ⑥The polluted water and air are harmful to people's health. 被污染的水和空气对人的健康有害。 二、过去分词(短语)作表语 [先感知] ①(教材典句)I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life. ②(教材典句)．.. I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument! ③He felt disappointed after his request was refused. ④Don't touch the glass because it is broken. [会发现] 观察以上例句，你能说出句中的过去分词(短语)作表语时的意义吗？ [明规则] (1)基本用法 过去分词作表语和系动词(be, become, get, feel, look, seem等)连用，主要表示主语的特征和状态。 名师点津：有的过去分词作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, amused, astonished, hurt, interested, crowded, tired, satisfied, pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, puzzled, upset等。 (2)过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别 过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态。此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后一般不跟by短语。被动语态的动词过去分词形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by＋动作的执行者”。 My grandfather was delighted to hear I passed my exams. 我祖父听到我通过考试感到很高兴。 The new tissues and organs are used to cure diseases by doctors. 新的组织和器官被医生用来治疗疾病。 [对点练] (判断下列句子中黑体部分属于哪种结构) A．系表结构　　　　　　　　B．被动语态 ①We are interested in collecting stamps, raising birds and fishing.A ②More than 200 people were trapped in the building by the big fire.B ③I'm a bit puzzled that I haven't heard from Tom for so long.A ④We were greatly moved by what the doctor had done.B 三、过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语 [先感知] ①He found his hometown greatly changed. ②He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled. [会发现] 以上两句中的过去分词都作宾语补足语，说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作。 [明规则] (1)作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语之间的关系 过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态，或表示一个被动的动作，其逻辑主语是句子的宾语。宾语与宾语补足语之间是被动关系。 (2)过去分词作宾语补足语的情况 a．后跟过去分词形式作宾语补足语的动词大致可分为以下三类： ①用于使役动词make, get, have, keep等的宾语后面。 When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined? 你什么时候去医院检查你的牙齿？ ②用于see, hear, feel, find等表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词的宾语后面。 She saw the thief caught by policemen. 她看见小偷被警察抓住了。 ③用于like, want, wish, order等表示希望、要求、命令等意义的动词的宾语后面。 The manager doesn't like such questions discussed at the meeting. 经理不喜欢在会上讨论这样的问题。 b．“with/without＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 With his homework done, he started to watch TV. 作业完成后，他开始看电视。 [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①But that's how nature is — always leaving us astonished (astonish)． ②He tried to make himself understood (understand) by his students in class. ③He wanted his name included (include) in the list. ④We must have our windows repaired (repair) before winter comes, or we'll freeze. ⑤With the task completed (complete), we had a global travelling. ⑥We should keep the environment protected (protect) by reducing waste, which can make our city more beautiful and livable. ⑦As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted (greet) by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. 四、过去分词(短语)作状语 [先感知] ①(教材典句)Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”． ②She stared at me, astonished. ③(2025·浙江1月高考)Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. [会发现] ①句、②句和③句中的过去分词在句中分别作原因状语、伴随状语和方式状语。 [明规则] (1)过去分词作状语的功能、类型 过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等，在作用上相当于状语从句。 ①表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。 Accepted by the Party (＝After he was accepted by the Party), he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party. 入党以后，他决定献身于党的事业。 ②表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。 Depressed (＝Since he was depressed), he went to visit his elder sister. 他感到沮丧，就去拜访他姐姐了。 ③表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。 Grown in rich soil (＝If they are grown in rich soil), these plants can grow very fast. 如果被种在肥沃的土壤里，这些植物能长得很快。 ④表示让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。 Exhausted by the running (＝Though/Although they were exhausted by the running), they went on running after the robber. 尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，但他们还是继续追赶着那个强盗。 ⑤表示方式或伴随情况。 The old man went into the room, supported by his wife (＝and was supported by his wife)． 那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。 (2)一些过去分词的特殊用法 一些过去分词因为来源于系表结构，作状语时不表示被动而表示状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost, seated, hidden, satisfied, lost/absorbed in, born, dressed in, tired of。 Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound. 因为沉浸于思考之中，所以他没听到那个声音。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空/句型转换) ①(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Encouraged (encourage) by his words, I agreed to give it a try. ②Inspired (inspire) by the health tips from doctors, who often remind us of the importance of exercise, I started jogging every morning. ③Motivated (motivate) by the environmental protection slogan, which calls on everyone to save resources, students decided to collect waste paper regularly. ④Given another chance, he will do better. →If he is given another chance, he will do better. ⑤Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. →Although/Though he was laughed at by many people, he continued his study. ⑥Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. →As he/she was satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in class. Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays closed (close) to protect the plants. 2．(2024·全国甲卷)My childhood is quite happy compared (compare) with hers. 3．(2024·全国甲卷)You should feel satisfied (satisfy) at the end of a meal, but not too full. 4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)He became interested (interest) in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. 5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Such structured thinking, followed (follow) by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. 6．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Each town has its own traditional dish, and every family keeps a recipe passed (pass) from one generation to another. 7．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six－meter－tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. 8．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered (endanger) species across the ridges and valleys. 9．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published (publish) in 1755. 10．(2024·北京高考)Since there are many factors involved (involve) in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．(2025·全国Ⅰ卷写作)Compared with the other column, “Fun at my school” is more likely to arouse students' enthusiasm for participation. 与另一个栏目相比，《校园趣闻》这个栏目更有可能激发学生的参与热情。 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)In the class, we were asked to create artwork inspired by nature. 在课堂上，老师要求我们创作以大自然为灵感的艺术品。 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. 我又更慢地解释了一遍，但他看起来仍然很困惑。 4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Gunter's kindness made me very moved and I thanked him once again. 冈特的善良使我很感动，我再次感谢了他。 5．(2024·全国甲卷书面表达)Firstly, shared bicycles have become a popular choice in cities, providing an eco－friendly and cost－effective way to travel short distances. 首先，共享单车已成为城市的热门选择，为短途旅行提供了一种环保且经济高效的方式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $