Unit 9 Human Biology-单元提升强化练-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版选择性必修第三册

Unit 9　Human Biology Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Do they look like skates?They’re Moonwalkers—battery-powered shoes with wheels.They are billed as “the world’s fastest shoes”. How do Moonwalkers work? Attach Moonwalkers to your shoes,power them on,and begin walking.The artificial intelligence software driving Moonwalkers measures and adjusts on-the-fly to both the terrain(地形) you’re on and the way you walk,providing a safe and enjoyable walking experience. Moonwalkers move only when you do.They sense when you’re speeding up or slowing down.Lock Mode allows you to go up and down stairs confidently. Why do you choose Moonwalkers? ·Walk at the speed of a run:Get to where you’re going in less than half the time it normally takes.With a top speed of 7 mph,Moonwalkers improve every step. ·Expand your footprint:Moonwalkers make walking many city blocks,even further,no sweat. ·Less stress:Less walking equals less stress on your body.Moonwalkers feature a user-friendly system that helps you naturally maintain mobility and balance. ·Freedom to go anywhere:Tested on dirt and much more,Moonwalkers can handle our current city and allow you to walk a hill like it’s nothing.Also,Moonwalkers can survive walking through rain.Despite their wide uses,they are not roller skates,so they never freewheel. What is the maximum user weight? Moonwalkers can support a maximum user weight of 220 lbs(100 kg).If you weigh more than 220 lbs,you can still use Moonwalkers but will experience slightly reduced performance in certain extreme conditions. 1.What can we know about Moonwalkers? A.They are powered by walking. B.They help with stair climbing. C.They are assisted by technology. D.They can replace ordinary shoes. 2.With Moonwalkers,users may 　　　.  A.walk as fast as they like B.practise their skating skills C.challenge their senses of balance D.travel further with less tiredness 3.According to the passage,which of the following might affect the Moonwalkers’ function? A.The hilly terrain. B.The rainy weather. C.The user’s weight. D.The walking distance. B We have long imagined a world where we interact with computers and robots as if they were normal human beings.Science fiction films show computers and robots that think and feel just like humans.While these scenes exist only in the movies for now,we may be getting close to making technology emotionally intelligent. The first step toward this is understanding what emotions are.Scientists are often unable to describe emotions in exact terms,even though we generally understand what people mean when they say they’re sad or happy. Back in the 1950s,few scientists studied emotion.But American scientist Paul Ekman saw a lot of potential in this field.He began analyzing facial expressions,and gathered a list of over 5,000 muscle movements.These muscle movements combine to form our different expressions.His discovery of micro expressions—facial expressions that last only less than a second—allows us to read the emotions that people try to hide. There are many possible uses of emotion-sensing technology.Dr Chieko Asakawa,a researcher at IBM,has been blind since the age of 14.She has been developing a smartphone app that might be able to help people with disabilities.It recognizes people’s faces and facial expressions as they approach. Another use of emotion-sensing technology can be shown through human-shaped robots like Pepper.It can comfort someone when it senses the person is sad,or tell a joke when the person is feeling playful.In Japan,Pepper is already serving customers in stores. But as we walk on the streets,intelligent devices (设备) could record our facial expressions without our knowledge.This could allow many people to monitor (监视) or view our feelings without our permission.It may leave us with no control over who we share our feelings with.However,if we can deal with these challenges successfully,there could be many benefits for all of us if our devices become a little more human. 4.How did Ekman carry out the study? A.By doing medical examinations. B.By analyzing various robots. C.By building new software. D.By studying facial muscles. 5.Why does the author mention Dr Asakawa’s app? A.To present how IBM benefits from technology. B.To describe the limitation of a new technology. C.To show the value of Ekman’s work. D.To praise what she has done. 6.What can we infer from the last paragraph about intelligent devices? A.They may create some problems. B.They can take the place of humans. C.They are of great benefit to humans. D.They are useless in solving real problems. 7.What is the best title for the text? A.Understanding Other People’s Emotions B.New Devices for the Disabled C.Robots That Think like Humans D.Emotions in Technology C The rise of the machines was always going to come at a cost,as each wave of technology destroys what has been put in place.The fast pace of technological development in the areas of artificial intelligence (AI) and robots is causing massive changes in the finance industry. The effect is already being felt on Wall Street,where there have been far-reaching and significant changes.Many investment banks and big institutions (机构),in order to cut costs and meanwhile increase the amount of work,use AI to take on financial tasks usually done by humans,such as wealth management,operations,risk management and trading,where robots carry out 50% to 60% market trades,according to CNN. The preference for technology over human traders results from the inability of the vast majority of traders to act consistently reasonably when they’re trading.Often,people fail to control themselves,allowing emotions to get in the way of their thoughts and actions.Machines don’t suffer from these psychological issues when a major trading decision is being made.This is because they remove emotions from short-term trading activity,allowing for a more objective approach to trading. Artificial intelligence and robotics are fast advancing in the investment sector,where their unbelievable abilities to learn and think will eventually make them the most advanced and complex investment systems capable of helping corporations to make more effective choices.Activities such as calculations based on structured data and other repetitive support tasks are well-suited for robots. While AI is probably the most powerful technology today,its ability to perform complex tasks is limited.Trading machines can only learn historical data and trade patterns.However,stock market behavior changes all the time and computers can be less skilled in the face of unexpected market performance.Humans can easily adjust themselves to these changes.Getting the robots to do the same,however,will require changing their algorithms (算法),which can be too expensive and time-consuming.For this reason,humans will always be a step ahead and remain useful. 8.Why do many institutions use AI to replace human employees? A.To show a preference for new technology. B.To promote working productivity. C.To expand the application of AI. D.To increase the safety of work. 9.What advantage do machines have over humans? A.They are hardly disturbed by moods. B.They can make subjective decisions. C.They are far more loyal to their jobs. D.They can perform complex tasks. 10.Which of the following can best describe the underlined word “structured” in paragraph 4? A.Advanced in a pattern. B.Repeated in a task. C.Complicated in data. D.Fixed in a system. 11.What will happen in the future according to the last paragraph? A.There will be an obvious rise in skilled workers. B.AI can create all-round profits at a low cost. C.Humans still have a place in the job market. D.Robots shall replace men at high speed. Ⅱ.七选五 School is a place where we students learn and live.Is everyone satisfied with his or her school life?When it comes to this question,I think how to enhance the sense of happiness is of great significance.Apart from trying to do well in our study,　1　  Taking exercise is the first thing we can do.As is known to all,regular exercise is beneficial to our health.It can strengthen our body.It helps us stay in shape.　2　 Therefore,we should find sports equipment,basketball courts and play areas where we can not only strengthen our body but increase our well-being.  Secondly,we are advised to provide proper nutrition for ourselves both inside and outside the school.As we grow up,our bodies consume a lot of energy and nutrition.　3　 In addition,if we want to keep healthy and stay away from doctors,we can take in different kinds of fresh foods and avoid eating too much junk food.  　4　 Many students fail to stop from using smartphones in school.There are some institutions that even encourage too much screen time as a way to teach students or keep them entertained.We should try to remain excited by doing other meaningful things instead of sitting in front of a screen throughout the day.  Last but not least,preventing bullying is also an essential part.Bullying continues to remain a common problem in some schools.In order to make the environment that we grow in hold a high standard,we should say “no” to any bullying in school.　5　 If we are being bullied or see a classmate being bullied,turn to teachers and parents for help immediately.  Do all the above,and you will enjoy your school life! A.We should get on well with others. B.Besides,we’d better limit our screen time. C.It can even help us concentrate on our study. D.there are a few things that we still can do. E.A balanced diet is vital. F.It can also help us relieve stress and make us delighted. G.In no case should we bully our classmates. Ⅲ.完形填空 Cruise down Highway 1 through the little beach town of Laguna Beach in California and you’ll be charmed by the unique shops,the sea breezes,and the sound of waves.This is where people come to relax,letting the stress of the modern world be 　1　.Just up the hill from the beach is the high school,where students will 　2　 on a Saturday for a 2-mile walk to raise money to build a well in a Kenyan village.  Most Kenyans live where clean water is　3　 to access.The climate 　4　 from extreme rain to extreme heat,making water resources challenging to 　5　.  The good news is water that falls in the rainy season is 　6　 far underground.But bringing it to the 　7　 can be a challenge.Shallower wells are less 　8　 but still require manpower and technology to work.A single well can supply water to an entire village,and this can be 　9　.  Students walked the beach town and 　10　 donations from businesses weeks before the first annual Healing Hands for Water Walk Fundraiser event in 2012.They 　11　 a lot more distance than the 2 miles they would during the event as student organizers Branner Grimsley,Klara Gundelach and Solveig Erngren pounded the boardwalk.But “making a 　12　 by helping these people’s lives in Africa” was worth it,Grimsley said.  In another Kenyan village,a well has just been completed.As the villagers 　13　 saw the hand pump,the anticipation builds.Within minutes,clean water flows.It is a 　14　 in such a dry village.Barrels are filled,and tears of 　15　 flow as easily as the well water.  1.A.thrown up B.carried away C.got through D.knocked down 2.A.meet B.discuss C.practice D.anticipate 3.A.convenient B.necessary C.easy D.hard 4.A.ranges B.marches C.advances D.switches 5.A.collect B.manage C.clear D.allocate 6.A.buried B.arranged C.stored D.drawn 7.A.surface B.sky C.sea D.well 8.A.cheap B.clean C.costly D.rich 9.A.long-living B.life-changing C.time-consuming D.energy-saving 10.A.presented B.confirmed C.requested D.processed 11.A.covered B.measured C.estimated D.expanded 12.A.donation B.change C.breakthrough D.difference 13.A.desperately B.unwillingly C.excitedly D.eventually 14.A.sight B.miracle C.barrier D.possibility 15.A.regret B.thankfulness C.sadness D.joy Ⅳ.语法填空 A five-month-old bird has set a new record for long-distance migration after 1.　　　　　　(fly)13,560 kilometers without stopping over a period of 11 days.The previous one was set two years ago by another bird that 2.　　　　　　(cover) about 12,000 kilometers in 11 days.  3.　　　　　　(million) of birds set for the sky for a long and quite hard journey to get away from the coming cold,feed,and have babies for 4.　　　　　　 next few months.A lot of them travel through distances of over 10,000 kilometers.This year,an 5.(astonish) 13,560 kilometers was covered by a bird,6.　　　　　　 set a new Guinness record in the process.This happened last month when the young bird had its 7.　　　　　　(depart) from Alaska to New Zealand for the winter.The bird took off 8.　　　　　　 October 13 from the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta in Alaska,followed the usual route across the Pacific Ocean down to New Caledonia and through the Tasman Sea,before making an unexpected 90-degree turn towards Tasmania rather than New Zealand.  Scientists had the ability 9.　　　　　　(know) the bird’s record flight with the help of a tiny tracker that only weighed 5 grams.An expert said the bird lost “half or more of its body weight” during the 11-day flight,but it made it arrive at the dry land 10.(safe).  参考答案 Ⅰ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款名为Moonwalkers的鞋子的情况。 1.C　细节理解题。根据How do Moonwalkers work?部分第一段中的“The artificial intelligence software driving Moonwalkers measures and adjusts on-the-fly to both the terrain you’re on and the way you walk,providing a safe and enjoyable walking experience.”可知,Moonwalkers得到了技术的帮助。 2.D　细节理解题。根据Why do you choose Moonwalkers?部分中的“·Expand your footprint:Moonwalkers make walking many city blocks,even further,no sweat.”可知,有了Moonwalkers,用户可以在不那么疲劳的情况下走得更远。 3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If you weigh more than 220 lbs,you can still use Moonwalkers but will experience slightly reduced performance in certain extreme conditions.”可知,用户体重会影响Moonwalkers的功能。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了情感智能技术的发展及运用。 4.D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He began analyzing facial expressions,and gathered a list of over 5,000 muscle movements.”及“His discovery of micro expressions...allows us to read the emotions that people try to hide.”可知,Ekman通过研究面部肌肉了解人类的微表情,最终达到了解人类情感的目的。 5.C　推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知,作者在此提到Dr Asakawa的软件是为了说明Ekman的情感智能技术在诸多领域的广泛运用及其重要性。 6.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“But as we walk on the streets...It may leave us with no control over who we share our feelings with.”可知,当“我”们走在街上时,这些智能设备有可能在“我”们不知情的情况下捕捉“我”们的微表情,使“我”们的情感未经允许而暴露于众目睽睽之下,从而使“我”们的隐私受到侵犯,所以该技术还存在一些问题。 7.D　标题归纳题。根据文中对表情识别技术在机器人及手机软件等方面的应用及发展可知,该文主要介绍了科技领域中的情感智能技术。 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了机器在执行金融任务时更客观,人工智能和机器人科学能帮助公司做出更有效的选择,但是人工智能执行复杂任务的能力是有限的,而人类则可以轻易地调整自己来适应市场变化。 8.B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“Many investment banks...done by humans”可知,许多机构使用人工智能来代替人类雇员是为了提高工作效率。 9.A　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知,在作出重大交易决定时,机器不会受这些心理问题的困扰,因为它们消除了短期交易活动中的情绪干扰,使交易方式更客观。据此可知,和人类相比,机器几乎不会被情绪干扰。 10.D　词义猜测题。根据第四段中“Activities such as...are well-suited for robots.”可知,机器人最擅长处理固定的数据和模式。故选D项。 11.C　推理判断题。根据尾段最后两句可知,让机器人做同样的事情需要改变它们的算法,这样成本太高并且费时;因为这个原因,人类将永远领先一步并有用。据此可以推断,人类在就业市场上仍然有一席之地。 Ⅱ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章从四个方面介绍了学生在校园应如何提高幸福感。 1.D　根据上文“Apart from trying to do well in our study”可知,D项中的“a few things that we still can do”承接上文的Apart from,提出我们还有几件事可以做,符合语境。 2.F　根据上文“As is known to all,regular exercise is beneficial to our health.It can strengthen our body.It helps us stay in shape.”可知,本段第二句说规律的运动对我们的健康有益,接着说明其好处,此空应继续介绍运动对健康的好处。 3.E　根据段落主题句“Secondly,we are advised to provide proper nutrition for ourselves both inside and outside the school.”可知,本段内容和饮食有关,空处说明“均衡饮食是至关重要的”与段落主题相符。 4.B　阅读该段可知,本段主要说明要控制看屏幕的时间。 5.G　根据上文“In order to make the environment that we grow in hold a high standard,we should say ‘no’ to any bullying in school.”和下文“If we are being bullied or see a classmate being bullied,turn to teachers and parents for help immediately.”可知,空处说明不要欺负别人。G项中的“bully”和上文中的“bullying in school”和下文中的“being bullied ”对应。 Ⅲ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一群来自加州拉古纳海滩高中的雄心勃勃的孩子们如何步行筹集资金,在肯尼亚挖更多的水井的故事。 1.B　根据上文中的“This is where people come to relax”可知,人们到这儿放松,以带走(carry away)现代社会的压力。 2.A　根据下文“on a Saturday for a 2-mile walk to raise money to build a well in a Kenyan village”可知,这些学生周六集合(meet)走两英里路去一个肯尼亚村子筹钱挖井。 3.D　根据上文叙述孩子们去肯尼亚村子挖井可知,大多数肯尼亚人生活在难以(hard)得到清洁水的地方。 4.A　根据本句语境可知,天气从极端的降雨转变为(ranges)极端的高温。 5.B　根据上文中的“The climate 　　　from extreme rain to extreme heat”可知,天气从极端的降雨转变为极端的高温,使得水资源的管理(manage)具有挑战性。  6.C　根据下文中的far underground可知,好消息是雨季的雨水储存(store)在地下深处。 7.A　根据But的转折意义可知,难以将储存在地下深处的水带到地表(surface)。 8.C　根据下文中的“but still require manpower and technology to work.”可知,较浅的井成本较低(costly),但仍然需要人力和技术。 9.B　根据上文的“A single well can supply water to an entire village”可知,一口井可以供应整个村庄的水,这可以让整个村庄改变生活(life-changing)。 10.C　根据本句句意可知,学生们请求(request)企业捐款。 11.A　根据下文“a lot more distance than the 2 miles they would during the event”可知,他们走完(cover)的距离远远超过了活动期间的2英里。 12.D　根据下文“by helping these people’s lives in Africa”可知,学生们通过帮助非洲人民的生活来产生影响(make a difference)。 13.C　根据下文中的“saw the hand pump”可知,村民们看到手摇泵十分兴奋(excitedly)。 14.B　根据下文中的“in such a dry village”可知,在这样一个干旱的村子里看到水井实属奇迹(miracle)。 15.D　根据上文中的“Barrels are filled”可知,村民的桶装满了水,喜悦(joy)的泪水像井水一样流淌。 Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一只五个月大的小鸟创造了一项新的长途迁徙纪录,它在11天内不间断地飞行了13,560千米。 1.flying　考查非谓语动词。介词after后应用动词-ing形式作宾语。 2.covered　考查时态。空前的that引导定语从句,空处为其谓语,根据前面的was set可知,应用一般过去时。 3.Millions　考查固定搭配。millions of为固定搭配,意为“数百万的”。 4.the　考查定冠词。特指接下来的几个月,应用定冠词the来修饰。 5.astonishing　考查形容词。修饰名词13,560 kilometers应用形容词作定语,表示“惊人的”用-ing形式的形容词。 6.which　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为a bird,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用which来引导。 7.departure　考查名词。此处应用名词departure作宾语,departure from意为“离开……”。 8.on　考查介词。在具体某一天,应用介词on。 9.to know　考查非谓语动词。have the ability to do sth为固定搭配,意为“有能力做某事”。 10.safely　考查副词。修饰arrive at应用副词safely作状语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $