Unit 7 Careers-单元提升强化练-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第三册

Unit 7　Careers Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Here is a brief introduction to the “three masters of art” of the Renaissance. Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519) He was the most famous artist,sculptor and inventor of the Italian Renaissance.He was also known as “the most perfect representative of the Renaissance”.He was born in the town of Vinci,on the outskirts of Florence,and died in France.The fresco The Last Supper,the altarpiece Our Lady of the Rock and the painting Mona Lisa are the three masterpieces of his life. Raphael(1483-1520) He was an Italian painter and sculptor.His series of paintings of the Virgin reflected a humanism with maternal warmth,which were different from the medieval painters.Our Lady of Frio,Our Lady in the Chair and Our Lady of Alba are all his perfect works.After 1509,he was invited by Pope Julius Ⅱ to paint paintings in the Vatican Palace.He died in Rome on April 6,1520. Michelangelo(1475-1564) He was a great painter,sculptor and architect of the Italian Renaissance and a representative of the highest peak of Renaissance sculpture.From 1501 to 1504,he completed the world-famous David.From 1508,he spent more than four years completing the famous painting in the Sistine Chapel.He devoted his whole life to great art until his death in his studio on February 18,1564. 1.From this passage,what is the name of the painting created by Leonardo da Vinci? A.The Last Supper. B.Our Lady of the Rock. C.Mona Lisa. D.The Battle of Anghiari. 2.How did Raphael’s works differ from those of medieval painters? A.His works reflected a humanism with maternal warmth. B.His works had extremely strong religious overtones. C.His works emphasized the aesthetic function of painting. D.His works emphasized the performance of subjective spirit. 3.Which one is not what these painters have in common? A.They all painted paintings. B.They were Italian. C.They were born in early 15th century. D.They were sculptors. B Carl Wilhelm Scheele ranks as one of the greatest scientists of all time,but he paid a big price for this honor. Born in 1742 in present-day Germany,Scheele learned about chemicals from his parents starting at a young age.When he was 14,he was sent away to Gothenburg(哥德堡) to become the apprentice(学徒) of a family friend.There he spent eight years studying chemistry and conducting experiments late into the night.Next,Scheele moved around the Holy Roman Empire,working for different chemists and becoming more learned in his trade.In 1767,he moved to Stockholm,where he discovered tartaric acid(酒石酸). After three years in Stockholm,he became the director of the Locke Laboratory.It was there,while he was analyzing a strange reaction,that Scheele became the first person to identify oxygen. He called the element “fire air” because he believed,based on the theories of his time,that a substance that made up fire was released from items when they burned.Scheele believed oxygen to be this substance,not understanding that oxygen is merely an element that facilitates(促进) the chemical reaction that is fire.  As historic as this discovery was,Scheele seldom got credit for it,largely because English scientist Joseph Priestley published findings on oxygen before Scheele,even though it is now generally accepted that Scheele made the actual discovery first. Through his work,he thus exposed himself to many harmful materials.These chemicals had a deadly effect on Scheele,and he eventually died of kidney failure in 1786. Sadly,in spite of his many achievements and the fact that he gave his life to chemistry,Carl Wilhelm Scheele is often forgotten in the history of science.Though he discovered many elements before other better-known scientists did,his unwillingness to both attend meetings of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and to publish his work allowed other scientists to take credit for discoveries that he had made. 4.Who first taught Chemistry to Scheele? A.His parents.　　　　 B.Joseph Priestley. C.His family friend. D.The Holy Roman Empire. 5.When did Scheele probably discover oxygen? A.In 1745. B.In 1767. C.In 1770. D.In 1789. 6.What do the underlined words “the element” refer to? A.Oxygen. B.Tartaric acid. C.The strange reaction. D.The chemical experiment. 7.What can we learn about Scheele from the text? A.He has been world-famous since the 1700s. B.He actually died due to his dangerous work. C.He discovered oxygen later than Joseph Priestley. D.He thought his findings were not valuable at all. C Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford(LPCH).“Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher,” says Ho.“People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do,but that’s not really what it is here.” “Here” is room 386,where each year,about 500 LPCH patients also become students.The hospital school is free of parents,doctors,and medical procedures.It’s a place of learning.About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less;others are there for more than a year.Most of Ho’s students will recover,which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care. Still,in room 386,academics don’t come first.Physical health and mental health are the priority.“If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that,there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says.“I’m a coach,an adviser,and a comforter,and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.” There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class.She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools.Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments;they express sympathy instead.“I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says.“They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.” Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers(同龄人)outside the hospital.“I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,” says Julie Good,director of pain management services at LPCH.“It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life.Those kids have dreams.School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.” 8.Who does Ho teach at LPCH? A.Sick children. B.Young nurses. C.Medical students. D.Patients’ parents. 9.What is a characteristic of Ho’s job? A.Prioritizing academics. B.Encouraging innovation. C.Treating various diseases. D.Playing multiple roles. 10.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A.Offering regular lessons. B.Paying extra attention. C.Assigning no schoolwork. D.Showing no sympathy. 11.How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good? A.It eases peer pressure. B.It helps them live in hope. C.It frees them from aches. D.It entertains them with stories. Ⅱ.七选五 How Body Language Can Help Your Career Many businessmen often underestimate the importance of nonverbal communication — which is often half the message.　1　 Imagine how much more effective your next meeting with your boss could be if only you give your nonverbal communication a little attention.These four tips can help you avoid that common mistake so you can use your body language to gain an advantage in your career.  Triple Nod to Show You’re Engaged 　2　 One way you can do this non-verbally is to use the triple head nod.Three quick,small nods in a row is the nonverbal sign for “tell me more” or “I hear you;explain.” It is a great way to show that you are interested and involved.  Don’t Underestimate the Power of the Hands Our hands speak volumes about who we are.Our brain pays attention to hands more than any other body part because we have evolved to look at them as a safety tool to make sure people won’t attack us.Whenever you have meetings,keep your hands above the table.　3　  Stop Using Nervous Behaviors Learn to stop displaying nervous body language so you don’t risk appearing anxious or incompetent.The most common behaviors are: wringing hands,rubbing arms,biting lips.　4　  Ask a friend to tell you if they notice you’re displaying any of the above behaviors.Once you know what they are,you can take action to stop them. Mirror Other People Professionals who mirror clients’ body language are more successful than those who don’t.If you’re a fast-talker,slowing down your speech to match the person you’re talking to helps put you on the same level.　5　 Copying someone’s closed off body language or negative tone will only increase the tension between you.  A.Of course,only follow positive behaviors. B.Hold your body in a similar way as they do. C.Show you are interested in the people you speak with. D.Focus on keeping your body there unless you need to use it. E.You’ll be able to use the crucial tool for delivering messages. F.Sometimes it can be hard to identify what your signs of anxiety are. G.Most people plan what they will say,but they ignore their body language. Ⅲ.完形填空 Running cross-country track is not a casual sport.Training takes a lot of 　1　,and on the race day,you push yourself to your body’s limits.The course is over 　2　 ground,grass,dirt and mud.Maintaining pace can be 　3　.The first race of the season is the most difficult.Runners who are not quite race-ready often push themselves too hard.It is,after all,a 　4　.  On a bright fall day,Cooper Erickson and Ethan Olds were 　5　 toward the finish line,with a runner from a different team having 　6　 them earlier in the race.The runner’s muscles were 　7　 with lactic acid,a chemical that builds up in muscles during a run.But about 10 meters from the line,the runner 　8　.At first,Cooper went by him,　9　 finishing the race in fourth place,　10　 of anything but their own breath and the rhythm of their steps.It takes a lot to 　11　 that kind of concentration.Seeing a fellow runner on the ground caused Cooper to go back to help.He was 　12　 quickly by his teammate Ethan Olds.Together,they helped their fellow competitor across the finish line.  Every phase of the race has been trained for,each second 　13　 for.And then the unexpected happens:Somebody needs help.At this point,there is a 　14　 to be made.Is the race more important than the human being beside me?Neither Cooper nor Ethan hesitated to stop.Sometimes,taking the time to help someone out is the real 　15　.  1.A.aid B.bravery C.dedication D.care 2.A.rough B.mud C.smooth D.wet 3.A.appealing B.interesting C.challenging D.disgusting 4.A.task B.competition C.struggle D.target 5.A.slipping B.falling C.touching D.rushing 6.A.passed B.followed C.accompanied D.greeted 7.A.covered B.infected C.overcome D.diagnosed 8.A.paused B.collapsed C.dropped D.shouted 9.A.hoped for B.resulted in C.referred to D.focused on 10.A.unaware B.independent C.tired D.confident 11.A.proceed B.break C.remove D.obtain 12.A.spotted B.moved C.assisted D.gathered 13.A.fought B.compensated C.catered D.accounted 14.A.decision B.attempt C.donation D.contribution 15.A.spirit B.victory C.cause D.sense Ⅳ.语法填空 Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on China’s aerospace science 1.　　　　　　 Qian Xuesen.Born in Hangzhou in 1911,Qian went to the United States for further studies in 1935.Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology,he and his colleagues 2.　　　　　　(found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s,now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres.  3.　　　　(overcome) many difficulties in the US,Qian eventually returned to China in 1955.He received a 4.　　 　(hero) welcome from his homeland.At that time,in poor China,its rocket science was undeveloped—No majors in rocket science.No talents.No experts.Nevertheless,the “Nos” didn’t discourage him from taking 5.　 　　 the challenge.His reply to “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?” was a 6. 　 　　(determine) “Why not?We Chinese are able to make the same things 7.　　　　　 other people make.” Under Qian’s leadership,China developed the Dongfeng missiles and launched its first man-made satellite.Even much of the technology behind the Shenzhou rockets can also be traced back to Qian’s research,so he earned the name of “the father of China’s aerospace”. Qian was extremely 8.　　　　　　(knowledge),especially in the area of frontier science research.However,9.　　　　　　 might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things,such as music and drawing.His deep appreciation for art often gave him 10.　　　　　　(inspire) in his scientific research.  On 31 October 2009,the whole country was saddened by Qian’s death,and people honoured and remembered him in different ways. 参考答案 Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文艺复兴时期的“艺术三杰”——达·芬奇、拉斐尔和米开朗琪罗。 1.C　细节理解题。根据Leonardo da Vinci部分的最后一句“The fresco The Last Supper,the altarpiece Our Lady of the Rock and the painting Mona Lisa are the three masterpieces of his life.”可知,Mona Lisa是油画。 2.A　细节理解题。根据Raphael部分第二句“His series of paintings of the Virgin reflected a humanism with maternal warmth,which were different from the medieval painters.”可知,拉斐尔的圣母油画系列反映了一种人文主义,具有母性的温暖和青春,这与中世纪的画家不同。 3.C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“He was the most famous artist,sculptor and inventor of the Italian Renaissance.”和“The fresco The Last Supper,the altarpiece Our Lady of the Rock and the painting Mona Lisa are the three masterpieces of his life.”及第三段中的“He was an Italian painter and sculptor.”和“After 1509,he was invited by Pope Julier Ⅱ to paint paintings in the Vatican Palace.”,并结合第四段中的“He was a great painter,sculptor and architect of the Italian Renaissance and a representative of the highest peak of Renaissance sculpture.”和“From 1508,he spent more than four years completing the famous painting in the Sistine Chapel.”可知,他们都画油画,都是意大利人,也都是雕塑家。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍的是科学家Carl Wilhelm Scheele的生平和主要成就。 4.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Born in 1742 in present-day Germany,Scheele learned about chemicals from his parents starting at a young age.”可知,第一个教Scheele化学的是他的父母。故选A项。 5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In 1767,he moved to Stockholm,where he discovered tartaric acid.”和第三段可推知,Scheele可能是1770年发现氧气的,故选C项。 6.A　词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Scheele became the first person to identify oxygen.”和第四段该词后的“Scheele believed oxygen to be this substance”可知该词指代“氧气”。故选A项。 7.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,Scheele实际上是由于他的危险工作而死的。故选B项。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了露西尔·帕卡德儿童医院的教师 Kathy Ho 如何在医院学校中为患病儿童授课,强调医院学校不仅关注学业,更注重学生的身心健康,帮助他们在治疗期间保持对学习和生活的希望。 8.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘Here’ is room 386,where each year,about 500 LPCH patients also become students.”可知,Ho的学生是露西尔·帕卡德儿童医院的患者,即患病儿童。故选A项。 9.D　细节理解题。第三段中Ho提到“I’m a coach,an adviser,and a comforter,and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.”,表明她作为一名医院学校的教师,在工作中同时扮演教练、顾问和安慰者等多重角色。故选D项。 10.C　词句猜测题。第四段中提到“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments;they express sympathy instead.”,部分老师不布置作业,只表达同情,Ho 认为这对孩子不利。因此 “it” 指代 “不布置作业” 的行为。故选C项。 11.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Good 的话“School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”可知,医院学校通过给孩子们一种持续学习和成长的方式,来维持他们的梦想,帮助他们在病痛中保持对生活的希望,有梦想就代表有希望。故选B项。 Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了使用肢体语言的四个技巧,帮助你在职业生涯中获得优势。 1.G　上文“Many businessmen often underestimate the importance of nonverbal communication — which is often half the message.”讲到许多商人在说话时往往只注重说什么而忽略了肢体语言,下文“Imagine how much more effective your next meeting with your boss could be if only you give your nonverbal communication a little attention.”建议人们要注意肢体语言,该空应承接上下文指出人们会忽视肢体语言这一事实。故选G项。 2.C　由小标题“Triple Nod to Show You’re Engaged”和下文“Three quick,small nods in a row is the nonverbal sign for ‘tell me more’ or ‘I hear you;explain.’ It is a great way to show that you are interested and involved.”可知,上下文强调要通过肢体语言(本段主讲三次点头)展现出对交流对象的兴趣。故选C项。 3.E　由小标题“Don’t Underestimate the Power of the Hands”和上文“Our hands speak volumes about who we are.Our brain pays attention to hands more than any other body part because we have evolved to look at them as a safety tool to make sure people won’t attack us.Whenever you have meetings,keep your hands above the table.”可知,本段强调肢体语言(本段主讲手的动作)的重要性,空前一句说要在开会时保持双手在桌子之上,推断这一空要说明这样做的重要性。故选E项。 4.F　上文“Learn to stop displaying nervous body language so you don’t risk appearing anxious or incompetent.The most common behaviors are: wringing hands,rubbing arms,biting lips.”列举了让你感到焦虑或无能时紧张的肢体语言有哪些,下文“Ask a friend to tell you if they notice you’re displaying any of the above behaviors.Once you know what they are,you can take action to stop them.”讲到要让朋友告诉你你是否有这些紧张情绪表现,且一旦知道这些行为,就可以采取措施去阻止它们,因此该空内容与需要能够识别出这些会让人感到焦虑或无能的行为有关,突出表明自己难以识别,引出下文讲请朋友帮忙识别。故选F项。 5.A　题空处与下文“Copying someone’s closed off body language or negative tone will only increase the tension between you.”形成对比,结合上文“If you’re a fast-talker,slowing down your speech to match the person you’re talking to helps put you on the same level.”可知,该段旨在说明模仿只应该针对正面的行为。故选A项。 Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。越野跑不是一项休闲运动,其训练需要大量的投入,运动员希望在比赛中得到名次。而在一场越野跑比赛中,两名队友却暂停了他们的比赛,以帮助另一名选手。 1.C　根据下文“and on the race day,you push yourself to your body’s limits”可知,越野跑需要在训练上十分投入(dedication)。 2.A　根据下文中的“grass,dirt and mud”可知,比赛过程要穿过崎岖的(rough)地面、草地、泥土和泥浆。 3.C　根据上文及常识可知,保持速度是很有挑战性的(challenging)。 4.B　根据上文没有完全准备好参加比赛的跑步者通常会把自己逼得太紧,毕竟这是比赛(competition)。 5.D　根据下文“toward the finish line”可知,Cooper Erickson and Ethan Olds正冲向(rushing)终点线。 6.A　根据下文“At first,Cooper went by him”可知,另外一位来自不同队的选手在比赛早些时候就已经超过(passed)了他们。 7.C　根据下文“that builds up in muscles during a run”可知,那位跑步者的肌肉充满(overcome)了一种跑步过程中在肌肉中积累的化学物质——乳酸。 8.B　根据下文“Seeing a fellow runner on the ground caused Cooper to go back to help.”可知,那位运动员突然倒下(collapsed)。 9.D　根据上文“At first,Cooper went by him”可知,Cooper一开始跑过了他,只关注(focused on)以第四名来完成比赛。 10.A　根据上文“At first,Cooper went by him,　　　 finishing the race in fourth place”可知,除了自己的呼吸和脚步的节奏,他并没有意识到(unaware)其他事情。  11.B　根据下文“Seeing a fellow runner on the ground caused Cooper to go back to help.”可知,Cooper只关注拿第四名,所以要打破(break)这种关注很难。 12.C　根据下文“Together,they helped their fellow competitor across the finish line.”可知,他很快得到了另一位队友Ethan Olds的帮助(assisted)。 13.D　根据上文“Every phase of the race has been trained for”可知,比赛的每一个阶段都经过了训练,每一秒十分重要(accounted)。 14.A　根据下文“Is the race more important than the human being beside me?”可知,此时此刻需要做出决定(decision)。 15.B　根据上文“Neither Cooper nor Ethan hesitated to stop.”可知,他们两个都没有犹豫便停下来,有时候花时间去帮助他们是真正的胜利(victory)。 Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了钱学森对中国航天科学的影响以及突出贡献。 1.than　考查介词。分析句子可知,空处前有形容词比较级greater,故此处考查比较级的结构,即“形容词比较级+than”,结合语意可知,此处意为“比”,故应用介词than。故填than。 2.founded　考查动词时态。分析句子可知,此处作谓语,根据时间状语“in the 1940s”可知,此处应用一般过去时,故空处应用动词的一般过去时态。故填founded。 3.Having overcome　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处作非谓语,与逻辑主语Qian之间是主动关系,结合语意可知,空处动作发生在主句动作之前,故此处应用现在分词的完成时,即having done结构。故填Having overcome。 4.hero’s　考查名词所有格。分析句子可知,空处后是名词welcome,空处应作定语修饰welcome,结合语意可知,此处意为“英雄般的”,故此处应用名词所有格形式,即hero’s。故填hero’s。 5.on　考查介词。分析句子可知,此处考查固定短语take on,意为“接受”,故空处应填介词on。故填on。 6.determined　考查形容词。分析句子可知,此处应用形容词作定语,结合语意可知,此处意为“坚定的,坚决的”,故应用-ed结尾的形容词,表示人物的态度,即determined。故填determined。 7.that　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处考查引导定语从句的关系词,指代先行词things,指物,在从句中作宾语,先行词前有the same修饰,关系代词只能用that。故填that。 8.knowledgeable　考查形容词。分析句子可知,此处应用形容词作表语,意为“学识渊博的”,故空处应填形容词knowledgeable。故填knowledgeable。 9.what　考查名词性从句。分析句子可知,此处考查引导主语从句的连接词,从句缺主语,意为“什么”,故应用连接代词what来引导主语从句。故填what。 10.inspiration　考查名词。分析句子可知,此处应用名词作宾语,结合句意可知,此处意为“灵感”,故应用名词inspiration,抽象名词不可数。故填inspiration。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $