Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Learning About Language-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册教师用书word（人教版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语被动语态复习这一核心知识点，通过“语境中体悟”的小明手机故事导入，系统梳理一般现在时到将来进行时等十种时态的被动结构，再深入讲解否定形式、复合宾语转换等使用注意事项，最后以单句语法填空和语法写作练习构建完整学习支架。 该资料以情境化语篇（如小明手机使用场景）帮助学生在语境中理解被动语态，提升语言能力。结合高考真题设计“对点练”，并通过“名师点津”总结规律，培养学习能力。课中辅助教师清晰授课，课后学生可借助“名师在线”查漏补缺，兼顾语法知识巩固与语言应用能力提升。

Section Ⅲ　　Learning About Language 语法项目——复习被动语态 名师在线 (课堂没学会，课下上线再学习) Xiao Ming's cellphone was broken① by his father yesterday evening.I couldn't get through to him because the cellphone was being repaired② then.Before this，his cellphone had been broken③ four times because he was careless.Xiao Ming liked cellphone games so much that he didn't study hard. Cellphones are widely used④ nowadays.However, many of them are being used⑤ to play games by teenagers.So far, many questions have been raised⑥ by their parents.Should cellphones be used⑦ by students? Xiao Ming's cellphone will be repaired⑧ well soon.Maybe by next Sunday the cellphone will have been brought⑨ home and will be being used⑩ to play games again., [语法入门] ①是一般过去时的被动语态； ②是过去进行时的被动语态； ③是过去完成时的被动语态； ④是一般现在时的被动语态； ⑤是现在进行时的被动语态； ⑥是现在完成时的被动语态； ⑦是带情态动词的被动语态； ⑧是一般将来时的被动语态； ⑨是将来完成时的被动语态； ⑩是将来进行时的被动语态。 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系。英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 一、被动语态的基本构成 被动语态的构成是“be＋动词的过去分词”。语义上主语为动作的承受者或对象，主要用于需要强调动作承受者而不必指出动作执行者的情况，或出于语篇衔接连贯的需要。一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态。被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其变化形式与系动词be的变化形式相同。以do为例： 项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 am/is/ are done am/is/are being done has/have been done 过去 was/ were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will be being done shall/will have been done 过去 将来 should/would be done 无 should/would have been done ①The work will have been finished by the end of next month. 这项工作将在下个月底完成。 ②I received the news that he had been awarded the first prize in the national science competition. 我得知他在全国科学竞赛中被授予了一等奖。 [名师点津] (1)含有情态动词的谓语变为被动语态，其构成为“情态动词(can, may, must等)＋be＋过去分词”； (2)含有be going to, be to, used to, be about to等结构的复合谓语变为被动语态，其构成为“be going to/be to/used to/be about to＋be＋过去分词”。 [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)“The players' personalities are revealed (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent，” she adds. ②(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering techniques are applied (apply) to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful. ③(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷) Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused (refuse) permission to participate. ④(2024·全国甲卷)What should be done (do) with such a beautiful place? ⑤(2024·浙江1月高考)However, though it's nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes be offered (offer) in smaller packs. ⑥I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan had been carried (carry) out in the past two years. 二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题 1．被动语态的否定形式为：be＋not＋过去分词。 As he was not allowed to buy the toy, the boy felt very unhappy. 由于不允许他买这个玩具，这个男孩感觉很不开心。 2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语在变成被动语态时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。 We saw him sitting there without doing anything. →He was seen sitting there without doing anything by us. The inspiring speech made us reflect on our life goals, which helped us find our true passions. →We were made to reflect on our life goals by the inspiring speech, which helped us find our true passions. 名师点津：在主动语态中，make, hear, see等词后接不定式要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。 3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语。 My father is telling me an interesting story now. →An interesting story is being told to me by my father now. →I'm being told an interesting story by my father now. 4．一些短语动词在主动结构中是不可分开的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。 5．主动形式表示被动意义 英语中有很多动词，如break, catch, clean, drive, look, open, sell, read, write, wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表示被动意义，主语通常是物；在这种情况下，常和easily, well等副词连用。 The book sells very well. 这本书卖得很好。 [名师点津] (1)主动语态表示被动意义强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。 (2)感官动词feel, sound, taste, look 等后跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，无被动形式。 (3)在need, want, require, deserve, bear 等动词，worth等形容词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。 (4)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构中，不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这类形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。 (5)be to rent/blame也属于主动形式表被动意义。 [对点练]　(完成句子) ①This cheese doesn't cut easily.It's too soft. 这种奶酪不容易切。它太软了。 ②The lack of communication is to blame for the team's failure. 沟通不足是团队失败的主因。 ③No one should be laughed at for making mistakes, because it's through them that we learn and grow the most. 任何人都不该因犯错而被嘲笑，因为我们正是通过错误来学习和成长的。 ④The math problem was so complex that it was difficult to work out, but after consulting the teacher, I finally understood the logic behind it. 这道数学题太复杂了，不好解答，但在请教老师后，我终于明白了其中的逻辑。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set (set) up for a family. 2．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed (confirm) in advance. 3．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference.Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed (delay)by an hour and a half. 4．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched (launch) last March. 5．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put (put) up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. 6．(2024·全国甲卷)While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left (leave) alone in the kitchen to help my grandmother wash dishes. 7．Kunqu Opera, for example, is considered (consider) an old form of Chinese opera, characterized by its elegant lyrics and beautiful melodies. 8．Since the Ming Dynasty, being able to write couplets has been regarded (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars. 9．When we got there, we were told that the injured had been sent (send) to the nearest hospital. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．Tony was struck by that generous woman and donated a large amount of money to the project. 托尼被那位慷慨的女士打动了，为那个项目捐了一大笔钱。 2．This small town is surrounded by green mountains and clear waters, and its beautiful environment attracts tourists from all over the world. 这个小镇被青山绿水环绕，美丽的环境吸引着来自世界各地的游客。 3．He was inspired by the wonderful teachers from small villages and decided to be a volunteer teacher.受到小村庄优秀教师的鼓励，他决定当一名志愿者教师。 4．Effective measures must be taken to protect the oceans from being further polluted.必须采取有效措施来保护海洋免受进一步的污染。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $