Unit 4 Section Ⅱ “Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书word（人教版）

本高中英语讲义围绕“Reading and Thinking”新知学习，构建“词汇分层积累—句型深度解析—语篇综合应用”的学习支架。从阅读单词“知其义”、重点单词“写其形”，到拓展构词“明其规”、高级词块“通其用”，逐步过渡到核心句型（如turn down, enthusiastic about等）的用法归纳与应用，最后通过课文缩写语法填空实现语篇层面的巩固。 资料亮点在于以语言能力培养为核心，通过“用法感知—归纳点拨—应用融会”三步法学练重点词汇句型，如“qualified”的用法辨析与语法填空练习，提升学生的思维品质。课中辅助教师系统梳理知识点，课后助力学生自主复习，查漏补缺，有效衔接词汇、句型与语篇学习，落实新课标学习能力要求。

Section Ⅱ　“Reading and Thinking”的新知学习环节 一、阅读单词——知其义 1.join the expedition　 　　　　 参加探险活动 2.full of vigour 精力充沛 3.hide in a small cupboard 藏在小柜子里 4.a qualified steward 一位合格的乘务员 5. 6.the cook stove 炉灶 7.put a blanket over a child 给孩子盖上毯子 8.strong navy 强大的海军 9. 10.a cosy bedroom 一间舒适的卧室 二、重点单词——写其形 1.courage in the face of adversity 面对逆境的勇气 2.a weekly wage of ￡200 周薪200英镑 3.go aboard the ship 上船 4.sink to the bottom of the sea 沉入海底 5. 6.an around⁃the⁃world voyage 环球航行 7.a good⁃tempered child 一个脾气好的孩子 8.crew members 全体机务人员 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1.perseverance:以⁃ance结尾的名词 ①abundance　　 　　　 丰富;充裕 ②acceptance 接受;认可 ③annoyance 烦恼;使人烦恼的事 ④appearance 出现;来到 2.enthusiastic:以⁃tic结尾的形容词 ①romantic　浪漫的　　 ②dramatic　戏剧性的 ③optimistic 乐观的 ④realistic 现实的 五、高级词块——通其用 1.be considered a great honour 　　　 被认为是极大的荣誉 2.turn sb. down 拒绝(某人)   3.be enthusiastic about 热衷于  4.go aboard the ship 上船  5.set off 出发  6.throw away 扔掉  7.to one’s surprise 让某人惊讶的是  8.keep one’s spirits up 使某人振作起来  9.be camped on the ice 在冰上露营  10.from bad to worse 越来越糟;每况愈下  11.make it 成功  12.feel low 情绪低落  13.hold on 坚持住  14.fill sb.with hope 让某人充满希望  15.be ready for 为……做好准备  1.However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t qualified. 然而,当我申请参加这次探险时,沙克尔顿却拒绝了我,因为他认为我太年轻,不具备资格。 ★turn sb. down 拒绝(某人);调低(音量) |用|法|感|知| ·(“人际交往”主题佳句)It is a quite important social skill to learn how to turn down invitations politely. 一项重要的社交技能是学会如何有礼貌地拒绝邀请。 ·When the baby was sleeping, I turned down the volume of the TV lest it wake him up. 当宝宝在睡觉时,我调低了电视的音量以免吵醒他。 [归纳点拨] turn over　　　　　 翻转 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 turn in 上交;呈递 turn to 转向;求助于 turn up 出现;到场;调高(音量) turn out 结果是;证明是 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. ②Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later. ③Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.This time, she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely.  詹娜把那块烧焦的面包扔进水槽,放进了另一片面包。这一次,她把火关小了,这样烤得好。 ★qualified adj.符合资格;具备……的知识(或技能、学历等) |用|法|感|知| ·(“心理描写”佳句)What a thrilling opportunity! I think I am qualified to be a volunteer. 多么激动人心的机会啊!我想我有资格成为一名志愿者。 ·She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications. 她因资历适合而获选做这项工作。 [归纳点拨] (1)be qualified to do sth.　 有资格做某事 be qualified for ... 符合……的条件 a qualified accountant/teacher 取得执业资格的会计师/教师 (2)qualify vi. 合格;取得资格(或学历) 　　　 vt. 使合格;使具备资格 (3)qualification n.　 资格;资历;学历 have (no) qualifications to do sth. (没)有做某事的资格 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①There is no doubt that you are qualified (qualify) enough and experienced in presenting your ideas, because of your abundant skills. ②A victory in this game will earn them qualification (qualify) for the World Cup. ③He is not yet an adult, so he isn’t qualified to vote (vote).  ④He took all kinds of tests to prove he was well qualified for this important task.  他参加了各种测试,以证明他能很好地胜任这项重要工作。 2.But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of going along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. 但是,满怀着想要与他们同赴南极的热情,我偷偷地爬上了他的“坚忍号”轮船,躲在一个小橱柜里。 ★enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的 |用|法|感|知| ·Without my teacher’s guidance, I wouldn’t have been enthusiastic about English and absorbed in learning English. 如果没有老师的指导,我就不会对英语充满热情,不会专心学习英语。 ·Although she was a beginner, she played with great enthusiasm. 虽然她是个新手,但演奏时却充满了激情。 [归纳点拨] (1)be enthusiastic about　　　　 热衷于…… (2)enthusiasm n. 热情;热心 enthusiastically adv. 热情地;热心地 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①If you really want the job, you’ll have to convince the interviewers of your enthusiasm (enthusiastic) for it. ②Even if you are not as enthusiastic about butterflies as we are, we still highly recommend a visit to the museum. ③They listened with great interest, and then enthusiastically (enthusiastic) joined in grand conversations about Harry’s adventures. ④The boy lifted his head with watery eyes, regretting,“I promise to treat others enthusiastically/with enthusiasm from now on.”  男孩含泪抬起头,后悔地说:“我承诺从此以后会热情地对待别人。” ★aboard adv. & prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) |用|法|感|知| ·On behalf of my crew, I’d like to welcome you aboard British Airways flight 602 from New York to London. 我谨代表全体工作人员,欢迎你们乘坐英国航空公司从纽约飞往伦敦的602号航班。 ·(“动作描写”佳句)He quickly went aboard the ship that was about to set sail, with a bag in his hand. 他手里拿着一个包,快速登上了那艘即将起航的船。 归纳点拨 (1)go aboard the plane/ship　　　　　 　　　　登机/上船 All aboard! (口语)请大家上船/车/飞机! Welcome aboard! 欢迎登机/上船/上车! (2)board n. 木板;牌子 　 　v. 登机;上船 on board 在船上;在飞机上 易混辨析 区分形近词:aboard/abroad/board/broad aboard adv.& prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等) abroad adv.　　　　在国外 board vi.& vt.上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等) 　 　 vi.　　　 　寄宿 　 　 n.　　　　　木板;牌子;膳食;董事会 broad adj. 广阔的;宽阔的;广泛的;概括的 |应|用|融|会| (1)选词填空:aboard/abroad/board/broad ①We are asked to board half an hour before departure. ②In our village, there is a broad road, both sides of which are lined with trees. ③The ship is leaving in half an hour, so we’d better go aboard. ④We often feel lonely when living abroad as home is the place where our hearts should be. (2)完成句子 ⑤Fortunately,all the people aboard/on board survived the accident.  幸运的是,船上所有的人都在这次事故中幸存了下来。 ⑥As soon as the train arrived, all the waiting people went aboard.  火车一到,所有等待的人都上车了。 3.Unfortunately, three days after we set off I was discovered.Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job, but only after he promised me, “If anyone has to be eaten, then you will be the first!” 不幸的是,在我们出发三天后,我被发现了。沙克尔顿不想调头,于是他给了我一份工作,但他要我答应他:“如果有人得被吃掉,那么你就是第一个!” ★set off出发;动身;引发;使爆炸;燃放 |用|法|感|知| ·Following the teacher, they set off at a jog down another street to see the Forbidden City. 跟着老师,他们动身沿着另一条街慢跑去看紫禁城。 ·Any escape, once it’s detected, sets off the alarm. 一旦发现有泄漏,警报就会响起来。 [归纳点拨] set up　　　 　　　 建立;设立;准备;安排 set in 开始;到来;流行 be set in 以……为背景/场景 set aside 存储;留出;将……放在一边 set down 放下;写下;登记 set out 启程;动身;阐述;陈列 set out to do sth.=set about doing sth. 开始着手做某事 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①He set down his important thoughts in his diary. ②After that, I set out to read widely for an inspiring topic, wrote a speech, and practiced my spoken English. ③He documented his journey as he set about treating (treat) nature as a brand to be marketed to young people. ④Besides, our school set up a volleyball team and a basketball team.  另外,我们学校成立了一支排球队和一支篮球队。 4.He assigned me to be a steward, and I now serve meals for twenty⁃eight men, three times a day. 他指派我担任服务员,我现在为28名船员供应一日三餐。 ★assign vt.分派;布置;分配 |用|法|感|知| ·Our teacher typically assigned daily homework, which would be recited in class the following day. 我们的老师通常会每天布置家庭作业,这些作业要在第二天的课堂上背诵。 ·Mr Smith decided to assign the important task to whoever had a strong sense of responsibility. 史密斯先生决定把这个重要的任务安排给那些有强烈责任感的人。 [归纳点拨] (1)assign sb.sth.=assign sth.to sb.　　　　 　　分配给某人某物 assign sb.as sth. 指派某人任某一职务 assign sb.to do sth. 指派某人做某事 (2)assignment n. (分派的)工作;任务;(工作等的)分派;布置 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned (assign), but I didn’t enjoy this type of reading.  ②We believe the time and hard work involved in completing such an assignment (assign) are worthwhile. ③She was sent abroad to carry out a challenging assignment.  她被派往国外执行一项富有挑战性的任务。 (2)句型转换 ④The teacher has assigned each of us a holiday task. →The teacher has assigned a holiday task to each of us.  5.Before we abandoned the ship, Shackleton calmly called us together and told us to rescue our most essential supplies — the small boats, our food, the cook stove, candles, clothes, and blankets. 在我们弃船之前,沙克尔顿镇定地把大家召集在一起,告诉我们要抢救最需要的供给品——小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、衣服和毛毯。 ★abandon vt.舍弃;抛弃;放弃;使放纵;使听任n.放任;放纵 |用|法|感|知| ·The old man had to abandon the house where he had lived for decades because of the flood. 由于洪水,这位老人不得不遗弃那所他住了数十年的房子。 ·(“建议”类写作佳句)Playing computer games is harmful to your health.Don’t abandon yourself to this kind of pleasure. 玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。不要沉溺于这种快乐。 ·The fans cheered with abandon when their football team won. 当他们的足球队获胜时,球迷们便尽情地欢呼。 [归纳点拨] (1)abandon oneself to ... 沉湎于……;纵情于…… abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事 (2)with abandon 放纵地;放任地 (3)abandoned adj. 被抛弃的;放纵的 be abandoned to 沉湎于……(to为介词) |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①Those who abandon themselves (they) to despair can’t succeed. ②Finally, he reached an abandoned (abandon) island which was completely cut off from the outside world. ③He is abandoned to reading all kinds of books in his spare time. ④At the party, people sang and danced with abandon, totally forgetting the troubles in their lives.  聚会上,人们尽情地唱歌、跳舞,完全忘记了生活中的烦恼。 6.We were not allowed to take most of our personal belongings, and Shackleton himself threw away all his gold. 我们绝大部分的个人物品都被禁止携带,沙克尔顿自己则扔掉了他所有的黄金。 ★belongings n.[pl.] 财物;动产 |用|法|感|知| ·(“神态描写”佳句)I eventually found a sense of belonging and a long⁃expected smile flickered across my lips.我最终找到了一种归属感,我的嘴角露出了久违的笑容。 ·(主旨升华句)Success belongs to those who have determination, confidence and perseverance. 成功属于那些有决心、有信心、有毅力的人。 归纳点拨 (1)belong vi.　　 　　　属于 belong to 属于;是……的一员 (2)a sense of belonging 归属感 名师点津 belong to中to为介词,后接名词或代词宾格,不用于被动语态和进行时态,但作后置定语时常用现在分词形式,形式为“...belonging to ...”。 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①The first time I saw the book, I was quite sure it belonged to me. ②In my opinion, you’d better put the book where it belongs. ③Having sold most of his belongings (belong), he almost had nothing left in the house. ④A tiger is a large fierce animal which belongs to the cat family. →A tiger is a large fierce animal belonging to the cat family.  1....Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. ……好吧,一天早晨,我碰巧买了份报纸,看到了这则有关南极探险的招募广告。 　　It happened/happens that ...“碰巧发生……”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。 (1)“sth.+happen+地点/时间”表示“某地/某时发生了什么事”,此时主语应是事情。 (2)“sth.+happen+to sb.”表示“某人出了某事”,常指不好的事。 (3)“sb.+happen+不定式”表示“某人碰巧做某事”。 (4)当“It happened/happens that ...”结构中,that从句中的主语是人时,可以与“sb.+happen+to do sth.”结构互换。如: It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. =Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day. 那天布赖恩和彼得碰巧在家。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)It just happened that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who offered to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. ②He happened to be looking (look) through the medical book “Gray’s Anatomy” at the time.  ③What happened to them remains somewhat of a mystery. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ④昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。 I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.  ⑤我们打电话时她碰巧出去了。 It happened that she was out when we called.  2.Without Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now. 要不是有弗兰克和欧内斯特,我们到现在早就没命了。 (1)在without含蓄虚拟结构中,如果是与过去事实相反的假设,则谓语动词用would/could/might+have done;与现在事实相反的假设,则谓语动词用would/could/might+do。 (2)含蓄虚拟条件句还可以用but for, otherwise, or, but等词(词组)来引导。 注意:otherwise, or构成的含蓄虚拟语气为“真实情况+otherwise/or+虚拟情况”;而but构成的含蓄虚拟语气为“虚拟情况+but+真实情况”。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①If it weren’t for my English teacher’s encouragement and assistance, I would have given up learning English. →Without my English teacher’s encouragement and assistance, I would have given up learning English.  ②If my parents hadn’t lent me the money, I couldn’t have afforded the trip. →My parents lent me the money.Otherwise, I couldn’t have afforded the trip.  (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③很幸运我们订了个房间,否则我们现在就无处安身了。 It is lucky we booked a room, or we would have nowhere to stay now.  ④假如没有他的支持,我们就不会取得现在的成就。 Without his support, we wouldn’t be where we are now.  课文缩写语法填空|根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 　　Perce Blackborow joined an expedition with Sir Ernest Shackleton to Antarctica on the ship Endurance in 1914.Below are some of Blackborow’s diary entries. It so happened ①that one morning I read the ②advertisement (advertise) about the Antarctic expedition. At first, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasn’t ③qualified (qualify). But I secretly hid in a small cupboard. Unfortunately, three days after we set off I ④was discovered (discover). So he had to offer me a job, and assigned me to be ⑤a steward.  The journey has not been easy. Endurance became stuck in the ice and the ⑥crushed (crush) ship sank. Shackleton ⑦calmly (calm) told us to rescue our most essential supplies. We were not allowed ⑧to take (take) most of our personal belongings.  We have been struggling for days, but things on Elephant Island are going from bad to worse. Shackleton left us to find help. When I begin to feel low, I try ⑨to think (think) of happier things. Without Frank and Ernest, we’d all be dead by now. Their genuine concern ⑩for others, their perseverance, and their resolve fill me with hope.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $