专题01 Units 1～2 单词短语句型语法（期中复习知识清单）八年级英语下学期新教材沪教版

专题01 Units 1~2 单词短语句型语法 Unit 1 Helping those in need 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.elderly adj. 上了年纪的 → _______ adj. 年长的 2.offer v. 主动提出 → _______ v. 过去式 / 过去分词；_______ n. 提供；提议 3.serious adj. 严重的 → _______ adv. 严重地； 4.disease n. 病；疾病 → _______ n. 复数 5.cancer n. 癌；癌症 → _______ n. 复数 6.spirits n. [pl.] 情绪；心境 → _______ n. 单数 7.pain n. 痛苦；苦恼 → _______ adj. 痛苦的；_______n. 复数 8.belong v. 适应；合得来 →_______ v. 过去式 / 过去分词；_______ n. 归属；_______ n. 财产 9.spare adj. 空闲的；空余的→（近义词_______ 10.volunteer v. 自愿做 → _______ adj. 自愿的；_______ adv. 自愿地；_______ v. 过去式 / 过去分词 11.joy n. 高兴；愉快；喜悦 →_______ adj. 高兴的；_______ adv. 喜悦地 12. lose v. 丧失；失去 → _______v. 过去式 / 过去分词；_______ n. 损失；_______ adj. 丢失的 13. raise v. 筹募 →_______ v. 过去式 / 过去分词 14. pound n. 英镑 → _______ n. 复数 15. structure n. 结构 → _______ adj. 结构的；_______ n. 复数 16. permission n. 准许；许可 → _______ v. 允许；_______ v. 过去式 / 过去分词 17. arrange v. 排列；布置 →_______ n. 安排；_______v. 过去式 / 过去分词 18. donate v. 捐赠；赠送 → _______n. 捐赠；_______ v. 过去式 / 过去分词 19. mighty adj. 巨大的；非凡的 → _______adv. 巨大地；非凡地 20. pleasant adj. 愉快的；宜人的 → _______ adv. 愉快地；_______adj. 令人不快的→_______v. 使.....高兴 21. ease v. 减轻；缓解 →_____ adj. 容易的；_______ adv. 容易地；______v. 过去式 / 过去分词 22. ache v. 疼痛；隐痛 →_______adj. 疼痛的；_______v. 过去式 / 过去分词 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 志愿工作 ______________ 残障人士 ______________ 照料，照顾 ______________ 遭受，患……病 ______________ （使）高兴起来 ______________ 使某人振奋 ______________ 情绪低落 ______________ 目的是，为了 ______________ 在危难中，在穷困中的 ______________ 插花 ______________ 收拾，整理 ______________ 枉费心机，徒劳无益 ______________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1. a girl ______________ Liu Yun 一个叫刘云的女孩（过去分词作后置定语） 2. have difficulty+ ______________做某事有困难 3. offer______________主动提出做某事 4. spend time __________ sb. 与某人共度时光 5. continue _____ 继续做某事 6. take part_____参加（做）某事 7. suffer from+_____ 遭受；因...而受苦 8. __________适应；属于（副词________前不加to） / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1. I saw a notice for ____________ at the children’s hospital, so my best friend and I ____________help. 我看到了儿童医院的志愿工作通知，所以我和最好的朋友主动提出帮忙。 2. The children there all________________________ like cancer. 那里的孩子都身患癌症之类的重病。 3. We wanted to____________ with some fun activities. 我们想用一些有趣的活动让他们开心起来。 4. We ____________ a painting competition________________________. 我们组织了一场绘画比赛来提振他们的情绪。 5. We ____________ time ____________ a girl ____________ Liu Yun. 我们和一个叫刘芸的女孩待了一会儿。 6. My mother and I will continue to visit Liu Yun____________. 我和妈妈会在空闲时间继续去看望刘芸。 7. Some of them ________________________ around and ____________ social activities. 他们中有些人行动不便，也很难参与社交活动。 8. I will____________________________________ in the future. 我以后会继续做志愿工作。 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 动词不定式 基本 形式 to +____________（动词原形） 有时to可省略 My best friend and I offered to help. 我的好朋友和我提供帮助。 否定 形式 ____________ He tells me not to tell him the truth. 他叫我不要告诉他真相。 动词 不定式 的作用 ① 作主语 句型1:____________ 做某事是……的 句型2:____________ 某人花费时间做某事 It is interesting to go hiking. 去远足很有趣。 It took me an hour to go home. 我花了1小时回家。 ② 作宾语 想要want, 忘记forget, 同意agree 需要need, 尝试try, 学习learn 继续continue，提供offer, 计划plan 希望hope/wish, 决定decide, 开始begin/start My best friend and I offered to help. 我的好朋友和我提供帮助。 She wants to help people in need. 她想要帮助有需要的人们。 ③ 作宾语补足语 请求ask, 命令order, 允许allow 告诉tell, 鼓励encourage, 邀请invite 警告warn, 教授teach, 期待expect 想要would like, 建议advise, 提醒remind We encourage them to sing songs. 我们鼓励他们唱歌。 We invite him to join us. 我们邀请他来加入我们。 ④ 作目的状语：to do= in order to do She goes to school to learn Chinese. 她上学学中文。 省略to 不定式 “三个让” ____________ sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 My mom makes me clean my room. 妈妈让我打扫房间。 “三个看” ____________sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 I watch her play the piano every day. 我每天看她弹钢琴。 ____________ sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事 I often hear him sing songs. 我经常听到他唱歌。 ____________ sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 He helps her do housework. 他帮助她做家务。 ____________ do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 You had better not play computer games too long. 你最好不要玩太久电脑游戏。 两个接 既能接不定式，又能接动名词的动词或词组 ①____________ 努力做某事 ____________ 尝试做某事 I’ll try to finish my homework now. 我会努力现在完成作业。 Why not try eating this new cake? 为什么不尝试吃这块新蛋糕呢？ ② ____________ 停下来，去做另一件事 ____________ 停止做某事 We stopped running to drink some water. 我们停止跑步，去喝了点水。 ③ ____________ 记得去做某事 ____________ 记得做过某事 Remember to turn off the lights. 你离开时记得关灯。 I remember seeing this movie. 我记得看过这部电影了。 ④ ____________忘记去做某事 ____________ 忘记做过某事 Don’t forget to take your umbrella. 别忘了带你的伞。 He forgot giving me the book. 他忘了把书给我了。 单元写作 写作目标： 本单元的话题是“申请组织一项校园志愿活动”，要求学生能对想要组织的活动进行描写并礼貌地提出申请。 本单元写作要求同学们能根据相关信息提示写出所举办的志愿活动的时间地点原因等，旨在让学生练习撰写正式的英语申请信，同时锻炼他们在特定情境下的英语表达能力和创造性思维。 学生将选择一个志愿活动进行申请，通过写作展示他们举办活动的理由。 写作时；时态：一般将来时+ 一般现在时 ; 人称:第一人称+第二人称 谋篇布局 开头 自我介绍+说明写信目的：申请组织 / 参加某项校园志愿活动 中间 具体说明活动内容（核心段落）:活动名称、时间、地点; 活动目的与意义;活动具体安排 结尾 礼貌表达希望+感谢:希望得到批准;承诺认真负责;感谢考虑 二、写作通用表达 1. 开头常用句型： A.I’m_______________.I’m writing to apply to ______________. 我是______________。我写信是为了申请______________。 B.I would like to______________ and I’m writing to ask for your permission. 我想要______________，特此写信请求您的许可。 I’m writing to apply to organize a volunteer activity in our school. 我写信是为了申请组织一项校园志愿活动。 I would like to organize a volunteer activity and I’m writing to ask for your permission. 我想组织一次志愿活动，特此写信请求许可。 2. 中间活动介绍句型 (1)活动目的 A.The purpose/aim of the activity is to do sth. 该活动的目的/目标是_______________。 B. In order to______________, we plan/ arrange/ organize_________________. 为了______________，我们计划/安排/组织________________。 The purpose of the activity is to enrich our school life. 该活动的目的是丰富我们的校园生活。 In order to help poor children, we organize a charity sale. 为了帮助贫困儿童，我们组织一场义卖活动。 (2)活动时间、地点 It will be held +时间+ 地点. 活动将于+ ______________于+ ______________ 举行。 It will be held at 9:00 a.m. this Sunday in the school hall. 它将于本周日上午 9 点在学校礼堂举行。 (3)活动内容(2~3点，分点叙述) A.First , we will ______________ (do sth.), which can ______________ (简要说明作用). 首先，我们将____________（执行某项操作），该操作可实现______________（达成特定简要说明作用）。 B. Besides/In addition, we plan to ______________ (do sth.) to ______________ (简要说明目的). 此外，我们计划______________（具体行动）来实现______________（简要说明目的）。 C. Finally, we will ______________ (do sth.) so that ______________ (简要说明效果). 此外，我们计划______________（具体行动）来实现______________（简要说明目的）。 First, we will visit the elderly in the nursing home, which can bring them warmth and care. 首先，我们将去养老院看望老人，该操作可实现为他们带去温暖与关怀。 Besides/In addition, we plan to perform shows and chat with them to enrich their spare time and relieve their loneliness. 此外，我们计划表演节目并陪他们聊天来实现丰富他们的闲暇时光、缓解孤独感。 Finally, we will send small gifts and take group photos so that they can feel remembered and loved for a long time. 最后，我们将赠送小礼物并合影留念，以此让他们长久感受到被惦记、被关爱。 3. 结尾句型（希望得到批准，表达感谢） We sincerely hope that_____________.Thank you! 我们衷心希望_____________.谢谢! We would be thankful if _____________. 如___________，我们将不胜感激。 We sincerely hope that you will approve of our plan, and we would be very grateful.Thank you! 我们诚挚希望您能批准本方案，对此我们将深表感激。谢谢！ We would be thankful if you could approve our application. 如能批准我们的申请，我们将不胜感激。 Thank you for your time and consideration.感谢您拨冗审阅。 三、范文背诵 Dear teachers, I’m Li Hua from Class 2, Grade 8. I’m writing to apply to organize a school volunteer activity about environmental protection. The purpose of the activity is to make our school cleaner and more beautiful, and to raise students’ awareness of protecting the environment. It will be held at 2:30 p.m. next Friday on the school playground. First, we will pick up rubbish in different areas of our school, which can keep our campus clean and tidy. Besides, we plan to put up posters to tell students how to save water and electricity. Finally, we will give a short speech to call on everyone to take action in daily life. We sincerely hope you will approve our plan. We promise to take the activity seriously and organize it well. Thank you for your time and consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Hua Unit 2 Body language 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. shake v. 摇动；抖动 → _______v.过去式→ _______v. 过去分词 2. clap v. 鼓掌；拍手 → ______ v. 过去式/过去分词 3. madam n. 夫人；女士 4. boss n. 老板 → _______ n. 复数 5. expression n. 表情；神色 → ______v. 表达 6. impression n. 印象 → ______ v. 给…… 留下印象 → ______ adj. 令人印象深刻的 7. hold v. 使保持（在某位置） → ______v. 过去式 / 过去分词 8. observe v. 注意到；观察到 → ______ n. 观察 → ______ n. 观察者 9. remind v. 提醒；使想起 → ______n. 提醒物 10. ______ n. 芭蕾舞 11.nod v. 点头 → ______ v. 过去式 / 过去分词 12.meaning n. 意义；意思 → ______v. 意思是；打算 → ______ adj. 有意义的 13.immediately adv. 立即；马上；立刻 → ______adj. 立即的 14.shy adj. 羞怯的；腼腆的 → ______ n. 害羞 15.case n. 具体情况；事例 → ______ n. 复数 16. direct adj. 直接的 → ______ adv. 直接地 → ______ n. 方向 17.truly adv. 真诚地 → ______adj. 真的 → ______ n. 真相 18.suppose v. 假定；假设 → ______ adj. 假定的 19. behaviour n. 行为；举止 → ______ v. 表现 20. uncomfortable adj. 不自在的 → ______ adj. 舒适的 → ______adv. 舒适地 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 1. ____________ 抬起 2.____________坐起来；坐直 3.____________ 给......留下好印象 4.____________ 目光接触 5. ____________ 注意 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1.instead of _______而不是做某事 2.smile_______+对象 对…微笑 3._______ 超过；不仅仅 4._______ +句子 是......的方式（法） 5.try _______ 尝试做某事 6.make sb._______让某人感到受欢迎 7.mean _______意味着做某事 8. avoid+_______避免（做）某事 9. pay attention_______注意（做）某事 10. remind sb._______ sth. 提醒某人某事 11.remind sb. _______ 使......某人想起 12. remind sb._______ 提醒某人+句子 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. People always _________ Lele_________ me. 大家总是选乐乐而不选我。 2. ____________________________________. 问题出在你的沟通方式上。 3. _____________________________________________. 沟通不只是说话。 4. Her body language is__________________, so they__________________. 她的肢体语言让人觉得亲切，所以大家都愿意找她帮忙。 5. Haoran_________ Lele carefully _________ and then decided to improve his own body language. 浩然仔细观察了乐乐一会儿，决定改善自己的肢体语言。 6. He_________ and__________________ people. 他坐直身体，试着对别人微笑。 7. She wanted to__________________tomorrow is her birthday. 她是来提醒我明天是她的生日的。 8. You_________ more_________with them. 你最好跟他们有更多的眼神交流。 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 动词-ing形式 动词-ing 形式在 句子中的作用 1. 作主语时，表示一件事或一个概念。 ① _______动名词作主语时，谓语动词用_______形式。 ② _______的动名词作主语时，谓语动词用_______数形式。 Reading books is my favourite activity. 阅读是我最喜欢的活动。 Reading books and listening to music are my favourite activities. 阅读和听音乐是我最喜欢的活动。 2. 作宾语 ① 作动词的宾语 完成_______, 练习_______, 值得_______, 忙_______考虑_____, 建议_____，不禁想_____ 保持_____，习惯__________, 别放弃_____喜欢_____，思念_____，要介意_____ ② 作介词的宾语。介词有in, on, at, of, for, from, up, with, without, before, after等。 He practises playing football every day. 他每天练习踢足球。 They keep running every night. 他们每晚保持跑步。 Are you interested in singing? 你对唱歌感兴趣吗？ He gave up smoking. 他放弃了抽烟。 两个接 既能接不定式，又能接动名词的动词或词组 ①_________ 努力做某事 _________尝试做某事 I’ll try to finish my homework now. 我会努力现在完成作业。 Why not try eating this new cake? 为什么不尝试吃这块新蛋糕呢？ ②_________ 停下来，去做另一件事 _________ 停止做某事 We stopped running to drink some water. 我们停止跑步，去喝了点水。 ③ _________记得去做某事 _________ 记得做过某事 Remember to turn off the lights. 你离开时记得关灯。 I remember seeing this movie. 我记得看过这部电影了。 ④ _________忘记去做某事 _________忘记做过某事 Don’t forget to take your umbrella. 别忘了带你的伞。 He forgot giving me the book. 他忘了把书给我了。 ⑤_________看到/听到某人做某事 _________看到/听到某人正在做某事 We often hear him playing the guitar. 我们经常听到他弹吉他。 I saw them playing football when I walked past the playground. 当我走过操场的时候，我看到他们正在踢足球。 ⑥ _________打算/意图做某事 _________ 意味着做某事 I mean to help you. 我打算帮你。 Success means working hard. 成功意味着努力。 形容词 1. 以__________结尾的形容词，常用来说明事物的特征，表示“_____”。 2. 以_____结尾的形容词，常用来说明人的感受或状态，表示“__________”。 We watched an exciting movie last night.我们昨晚看了一部令人激动的电影。 We felt excited when we watched the movie . 当我们看这部电影时，我们感到很兴奋。 单元写作 写作目标：介绍一种肢体语言 具体要求：选择一种常见的肢体语言（如：点头、微笑、眼神交流、手势等），撰写一篇短文介绍其在不同情境下的多种含义和文化差异。 谋篇布局 开头 引入要介绍的肢体语言 中间 分点介绍不同情境下的不同含义或文化差异 结尾 理解肢体语言的意义 二、写作通用表达 1.开头引入句型 Among all kinds of body languages, ________ is the most common one.It can have many different meanings. 在各种肢体语言中，________是最常见的。它可能具有多种不同的含义。 Among all kinds of body languages, smiling is the most common one.It can have many different meanings. 在各类肢体语言中，微笑是最为常见的一种，其含义可呈现多种差异。 2.中间分点表达（含义+文化差异） （1）肢体语言的含义 A. In daily life, ________ usually means________________. 在日常生活中，________通常指________________。 B. ________ can also mean________________. ________也可意味着_______________。 In daily life, a smile usually means kindness, friendliness or other positive emotions. A smile can also express apology, encouragement or embarrassment in different situations. （2）文化差异 A. ________has different meanings in different cultures/countries, though it is widely used around the world. ________在不同文化/国家中具有不同含义,尽管其在全球范围内被广泛使用。 B. People in +地点+动作 while People in +地点+动作. ______________的人们_________________，而______________的人们_________________。 Smiling has different meanings in different cultures, though it is widely used around the world. 微笑在不同文化中具有不同的含义，尽管其在全球范围内被广泛使用。 People in America smile freely to strangers, while those in Japan may smile less to show politeness. 美国人会向陌生人自然地展露笑容，而日本人则可能通过减少微笑来表达礼貌。 3. 结尾总结句型 A.In short,________is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. 简而言之，________是一种简单却富有深意的身体语言，能帮助我们更好地沟通。 B.Understanding the meanings of________in different situations and cultures is important for smooth communication. 理解________在不同情境和文化背景下的含义，对实现顺畅沟通至关重要。 In short, smiling is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. 简言之，微笑是一种简单却富有意义的身体语言，有助于我们更好地进行沟通 Understanding the meanings of nodding in different situations and cultures can help us avoid misunderstandings. 理解点头在不同情境和文化中的含义有助于避免误解。 三、范文背诵 ① Among all kinds of body languages, nodding is the most common one. It can have many different meanings. It is a simple action but can convey clear messages in our daily communication. In daily life, nodding usually means agreement, approval or understanding. When someone is speaking and we nod, it shows that we are listening carefully and agree with what they say. Nodding can also mean greeting or politeness. For example, when we pass by our teachers or classmates, a gentle nod can express our greeting without saying a word. Nodding has different meanings in different cultures, though it is widely used around the world. People in China and most Western countries nod to show agreement, while people in some countries like Bulgaria shake their heads to mean “yes” and nod to mean “no”. In short, nodding is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. Understanding the meanings of nodding in different situations and cultures is important for smooth communication and can help us avoid misunderstandings. ② Among all kinds of body languages, eye contact is the most common one. It can have many different meanings. It plays a key role in nonverbal communication and can show our emotions and attitudes easily. In daily life, eye contact usually means attention and respect. When we talk with others, keeping proper eye contact shows that we are paying attention to them and respect what they say. Eye contact can also mean confidence and sincerity. For example, when we make a speech, looking at the audience with eye contact can show our confidence. Eye contact has different meanings in different cultures, though it is widely used around the world. People in Western countries like America and Britain often keep eye contact when talking to show sincerity, while people in some Eastern countries like Japan may avoid too much eye contact to show politeness and modesty. In short, eye contact is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. Understanding the meanings of eye contact in different situations and cultures is important for smooth communication and can help us get along better with people from different backgrounds. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1~2 单词短语句型语法 Unit 1 Helping those in need 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.elderly adj. 上了年纪的 → elder adj. 年长的 2.offer v. 主动提出 → offered v. 过去式 / 过去分词；offering n. 提供；提议 3.serious adj. 严重的 → seriously adv. 严重地； 4.disease n. 病；疾病 → diseases n. 复数 5.cancer n. 癌；癌症 → cancers n. 复数 6.spirits n. [pl.] 情绪；心境 → spirit n. 单数 7.pain n. 痛苦；苦恼 → painful adj. 痛苦的；pains n. 复数 8.belong v. 适应；合得来 → belonged v. 过去式 / 过去分词；belonging n. 归属；belongings n. 财产 9.spare adj. 空闲的；空余的→（近义词）free 10.volunteer v. 自愿做 → voluntary adj. 自愿的；voluntarily adv. 自愿地；volunteered v. 过去式 / 过去分词 11.joy n. 高兴；愉快；喜悦 → joyful adj. 高兴的；joyfully adv. 喜悦地 12. lose v. 丧失；失去 → lost v. 过去式 / 过去分词；loss n. 损失；lost adj. 丢失的 13. raise v. 筹募 → raised v. 过去式 / 过去分词 14. pound n. 英镑 → pounds n. 复数 15. structure n. 结构 → structural adj. 结构的；structures n. 复数 16. permission n. 准许；许可 → permit v. 允许；permitted v. 过去式 / 过去分词 17. arrange v. 排列；布置 → arrangement n. 安排；arranged v. 过去式 / 过去分词 18. donate v. 捐赠；赠送 → donation n. 捐赠；donated v. 过去式 / 过去分词 19. mighty adj. 巨大的；非凡的 → mightily adv. 巨大地；非凡地 20. pleasant adj. 愉快的；宜人的 → pleasantly adv. 愉快地；unpleasant adj. 令人不快的→ please v. 使.....高兴 21. ease v. 减轻；缓解 → easy adj. 容易的；easily adv. 容易地；eased v. 过去式 / 过去分词 22. ache v. 疼痛；隐痛 → aching adj. 疼痛的；ached v. 过去式 / 过去分词 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 志愿工作 voluntary work 残障人士 disabled people 照料，照顾 look after 遭受，患……病 suffer from （使）高兴起来 cheer somebody up 使某人振奋 raise one’s spirits 情绪低落 in low spirits 目的是，为了 in order to 在危难中，在穷困中的 in need 插花 flower arranging 收拾，整理 tidy up 枉费心机，徒劳无益 in vain / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1. a girl called Liu Yun 一个叫刘云的女孩（过去分词作后置定语） 2. have difficulty+（in）doing sth.做某事有困难 3. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 4. spend time with sb. 与某人共度时光 5. continue to do sth. 继续做某事 6. take part in（doing）sth. 参加（做）某事 7. suffer from+n./ doing 遭受；因...而受苦 8. belong (to) 适应；属于（副词home、here、there前不加to） / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1. I saw a notice for voluntary work at the children’s hospital, so my best friend and I offered to help. 我看到了儿童医院的志愿工作通知，所以我和最好的朋友主动提出帮忙。 2. The children there all suffer from serious diseases like cancer. 那里的孩子都身患癌症之类的重病。 3. We wanted to cheer them up with some fun activities. 我们想用一些有趣的活动让他们开心起来。 4. We organized a painting competition to raise their spirits. 我们组织了一场绘画比赛来提振他们的情绪。 5. We spent time with a girl called Liu Yun. 我们和一个叫刘芸的女孩待了一会儿。 6. My mother and I will continue to visit Liu Yun in our spare time. 我和妈妈会在空闲时间继续去看望刘芸。 7. Some of them have difficulty moving around and taking part in social activities. 他们中有些人行动不便，也很难参与社交活动。 8. I will continue to do voluntary work in the future. 我以后会继续做志愿工作。 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 动词不定式 基本 形式 to + do（动词原形） 有时to可省略 My best friend and I offered to help. 我的好朋友和我提供帮助。 否定 形式 not + (to +) do He tells me not to tell him the truth. 他叫我不要告诉他真相。 动词 不定式 的作用 ① 作主语 句型1:It is + adj. (+for/of sb.) to do sth. 做某事是……的 句型2: It takes sb. some time to do sth. 某人花费时间做某事 It is interesting to go hiking. 去远足很有趣。 It took me an hour to go home. 我花了1小时回家。 ② 作宾语 想要want, 忘记forget, 同意agree 需要need, 尝试try, 学习learn 继续continue，提供offer, 计划plan 希望hope/wish, 决定decide, 开始begin/start My best friend and I offered to help. 我的好朋友和我提供帮助。 She wants to help people in need. 她想要帮助有需要的人们。 ③ 作宾语补足语 请求ask, 命令order, 允许allow 告诉tell, 鼓励encourage, 邀请invite 警告warn, 教授teach, 期待expect 想要would like, 建议advise, 提醒remind We encourage them to sing songs. 我们鼓励他们唱歌。 We invite him to join us. 我们邀请他来加入我们。 ④ 作目的状语：to do= in order to do She goes to school to learn Chinese. 她上学学中文。 省略to 不定式 “三个让” make / let / have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 My mom makes me clean my room. 妈妈让我打扫房间。 “三个看” see / watch / notice sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 I watch her play the piano every day. 我每天看她弹钢琴。 hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事 I often hear him sing songs. 我经常听到他唱歌。 help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 He helps her do housework. 他帮助她做家务。 had better (not) do sth. 最好（不要）做某事 You had better not play computer games too long. 你最好不要玩太久电脑游戏。 两个接 既能接不定式，又能接动名词的动词或词组 ① try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 I’ll try to finish my homework now. 我会努力现在完成作业。 Why not try eating this new cake? 为什么不尝试吃这块新蛋糕呢？ ② stop to do sth. 停下来，去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 We stopped running to drink some water. 我们停止跑步，去喝了点水。 ③ remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 Remember to turn off the lights. 你离开时记得关灯。 I remember seeing this movie. 我记得看过这部电影了。 ④ forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 Don’t forget to take your umbrella. 别忘了带你的伞。 He forgot giving me the book. 他忘了把书给我了。 单元写作 写作目标： 本单元的话题是“申请组织一项校园志愿活动”，要求学生能对想要组织的活动进行描写并礼貌地提出申请。 本单元写作要求同学们能根据相关信息提示写出所举办的志愿活动的时间地点原因等，旨在让学生练习撰写正式的英语申请信，同时锻炼他们在特定情境下的英语表达能力和创造性思维。 学生将选择一个志愿活动进行申请，通过写作展示他们举办活动的理由。 写作时；时态：一般将来时+ 一般现在时 ; 人称:第一人称+第二人称 谋篇布局 开头 自我介绍+说明写信目的：申请组织 / 参加某项校园志愿活动 中间 具体说明活动内容（核心段落）:活动名称、时间、地点; 活动目的与意义;活动具体安排 结尾 礼貌表达希望+感谢:希望得到批准;承诺认真负责;感谢考虑 二、写作通用表达 1. 开头常用句型： A.I’m_______________.I’m writing to apply to ______________. 我是______________。我写信是为了申请______________。 B.I would like to______________ and I’m writing to ask for your permission. 我想要______________，特此写信请求您的许可。 I’m writing to apply to organize a volunteer activity in our school. 我写信是为了申请组织一项校园志愿活动。 I would like to organize a volunteer activity and I’m writing to ask for your permission. 我想组织一次志愿活动，特此写信请求许可。 2. 中间活动介绍句型 (1)活动目的 A.The purpose/aim of the activity is to do sth. 该活动的目的/目标是_______________。 B. In order to______________, we plan/ arrange/ organize_________________. 为了______________，我们计划/安排/组织________________。 The purpose of the activity is to enrich our school life. 该活动的目的是丰富我们的校园生活。 In order to help poor children, we organize a charity sale. 为了帮助贫困儿童，我们组织一场义卖活动。 (2)活动时间、地点 It will be held +时间+ 地点. 活动将于+ ______________于+ ______________ 举行。 It will be held at 9:00 a.m. this Sunday in the school hall. 它将于本周日上午 9 点在学校礼堂举行。 (3)活动内容(2~3点，分点叙述) A.First , we will ______________ (do sth.), which can ______________ (简要说明作用). 首先，我们将____________（执行某项操作），该操作可实现______________（达成特定简要说明作用）。 B. Besides/In addition, we plan to ______________ (do sth.) to ______________ (简要说明目的). 此外，我们计划______________（具体行动）来实现______________（简要说明目的）。 C. Finally, we will ______________ (do sth.) so that ______________ (简要说明效果). 此外，我们计划______________（具体行动）来实现______________（简要说明目的）。 First, we will visit the elderly in the nursing home, which can bring them warmth and care. 首先，我们将去养老院看望老人，该操作可实现为他们带去温暖与关怀。 Besides/In addition, we plan to perform shows and chat with them to enrich their spare time and relieve their loneliness. 此外，我们计划表演节目并陪他们聊天来实现丰富他们的闲暇时光、缓解孤独感。 Finally, we will send small gifts and take group photos so that they can feel remembered and loved for a long time. 最后，我们将赠送小礼物并合影留念，以此让他们长久感受到被惦记、被关爱。 3. 结尾句型（希望得到批准，表达感谢） We sincerely hope that_____________.Thank you! 我们衷心希望_____________.谢谢! We would be thankful if _____________. 如___________，我们将不胜感激。 We sincerely hope that you will approve of our plan, and we would be very grateful.Thank you! 我们诚挚希望您能批准本方案，对此我们将深表感激。谢谢！ We would be thankful if you could approve our application. 如能批准我们的申请，我们将不胜感激。 Thank you for your time and consideration.感谢您拨冗审阅。 三、范文背诵 Dear teachers, I’m Li Hua from Class 2, Grade 8. I’m writing to apply to organize a school volunteer activity about environmental protection. The purpose of the activity is to make our school cleaner and more beautiful, and to raise students’ awareness of protecting the environment. It will be held at 2:30 p.m. next Friday on the school playground. First, we will pick up rubbish in different areas of our school, which can keep our campus clean and tidy. Besides, we plan to put up posters to tell students how to save water and electricity. Finally, we will give a short speech to call on everyone to take action in daily life. We sincerely hope you will approve our plan. We promise to take the activity seriously and organize it well. Thank you for your time and consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Hua Unit 2 Body language 重点单词及变形 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. shake v. 摇动；抖动 → shook v.过去式→ shaken v. 过去分词 2. clap v. 鼓掌；拍手 → clapped v. 过去式/过去分词 3. madam n. 夫人；女士 4. boss n. 老板 → bosses n. 复数 5. expression n. 表情；神色 → express v. 表达 6. impression n. 印象 → impress v. 给…… 留下印象 → impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的 7. hold v. 使保持（在某位置） → held v. 过去式 / 过去分词 8. observe v. 注意到；观察到 → observation n. 观察 → observer n. 观察者 9. remind v. 提醒；使想起 → reminder n. 提醒物 10. ballet n. 芭蕾舞 11.nod v. 点头 → nodded v. 过去式 / 过去分词 12.meaning n. 意义；意思 → mean v. 意思是；打算 → meaningful adj. 有意义的 13.immediately adv. 立即；马上；立刻 → immediate adj. 立即的 14.shy adj. 羞怯的；腼腆的 → shyness n. 害羞 15.case n. 具体情况；事例 → cases n. 复数 16. direct adj. 直接的 → directly adv. 直接地 → direction n. 方向 17.truly adv. 真诚地 → true adj. 真的 → truth n. 真相 18.suppose v. 假定；假设 → supposed adj. 假定的 19. behaviour n. 行为；举止 → behave v. 表现 20. uncomfortable adj. 不自在的 → comfortable adj. 舒适的 → comfortably adv. 舒适地 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 必背短语 1.hold something up 抬起 2.sit up 坐起来；坐直 3.make a good impression on 给......留下好印象 4.eye contact 目光接触 5. pay attention 注意 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 用法精萃 1.instead of doing sth.. 而不是做某事 2.smile at+对象 对…微笑 3.more than 超过；不仅仅 4.It's the way +句子 是......的方式（法） 5.try doing sth. 尝试做某事 6.make sb. feel welcome 让某人感到受欢迎 7.mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 8. avoid+（doing）sth. 避免（做）某事 9. pay attention to（doing）sth. 注意（做）某事 10. remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人某事 11.remind sb. of sth. 使......某人想起 12. remind sb. that+句子 提醒某人+句子 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 重点句型 1. People always choose Lele instead of me. 大家总是选乐乐而不选我。 2. It’s the way you communicate. 问题出在你的沟通方式上。 3. Communicating means more than just speaking. 沟通不只是说话。 4. Her body language is making people feel welcome, so they go to her for help. 她的肢体语言让人觉得亲切，所以大家都愿意找她帮忙。 5. Haoran observed Lele carefully for a while and then decided to improve his own body language. 浩然仔细观察了乐乐一会儿，决定改善自己的肢体语言。 6. He sat up straight and tried smiling at people. 他坐直身体，试着对别人微笑。 7. She wanted to remind me that tomorrow is her birthday. 她是来提醒我明天是她的生日的。 8. You’d better make more eye contact with them. 你最好跟他们有更多的眼神交流。 语法梳理 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 动词-ing形式 动词-ing 形式在 句子中的作用 1. 作主语时，表示一件事或一个概念。 ① 单个动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 ② 两个或以上的动名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数数形式。 Reading books is my favourite activity. 阅读是我最喜欢的活动。 Reading books and listening to music are my favourite activities. 阅读和听音乐是我最喜欢的活动。 2. 作宾语 ① 作动词的宾语 完成finish, 练习practise, 值得be worth, 忙be busy 考虑consider, 建议suggest，不禁想can’t help 保持keep，习惯be/get used to, 别放弃give up 喜欢love/like/enjoy，思念miss，要介意mind ② 作介词的宾语。介词有in, on, at, of, for, from, up, with, without, before, after等。 He practises playing football every day. 他每天练习踢足球。 They keep running every night. 他们每晚保持跑步。 Are you interested in singing? 你对唱歌感兴趣吗？ He gave up smoking. 他放弃了抽烟。 两个接 既能接不定式，又能接动名词的动词或词组 ① try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 I’ll try to finish my homework now. 我会努力现在完成作业。 Why not try eating this new cake? 为什么不尝试吃这块新蛋糕呢？ ② stop to do sth. 停下来，去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 We stopped running to drink some water. 我们停止跑步，去喝了点水。 ③ remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 Remember to turn off the lights. 你离开时记得关灯。 I remember seeing this movie. 我记得看过这部电影了。 ④ forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 Don’t forget to take your umbrella. 别忘了带你的伞。 He forgot giving me the book. 他忘了把书给我了。 ⑤ see/hear sb. do sth. 看到/听到某人做某事 see/hear sb. doing sth. 看到/听到某人正在做某事 We often hear him playing the guitar. 我们经常听到他弹吉他。 I saw them playing football when I walked past the playground. 当我走过操场的时候，我看到他们正在踢足球。 ⑥ mean to do sth. 打算/意图做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 I mean to help you. 我打算帮你。 Success means working hard. 成功意味着努力。 形容词 1. 以动词-ing形式结尾的形容词，常用来说明事物的特征，表示“让人……的”。 2. 以动词-ed形式结尾的形容词，常用来说明人的感受或状态，表示“感到……的”。 We watched an exciting movie last night.我们昨晚看了一部令人激动的电影。 We felt excited when we watched the movie . 当我们看这部电影时，我们感到很兴奋。 单元写作 写作目标：介绍一种肢体语言 具体要求：选择一种常见的肢体语言（如：点头、微笑、眼神交流、手势等），撰写一篇短文介绍其在不同情境下的多种含义和文化差异。 谋篇布局 开头 引入要介绍的肢体语言 中间 分点介绍不同情境下的不同含义或文化差异 结尾 理解肢体语言的意义 二、写作通用表达 1.开头引入句型 Among all kinds of body languages, ________ is the most common one.It can have many different meanings. 在各种肢体语言中，________是最常见的。它可能具有多种不同的含义。 Among all kinds of body languages, smiling is the most common one.It can have many different meanings. 在各类肢体语言中，微笑是最为常见的一种，其含义可呈现多种差异。 2.中间分点表达（含义+文化差异） （1）肢体语言的含义 A. In daily life, ________ usually means________________. 在日常生活中，________通常指________________。 B. ________ can also mean________________. ________也可意味着_______________。 In daily life, a smile usually means kindness, friendliness or other positive emotions. A smile can also express apology, encouragement or embarrassment in different situations. （2）文化差异 A. ________has different meanings in different cultures/countries, though it is widely used around the world. ________在不同文化/国家中具有不同含义,尽管其在全球范围内被广泛使用。 B. People in +地点+动作 while People in +地点+动作. ______________的人们_________________，而______________的人们_________________。 Smiling has different meanings in different cultures, though it is widely used around the world. 微笑在不同文化中具有不同的含义，尽管其在全球范围内被广泛使用。 People in America smile freely to strangers, while those in Japan may smile less to show politeness. 美国人会向陌生人自然地展露笑容，而日本人则可能通过减少微笑来表达礼貌。 3. 结尾总结句型 A.In short,________is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. 简而言之，________是一种简单却富有深意的身体语言，能帮助我们更好地沟通。 B.Understanding the meanings of________in different situations and cultures is important for smooth communication. 理解________在不同情境和文化背景下的含义，对实现顺畅沟通至关重要。 In short, smiling is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. 简言之，微笑是一种简单却富有意义的身体语言，有助于我们更好地进行沟通 Understanding the meanings of nodding in different situations and cultures can help us avoid misunderstandings. 理解点头在不同情境和文化中的含义有助于避免误解。 三、范文背诵 ① Among all kinds of body languages, nodding is the most common one. It can have many different meanings. It is a simple action but can convey clear messages in our daily communication. In daily life, nodding usually means agreement, approval or understanding. When someone is speaking and we nod, it shows that we are listening carefully and agree with what they say. Nodding can also mean greeting or politeness. For example, when we pass by our teachers or classmates, a gentle nod can express our greeting without saying a word. Nodding has different meanings in different cultures, though it is widely used around the world. People in China and most Western countries nod to show agreement, while people in some countries like Bulgaria shake their heads to mean “yes” and nod to mean “no”. In short, nodding is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. Understanding the meanings of nodding in different situations and cultures is important for smooth communication and can help us avoid misunderstandings. ② Among all kinds of body languages, eye contact is the most common one. It can have many different meanings. It plays a key role in nonverbal communication and can show our emotions and attitudes easily. In daily life, eye contact usually means attention and respect. When we talk with others, keeping proper eye contact shows that we are paying attention to them and respect what they say. Eye contact can also mean confidence and sincerity. For example, when we make a speech, looking at the audience with eye contact can show our confidence. Eye contact has different meanings in different cultures, though it is widely used around the world. People in Western countries like America and Britain often keep eye contact when talking to show sincerity, while people in some Eastern countries like Japan may avoid too much eye contact to show politeness and modesty. In short, eye contact is a simple but meaningful body language that helps us communicate better. Understanding the meanings of eye contact in different situations and cultures is important for smooth communication and can help us get along better with people from different backgrounds. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $