Unit 2 Bridging Cultures 阅读·久久为功-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册教师用书word（人教版）

附：《阅读·久久为功》 一、背主题名句，写大气文章 1．(教材名句)I am not the same, having seen the moon shine on the other side of the world.—Mary Anne Radmacher 在世界的另一端看过月光闪耀，我就不会是同样的自己了。——玛丽·安妮·拉德马赫 2．Cultural exchanges are a bridge for world peace.—John F．Kennedy 文化交流是世界和平的桥梁。——约翰·F.肯尼迪 3．Culture is a bridge that connects different people and countries.—Gorky 文化是一座桥梁，连接着不同的人民和国家。——高尔基 4．The art of communication is the language of leadership.—James Humphrey 沟通的艺术是领导的语言。——詹姆斯·汉弗莱 5．Cultural exchange is the exchange of ideas, values, and ways of life that enriches the human experience and promotes understanding and respect among people.—Kofi Annan 文化交流是思想、价值观和生活方式的交流，丰富了人类的经验，促进了人们之间的理解和尊重。——科菲·安南 二、课文不厌百遍读，书中自有“黄金屋” 课文1　“WELCOME, XIE LEI！” BUSINESS STUDENT BUILDING BRIDGES (“欢迎你，谢蕾！”商科学生搭建文化交流的桥梁) Six months ago, 19­year­old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and boarded a plane for London.It was the first time that she had left China. “I was very excited but also quite nervous.I didn't know what to expect，” Xie Lei recalled. [课文对译] 半年前，19岁的谢蕾告别家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的班机。这是她第一次离开中国。“我很激动，也很紧张，不知道会发生什么。”谢蕾回忆道。 Xie Lei is studying for a business qualification at a university in China and has come to our university on a year­long exchange programme.“I chose the exchange programme because I wanted to learn about global business and improve my English. business in China after graduation，” she explained. [课文对译] 谢蕾在中国一所大学攻读商科，来我校参加为期一年的交流项目。“之所以选择这个交流项目，是因为我想了解全球商务，并提高我的英语水平。我的志向是毕业后在中国创办一家企业。”她解释道。 [难句破解]　 句①　to set up a business是不定式短语作表语，表示主语的内容。 At first, Xie Lei had to adapt to life in a different country.“You have to get used to a whole new life，”she said. didn't know the English names for. When I got lost, I had to ask passers­by for help, but people here speak fast and use words I'm not familiar with.I ask them to repeat themselves a lot！” [课文对译] 起初，谢蕾不得不去适应异国他乡的生活。“你必须习惯一种全新的生活。”她说，“我得学会使用公共交通，学会要到我不知道英文名称的东西。迷路时，我得向路人求助，但是这里的人讲话语速很快，而且使用的是我不熟悉的单词。我老是让他们重复！” [难句破解]　 句②　两个“疑问词＋不定式”结构并列作learn的宾语；定语从句I didn't know the English names for修饰things, 省略了关系代词that/which。 Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation， Xie Lei chose to live with a ③ host family, who can help with her adaptation to the new culture.“When I miss home, I feel comforted to have a second family，” Xie Lei said.“ or understand， I can ask them. They are also keen to learn about China.Laura, the daughter of my host family, wants to study in China in the future.We take turns to cook each evening.They really love my stir­fried tomatoes and eggs! Laura says she always feels hungry when she smells it, so I taught her how to cook it, too.” [课文对译] 虽然一些留学生住在学校里，但是谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，有助于她适应异国文化。“有第二个家，想家时我会得到些安慰。”谢蕾说。“当我有不知道或不理解的事情时，我可以咨询他们。他们对中国也很感兴趣，我房东的女儿劳拉将来想到中国求学。我们每晚轮流做饭，他们真的很爱吃我做的番茄炒蛋！劳拉说，每次闻到香味，她就感到饥肠辘辘，于是我教她做这道菜。” [难句破解]　 句③　although引导让步状语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a host family。 句④　I don't know or understand是定语从句，修饰先行词something，省略了关系代词that。当先行词是something, everything 等不定代词时，引导定语从句的关系代词常用that，不用which。 Another challenge for Xie Lei is the academic requirements. The first time that she had to write an essay, her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what other people had said if she cited their ideas, but that he mainly wanted to know what she thought! Xie Lei was confused because she thought she knew less than other people.Her tutor advised her to read lots of information in order to form a wise opinion of her own. [课文对译] 谢蕾面临的另一个挑战是学业要求。第一次写论文时，她的导师向她解释说，如果引用他人的观点就必须要注明，不过他主要还是想了解她本人的观点！谢蕾困惑不解，因为她觉得自己懂得没有别人多。她的导师建议她广泛阅读文献，形成自己睿智的观点。 Xie Lei also found many courses included students' participation in class as part of the final result.Students need to generate ideas, offer examples, apply concepts, and raise questions, as well as give presentations. At first， Xie Lei had no idea what she should say， but what surprised ⑤ her was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. “My presentation on traditional Chinese art was a great success, which boosted my confidence，” she said.“I'll use these skills back home for presentations.They'll help me build a strong business in the future.” [课文对译] 此外，谢蕾发现很多课程的最终成绩都包含学生的课堂参与。学生需要形成观点、提供例子、运用概念、提出问题，并且还要进行展示。刚开始的时候，谢蕾不知道该说些什么。但令她惊喜的是，仅仅几周时间，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。“我的中国传统艺术展示非常成功，提升了我的自信心。”她说，“回国后，我会将这些技能运用到展示中，帮助我未来打造一家强大的企业。” [难句破解]　 句⑤　本句是由but连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，what she should say是同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容；在第二个分句中，what surprised her是主语从句；that she found herself ...a few weeks是表语从句。 Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei feels much more at home in the UK.What “Engaging in British culture has helped，” she said.“As well as studying hard, I've been involved in social activities.British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it, so I'm keen to share my culture with them.While I'm learning about business, I'm also acting as a cultural messenger building a bridge between us.” We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later editions, but for now, we wish her all the best. [课文对译] 一年的交换生生涯现已过半，谢蕾感觉在英国过得轻松自如多了。以前看似奇怪的事情现在对她来说显得十分平常了。“融入英国文化使我受益匪浅。”她说，“努力学习之余，我还参加了一些社交活动。英国人对我们的文化十分着迷，渴望了解更多中国文化，因此我也乐于同他们分享。攻读商科的同时，我也扮演着文化使者的角色，在中外文化之间架起一座桥梁。” 我们会在随后的几期中跟踪报道谢蕾的进展情况，但现在我们祝她一切顺利。 [难句破解]　 句⑥　What seemed strange before是主语从句，what在从句中作主语。 课文2　STUDYING ABROAD: IS IT A GOOD OR A BAD IDEA? (留学：好主意，还是坏主意？) Dear Editor， In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people studying abroad. Although studying abroad can bring some benefits， I think the disadvantages for young ① people are greater. To begin with, many students who study abroad face great economic pressure.That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone.Tuition fees and living expenses are much higher than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg.Studying in China is much more convenient and can help save money. [课文对译] 尊敬的编辑： 过去几十年里，留学人数急剧增长。尽管留学大有裨益，但我认为，留学对于年轻人来说是弊大于利。 首先，许多留学生面临着巨大的经济压力，这意味着并非每个人都有留学的可能。国外的学费和生活开销比国内昂贵得多，大部分家庭最终可能要花费一大笔钱。而在中国读书则更加方便，还能省钱。 [难句破解]　 句①是although引导的让步状语从句，从句的主语是 studying abroad; the disadvantages ...greater是宾语从句。 Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure that comes with studying abroad.Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills. Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. Other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed.Some students might even encounter problems with personal safety.In addition, different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many students. [课文对译] 需要考虑的另一个重要因素是留学所带来的巨大压力。学生必须学会靠有限的语言技能在一个陌生的环境中生活。在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些学生可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨，另一些学生则还不够成熟，无法独立应付各种挑战，因而感到苦闷。有些学生甚至会遭遇人身安全问题。此外，不同的教和学的方式对很多学生来说也是一种冲击。 A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits， young ② people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! As China has boomed, the educational environment has improved significantly, with many great universities now available.They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country. To sum up， one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages， so when ③ you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors. Kind regards， Wang Li (mother of twin girls) [课文对译] 最后要考虑的一点是：尽管留学有诸多潜在的益处，但是在中国读书的年轻人同样未来可期！随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境已大为改观，优质大学比比皆是。这些高校拥有一流的设施和杰出的教授，助力培养为经济作贡献、进一步增强我国实力的年轻人。 综上所述，我们无法否认的事实是：留学有其弊端。因此当你想要海外求学时，应当考虑上述诸多因素。 谨致问候！ 王丽(一对双胞胎女孩的母亲) [难句破解]　 句②中that引导的是表语从句，该从句中包含一个who引导的定语从句，修饰young people。 句③中that引导的是同位语从句，when引导的是时间状语从句。 Dear Editor， Is studying abroad a good idea or not? There are certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater.As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard! [课文对译] 尊敬的编辑： 留学是个好主意还是坏主意呢？留学当然有其弊端，但我认为利大于弊。我时常告诫我儿子，对勇敢、乐观、愿意拼搏的人来说，世上无难事！ The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself.Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence. [课文对译] 留学的第一个好处就是个人成长。你获得的教育和拥有的经历将有助于你提升自我。例如，由于你需要独自应对各种困难，你一定会变得更加独立。留学还有助于你获得全球视野，提升综合能力。 Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange.Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations.International students in China also bring their colourful cultures here.Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture. [课文对译] 留学的另一个好处是获得更多文化交流的机会。中国留学生可被视为增进国际友谊的文化使者。在华的外国留学生也带来他们丰富多彩的文化。与来自不同文化背景的人合作有助于我们从不同视角看待世界，进而让我们对自己的文化有更深入的了解。 Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland.China's global outlook, with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, has helped us make connections across the world.Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong cultural awareness. Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better career opportunities. [课文对译] 最后，留学是为祖国的发展作出贡献的好机会。中国“一带一路”倡议等项目的全球前景帮助我们与世界建立联系。因此，中国需要更多有ｵ能、有国际视野、语言能力极强、具有领导力和组织能力、拥有强烈文化意识的年轻人。海外求学的学生能够培养这类技能，而这些技能反过来又将为他们带来更好的就业机会。 All in all， studying abroad helps to build character and increase people's understanding of ④ cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all. I think this life­changing experience is certainly worthwhile, and I hope my child will study abroad in the future. Sincerely yours， Zhang Yi (father of one boy) [课文对译] 总而言之，留学有助于塑造品格，增进人们对文化多样性的理解，同时增强中国打造人类命运共同体的实力。我认为这改变一生的经历当然是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来去国外留学。 此致 敬礼！ 张毅(一个男孩的父亲) [难句破解]　 句④为并列句，while strengthening China and building a shared future for all为省略句，补充完整为while it strengthens China and builds a shared future for all, it指文中的studying abroad。 三、词汇记忆无诀窍，适时“回首”记得牢 1．complex adj.　　　　 复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的 拓展|complexity n. 复杂性 反义|simple adj. 简单的 2．recall vt.&vi. 记起；回想起 同义|remember v. 记起；记住 3．qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历 4．qualify vt.&vi. (使)具备资格；(使)合格 拓展|qualified adj. 合格的 搭配|be qualified for 胜任…… 5．ambition n． 追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负 6．ambitious adj. 有野心的；有雄心的 7．adaptation n. 适应；改编本 拓展|adapt v. 适应 搭配|adapt to 适应…… 形似|adopt v. 采纳；收养 8．comfort n. 安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt. 安慰；抚慰 拓展|comfortable adj. 舒服的 9．tutor n． (英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师 10．cite vt. 引用；引述 同义|quote v. 引述 11．participate vi. 参加；参与 搭配|participate in 参加 拓展 12．presentation n. 报告；陈述；出示；拿出 13．speak up 大声点说；明确表态 拓展 14．feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束 同义|feel at ease 感到自在 15．engage vi. 参加；参与(活动) vt. 吸引(注意力、兴趣) 搭配|engage in (使)从事；参与 拓展|engagement n. 参与；参加 16．involve vt. 包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加 搭配|get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联 17．messenger n. 送信人；信使 18．edition n. 　 　　　　(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次 拓展 19．culture shock 文化冲击 20．zone n． (有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域 21．comfort zone 舒适区；舒适范围 22．overwhelming adj. 无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的 23．homesickness n. 思乡病；乡愁 拓展|homesick adj. 想家的；思乡的 24．motivated adj. 积极的；主动的 拓展 25．advisor n．(also adviser) 顾问 拓展 26．reasonable adj. 有道理的；合情理的 27．expectation n. 期望；预期；期待 搭配|live up to expectations 　 达到预期；不负所望 拓展 28．applicant n. 申请人 拓展 29．firm n. 公司；商行；事务所 adj. 结实的；牢固的；坚定的 同义|company n. 公司 30．exposure n. 接触；体验；暴露；揭露 搭配|exposure to 对……的接触 31．expose v． 使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境) 搭配|expose ...to ...　 把……暴露给…… 32．insight n. 洞察力；眼光 33．departure n. 离开；启程；出发 拓展|depart v. 离开；分别 34．setting n． 环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景 35．grasp vt. 理解；领会；抓紧 同义|understand/comprehend 36．dramatic adj. 巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧(般)的 拓展 37．expense n. 费用；花费；开销 拓展|expensive adj. 昂贵的 同义|cost 38．cost an arm and a leg (使)花一大笔钱 39．tremendous adj. 巨大的；极大的 同义|large/big/massive 40．behave vi. 表现 vi.&vt. 表现得体；有礼貌 拓展|behaviour n．[U]　 举止；行为；习性 41．surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的 拓展|surroundings n．[pl.]　 环境；周围的事物 42．mature adj. 成熟的 43．depressed adj. 沮丧的；意志消沉的 拓展|depress vt. 使沮丧；使忧愁 44．boom vi.&n. 迅速发展；繁荣 45．strengthen vi.&vt. 加强；增强；巩固 拓展|strength n. 力量；力气 46．deny vt. 否认；否定；拒绝 47．optimistic adj. 乐观的 拓展|optimism n. 乐观主义 反义|pessimistic adj. 悲观的 48．gain vt. 获得；赢得；取得；增加 n. 好处；增加 同义|get/acquire 49．perspective n. (思考问题的)角度；观点 同义|angle 50．competence n. 能力；胜任；本领 同义 51．competent adj. 有能力的；称职的 52．envoy n. 使者；使节；代表 53．cooperate vi. 合作；协作；配合 搭配|cooperate with 与……合作 拓展|cooperation n. 合作 54．angle n. 角；角度；立场 形似|angel n. 天使 55．outlook n. 前景；可能性；观点 同义|prospect 56．belt n. 腰带；地带 57．initiative n. 倡议；新方案 拓展|initiate v. 发起；开始实施 58．sincerely adv. 真诚地；诚实地 59．budget n. 预算 60．side with 支持；站在……的一边 同义|support/back up 61．logical adj. 合乎逻辑的；合情合理的 拓展|logic n. 逻辑 62．as far as I know 据我所知 63．as far as I am concerned　 就我而言；依我看来 64．in summary 总的来说；总之 同义|in sum 总之 65．generally speaking 一般来说 66．outcome n. 结果；效果 同义|result/consequence 四、范文佳作多背诵，写作增分最实用 (一)单元写作任务范文背诵 写作话题 1　向外国交换生介绍学校 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Brad要来你们学校做交换生，并发邮件向你咨询有关事项。请你按以下要点给他回信，内容包括： 1．表示欢迎；　2.介绍学校情况；　3.表达祝愿。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；　2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [推荐范文] Dear Brad， Knowing that you're coming to our school as an exchange student, I'm delighted to tell you about our school and life here. Covering an area of 8,000 square meters, our school is the largest high school in our city.As a school focusing on students' personality development, we have various clubs.Besides, there is a stadium where various activities can be held.What's more, good restaurants can be chosen to have meals.More importantly, our school enjoys a good reputation for its top education quality. I hope you will come here to enjoy your stay and study soon. Yours， Li Hua 写作话题 2　文化交流 假定你是李华，一名对外文化交流中心的志愿者。近日，一个来自美国的中学生团队将参加交流中心组织的为期三天的中国茶文化之旅。请你代表交流中心写一篇欢迎辞，内容包括： 1．表示欢迎；　2.旅程安排；　3.你的期望。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；　2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [推荐范文] Dear friends， On behalf of the Foreign Cultural Exchange Center, I would like to extend our warm welcome to you all. During your stay, you will have the opportunity to visit famous tea plantations, learn about the history and traditions of tea processing, and taste various kinds of Chinese tea.We will also arrange some cultural activities for you to experience, such as calligraphy and traditional Chinese music performances. We hope this trip will not only allow you to gain a deeper understanding of Chinese tea culture, but also provide a platform for cultural exchange and friendship building.Thanks for listening. (二)单元主题优美语段背诵 语段1　对出国留学的看法 In my opinion, it is a good thing that more Chinese people go abroad.There are three reasons.First，the overseas learners can improve their ability through the study.They can grasp advanced technologies and their language ability can be improved as well.Second, with the rapid development of China, more and more overseas learners will choose to come back, using their abundant knowledge acquired abroad to serve the motherland.Third, the government and most domestic enterprises are willing to provide favorable treatments to attract them to come back. 在我看来，更多的中国人出国是一件好事。理由有三。首先，海外学习者可以通过学习提高自己的能力。他们可以掌握先进的技术，并且他们的语言能力也可以提高。第二，随着中国的快速发展，越来越多的海外学习者将选择回国，用他们在国外学到的丰富知识为祖国服务。第三，政府和大多数国内企业愿意提供优惠待遇，以吸引他们回来。 语段2　文化差异 I finally knew how Kim had misunderstood what I had said.“Listen, Kim，” I took her hands in mine to calm her down, “Chinese parents might say critical things about their children to show modesty but young people are always expected to be respectful to the elders.” Hearing this, Kim sighed deeply, her cheeks flushed.The awkward silence was soon dispelled as the misunderstanding was erased.Drooping her head, Kim apologized for her impolite behavior.Mrs O'Meara winked at her, joking, “That's all right.We know you didn't mean it！” 我终于明白了金是怎么误解了我的话。“听着，金，”我握住她的手，让她冷静下来，“中国父母可能会说一些批评孩子的话，以示谦虚，但年轻人总是要尊敬长辈。”听到这些话，金深深地叹了口气，她的脸颊涨红了。随着误会的消除，尴尬的沉默很快就消失了。她低下头，为自己的不礼貌行为道歉。奥米拉太太对她眨了眨眼睛，开玩笑说：“没关系。我们知道你不是故意的！” 五、主题集群阅读，拓展主题认知 时尚悦读(一)　解读中国 The world of Chinese literature is one that is familiar to us all.But have you ever stopped to wonder what works are read outside of China and how they are received? Today, four Sinologists and translators share their experience of Chinese literature with us.They are： Petko, aged 43 from Bulgaria Annelous, aged 34 from the Netherlands Joachim, aged 25 from France Mai, aged 28 from Egypt Q1: How_did_you_get_interested_in_Chinese_literature? Petko：It all started with a movie I watched when I was a boy — The Shaolin Temple.That movie gave me so many reasons to fall in love with China.I was amazed by Chinese kung fu, of course — everyone loves kung fu, don't they? I also thought the Chinese language sounded so beautiful，and I found that I liked Chinese music，too — I just loved the movie's theme tune, Song of the Shepherd. Annelous：I became interested in languages at a young age.When I started high school, I began reading books about Chinese history and culture, and this inspired me to choose Chinese Studies as my academic major at university. Joachim：When I was 15 years old, my mother bought me a copy of the classic Shi Ji, or Records of the Grand Historian. Prior to that, the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer's epic poems.Records of the Grand Historian was my first encounter with Chinese classical literature.After reading it，I realised the true genius of China's “Grand Historian”， Sima Qian.His writing had a profound effect on me, and I have this to thank for my passion for Chinese literature. Mai：I gradually fell in love with Chinese literature when I started working as a translator.Most of the translated works of literature in Egypt are from the English­speaking world, so reading Chinese literature was a stimulating and inspiring experience. Q2: How_do_you_select_works_to_translate? Petko：I particularly like classical Chinese literature, especially works from the Ming and Qing dynasties.I fell in love with Dream of the Red Chamber the first time I read it, and was determined to translate it into Bulgarian.Now that this dream has come true, my next goal is to translate The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Annelous：In the Netherlands, the decision as to which works of Chinese literature get ① translated is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists. In addition, publishing houses tend to look to other countries to see which Chinese works have sold well there.I've so far translated the writings of several young Chinese authors, and I'm looking forward to their new works. Joachim：I just go with what I like and what I am interested in.I've translated some poems by Dai Wangshu.Right now, I'm doing research into popular literature in Shanghai at the start of the 20th century. Mai：I don't care if a writer is popular or not.What interests me most is the work itself.I've translated some works by authors such as Xi Murong and Bi Shumin.I also keep a close eye on what's being self­published online by new, young authors — they have some good ideas. Q3: Which_works_by_Chinese_writers_are_popular_in_your_country? Petko：Thirty­six Stratagems has sold more than 1,000 copies in Bulgaria.When you consider that here the ，Thirty­six Stratagems is a best­seller in Bulgaria! Annelous：Each year sees more works by Chinese writers published in the Netherlands，and they are well­received.The people that buy and read these books do so because they want to learn more about Chinese culture and everyday life in China.On the whole, I do have to admit that here, people's knowledge of Chinese literature is rather limited. Joachim：Many works by modern writers such as Lu Xun and Shen Congwen have been translated into French. And the novels of some contemporary writers also sell quite well in France.Literature has a lot of significance to the French, and Chinese literary works tend to be highly thought of. Mai：Egyptians like literature that reflects human nature and experience.A couple of good examples of this are “Fond Memories of Autumn” by Shi Tiesheng and “Street Scene” by Zhou Guoping.I think Egypt and China are closely connected and both have a lot in common.Because of this, Chinese literary works really strike a chord in the hearts of Egyptian readers. [难句破解] 句①　句子主干是 the decision is largely influenced by the opinions of respected Sinologists；as to ...translated 属于介词短语作后置定语，修饰 decision；which works of Chinese literature get translated 是 which 引导的宾语从句，作 as to 的宾语，which在从句中作定语。 句②　When 引导时间状语从句，从句中的 consider 后是 that 引导的宾语从句；在宾语从句中，a writer can usually hope for 是定语从句，修饰先行词 the best。to sell ...work 是不定式短语作表语。 [助读译文]　 我们都对中国文学再熟悉不过了。可你有没有想过，在中国以外的地方，人们都读过哪些中国文学作品？这些作品受到怎样的评价？今天，四位汉学家、译者将给我们分享他们有关中国文学的经历。他们是： 佩特科，43岁，来自保加利亚 安妮鲁斯，34岁，来自荷兰 若阿基姆，25岁，来自法国 马伊，28岁，来自埃及 问题1：你是怎么对中国文学产生兴趣的？ 佩特科：一切都要从我小时候看的一部叫《少林寺》的电影说起。那部电影给了我很多让我爱上中国的理由。我当然为中国功夫所叹服——人人都喜欢功夫，不是吗？我还觉得中文听起来那么美，我发现我也喜欢中国的音乐——我特别喜欢电影的主题曲《牧羊曲》。 安妮鲁斯：我从小就对语言感兴趣。上高中的时候，我开始读中国历史和文化方面的书，这启发我在大学选择了汉学专业。 若阿基姆：我15岁的时候，妈妈给我买了一本经典名著《史记》。在此之前，我唯一接触过的历史巨作是《荷马史诗》。《史记》是我接触的第一部中国的经典文学作品。通过阅读《史记》，我领略了中国“太史公”司马迁的才华。他的文章对我影响很大，激发了我对中国文学的热情。 马伊：我开始从事翻译工作后，渐渐对中国文学产生了兴趣。埃及大多数文学译作来自英语国家，所以读中国文学作品使人兴奋，也鼓舞人心。 问题 2：你是如何选择作品来翻译的？ 佩特科：我特别喜欢中国古典文学，尤其是明清时期的作品。我第一次读到《红楼梦》时就喜欢上了它，并决心把它译成保加利亚语。现在这个梦想已经实现了，我的下一个目标就是翻译《三国演义》。 安妮鲁斯：在荷兰，声望高的汉学家很大程度上影响翻译作品的选择。此外，出版社往往会参考其他国家哪些中国作品畅销。到目前为止，我已翻译了几位中国年轻作家的著作，并期待他们的新作。 若阿基姆：我只是随着喜好和兴趣走。我已翻译了戴望舒的几首诗歌。现在，我正在研究20世纪初上海的流行文学。 马伊：我不在乎一个作家是否受欢迎。我最感兴趣的是作品本身。我翻译过席慕蓉和毕淑敏等作家的作品。我还密切关注新的年轻作者自己在网上发表的作品——他们有一些不错的想法。 问题3：中国哪些作家的作品在贵国较受欢迎？ 佩特科：《三十六计》在保加利亚卖出了一千多本。在保加利亚，作者通常最期待的是自己的作品卖几百本，《三十六计》在保加利亚是畅销书！ 安妮鲁斯：每年都有更多中国作家的作品在荷兰出版，它们很受欢迎。购买和阅读这些书籍的人想要更多地了解中国文化和日常生活。总的来说，我不得不承认，在荷兰，人们对中国文学的了解相当有限。 若阿基姆：现代作家如鲁迅、沈从文的很多作品已被翻译成法语，还有当代部分作家的小说在法国也很畅销。文学对法国人来说意义重大，中国的文学作品往往获得很高评价。 马伊：埃及人喜欢反映人性和人生经历的文学。其中，史铁生的《秋天的怀念》和周国平的《街头即景》就是很好的例子。我认为埃及和中国联系紧密，有许多共同之处。正因为如此，中国文学作品才真正引起了埃及读者的共鸣。 时尚悦读(二)　文化冲击 My friend Dr.Dong had a wonderful chance to go to Seattle to present a paper at a professional meeting. Having attended my course in Intercultural Communications， he consulted me to review ① some of the cultural differences he might experience. I also gave him the phone number of a friend of mine who lived in the area.When he got back, we met to review his experience. Dr.Dong told me that the course information had helped him.He experienced the typical stages of culture shock.He arrived expectant and happy and enjoyed his first days very much.At the medical conference, he felt quite confident in his area of research and was able to perform well in his presentation.But after a few days, he began to feel uncomfortable.His medical English was fine, but the social interaction skills were different, and he was unsure of the cues and the communication style. He worried more and more that he was misunderstanding simple English greetings and table talk conventions. When someone greeted him with “Hi， how's it going？” he thought they had asked him “where are you going？” and answered with the name of the conference hall, only ② to get a quizzical stare from them. At a western style dinner, a colleague asked, “So how're you enjoying the States？” he thought he heard, “how are you enjoying your steak？” and answered that he was eating chicken, not beef.That time, they smiled, and patiently repeated the question, then both laughed at the error. Such misunderstandings and miscommunications were minor.But for Dr.Dong, they were the beginning of a sense of “cultural confusion”. By the end of the meetings, he felt a deep sense of “cultural stress” and was worn out from having to pay attention to so many new expressions and ways of dealing with things. He felt his handshake was not as firm as Americans'， found that people reacted unusually when he modestly insisted his English was not good after they ③ complimented him, didn't know how to accept dinner invitations properly and therefore missed out on going to several lunches, and so on. Eventually, he was so bewildered that he felt the full impact of “culture shock”. [难句破解]　 ①句中“Having ...Communications”是现在分词短语作状语，相当于After he had attended my course ...; he might experience是省略了关系词that/which的定语从句。 ②句中when引导的是时间状语从句，句子的主干成分是he thought ...and answered ...。 ③句是多谓语动词句，主语是he，谓语动词有felt, found, didn't know和missed out。 [助读译文] 我的朋友董医生有幸获得了一次去西雅图在一个专业会议上做学术报告的好机会。已经上过我的跨文化交际课程，他向我咨询可能遇到的一些文化差异方面的问题。我也把住在那里的我朋友的电话号码给了他。当他回来后，我们一起回顾了他的经历。 董医生告诉我，所学课程派上了用场。他经历了典型的文化冲击期。他满怀期待高高兴兴地到了美国，非常愉快地度过了最初几天。在医学会议上，他对自己的研究领域颇为自信，而且他所做的陈述也相当成功。但几天后，他开始感到有些不适应了。他的医学英语不错，可是社交技能却是另一码事，他拿不准那些暗示语及交际风格。 他越来越担心他误解简单的英语问候语以及餐桌交谈礼仪。当有人用“嗨，一切都好吗？”向他打招呼时，他以为是问他“你要去哪里？”因而答之以会议厅的名字，结果招来了疑惑的目光。在一次西式的晚宴上，一位同事问他：“你在美国过得好吗？”他听成了“你觉得牛排味道如何？”因而回答说他在吃鸡肉，不是牛肉。他们笑了笑，并耐心地重复了那句问话，然后双方哈哈大笑。 这类的误解和交流不畅还是次要的。但对于董医生来说，这只是“文化困惑”的开始。在会议快要结束时，他深深地感到了“文化压力”，要面对这么多的新词新语及处事方式，他心力交瘁。他感到自己握手不如美国人那么有力；在人们称赞他后他谦虚地坚持说他的英语不好时，他发现他们的反应异乎寻常；他搞不清如何有分寸地接受宴会邀请，从而错过了几次午餐，如此等等，不一而足。最终，他被搞得不知所措，彻底感受了“文化冲击”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $