专题04 五选四（期中真题分类汇编，辽宁专用）八年级英语下学期

专题04 五选四 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳） Pandas are China’s national (国家的) treasures. They are so lovely that every year many foreign tourists come to China to see them. Some of the tourists choose to stay in Sichuan. 1 She worked as a panda keeper in Sichuan. When Betty was three years old, her grandmother bought her a toy panda. The little girl liked it very much. 2 One day, her mother said to her, “You like pandas so much. You can find a job that has something to do with pandas.” 3 In order to work as a panda keeper, Betty learned Chinese in college. After graduation (毕业), she came to China to study about animal protection. 4 Betty does her best to make sure all the pandas at the base (基地) are well and happy. The job is tiring, but Betty never complains (抱怨), she says. Do you like pandas? Do you want to work as a panda keeper? If you do, then try to learn about pandas as much as you can. A．Betty Green is one of them. B．I love pandas and I love this job. C．Betty thought it was a great idea. D．She would go everywhere with the toy panda. E．And then she started working at a panda base in Sichuan. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·月考） Shi Xiangzi was a music master, and he was very good at playing the guqin. One of his students was Confucius. When Confucius began his first lesson, he kept playing the same piece of music for many days. Shi Xiangzi wanted to know why. One day, Shi Xiangzi told Confucius, “You play this piece well. 1 ” Confucius said, “Thank you, but I have to master its technique (技巧).” After some days, Confucius could play with the technique. His teacher said, “You can start to learn new pieces.” “Let me practice more. I want to know its conception (构思).” he said 1 Shi Xiangzi listened to his playing and enjoyed it a lot. He asked, “Now that you’ve learned its conception, why don’t you learn the next piece?” “But I still don’t know who composed (创作),” Confucius answered. 3 He told his teacher happily, “From this music, I can tell it was composed by a great ruler. Who else could it be but King Wen!” “You’re right!” Shi Xiangzi said. “You are so smart.” “ 4 ” Confucius said. A．That is because you are my teacher. B．Maybe you’ll have to practice more. C．You can move on to practice other pieces D．After even more practice, Confucius stopped one day. E．So Confucius went on practicing the same piece of music Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Hobbies can be almost anything that people like to do in their free time, such as building mode ships, watching birds, caring for animals, climbing mountains, planting flowers, fishing, skating and swimming. They also draw pictures, go to concerts and play instruments (乐器) like the piano. 1 People take up hobbies because these activities offer friendship, knowledge and pleasure, Sometimes they even get money and success from their hobbies. Hobbies help people relax after hard work and provide a balance (平衡) between work and play. Anyone rich or young, ill or well, can follow a hobby. 2 Doctors have found that hobbies are valuable in helping people get well after an illness. Many hospitals treat patients (治疗病人) by advising them to take up interesting hobbies. In early times, most people were too busy making a living (谋生) to have many hobbies. 3 The ancient Egyptians (埃及人) played games with balls made of wood. People today have more time than ever for hobbies. With the help of machines they don’t need to spend lots of time on their jobs. If a person has his own hobbies, he will never need to worry about his life after he retires (退休). 4 Sir William Osier, a famous Canadian doctor agreed with the value of hobbies by saying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.” A．Hobbies can help with a person’s health. B．People take up hobbies for different reasons (原因). C．They collect everything from coins to stamps. D．Hobbies bring meaning and colour to people’s life. E．But when people had free time, they did enjoy hobbies. 主题02 人与自我——家人、朋友与周围的人 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） It was summer just a few weeks before school started. One day I was bored at home. Then I saw a girl playing in front of her house. I ran out and said hello to her. 1 We were so happy that day. In the later days we’d always play around the neighborhood. School started and we’d always sit next to each other on the bus. We became best friends! One year later, I had to go back to my country—India. 2 I still remember the last night before my trip back to India. We were so sad and cried very much. After I was back to my country, we still e-mailed each other until I was in Grade 9. Then I suddenly lost contact (联系) with her. I was worried and kept hoping she could reply! 3 When I was in Grade 10, my family went to the US for a visit. I still hoped to see her again. I tried calling her but her phone number had changed. Finally I lost hope and wanted to give up. 4 I couldn’t believe my eyes. I cried with joy! And now we are still in contact and are best friends! The lesson I learned from this is never to give up and always hope. A．But she never did. B．But I didn’t want to leave my best friend! C．Because anything’s possible! D．We started talking and getting to know each other. E．One day I suddenly found her on the Internet. Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） Nowadays, some young people have trouble in communicating with their parents. 1 First, make a list of the things you and your parents disagree about most. With each of these things, try to find an answer that both you and your parents can accept. 2 You have to be ready to change a little if you want your parents to change. 3 Remember that your parents may have to work long hours and they will be tired, so be patient (耐心的) with them. Third, listen to what your parents say. How can you expect them to listen to you if you are not ready to listen to them? And your parents were once young like you, so they understand your situation better than you expect. Finally, if you don’t get a satisfactory result, try not to get upset. 4 Part of growing up is learning to understand another person’s way of looking at things. A．There is some advice to help solve this problem. B．Talk with your parents and find out the reasons. C．It isn’t good for you to require (要求) everything to work in your way. D．Second, talk to your parents when it is convenient (方便的) for them. E．So you should listen to your parents. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期末） Some people prefer to make friends with people who are very much like them while others prefer friends who are very different. 1 If a person chooses a friend similar to himself or herself, there is no doubt that they will share many common interests. They may have similar goals in life. 2 Two people who are very similar will feel comfortable with each other and may understand each other’s feelings better. 3 There are also many advantages of making friends with someone of opposite interests and even character. In this type of friendship, the two people complement (补充) each other. 4 While two people with similar goals may find themselves in competition, those who want different things can always support each other. Those who have different interests can introduce each other to new experiences and so enrich (使丰富) their knowledge. While a friend who is unlike me may be challenging, a similar friend is familiar and safe. A．Their friendship may be deeper and last longer. B．There are advantages to both types of friendship. C．If one is weak in some ways, the other is strong. D．To have a friend, you must learn to be one. E．This means that they will be able to help each other in achieving their goals. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·辽宁锦州·期中） Mom and Dad are two of the most important people in your life. Over your lifetime, they may influence (影响) you more than anyone else you will meet. 1 Here are some ways you can stay close, get along well, and build a strong relationship (关系) with your parents. Spend time together. Don’t spend so much time playing computer games or watching TV. You can ask your mom and dad to play with you. Go out to do something, try some new games, or just read a book together. 2 You may want your parents to help you when you feel sad, but your mom and dad may not know that you are having a problem. Tell them what’s the matter with you and they will be glad to help you. Be kind. 3 You can brighten a parent’s day with a hug (拥抱), a card, or a joke. It’s also lovely when a kid cleans up his or her room without being asked. And if you try not to fight with your brothers or sisters, your parents will be so happy! Do your best at whatever you do. You don’t have to be perfect (完美的), but when you do your best, you make your parents proud. It makes them happy to see how you’re turning into a great kid. Why? 4 A．Share your feelings and ask for help. B．Little things may mean a lot to your mum or dad. C．Some kids always say their parents are too strict with them. D．Do you want to get on well with them? E．Because it lets them know they’re doing a good job. Passage 5 （23-24八年级上·辽宁铁岭·期中） It is Sunday morning. I get up early, because today is a special day. It is my sister Joyce’s 16th birthday. My father and brothers went to Paris to visit my grandparents last week. 1 Now Joyce is still sleeping in her bed. She stayed up late last night. My mother and I decide to do some things for her today. First, we are going to prepare a special breakfast for her. 2 She is going to cook bacon (培根) for Joyce. It’s Joyce’s favorite food. I think she will like it. 3 I’m sure Joyce will be surprised and happy when she sees the cake with the words “Happy Birthday to Joyce” on it. Next, we are going to the supermarket to buy a present and some flowers for her. 4 So we will buy her a beautiful skirt. Finally, we will have a party for her tonight. We will invite many guests to our party. It’s a pity that my father and brother’s are not at home, but I believe we will enjoy ourselves today. A．We’ll invite many guests to our party today. B．So only my mother my sister and I are at home. C．She likes wearing skirts. D．My mother is a great cook E．Then, we are going to buy a big cake. 主题03 人与自我——日常生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） Lots of students are too busy doing their homework to help out with housework. So, many parents want to know if they should give their children chores. Well, there’s no need to worry. Chores are good for children. First, doing chores helps children learn to be independent. Parents can’t stay by their children’s side all the time. 1 And these skills will help them be ready for the day when they go to college or take care of their own houses. 2 When children finish a chore, they will not only take pride in a job well done but also have confidence in their ability to do things well. Third, doing chores makes it possible for children to develop good relationships with their family, friends and partners. Doing chores together with family can make children more caring for their family. And they begin to learn their responsibility in a family or a group. 3 They will know that if they work together as a team, things will be completed quicker and better. 4 Yes! And it should be on the top of the list. Now, my friends, are you ready to help? A．Should children do chores? B．That helps them build team spirit. C．Children can’t do chores without their parents’ help. D．Second, doing chores helps children build self-confidence. E．Children need to learn the necessary life skills to be independent. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） Should parents ask their children to do chores? Some believe that children should not do chores. They think that children are too young to cook or clean for themselves or their parents. But many people believe that children can learn a lot from doing regular chores. Parents should help children learn to do the housework that they will have to do when they live on their own. 1 Most experts (专家) do agree. 2 Parents shouldn’t, of course, ask a schoolboy to cook when he is doing his homework. If the child has activities after school, the time left to do chores may be short. 3 When a child does what his parents ask him to do happily, he will probably have the feeling of growing up. Chores can be useful. They are a teaching tool (工具). Parents use the tool to teach children, so that they can care for themselves some day. 4 If parents keep a clean house, children won’t find any reason to do chores. A．And they also give children a sense of responsibility, importance and confidence. B．Parents must make children understand how hard they work. C．However, the chores should suit (适合) children. D．Doing chores can help children get better grades. E．Perhaps more chores on weekends can be helpful. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·月考） Time Management Do you ever wish you had more time? Everyone gets the same amount of time each day. But here are some ways to use those hours better. As a popular saying says, “Work smarter, not harder.” The most important way to manage your time is to set priorities (优先权). 1 . Also, consider whether or not they are urgent (紧急的)—if they need to be done right away. It can be easy to forget important tasks that aren’t urgent, so make time for them. Decide ahead of time what you’re going to do at certain times each day. Schedule times not only to meet people but also to do things alone. Then you can make sure everything gets done. 2 . Are you smarter in the morning, afternoon or evening? Schedule difficult tasks for times you feel good, saving easy ones for when you’re tired. Write down what you need to do and when. I keep two to-do lists: one for the present tasks and one for larger projects I’m working on. That way I can make sure I don’t forget anything. 3 . When someone wants to give you a task, think carefully. Is it really important enough to spend your precious (宝贵的) time on? Could someone else do it instead? 4 . If you’re in charge of (负责) running a meeting, keep it short. Reading articles or talking to friends online can also use up much of your time. Don’t allow it. In the end, using time well is about making a good plan and sticking to it. A．Think about the time of day you work best B．Find out which of your tasks is the most important C．Attend meetings as often as possible D．Often, managing time means saying no to things that aren’t so important E．Meetings can also be a waste of time, so avoid them whenever possible 主题04 人与自我——自我管理（理财） Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·辽宁沈阳·开学考试） Let’s imagine this: Your parents are going out of town for a week. You’re left with 800 yuan. How will you spend it? It would be unwise to spend the money at the mall, especially if you already have great clothes, right?   1 You’d probably also want to put some money aside for unexpected situations. Well, you need to learn how to budget. It’s all about deciding what matters the most to you and how much you want to spend on those things. Working out your priorities (优先事项) is actually the most important part of budgeting. 2 You have to consider saving money to afford it. The next time your friend invites you to join them for a party, you might decide to refuse. But having a budget doesn’t mean you can’t have fun. You just have to get creative. Instead of meeting your friends at the pizza shop and then going to the movies, you can invite them over to your house. You can buy some frozen pizzas at the supermarket and watch a movie online. 3 . If you search the Internet for budgeting tips, you’ll find many. You have plenty of chances to test them. Once you find a way that works for you, it’s easier to get excited about budgeting. 4 If you go over your budget, just try to learn from your mistakes. It’s part of becoming a responsible spender. A．It’s a lot cheaper but just as fun. B．For example, you plan to buy a new bike. C．Keep in mind that even adults make mistakes at times. D．You can also ask your parents for help if your money runs out. E．A smarter way to spend that money would be on food and transportation (交通)。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Nowadays, Alipay and WeChat Pay are widely used in China. This makes it easier than ever for people to buy things. However, this can sometimes lead young people to spend too much money without realizing it. With this in mind, young people need to learn how to manage (管理) their money. 1 Create a budget. To make a monthly budget, you need to add up all the money you usually spend on things each month. Make sure to write down the right number and include everything — large or small. 2 If you don’t have enough money, be ready to change your budget to spend less on other things. Set goals (目标). Think about what you want to achieve with your money. 3 To help you save enough money for your goal, try to cut down on unnecessary costs. For example, instead of buying milk tea every day, you could make it at home. Spend less and save more until you reach your money goal. 4 You can get money from your family by helping with the housework, such as sweeping the floor or washing dishes. You can also sell some things that you no longer need or want. A．Make money at home. B．Here is some useful advice. C．Ask parents for more money. D．It could be a trip or something you like. E．Check your budget first when buying something expensive. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁本溪·期中） “Everybody loves a bargain (便宜货).” is a famous saying. 1 In our daily life, one person’s useless or broken object may be another person’s bargain. That is why so many Americans don’t throw things away. They put them outside their houses. They put on a “For Sale” sign. And they have a yard sale. Over the years, many people’s houses have been filled with useless objects. It seems wasteful to throw them away. 2 The sellers put an ad (广告) in a newspaper or online first. It tells when and where the yard sale will take place. Early in the morning, people take their things out of the house. 3 People can sell anything at a yard sale, such as old toys, books, tools, tables and chairs. Some people go to yard sales to find a special thing, however, some people don’t. 4 Later, they may hold their own yard sales to sell all the things they have bought. A．They might buy an object simply because it is very cheap. B．Then they sit all day waiting for someone to take them home. C．A bargain is something that you get for less than its usual price. D．If they can sell the things at higher prices, that will be very nice. E．So most people choose to sell the things they don’t use any more. 主题05 人与社会——饮食与健康 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁阜新·期末） Smashed cucumber (拍黄瓜) salad is one of the most popular cold dishes in China. You can find the green dish anywhere from restaurants to homes. 1 According to the New York Times, smashed cucumber salad is “everywhere” in New York. Some restaurants have even added the dish to their menus. 2 But American cooks are trying yogurt, honey, lemon and other common Western ingredients. Why is this dish becoming so popular? 3 Smashed cucumbers can hold onto tastes more than cucumbers which are cut into fixed shape and size. “Just changing the way you break down an ingredient...changes the way it feels and tastes. It’s cool,” said Danny Bowien, a cook at a New York restaurant. 4 The cook smashes fresh cucumbers with the flat side of a knife. The strong smash makes the cucumbers different shapes and sizes. Then other ingredients can be added. Also, it takes only five minutes to make the salad. Cook Julia Coldberg said it’s really “satisfying”. “The success of smashed cucumber salad abroad shows that we should try to fit into local conditions when spreading Chinese culture across the world,” said the Beijing News. A．This summer, even Americans are trying it. B．Most people like the special taste it produces. C．The way the dish is prepared also draws people’s attention. D．In China, people use garlic (蒜), vinegar (醋) and oil to make the cucumber tastier. E．Americans have expressed their opinions on the taste of this salad. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） What’s your favorite sweet? There is nothing like chocolate. It is popular all over the world. Chocolate comes from a civilization (文明) called the Maya (玛雅). About 500 years ago, the Europeans found the Mayans. The Mayans had a special food called cocoa (可可豆). 1 For hundreds of years, only the rich could enjoy chocolate. This changed when Europeans started to make chocolate bars (棒) in the 19th century (世纪). 2 White, dark and milk chocolate are what people often eat. The biggest chocolate bar was made in Italy in 2011. It was as big as an elephant! Chocolate also comes in different shapes. 3 Chocolate eggs are popular at Easter (复活节): chocolate coins (硬币) are common at Christmas, and chocolate hearts are great gifts for Valentine’s Day (情人节). Many people say chocolate is bad for our health. But this is not always true. 4 Just don’t eat too much of it! A．They used cocoa to make chocolate. B．People often give these chocolates as holiday gifts. C．A study shows that eating too much chocolate can cause heart problems. D．Scientists say it is good for people’s hearts and can make people feel good. E．Chocolate comes in different colors and sizes. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） Parents usually don’t let their children cook. They think it’s dangerous for children to do it. 1 They can do some easy cooking work such as doing the dishes and washing vegetables. Cooking makes children smart In some cooking activities, children can choose and decide what things to put in a dish or how much salt to put in a dish (菜肴). That’s a great way to make them think actively. At the same time, they can learn how to serve their friends by cooking themselves. They can also learn to eat healthily. Cooking teaches children to feel how things change When helping cook in the kitchen, children can touch some different ingredients (食材), and they can also see how food changes by temperature. 2 Cooking makes children confident When children learn to cook, they usually feel that they have grown up, and they can do something for their family members. 3 So cooking is well worth (值得) learning. Cooking teaches children cultures 4 When cooking different kinds of foods, children can also learn about different cultures. Also, children can learn some traditional eating cultures by cooking. A．It’s easy for them to get life experience. B．They can think about it over and over again. C．They can cook a great dinner to show their love. D．However, scientists say it’s good for children. E．Cooking in one culture is quite different from that in another. Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） Chinese people are among the most hospitable (热情好客的) people in the world. They are happy to invite you to visit their home. 1 As a welcome, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will offer you snacks like nuts or candy. 2 They will never let you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members of the home will cook a meal for you. Chinese people treat (招待) their guests with a big dinner. 3 On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. And the host usually picks food for the guests. They make sure that you enjoy eating like you are at home. As you finish the meal, the host will usually say, “You didn’t eat much. 4 ” Although you tell them you have had enough, they will still put more food in your bowl. Does your family welcome guests like this? A．Someone in the home will also talk with you. B．Please eat more. C．You always feel their warmth at their home. D．They like to visit your home. E．They always cook more food than a guest can eat. Passage 5 （23-24八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） After 106 years, the Antarctic Heritage Trust (南极遗产信托机构) found Captain Scott’s fruitcake and it still “smelled delicious”. Then the news raises a question: Are there other foods that have similar staying power (力)? 1 Honey Honey can be kept for a very long time. 2 So bacteria (细菌) cannot grow in it. Although honey can go cloudy when opened as the sugars draw in water again, this can be changed by simply warming the honey. Soy sauce (酱油) 3 Since it has a lot of salt and is fermented (发酵), if it is unopened, it could be kept long and well. Once opened, how long it will last depends on the temperature it is kept at. Sugar and salt Many of the foods that last for a long time are high in sugar and salt. In fact, they draw water out. So they will create a condition (条件) without water in which bacteria can’t grow. This is why we use salt to make ham (火腿) and sugar to make jam (果酱). Now people have known that there are other kinds of foods, like vinegar and beans, that can be kept for a long time. 4 That’s because they contain (包含) things that bacteria love, such as water. So they can only be kept for a short time. A．The answer is: yes, several. B．But most foods do not last very long. C．The more water it has, the shorter it is kept. D．That’s because it’s low in water and high in sugar. E．Usually soy sauce can be kept for at least three years. Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） Michelle has found that more than 25% students are too fat in her country. It is a very serious problem. 1 The health programme is to reduce (减少) the number of fat students today and future. 2 They will deal with the students’ obesity (肥胖) so that students will be at a healthier weight. The programme suggests (建议): Food stores should sell healthier food. Schools should give healthier meals with less fat and should also offer more sports classes. Parents should pay attention (关注) to their children’s health. The lady is trying to fight the students’ obesity all over the country because it can cause illnesses and higher health cost. 3 She also wants students to understand it is important to have less sweet food, and drink water, milk and fresh juice, but not to choose cola. At the same time she has also set a good example by planting vegetables in the garden. She hopes that the garden will encourage more people to plant vegetables by themselves. 4 As she says, we cannot always build the future for young people, but we can build young people for the future. Young people play an important role in the development of the society (社会). If they can have a healthy body, they will make greater contribution (贡献). Therefore, schools and parents should do their best to keep young people healthy. A．So she starts a health programme to deal with it. B．She wants to teach the students how to plant vegetables in the garden. C．She wants students to eat right, exercise more and control their weight. D．The programme will get families, schools, newspapers and TVs to join together. E．The health programme is really helpful to the students today and in the future. Passage 7 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） Developing physical education means trying to help more young people to live healthier lives not only now, but also in their future. 1 Play different sports. Kids should take part in lots of activities such as running jumping and throwing in places like parks or playgrounds. 2 It also builds confidence in different sports, whether playing by themselves or with others. 3 Activities should include interesting or enjoyable games. Adults should encourage kids to take part in them. Parents or teachers can help kids want to learn new skills. Of course, enjoyment is more important than winning. Also, it is quite important to have a relaxing environment where every kid feels included. Learn step by step. 4 If adults explain games clearly and show them how to do them step by step kids can learn at their own speed (进度). When kids can experience movements by themselves, they can build confidence and become more independent. Give hopeful feedback (反馈). Adults should encourage kids, no matter how they perform. Simple words like “well done” or “great job” make kids feel great, and then kids would love to keep trying. A．This helps them learn many skills. B．This reminds them of their parents. C．Have fun in playing. D．Adults should break skills into small steps. E．Adults like parents and teachers can help kids in many ways. 主题06 人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·辽宁鞍山·开学考试） Adolescence (青春期) is a difficult time for teenagers. It takes place when you are aged between thirteen and nineteen. 1 You may go through some changes. For example, you used to be happiest in the company of your parents. But now you need your own space and some privacy. In the past, your parents made most decisions for you, but now you want to decide things for yourself. 2 But it is important to remember that they will affect (影响) your relationship with your parents. So what can you do to make life easier and make sure that you stay on good terms with your parents? Firstly, your parents will feel much better if you let them know that you still love and value them. Remember that they have forever lost the little child you once were. They may not say so, but they are probably feeling a sense of loss. Secondly, try to agree with your family rules. You may feel these are unnecessary, but your parents’ main concern (顾虑) is just to keep you safe. 3 It may feel like a nuisance (麻烦事) to remember to phone them and let them know where you are, but make the effort anyway. Thirdly, try to understand why they might be angry with your behavior. Do your parents get cross if you spend hours playing video games and leave your homework till the last minute? That’s because they want you to do well at school. 4 Keep talking to your parents, tell them about what you did today, let them know where you are going, and ask for advice if you need it. The more disconnected they feel, the more distrustful and controlling they tend to become. A．Finally, it’s all about communication! B．All these changes are perfectly normal (正常的). C．As your body changes, you also begin to think and feel differently. D．Anyway, you should always listen to them carefully. E．Once you have agreed with the rules, try to stick to them. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don’t worry. 1 Find the common interests between you and your parents. For example, if you and your dad both like playing basketball, you can watch one game together and talk about it. You can find the conversation easier. Try to start a dinnertime talk with your parents. Ask your parents about their day, and they will open up to you more easily. Don’t forget that you should open up to them, too. 2 Besides, it’s also a good idea to share something, like the new movies. Soon, all of you will have a good conversation. 3 Eye contact (n.交流) is necessary. Don’t be bored, or they may stop talking and walk away. Let them know you’re listening. 4 As a result, there will be a warm conversation between you and your parents. In a word, if you see them as your friends, it’s easy to get along well with your parents. A．Tell them what happened at school. B．Here is some advice about how to talk to your parents. C．If you listen patiently, they’ll be interested in talking to you. D．Look at your parents when you talk. E．Most parents will do this as long as they live. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁丹东·期末） How to Calm Down an Angry Person You may have made someone angry because of your carelessness when you grow up. If you don’t want to solve it face to face, maybe the message can be a good helper. 1 Though maybe he or she treats you in a rude way, it’s very important to make yourself calm, so the thing won’t be worse because of your anger. And keeping calm is the necessary step for the next. Find out the reasons. 2 If you’re not sure of the reasons, you might send the message, “Could you tell me what I did or said made you feel so bad?” Offer a good solution. Perhaps your roommate (室友) at the apartment is not happy that you have left him to clean the room for a long time. Just send him a message, “I am sweeping the floor at the apartment. 3 ” Think twice before you send your message. 4 Try not to say one word or letter, which is easy to be thought as bad words. A．Keep yourself calm. B．Give him some personal time and space. C．Maybe when you come back, we can talk about it. D．After knowing them, you can find a good way to solve it. E．It is quite easy to say something bad when both of you are unhappy. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） As we grow up, we communicate with others more often. Do you have difficulty getting on with others? Do you know communication skills are very important in our lives? 1 They can help us understand each other easily. No 1. Be good listeners. As the saying goes, “We have one mouth and two ears, so we should listen twice as much as we speak.” Each of us should listen more to others. 2 When we can be good listeners, we can get close to each other. No 2. 3 In this way, you can express yourself better. When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. No 3. Think from others’ point of view (观点). 4 And try to understand their ideas and thoughts. It can make the communication more successful. Besides, you can make others feel more comfortable. A．Use your body language properly. B．Here are some communication skills. C．Put yourself in the other person’s shoes. D．Never stop them till they finish their talk. E．We should always talk with others politely. Passage 5 （23-24八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Do you understand your parents? It is difficult for many teenagers to understand them and deal with the relationshıps with their parents. 1 ▲Respect (尊敬) is the first thing. It is important to show respect to your parents. 2 So, you may not know that they are under great pressure with their work. ▲Trust is a must. You should trust your parents as they trust you. If you learn how to trust, your life will be much easier. Show them that you have the right to make your own decisions. ▲ 3 When you have arguments, you’d better communicate with your parents and show them that you have the right to make your own decisions. ▲ Company (陪伴) is of great importance. Just as children need their parents’ company, parents also need company. 4 If not, just try it now. Company is a good way to drive away the black clouds hanging over your family. Why don’t you try your best to care about each other? A．You don’t experience your parents’ lives. B．Have you tried to comfort (安慰) your parents when they felt sad? C．Communication is a good solution. D．But you can make it easier by using the following tips. E．Your parents give all their love to you. 主题07 人与社会——文学、艺术、体育 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） In November 1979, children in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey. Most of them were hearing this story for the first time. 1 The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the main character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West. The Monkey King is not just any common monkey. 2 This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects (物品). But unless (除非) he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a man. 3 Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. At other times, he is able to make it big and long. The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, 4 That’s because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up. A．The Monkey King is very brave and clever. B．However, this story is not new to Chinese children. C．In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey! D．To fight bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. E．Western children also became interested in reading this story. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） Once, there was a shepherd (牧羊人). One night, he found some wild sheep joined his herd (牧群). He was very happy and hoped these wild sheep wouldn’t leave. It snowed that night. The next morning, the shepherd couldn’t take his sheep to the mountains. Instead, he had to feed them inside. 1 But he gave more of the food to the wild sheep. He thought the extra (额外的) food would stop them from leaving. It snowed for several days. During that time, the shepherd’s sheep ate very little. 2 At last, the snow stopped, and the shepherd took all the sheep out. As soon as they got to the foot of the mountain, the wild sheep started to run away. “Wait! 3 Why do you run away?” the shepherd shouted. One wild sheep stopped and said to him, “We’re leaving because you fed us better than your own sheep. 4 Yesterday, you were kind to us, but tomorrow you might be different. If more wild sheep join your herd, you will give us less food, too.” The shepherd finally realized his mistake. He was sorry that he didn’t take good care of his own sheep. A．I look after you so well. B．You were trying to cheat us. C．He gave a little food to his own sheep. D．The wild sheep, however, ate very well. E．The wild sheep felt bored and wanted to play outside. Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·辽宁盘锦·开学考试） Tom and Jerry Tom the cat and Jerry the mouse are two of the most popular cartoon characters in the world. In the short cartoons, Tom is always trying to catch Jerry. 1 Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at him. The stories are full of fun and have a long history. 2 In the late 1930s, as MGM planned to make funny cartoons, William Hanna and Joseph Barbara thought of the idea of a cat and a mouse together. They thought it would be funny if the mouse was clever and always got the cat into trouble. At first, Hanna and Barbara named the cat and mouse Jasper and Jinx. But MGM wasn’t satisfied (满意) with the names. So they put the names with the pictures in the newspaper for advice. 3 Finally, most people chose Tom and Jerry as their names. The first Tom and Jerry cartoon appeared in cinemas in 1940. It was a great success over the next 17 years, Hanna and Barbara made 114 Tom and Jerry cartoons. Most of them are around seven minutes long. 4 Children can still see them on television around the world. A．The famous cat and mouse are popular today. B．A lot of readers play a role in deciding their names. C．The people behind the cute cartoon characters are Hanna and Barbara D．These cartoons are not popular any more. E．But he is never successful. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Animations (动画片) bring stories to life through moving pictures. The process starts with ideas and scripts. Artists then create characters and scenes. 1 Next, they draw thousands of frames (帧) by hand or use computers. Finally, sound effects and music are added to complete the work. Cartoons and animated movies have a long history. In the 1930s, Walt Disney made the first full-color animation. 2 Today, studios like Pixar use 3D technology to make films more vivid. 3 For example, Spider-Man first appeared in comic books in 1962. Its brave hero quickly won kids’ love. Later, it became a popular cartoon. Animations help people visit amazing places in our minds. People love animations, so they watch them a lot. More people watching means more money for making new ones. 4 A．Reading paper books is still popular today. B．Comic books often give ideas to animation makers. C．Snow White was his most famous early work. D．This helps it continue to grow quickly. E．After that, they decide how each scene will move. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） On the 10th of February, 2024, the first day of the Chinese New Year of the Loong, the Puning Nanshan Yingge Dance team appeared at the London landmark—Burlington Arcade in London, UK, as an important part of the “Happy Chinese New Year” series (系列) of activities. 1 Yingge Dance, or “Hero’s Song”, a kind of folk (民间音乐) , is still popular today in the Chaoshan area in Guangdong. The name Yingge has very special meanings in Chinese. 2 Some say it comes from Nuoxi Opera performed in different parts of southern China. Others believe it is from Yangge Dance performed in northern China. Large groups of dancers jump up and down with each hand holding short wooden sticks. 3 And they also believe that a Yingge Dance performance brings “good luck”. 4 At the same time, it also got much attention on the Internet. One video of Chen Kaiming, became famous online because of his role as “Shi Qian”, a hero in Shui Hu Zhuan. A．They sent their new year wishes to people there. B．Many people think it’s difficult to learn this special dance. C．People always see Yingge Dance as the symbol of happiness. D．“Ying” means “hero” and “ge” has the same meaning as “song”. E．Many visitors came to Guangdong to watch the dance during the Spring Festival. Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Have you ever watched Ne Zha 2? 1 . It became the first film to make billions of US dollars in China. 2 . It follows Ne Zha on another adventure (冒险). Ne Zha, a young hero, faces great challenges (挑战). A new and mysterious (神秘的) enemy (敌人) appears. Ne Zha and his friends decide to fight against him. My favorite part about Ne Zha 2 is the character. 3 The new characters in the movie are fantastic. The pictures in the movie are eye-catching (引人注目的). The animators (动画家) used the latest technology (技术) to create breathtaking scenes (令人惊叹的场景). The mythical (神话的) lands are full of strange and wonderful. Ne Zha’s unique (独一无二的) weapons (武器), like the Wind-Fire Wheels and Red Armillary Sash, light up the screen with bright colors. All in all, Ne Zha 2 is an excellent movie. It brings traditional Chinese myths (神话) to life in a new and exciting way. For the Chinese industry, Ne Zha 2 is a big step forward. It shows the great Chinese animated films. 4 In the future, we hope to see more great Chinese films. They can make a great difference to the world’s film industry. A．Ne Zha never gives up when things seem hopeless (没有希望). B．The movie uses the latest technology to create beautiful scenes. C．It tells a meaningful story. D．It also encourages more Chinese filmmakers make high-quality (质量) films. E．It was a great success. 主题08人与社会——旅行 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） You may be too busy to notice the wonderful world where you live. Taking time to know your own town or city can help you see it in a new way. With the warm weather outside, now is a good time to go exploring (探索) with a trusted adult. 1 Act like a tourist. Many times, when you live in a place, you never really explore some of the most exciting parts like a tourist. Start by asking yourself this question: 2 Maybe you can visit a historic (历史的) building, a nice park, or a new ice cream store. Consider local attractions (当地的景点). First, do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go. 3 A local museum or zoo might have a new show. You might also head to a national park for a hike. 4 With an adult’s guide, look up walking tours for a whole new way to explore your city. Some cities offer walking tours about a theme, like food or local parks. Take a photography (摄影) walk. Pick a theme for your photos, like special dishes, local waterways, or lovely birds. And at the end of the day, you can look back on all your explorations. A．Find out a guided tour. B．Here is how to get started. C．Then try to think about which place is the best to explore. D．If I have never been to the town before, when is the best time to explore? E．If my friends came to town for the first time, where would I advise them to go? Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） The Yellow River is the hometown of Chinese civilization (文明). Xi’an is located on the banks of the Wei River, which is the largest tributary (支流) of the Yellow River. Xi’an is known as China’s capital for 13 dynasties. Back when Beijing was still a small-time northern town, Xi’an was the place of a set of dynastic capitals. 1 Its founder, Qin Shihuang, ordered the creation of Terracotta Warrios (兵马俑) which is one of China’s most popular places for tourists. Xi’an has had many names in the history. 2 It reached the height of glory (辉煌) during the Tang Dynasty. Both of the economy and culture of the Tang Dynasty got a greater development. The city still reminds visitors of Tang times. 3 People are familiar with the Li Bai and Du Fu. They left us a great deal of cultural wealth. Downtown Xi’an is a wonderful place for people around the world to spend time in. 4 For example, the ancient Giant wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔) is surrounded (围绕) by tall buildings. People can experience the time of past and present in them. A．Chang’an is the most well-known one in them. B．It is the capital of the Qin which is the first dynasty to unite China. C．Xi’an is a key city in the country’s effort to develop its west. D．There are many ancient buildings among modern buildings. E．A large number of outstanding poets appeared during the period. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） You know a siheyuan in China? 1 Those siheyuan in Beijing are the most typical (典型的) ones. There are thousands of siheyuan in Beijing of very high historic and cultural value, not just a few. 2 There are usually four buildings around the yard. Usually, one siheyuan can be for one big family to live in. The siheyuan follows Confucian (儒家的) ideas of showing respect for the elderly. The northern house gets the most sunshine. The main house facing south is for the elders to live. The east and west houses are for the second generations (一代人) and their children. People want all the family members to enjoy a happy life together. 3 Living in a siheyuan helps to keep every family member close. 4 They enjoy living together because they can share laughs and cries in the same yard. A．A siheyuan has a big square courtyard (庭院) in its centre. B．So the siheyuan usually has only one main gate, which means the unity (团结) of the family. C．Yes, a siheyuan is a kind of traditional home for Chinese people. D．As time goes on, the siheyuan is now a big neighbourhood for many different families E．Living in a siheyuan is happy. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·月考） Harbin has become the brightest star of tourism (旅游业) in China. It has spared no effort to show sincerity (真诚) and creativity to make tourists from all over the world pleased. “Erbin” has become a nickname for it among Internet users. 1 Firstly, Harbin has a history of more than thirty years of celebrating the Ice and Snow Festival. 2 Coupled with a good business environment and service standards, Harbin’s popularity is not surprising. Secondly, facing problems sincerely is one of the keys for Harbin’s tourism to be successful. Last year, on the first day of the opening, the Harbin Ice and Snow World welcomed 40,000 tourists. Due to the long waiting time, some people shouted “refunding” (退款) there. The park apologized (道歉) to the tourists and refunded them the money soon. 3 Thirdly, Harbin tried its best to make sure the tourists would have fun there. They could enjoy the hot air balloon, the artificial moon, the penguins, and the performance of the Oroqen ethnic minority people and their reindeer (驯鹿). There, everything was planned perfectly. 4 There, you could get warm drinks for free. Frozen pears, a local specialty, were cut into the shapes of flowers so that tourists could enjoy them conveniently. Besides the fun activities and the delicious food, the local government took many other measures (方法) to give the tourists great travel experiences. One hotel worker told reporters that it requires hotels not to raise prices during the travel season. Harbin can provide whatever tourists want. A．What do tourists like to do in Harbin? B．And it took action immediately to improve its service. C．It has rich ice and snow tourism resources. D．Why is Harbin’s tourism so successful? E．If you were not used to the cold weather, you could go into heated rooms to rest. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·月考） “Military-style” travel (“特种兵式”旅行) has become popular among Chinese college students. They spend as little money as possible travelling to as many places as they can during the weekend. To save money, they usually take the slow train on Friday night and arrive at the destination (目的地) on Saturday morning. 1 On Sunday, they follow the same busy plan before returning in time for classes on Monday morning. Many people think highly of them for their energy (能量) to complete their plans.Wang Zixuan, a 21-year-old student, can’t wait to take this kind of travel. He says, “ 2 To see the world and learn about the cultures and traditions of different places is also important for us. And the best way is travelling.” Others, however, question whether such a busy plan is healthy. Zhen Boyu, a teacher of a middle school, says, “ 3 People will become very tired if they go to too many places in a day. What’s more, tourists may not be able to enjoy themselves when they are travelling in a hurry. Of course they can visit a lot of interesting places in a short time. 4 I don’t think the trip will be enjoyable or meaningful.” So what’s your idea about “military-style” travel? A．I’m not interested in this style. B．I think this kind of travel is really interesting. C．As a student, it’s of great importance for us to study hard. D．But they can’t learn deeply about the history behind them. E．They travel in the city and sleep at a 24-hour restaurant for a few hours on Saturday. Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·辽宁·开学考试） There are many humanistic monuments (人文古迹) and natural scenic spots (景点 ) in textbooks. Children are always interested in them, and they want to go there in person. 1 This kind of tour allows parents and children to deepen their understanding of the scenes (场景) mentioned in the textbooks. Many families have taken part in the textbook tour. 2 They can understand the cultural background and experience the historical period in the textbooks. For example, in Fuzhou, parents and children can watch lively shows and visit the museums to learn more about the famous writer Tang Xianzu in the Ming Dynasty. In addition, they can learn about the local customs. 3 The textbook tour is a connection between “reading thousands of books” and “travelling thousands of miles”. Through the practice, children can have a deeper understanding of the textbooks.Besides, the textbook tour further increases children’s pride in them other land. It also helps them learn about the excellent traditional culture of China. The rise of the textbook tour is a great chance for the connection between culture and tourism. For example, the Wen chuan government holds some activities on the birthday of Dayu. 4 This spreads local culture and provides an unforgettable experience for tourists. As the text book tour becomes a new fashion, the government should offer warm services to achieve a win-win situation for both scenic spots and tourists. A．This further makes their journey colorful. B．That’s why the textbook tour has become popular these days. C．They follow the stories in the textbooks and choose places to travel. D．Cultural workers teach “Dayu culture” to tourists in these activities. E．Textbooks can broaden my horizons. 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） Jack is a successful businessman because he is kind and honest (诚实的). He never lies (撒谎) to his partners and always keeps his promise. 1 As a result, people like doing business with him and he has made many friends during his career (职业生涯). One cold October day, Mark, a man from outside town came up to Jack and wanted to do business with him. At the very beginning, Jack was not sure whether (是否) to work with him. However, Mark was so good at talking that Jack chose to believe him. 2 About three weeks later, Jack found Mark had cheated him. 3 What was worse, he was terribly ill. People in the neighborhood heard the news and all wanted to help him. They went out of their way to support him with great encouragement. They even offered him plenty of money with little expectation in return. With the help of his neighbors and other business partners. 4 Whenever Jack is asked about the key to his success, he always smiles and replies, “Honesty is the most important.” A．He decided to work with Mark in the end. B．Jack got his business up and running again. C．He even thinks about others more than himself. D．Many hands make light work. E．Jack lost a lot of money and his business was in trouble. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Volunteer work is always a kind of activity that shows deep love. I still remember an unforgettable volunteer experience. 1 I got up early and went to the main street in my city. I thought it would be easy, but when I finished this job, my hands and legs were very tired. After that, the cleaner took me to clean the bins. “Just clean the bins. 2 ” I thought. However, when I opened the lid (瓶盖), a very bad smell came out. I couldn’t help covering my nose with my hands. All kinds of things were mixed together, and it smelled very bad. It took me lots of effort to pick them up and got my clothes dirty. I put on gloves and picked up the rubbish. The dirty water from the rubbish bag dropped onto the ground. 3 But I knew what I was doing was just a small part of the cleaners’ daily work. Finally, the work was done. To my surprise, I got the cleaners’ praise. I thought they were the greatest people. 4 A．It made me a bit sick. B．Maybe it will be easy. C．Every job should be respected. D．It is our duty to sorting (分类) rubbish. E．Last month, I spent a day as a cleaner. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁丹东·期中） Sometimes you may have lots of things to do and you feel busy and worried. 1 Here are some ideas to make you find more free time to enjoy your life. 2 If you are not interested in some activities, then don’t go. Stay at home and relax. Or if you want to go to the fruit shop but the weather is hot, you’d better stay in your garden. It’s fine to change your mind and do your shopping tomorrow. Change your pace (步伐). If you usually do your fruit shopping on Saturdays, you can go there on weekday nights. There are fewer people on weekday nights than Saturdays. 3 Focus on (专注) simple pleasures (乐事). When you finish your day’s work, make time for yourself. 4 A bath or a good cup of tea can be enough. Although expensive relaxation is nice, when you focus on simple pleasures, you will get more. A．Say no to yourself. B．You can buy enough things you want. C．It doesn’t need to cost too much to relax. D．You may wonder, “Where does the time go?” E．You can feel better if you think of your way home as taking a walk. Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） Taking time to help others is meaningful. March is the month to learn from Lei Feng in China. Lei was an ordinary soldier (普通军人). He was always ready to help others. He died of an accident at the age of 22 in 1962. 1 . The Youth Team is one of the volunteer groups during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The 192 young volunteers worked for 66 days. It is not an easy job to work as a volunteer. Liu Junyu is one of the volunteers in the team and he designed the routes (设计路线) around the venues (场馆). With his design, people really had an easy time. 2 Other volunteers helped clean up the ice and snow each day. Thanks to their hard work, the tracks (赛道) were clean and tidy. It made sure that the games went well. Also, a volunteer needs to learn a lot. According to a volunteer from the Shougang Group, volunteers needed to know all about the venues. 3 In this way, they could show the beauty of Shougang and Beijing to guests better. “ 4 However, I’ve learned a lot through being a volunteer—the growing personal skills,” said Jiang. A．We can learn a lot through volunteering. B．People say volunteering is about giving. C．They could get in and out the venues easily and safely. D．They also kept in mind the history and stories behind them. E．But his spirit still inspires (激励) people to do volunteer work. 主题02 人与自我——自我管理（理财） Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·辽宁辽阳·期中） “Who needs a shopping mall (购物中心) if you have Taobao?” says 28-year-old Wang Lin, a writer in Beijing. Taobao is China’s largest online shopping site (网站). 1 She spends lots of money on Taobao. A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping. 2 More women shop online than men. Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line. Taobao means “looking for treasure” in Chinese. 3 All kinds of things can be found, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players. 4 In fact, it’s very safe and convenient. Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products. A．It has become an important part of Wang Lin’s life. B．You may want to know about the safety (安全性) of shopping online. C．In the past, people went shopping in big malls. D．People can find almost everything they need on Taobao. E．Most online shoppers are students or young workers. Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） China covers large areas and has a great population. Different living habits have always been an interesting topic in the country. Recently, another difference between northerners and southerners became a hot one: the way they shop at markets. 1 It is normal for them to buy half a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef at a time. However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. 2 Also, you can buy a very small amount of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. 3 But hardly do shop owners in the north offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes. The difference could be due to (由于) the different climate. Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. 4 But the hot and wet weather in the south make southern Chinese buy just enough food for one meat or one day, or else the food may go bad. A．Many northerners have the habit of stocking up (囤货) on food, especially for the long winter. B．Shop owners even help you peel (削皮) and cut them. C．People from southern China say they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. D．Shop owners will still be happy with you. E．Instead, buying vegetables and meat enough for a week is usual for northerners. Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Golden Hook is a group of grandmas and a young man. They make beautiful hats and sell them all around the world. You don’t buy Golden Hook hats in a shop. If you want one, you need to go to their Website and choose the size and colour you want. Then you look at photos of some grandmas and choose one to make the hat by hand just for you.   1 Jeremy Emsellem started Golden Hook in Paris. In 2005, when he was 19, Jeremy began to knit (编织) 2 Other students really liked them. Everyone wanted one! Jeremy made hats for 50 students, but he didn’t have time to make hats for everyone. Then, in 2007, he visited his old aunt and had an idea. His old aunt and her friends had lots of time. 3 Jeremy asked them if they wanted to make hats. Six of the grandmas said yes. In 2008, Jeremy started the Golden Hook company. In the first year, they only sold 300 hats 4 . In 2010, Golden Hook had 20 grandmas making those beautiful hats. Jeremy is happy that Golden Hook lets people get wonderful hats and helps grandmas get money and something interesting to do. A．You can buy Golden Hook hats in a shop. B．He wore the hats to school. C．They were also very good at knitting D．but the hats got popular soon E．One week later, you get the hat with a special message from her. 主题03 人与自我——日常生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期末） Camping in your backyard is full of fun, whatever your age is. 1 . It offers chances to check the night sky and to be noisier than usual. It lets us have friends stay outside the house! Follow these instructions and you’ll have a night you’ll never forget! Put up your tent. Depending on the number of family members and guests, you may need more than one tent. 2 Follow the instructions or check out the articles on how to put up a tent. Prepare your bedding. You will want your guests to be able to relax in comfort (舒服). Put something soft to lie on the floor: A blow-up air mattress (床垫) or thick comforters may work well. Fill the tent with soft toys and blankets (毯子). Have lightweight sleeping bags or cotton blankets. They are especially important if you live where the night temperatures drop greatly. 3 If you have a picnic table, that would work best. If not, set up a few chairs and a small table to set out drinks and food. A simple choice is to lay out a blanket in the sun, so that your friends can eat and talk. Be sure the grass isn’t wet. Make memories. 4 Have a camera nearby to take silly photos of you, your family members, and your friends. Take one large group shot with everyone smiling and laughing. Be sure to make copies for everyone! A．It’s great for keeping us relaxed. B．Prepare a seating area. C．Get everything ready before camping in your backyard. D．Tell your friends to bring their tents if needed. E．You’re camping happily in the backyard, so it’s time to freeze (冻结) a moment in time. Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） 1 For me, I really enjoy eating special festival food. In the US, we often eat roasted turkey (烤火鸡) and mashed (捣碎的) potatoes for Christmas. We also really like to drink eggnog (蛋酒). 2 Hot chocolate is also very popular in the US during wintertime. 3 Gingerbread often smells sweet. You can eat it as cookies or even make a gingerbread house! Smelling gingerbread always reminds me of Christmas. I’ve lived in China for many years now and there is a holiday that I really like: Spring Festival! Spring Festival has its own special dishes, like dumplings, fish, spring rolls and tangyuan. I think holiday food is very special. 4 Eating holiday food together can keep friendships and family ties (纽带) strong. Even if you eat alone, it can make you think of home and feel happy. A．It not only tastes good but also makes you think of loved ones. B．Eggnog is a special drink with milk, cream, sugar and eggs. C．I love tangyuan most since they are so chewy (耐嚼的), and sweet. D．What do you like about holidays? E．Another fun Christmas food is gingerbread (姜饼). Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Whether it’s a day off or a week, you don’t need to be among people to have a great time. 1 You can spend your holiday on your own doing something you have no time to do in your everyday life. Eat your favourite foods. They can bring you much pleasure for sure. You can make a healthy meal at home. Cook something you love but usually don’t have time to make. Instead of having meals at home, you can also go to a local restaurant for something special. Eat it there, or bring it home. 2 Stay away from technology. You may have a chance to find the real beauty of life. Maybe you can’t help playing with your smartphones all day while you are on holiday alone. 3 In this way, you will have chances to be close to nature. 4 You can go shopping, see a film, or take a class. Take your time to search for something even small that you want. Going to see a movie or a show alone can be a fun experience. Use your holiday as a chance to try something new like dancing or painting. All in all, relax and have a wonderful holiday. Leave your worries behind and try to be a master of your own, but remember that nothing is more important than safety. A．Try to find something new and fun to do. B．Whether you eat out or cook at home, enjoy! C．Being alone can also be relaxing and amazing. D．What else can we do to enjoy the holiday? E．Why not create more time to go hiking, fly kites or do some other outdoor activities? Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） There is a big difference between knowing a country from social media (社交媒体) and experiencing it in person. 1 From March 24 to 31, a group of 15 students from the US went on an educational and cultural exchange (交流) in China. For Ian Sierra, a 15-year-old 10th grader, this was his first time going abroad. While in Beijing, Sierra bravely tried douzhi, a fermented (发酵的) bean juice. It is a challenge even for locals but he finished three bowls at one time. 2 “At Beijing No 4 High School International Campus (BHSFIC), I tried out table tennis after classes ended, and the Chinese students played like pros (职业选手),” he said. “In the US, students usually do sports through clubs and sports teams ... Sports are more for fun here.” 3 Li Weiyou, a 15-year-old student from BHSFIC and Michael’s homestay partner, was surprised by his American peer (同龄人). “Before I knew Michael, I thought US students worked more on personal development than studies. 4 He is good at both,” said Li. For Sierra, the week-long trip even influenced his future job. “I used to think about becoming a math teacher in the US. Now I’m thinking about teaching English in Beijing or Shanghai.” A．The learning was two-sided. B．But Michael showed I was wrong. C．There are many exciting things to do in Beijing. D．As well as Chinese food, Sierra took part in some activities of the programme. E．This is what students from the US and China found out during an exchange journey. 主题04 人与社会——饮食与健康 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） We all know exercise is important, yet we don’t always want to do it! Often we are too busy or feel lazy. But we should try our best to exercise every day. Exercise is good for our body. 1 Exercise develops our muscles (肌肉) and makes us stronger. When we exercise, we use energy. This keeps our weight down. Being overweight puts stress on our body. It can cause pain in our back and knees, and even cause more serious problems such as heart disease later in life. Exercise is also great for our brain. During exercise, our heart beats faster and we breathe harder. Our brain gets more oxygen (氧气) because of this, and that helps our memory improve. Scientists also tell us the body makes more of certain chemicals (化学物质) after exercise. 2 So, when you have trouble with your homework, do some exercise, then try again! 3 When we exercise, our brain makes special chemicals. These chemicals can relax our body and calm our mind. Feeling fit can also make us feel better and more confident about ourselves. When we play a sport with others, we can even make new friends. Remember: Health is wealth. The more you exercise, the healthier you’ll become. 4 A．This helps us to learn and think well. B．Try to make exercise a part of your life. C．When we exercise, our body changes. D．Exercise also helps us to feel happier. E．So it’s easy to look after your health. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·月考） Do you love holidays but hate the increasing weight (体重) that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. 1 With proper planning, it is possible to control (控制) your weight. 2 You don’t have to turn away from the food that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for a dinner, have small, low-fat snacks. 3 Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate. A large plate will encourage you to have more than enough. You’d better not have high-fat food. Dishes that look oily (油腻的) or creamy (含奶油的) have much fat in them. Choose lean meat (瘦肉). 4 If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruit. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate. As long as you eat properly during the long holiday and at a dinner table, you don’t have to worry too much about your weight. A．Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. B．The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. C．However, many people are worried about the weight that comes along with these foods. D．Having a slow walk after dinner is also a good idea. E．This may help to stop you from getting too excited before delicious food. Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁铁岭·月考） Different people like different sports. Rock climbing has been a popular sport for a long time. But now a lot of rock climbers are trying something new: ice climbing (攀冰). 1 When you go rock climbing, you climb a mountain. When you go ice climbing, you climb ice. A lot of people love ice climbing. Why? On the one hand, they can do it in many places. If people want to try something easy, they can climb glaciers (冰川) or small mountains. Those are very easy. 2 They want to try something challenging, so they can find dangerous and exciting places to go ice climbing, such as high mountains and frozen waterfalls. 3 First, in order to go ice climbing, you have to be healthy and strong. Second, you can do special exercises before you start. Last, don’t go ice climbing alone. You have to always go with some people. 4 Some say that when they get to the top of a glacier or a frozen waterfall, it’s the best feeling in the world. A．On the other hand, some people don’t like easy sports. B．Ice climbing is hard but interesting for many people. C．Ice climbing depends on weather than most sports. D．There is some advice about ice climbing. E．Ice climbing is a lot like rock climbing. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·开学考试） Sports-loving students in Ronghe Primary School in Guangxi may find it difficult to choose from over 20 sports clubs in their school. They can join any sports club in the 90-minute after-school program. 1 This is one of the school’s ways to help students to relax after class and to control myopia (控制近视). Study shows more than half of the Chinese students have myopia and the number is growing. 2 They don’t like doing sports. So in order to improve the eye health of its students, the school has four P. E. classes every week and holds (举行) lots of sports activities, too. In class, students’ eyes get tired easily because they have to look at the blackboard or books for a long time. 3 “The basketball club is one of the most popular sports clubs at school. Ball games are good for eyes by keeping the students watching the ball movement (运动) ,” said Xie Kun, one of the school’s P. E . teachers “ 4 ”. By doing a lot of sports activities, the students can not only get better eyesight but also get into the habit of exercising. A．Sports can help them to relax. B．And there are teachers for every club. C．It is helpful in stopping myopia happening D．Students spend too much time doing homework. E．Children with myopia hardly ever do enough exercise. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·辽宁营口·期中） Shuttlccock kicking (踢毽子) is a traditional sport for years. Even now, shuttlecock kicking is still one of the most popular activities (活动). In these years, many countries in Europe and Asia organize shuttlecock kicking games. Zac is a student from the UK. He didn’t exercise before because he didn’t like sports at all. But after watching a video about shuttlecock kicking, he took a great interest in it. 1 Why does the game become so popular? Firstly, shuttlecock kicking is a good way to relax for people. It helps to move all the parts of the body and improve the health. 2 They can have great fun in practicing, and at the same time it helps to develop the skills in working well in groups. Thirdly, people can play it both inside and outside. It doesn’t need a large sports ground like football. Making a shuttlecock is quite simple. 3 Then you put several feathers (羽毛) through the holes. Of course, there are shuttlecocks sold in stores. 4 Players should keep the shuttlecock in the air by using any part of the body. But they can’t use their hands. Everyone can take part in it. So, next time if you want to exercise, choose shuttlecock kicking. A．People can make friends while playing. B．Now, he is a big fan of shuttlecock kicking. C．The rule of shuttlecock kicking is also easy. D．You just need to find some coins with holes. E．Secondly, people can play alone or in a group. 主题05 人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·辽宁抚顺·月考） Problems between parents and children are common. If you need to improve your relationship with your parents, you are not alone. To develop a better relationship with your parents, you should change how you think and do things. 1 Act first. Don’t wait for your parents to try to improve the relationship. 2 Give thanks to your parents. Think about everything your parents do for you. You are sure to feel thankful to them. 3 Give them a nice gift or do some housework without telling them. They will be happy for these actions. Often talk to them. Talk to your parents about things that you care about and your feelings about these things, and your parents can understand you better. Accept your parents are different. They grow up in a different situation. 4 Try to make them think of the problems they had when you talk to your parents to improve your relationship with them. A．Refuse to talk with parents B．You should do something first. C．Here is some advice for you. D．So sometimes they think in a different way. E．Show your thanks with your actions. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） What can you do to help people or animals in need? 1 Volunteering means spending some of your free time helping others. 2 You can also volunteer to protect animals or the environment. 3 Talk to your parents, brothers or sisters and see what they might be interested in doing. Find something you all agree on and do it. Kids can also come up with their own ways to raise money or provide needed services. Volunteering can help kids learn important things about themselves. For example, they may learn what kinds of things they’re best at and enjoy the most. A volunteer job can even help some kids decide what they want to do when they grow up. Lots of people find that they really enjoy volunteering. It is true that helping others makes them feel good. No mater what they do to help, doing volunteer work means one very important thing: 4 A．The answer is volunteering. B．They make a difference in the world. C．Volunteering is a great way to have fun with your family. D．You may volunteer to help other people, such as poor children or homeless people. E．What kind of volunteer work would you like to try? Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中）Dear Sir/Madam, I’ve heard that you want a guide for your Africa tour. I think I can be a good guide for the tour because I have a lot of experience. Last year, I spent five months travelling around Africa. I planned the journey all by myself. I enjoyed experiencing local traditions. 1 I can communicate (交流) with local people very well. I believe these can help me work well as a guide. I have also worked as a leader (领队) at a summer camp in the south of England since 2019. For this job, I received much training. 2 So I know how to keep others safe during a journey. During my work, I could always help people out of danger if they were in trouble. Finally, I have been a volunteer (志愿者) for many years. I often visit the old people’s homes and homes for handicapped children. I talk and play games with the elderly and the children. 3 I think that’s also very important to be a good guide. In short, I believe my experiences are helpful. 4 Thank you for reading the letter. Yours, Nick Samson A．I even learned the local language. B．I learned how to solve the problems like meeting bad weather and getting lost. C．I have been to many interesting places so far. D．The experiences have taught me to be careful and friendly. E．I’m looking forward to the chance to tell you more about myself. 主题06 人与社会——文学、艺术、体育 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·月考） When you travel in China, you can often see some very special puppets (木偶) in many gift shops. 1 They are traditional Chinese shadow puppets (皮影). 2 It is also called “the business of the five”, because a shadow puppet play group is usually made up of five people. One moves the puppets, one sings and the other three play instruments. How did this art start? There’s a story behind it. It is said that more than 2,000 years ago, the wife of King Wu of Han died of illness. The emperor was very sad. His minister (大臣), Li Shaoweng, one day saw children playing with dolls and the shadows of the dolls were dancing on the wall. 3 He put sticks on the puppet’s hands and feet to make it easy to move. When the night came, he put up a curtain (帘), lit a candle, and invited the king to sit before the curtain. Li moved the puppet from behind the curtain. The king felt like he was seeing his wife again and was very happy. 4 Over the past thousands of years, the shadow puppet play has won the hearts of many people in China. And now, more and more people around the world are showing interest in the art. A．The Chinese shadow puppet play is a symbol of China. B．After that, the shadow puppet play became the king’s favorite thing. C．Then Li went back home and made a puppet of the king’s wife. D．They are thin, colorful, made of animal skin and in all kinds of shapes. E．The Chinese shadow puppet play is an old art. Passage 2 （25-26八年级下·辽宁鞍山·开学考试） You may often do one or more of the following things. They will make people dislike you right away. 1 Shaking your legs If you have a habit of shaking your legs, you’ve probably been told to stop doing that. It is considered a bad habit, and you may make others have a hard time focusing on (集中注意力) anything else. Eating noisily 2 But if you’re a loud eater, others sitting next to you may feel uncomfortable. And if you’re a person who smacks his lips (咂嘴) when something’s really delicious, someone out there is really annoyed by your dining habits. Not standing to one side on an escalator(自动扶梯) There are rules for using an escalator. 3 If you’re walking up or down, go to the left side. Not holding the door for the person behind you Nothing is worse than when you’re right behind someone and they just let the door shut behind them. 4 You’re showing them that you want to make their life a little bit easier, even if it is in such a simple way. A．Say hello to these people. B．From now on, stop doing them. C．Eating can be a pretty wonderful experience. D．Just hold the door open for the person behind you. E．You should move to the right when you’re standing still. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） Classic Chinese cartoons bring happiness to generations (几代) of children. They mix Chinese culture and art. After just one look, you can tell they were “born” in China. 1 Peking Opera The Legend of Sealed Book tells the story of the boy Dansheng. The film uses face makeup (妆容) from the Peking Opera. It helps to show the characters’ personalities. Lovely Dansheng looks like wawasheng, roles for kids in Peking Opera. A selfish (自私的) official looks like a clown (小丑). 2 Ink Wash Painting Little Tadpole Looking for Mummy is China’s first ink wash animation (水墨动画片). It came out in 1960. 3 Though it’s only about 15 minutes long, it took lots of work. Paper Cutting 4 The 15-minute cartoon came out in 1958. It tells the story of Zhu Bajie. He finds a watermelon, but he doesn’t want to share it with his friends. He eats it all! Artists cut Zhu Bajie out of colored paper. Then they moved its body parts and let it “eat” the watermelon. A．Artists drew anything by hand. B．There is a large white part in the center of his face. C．There are many different kinds of cartoons in the world. D．Pigsy Eats Watermelon is China’s first paper cutting cartoon. E．Let’s see how some old artists put different arts into the cartoons. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Dragon or Loong? Do we celebrate “the Year of the Dragon” or “the Year of the Loong”? In the West, dragons are famous in movies like The Lord of the Rings. 1 Let’s look at the differences and what they mean in their cultures. The Western dragon is a cruel and scary animal in many stories. It has big wings, and breathes fire. It stands for power, magic and danger. And it is often seen as a symbol of bad things. 2 In the story, Smaug was greedy (贪婪的) and wanted all the gold and treasures, which shows the bad sides of humans. In Chinese stories, the Loong looks like a combination (组合体) of nine different animals. It’s long and looks a bit like a snake. It can swim in the sea like fish. But the amazing thing is that it can fly even though it doesn’t have wings. 3 They think it can bring them good luck. It has held an important place in Chinese culture for ages. There are some traditional festivals about the Loong, such as the Longtaitou Festival and the Dragon Boat Festival. The Chinese celebrate them with different kinds of activities. Interestingly, Chinese people often call themselves “descendants (传人) of the Loong”. 4 So, when we say “the Year of the Loong”, it might be a better way to describe the special year compared to “the Year of the Dragon”. A．The Loong is deeply respected by Chinese people. B．But are these dragons the same as the Loong in Chinese culture? C．And parents expect their kids to be “Loong”—creative, confident and brave. D．“Loong” has been used in the past to describe dragons. E．For example, Smaug is a famous dragon in a book called The Hobbit. Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·月考） Classic Chinese cartoons bring happiness to generations of children. They mix Chinese culture and art. After just one look, you can tell they were “born” in China. 1 Peking Opera The Legend of Sealed Book tells the story of the boy Dansheng (旦生). The film uses face makeup (妆容) from the Peking Opera. 2 Lovely Dansheng looks like wawasheng (娃娃生), roles for kids in Peking Opera. A selfish (自私的) official looks like a clown (小丑).There is a large white part in the center of his face. Ink Wash Painting Little Tadpole (蝌蚪) Looking for Mummy is China’s first ink wash animation (水墨动画片). It came out in 1960. 3 Though it’s only about 15 minutes long, it took lots of work. Paper Cutting 4 The 15-minute cartoon came out in 1958. It tells the story of Zhu Bajie. He finds a watermelon, but he doesn’t want to share it with his friends. He eats it all! Artists cut Zhu Bajie out of colored paper. Then they moved its body parts and let it “eat” the watermelon. A．Pigsy Eats Watermelon is China’s first paper cutting cartoon. B．Artists drew anything by hand. C．It helps to show the characters’ personalities (性格). D．There are many different kinds of cartoons in the world. E．Let’s see how old artists put different arts into the cartoons. 主题07 人与社会——旅行 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） Do you know Zhangjiajie? It lies in the northwest of Hunan Province. What’s more, it’ one of the most famous tourist cities in China. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is included in the first group of China’s national 5A-level tourist attractions (旅游景点). You may wonder why. 1 Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is a park full of wonderful plants, amazing rocks in different shapes and beautiful streams (溪). The Golden Whip Stream is in the east of the park. 2 . Both sides of the stream are covered with some plants. Walking along the stream, you can enjoy the fresh air and all kinds of sounds like birds’ singing. Different kinds of plants cover many parts of the park. 3 For example, you may see wild macaque monkeys playing in the trees and Chinese water deer and Chinese giant salamanders running around in the park. All of them live in the park or around Wu ling yuan Scenic Area happily. For those who are brave and want to experience excitement, the Zhang jia jie Glass Bridge is just right for them. 4 That’s really an exciting sport! If you want to go to the park, you can book a tour around the mountains to enjoy all the beautiful things. It can be cooler in the park than in other parts of Zhangjiajie. A．In fact, it’s named after the famous Golden Whip Rock. B．Be sure to wear comfortable shoes and clothes even in summer. C．People can also see some special animals there. D．Once you set eyes on it, you will understand the reason. E．By the way, people can also go bungee jumping (蹦极) there. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Everyone’s talking about “digital citizenship”, but what exactly is it? We use the word “digital” when we talk about computer technology. Being a “citizen” means you’re part of a group of people. Digital citizens can use technology to chat with others online and know how to surf the Internet safely. Are you a good digital citizen? Here are some tips to stay safe online. Stay Safe To keep yourself safe, never share your personal information online. This includes your address or the name of your school. 1 Show Respect (尊重) Just like in real life, it’s really important to respect others online. 2 If they don’t agree to post their photos, don’t do it. Remember to be always polite! Be Kind Before you post your thoughts online, stop and think. Are your words positive (积极的)? How will they make others feel? 3 Never send unfriendly messages. Be Careful 4 Remember, people on the Internet are not always who they are. Don’t open emails from strangers, click on strange links, or download apps without asking an adult. They could have viruses (病毒). If you’re not sure, ask your parents or teachers! If we are good digital citizens, spending time and learning online can be really great. So, stay safe, be responsible, and have a good time! A．Don’t believe everyone or everything you see online. B．Don’t say things online that you wouldn’t say in person. C．If you notice someone is often late for school, you may tell him to be on time. D．Make sure you create strong passwords (密码) and don’t tell them to anyone else. E．For example, if you want to put up a photo of someone, ask for their agreement first. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Hello, everyone! I am your new friend and my name is Robo. I am a new smart robot. I’m very excited to meet you today! I was created just one week ago in a science lab, and this is my first time to talk to so many humans. 1 I’m about 1.5 meters tall—just like most of you! My body is made of shiny silver and white materials (材料) that are strong but not heavy. You’ll notice my two big, round blue eyes—they’re actually special cameras that help me see everything clearly. I have flexible (灵活的) arms with hands that can hold pencils, books, and other objects carefully. I can do many helpful things for you: Homework Helper—I can solve your problems in maths, science, and even your English vocabulary. Health Reminder—I can remind (提醒) you to drink water, and encourage you to exercise. 2 Fun Friend—When you feel bored or lonely, I can tell funny jokes, share interesting facts, or play simple word games with you. The best part is that I’m always patient and never get tired! 3 But remember, even though I’m smart, human beings are much more amazing. I was created to help you, not to take your place. I hope we can become good friends and learn many things together. 4 Thank you for listening! A．Let me tell you about myself. B．Maybe you can even teach me something new! C．I can also help you cook meals. D．I don’t need to sleep or eat, so I’m ready to help any time. E．I can also tell you when to go to bed or take breaks from studying. Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. 1 According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Science, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple another again (花青素). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color. To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruits grow in cooler places. Instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. While blue and purple fruits mostly grow in warm places. 2 The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator (赤道), the darker its color will be. Animals have also had an effect on fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. 3 Therefore, in order to attract animals, fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see. 4 Fruit needs to develop colors that are sited to the animals. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there are more red fruits in the areas where birds live. A．However, animals see colors in a different way. B．This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. C．However, a darker color doesn’t mean a better kind of fruit. D．These fruits grow a lot in just one specific (特定的) area. E．Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors? Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） People may think rules are only made to stop us from having fun, but what if there were no rules? Nobody could tell you what to do! That sounds great, doesn’t it? If there were no rules, what would life be like? 1 You would have a strange morning. When your alarm clock goes off, you have no reason to hurry. Without rules, you wouldn’t have to go to school. In this new world, you would not have to brush your teeth. 2 You would live in a community that is out of control. 3 Without crossing guards, there would be no one to help you cross the street safely. In the playground, rubbish is everywhere. As all government services are gone, nobody looks after the playground. However, this kind of world is not real. 4 If an old law no longer makes sense, the government can change it. In this way, we can live in a safe and peaceful community. Without their efforts, the world would be a very different place. A．Now think about doing something you love. B．Maybe you would live in a different world. C．Of course, your teeth would hurt badly after some time. D．Our government has made laws that can help us keep safe. E．There were no more traffic laws, so cars would be driven freely. 主题08 人与社会——旅行 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (青藏高原) which is known as “the roof of the world” is the highest plateau in the world. It’s growing faster and faster. Though the weather conditions are not the same in different areas of the plateau, they have something in common. 1 The sunshine is strong and the temperature is low. It helps stop the cold wind from North Asia coming into South Asia. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is famous for its beautiful scenery. 2 Mount Qomolangma stands on the southwest of the plateau. Besides, both the Yellow River and the Yangtze River start there and run towards the east. The plateau has rich natural resources. 3 Many of them can be used as Chinese medicine. With new technology, the plateau has been developing fast these years. In 2019, a 5G base station was built on the plateau. 4 In 2023, the Fuxing high-speed train series has been running on the Qinghai-Xizang Railway’s Xining Golmud section. It can travel at a speed of 160 kilometres per hour, which cuts down the travel time. A．The 5G service has made the local people’s life much easier. B．The air is usually dry and thin. C．There are all kinds of wild plants. D．It shows a large picture of snow mountains, green forests, wide grasslands, running goats and flying birds. E．It covers an area of about 2.5 million square kilometres. Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Animals are important to us. 1 Some people see animals as their friends, and some even like keeping a cat or a dog at home because they’re cute. After bringing them home, animals can stay with people for a long time. The writer of the National Academy of Science finds that dogs enjoy looking at people’s eyes. 2 Some scientists also find that animals can understand people because they can learn about the feelings quickly and smartly. When people are sad, animals can not only know it at once but also make people feel warm and happy. 3 Animals need home, food and drink. So we need to give them those things. Learning to look after animals at home helps children become kind. We should also notice the situation of animals. The bad news is that many animals don’t have much land to live in because the cities are getting bigger and bigger. So we should help them when they are in trouble. It’s time for us to do something. Setting up nature parks is a good way. 4 A．We should be friendly to animals. B．Let’s find more ways to help them. C．Human beings make some animals endangered. D．In our daily lives, we see animals all around us. E．That’s why many people feel dogs are so lovely. Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Have you ever dreamed of flying to Mars? A teenager called Alyssa Carson has a big dream for her future. If her dream comes true, she’ll fly into space. But she doesn’t want to orbit (环绕……运行) the earth on the space station or go to the moon. Alyssa wants to travel to Mars, the red planet. So, is this just a dream? No. Alyssa had this dream when she was three years old because the idea was exciting and “no one’s been there!” After that, she read lots of books on Mars and entered her first space camp when she was seven. 1 It’s an expensive trip and it needs many years of training. This is a problem for Alyssa’s family, but her parents try to help her because she has tried her best to make her dream come true. Alyssa believes that the mission (飞行任务) to Mars will help us get to know the planet better. More than 100,000 people have already applied (申请) for a journey to Mars. 2 It’s better if they have a similar kind of experience. Alyssa has a certificate (证书) in scuba diving (潜水) and is already working on her pilot’s license. Both these things, as well as a certificate in skydiving are important for an astronaut’s training. 3 Alyssa speaks Spanish, French, Chinese and some Turkish, so this should be enough! Only a few people can go on the first Mars mission. The flight to Mars won’t be easy. They will spend hundreds of days together in a very small space! 4 You would live in an very small space called a “pod” and you would wear a space suit all the time. If you made a phone call home, it would take half an hour for the sound to reach the earth! Also, if you got ill, there wouldn’t be any hospitals. Life wouldn’t be as easy, that’s for sure! But it would be really exciting. A．So, if you were an astronaut on Mars, what would life be like? B．It’s necessary to speak several languages if someone wants to be an astronaut. C．The Mission to Mars is so exciting that more and more people are interested in it. D．Since then, she’s learned a lot about travelling to other planets. E．If they pass the tests, they will start a training program. Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁辽阳·期中） Koalas are lovely. Most of them live in Australia. Koalas have short front legs and long strong back legs. Their fur (毛皮) is brown and thick. 1 A baby koala is very small when it is born. It is not bigger than your little toe (脚趾头) . It has no fur and can’t see anything, either. It lives in its mother’s pouch (育儿袋) for 5 to 7 months. When the baby koala leaves its mother’s pouch, it has lots of fur. And it is as big as your shoe. 2 Adult koalas usually sleep during the day and eat at night. They have leaves as their food. 3 During the 1920s, however, people kept killing them for their fur and lots of koalas died. Later, laws were made to stop people from killing koalas and make the population of koalas increase. Today there are fewer than 100,000 koalas in the country and they are still in danger of dying out. Life is still not easy for them. 4 A．It keeps them warm during the cold weather. B．Koalas belong to a kind of endangered animals. C．Once, there were millions of koalas in Australia. D．Koalas can grow up to be about 60cm tall and weigh from 9kg to 13kg. E．They have fewer and fewer places to live in and many of them die from diseases. Passage 5 （23-24八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Zero Waste Starting in August 2020, Melbourne Girls’ College in Australia spent over five weeks getting rid of its bins. 1 They were encouraged to move to zero waste. In the beginning, not all people on campus (校园) got used to the new change, but later they were all in favour of (赞同) it. This programme was raised by a teacher called Paula McIntosh. 2 These parks didn’t provide visitors with bins and asked visitors to take rubbish home. As part of the programme, volunteer students would check and find out who brought “zero waste” lunch boxes. 3 They had a chance to get rewards such as coffee cups. Students took their rubbish home after school and trucks came to collect it from their home bins. This new programme might also help families to buy fewer packaged food and reuse the containers. The programme was also supported by the local government. 4 Ms Melntosh admitted (承认) as well. “This programme can not only reduce rubbish on campus, but also have an effect on families.” A．If students used reusable boxes or packaging, they would win prizes. B．Everyone should do something to protect the animals. C．One of the governors said that the acts of one person could lead to great changes. D．She said she got the no-bin idea from national parks. E．All the teachers and students were asked to take their rubbish home. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 五选四 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳） Pandas are China’s national (国家的) treasures. They are so lovely that every year many foreign tourists come to China to see them. Some of the tourists choose to stay in Sichuan. 1 She worked as a panda keeper in Sichuan. When Betty was three years old, her grandmother bought her a toy panda. The little girl liked it very much. 2 One day, her mother said to her, “You like pandas so much. You can find a job that has something to do with pandas.” 3 In order to work as a panda keeper, Betty learned Chinese in college. After graduation (毕业), she came to China to study about animal protection. 4 Betty does her best to make sure all the pandas at the base (基地) are well and happy. The job is tiring, but Betty never complains (抱怨), she says. Do you like pandas? Do you want to work as a panda keeper? If you do, then try to learn about pandas as much as you can. A．Betty Green is one of them. B．I love pandas and I love this job. C．Betty thought it was a great idea. D．She would go everywhere with the toy panda. E．And then she started working at a panda base in Sichuan. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了贝蒂作为熊猫饲养员的工作经历以及她对这份工作的热爱。 1．根据“Some of the tourists choose to stay in Sichuan. ”可知，此处应是引出具体的人物，即选择留在四川的游客中的一位，选项A“贝蒂·格林就是其中之一。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“When Betty was three years old, her grandmother bought her a toy panda. The little girl liked it very much.”可知，此处应是描述贝蒂对这个玩具熊猫的喜爱程度，选项D“她会带着玩具熊猫到处走。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“One day, her mother said to her, ‘You like pandas so much. You can find a job that has something to do with pandas. ’”可知，此处应是描述贝蒂对母亲建议的反应，选项C“贝蒂觉得这是个好主意。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“In order to work as a panda keeper, Betty learned Chinese in college. After graduation (毕业), she came to China to study about animal protection.”可知，此处应是描述贝蒂毕业后的工作情况，选项E“然后她开始在四川的一个熊猫基地工作。”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·月考） Shi Xiangzi was a music master, and he was very good at playing the guqin. One of his students was Confucius. When Confucius began his first lesson, he kept playing the same piece of music for many days. Shi Xiangzi wanted to know why. One day, Shi Xiangzi told Confucius, “You play this piece well. 1 ” Confucius said, “Thank you, but I have to master its technique (技巧).” After some days, Confucius could play with the technique. His teacher said, “You can start to learn new pieces.” “Let me practice more. I want to know its conception (构思).” he said 1 Shi Xiangzi listened to his playing and enjoyed it a lot. He asked, “Now that you’ve learned its conception, why don’t you learn the next piece?” “But I still don’t know who composed (创作),” Confucius answered. 3 He told his teacher happily, “From this music, I can tell it was composed by a great ruler. Who else could it be but King Wen!” “You’re right!” Shi Xiangzi said. “You are so smart.” “ 4 ” Confucius said. A．That is because you are my teacher. B．Maybe you’ll have to practice more. C．You can move on to practice other pieces D．After even more practice, Confucius stopped one day. E．So Confucius went on practicing the same piece of music 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了孔子向师襄子学习古琴，通过不断练习，逐步掌握技巧、构思，最终了解创作者的故事。 1．根据“You play this piece well.”可知，此处老师是在肯定孔子当前弹奏的水平，接下来可能会给出下一步学习的建议，选项C“你可以继续练习其他曲目了”符合语境，即老师觉得孔子这首曲子弹得不错，可以开始学习新曲目了。故选C。 2．根据“Let me practice more. I want to know its conception (构思).”可知，孔子想要进一步了解曲子的构思，所以会继续练习这首曲子，选项E“因此孔子继续练习同一首曲子”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“He told his teacher happily, ‘From this music, I can tell it was composed by a great ruler. Who else could it be but King Wen!’”可知，此处应是孔子在更多练习后有所感悟并告知老师，选项D“经过更多练习后，孔子有一天停了下来”符合语境，说明孔子经过更多练习后有了新的发现，然后停下来告诉老师。故选D。 4．根据“‘You’re right!’ Shi Xiangzi said. ‘You are so smart.’”可知，此处应是孔子对老师夸赞的回应，选项A“那是因为你是我的老师”符合语境，孔子用谦逊的话语回应老师的夸赞。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Hobbies can be almost anything that people like to do in their free time, such as building mode ships, watching birds, caring for animals, climbing mountains, planting flowers, fishing, skating and swimming. They also draw pictures, go to concerts and play instruments (乐器) like the piano. 1 People take up hobbies because these activities offer friendship, knowledge and pleasure, Sometimes they even get money and success from their hobbies. Hobbies help people relax after hard work and provide a balance (平衡) between work and play. Anyone rich or young, ill or well, can follow a hobby. 2 Doctors have found that hobbies are valuable in helping people get well after an illness. Many hospitals treat patients (治疗病人) by advising them to take up interesting hobbies. In early times, most people were too busy making a living (谋生) to have many hobbies. 3 The ancient Egyptians (埃及人) played games with balls made of wood. People today have more time than ever for hobbies. With the help of machines they don’t need to spend lots of time on their jobs. If a person has his own hobbies, he will never need to worry about his life after he retires (退休). 4 Sir William Osier, a famous Canadian doctor agreed with the value of hobbies by saying, “No man is really happy or safe without a hobby.” A．Hobbies can help with a person’s health. B．People take up hobbies for different reasons (原因). C．They collect everything from coins to stamps. D．Hobbies bring meaning and colour to people’s life. E．But when people had free time, they did enjoy hobbies. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．E 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了爱好的多样性，阐述了人们从事爱好的原因，如能带来友谊、知识、乐趣等，还说明了爱好对健康有益，以及不同时期人们与爱好的联系，强调爱好给人们的生活带来意义和色彩。 1．根据“People take up hobbies because these activities offer friendship, knowledge and pleasure, Sometimes they even get money and success from their hobbies.”可知，人们从事爱好是因为这些活动能带来友谊、知识和乐趣，有时还能从中获得金钱和成功，阐述了人们从事爱好的原因。选项B“人们出于不同的原因从事爱好”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据“Doctors have found that hobbies are valuable in helping people get well after an illness.”可知，医生发现爱好对帮助病人康复很有价值，说明了爱好和健康的关系。选项A“爱好有助于一个人的健康”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“In early times, most people were too busy making a living (谋生) to have many hobbies.”以及后面举例 “The ancient Egyptians (埃及人) played games with balls made of wood.”可知，早期人们忙于谋生没时间有很多爱好，但有空的时候还是会享受爱好。选项E“但当人们有空闲时间时，他们确实享受爱好”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“If a person has his own hobbies, he will never need to worry about his life after he retires (退休).”并结合文章主旨可知，爱好给人们生活带来了意义和色彩。选项D“爱好给人们的生活带来意义和色彩” 符合文章主旨，故选D。 主题02 人与自我——家人、朋友与周围的人 Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） It was summer just a few weeks before school started. One day I was bored at home. Then I saw a girl playing in front of her house. I ran out and said hello to her. 1 We were so happy that day. In the later days we’d always play around the neighborhood. School started and we’d always sit next to each other on the bus. We became best friends! One year later, I had to go back to my country—India. 2 I still remember the last night before my trip back to India. We were so sad and cried very much. After I was back to my country, we still e-mailed each other until I was in Grade 9. Then I suddenly lost contact (联系) with her. I was worried and kept hoping she could reply! 3 When I was in Grade 10, my family went to the US for a visit. I still hoped to see her again. I tried calling her but her phone number had changed. Finally I lost hope and wanted to give up. 4 I couldn’t believe my eyes. I cried with joy! And now we are still in contact and are best friends! The lesson I learned from this is never to give up and always hope. A．But she never did. B．But I didn’t want to leave my best friend! C．Because anything’s possible! D．We started talking and getting to know each other. E．One day I suddenly found her on the Internet. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小时候交了一个很好的朋友，后来分开了，之后失去联系，作者没有放弃找她，最终找到了她，这个故事告诉我们，永不放弃并充满希望，一切皆有可能。 1．根据“I ran out and said hello to her.”和“We were so happy that day.”可知，此处是说我们聊天，认识彼此，选项D“我们开始交谈并相互了解。”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据“One year later, I had to go back to my country—India.”和“I still remember the last night before my trip back to India. We were so sad and cried very much.”可知，此处表达不想离开，选项B“但我不想离开我最好的朋友！”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“I was worried and kept hoping she could reply!”和“When I was in Grade 10, my family went to the US for a visit. I still hoped to see her again.”可知，此处是说对方一直未回复，选项A“但她从来没有回复。”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据“I couldn’t believe my eyes. I cried with joy! And now we are still in contact and are best friends!”可知，此处是说找到了她，选项E“一天，我突然在网上找到了她。”符合语境，故选E。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） Nowadays, some young people have trouble in communicating with their parents. 1 First, make a list of the things you and your parents disagree about most. With each of these things, try to find an answer that both you and your parents can accept. 2 You have to be ready to change a little if you want your parents to change. 3 Remember that your parents may have to work long hours and they will be tired, so be patient (耐心的) with them. Third, listen to what your parents say. How can you expect them to listen to you if you are not ready to listen to them? And your parents were once young like you, so they understand your situation better than you expect. Finally, if you don’t get a satisfactory result, try not to get upset. 4 Part of growing up is learning to understand another person’s way of looking at things. A．There is some advice to help solve this problem. B．Talk with your parents and find out the reasons. C．It isn’t good for you to require (要求) everything to work in your way. D．Second, talk to your parents when it is convenient (方便的) for them. E．So you should listen to your parents. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要给出了一些如何与父母进行良好沟通的建议。 1．根据“Nowadays, some young people have trouble in communicating with their parents.”和“First, make a list of the things you and your parents disagree about most.”可知，下文给出了与父母交流的建议，A项“这里有一些建议可以帮助解决这个问题。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“With each of these things, try to find an answer that both you and your parents can accept.”和“You have to be ready to change a little if you want your parents to change.”可知，要寻找一个你和父母都能接受的答案，如果你想让你的父母有所改变，你必须准备好做出一些改变。C项“要求每件事都按你的方式进行对你来说是不好的。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“Third, listen to what your parents say.”可知，此处说的是第二点建议，D项“其次，在你父母方便的时候和他们谈谈。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“Finally, if you don’t get a satisfactory result, try not to get upset.”和“Part of growing up is learning to understand another person’s way of looking at things.”可知，如果你没有得到一个满意的结果，也不要沮丧，要试着找出原因。B项“和你的父母谈谈，找出原因。”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期末） Some people prefer to make friends with people who are very much like them while others prefer friends who are very different. 1 If a person chooses a friend similar to himself or herself, there is no doubt that they will share many common interests. They may have similar goals in life. 2 Two people who are very similar will feel comfortable with each other and may understand each other’s feelings better. 3 There are also many advantages of making friends with someone of opposite interests and even character. In this type of friendship, the two people complement (补充) each other. 4 While two people with similar goals may find themselves in competition, those who want different things can always support each other. Those who have different interests can introduce each other to new experiences and so enrich (使丰富) their knowledge. While a friend who is unlike me may be challenging, a similar friend is familiar and safe. A．Their friendship may be deeper and last longer. B．There are advantages to both types of friendship. C．If one is weak in some ways, the other is strong. D．To have a friend, you must learn to be one. E．This means that they will be able to help each other in achieving their goals. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了两种交友方式的优缺点——与相似的人交朋友和与不同的人交朋友，并分析了各自的益处。 1．根据首段“Some people prefer...very different.”可知，这里是在引出两种交友方式的对比。选项B“两种友谊都有优点”符合语境，概括了全文主旨。故选B。 2．根据“They may have similar goals...achieve their goals.”可知，相似的朋友能互相帮助实现目标。选项E“这意味着他们能互相帮助实现目标”与原文逻辑一致，符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Two people who are very similar...better.”可知，这种友谊更深厚持久。选项A“他们的友谊可能更深、更长久”是对原文的合理总结，符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“the two people complement each other”及后文“While two people...support each other”可知，这里强调互补性。选项C “如果一方某方面弱，另一方强” 直接体现了互补关系，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·辽宁锦州·期中） Mom and Dad are two of the most important people in your life. Over your lifetime, they may influence (影响) you more than anyone else you will meet. 1 Here are some ways you can stay close, get along well, and build a strong relationship (关系) with your parents. Spend time together. Don’t spend so much time playing computer games or watching TV. You can ask your mom and dad to play with you. Go out to do something, try some new games, or just read a book together. 2 You may want your parents to help you when you feel sad, but your mom and dad may not know that you are having a problem. Tell them what’s the matter with you and they will be glad to help you. Be kind. 3 You can brighten a parent’s day with a hug (拥抱), a card, or a joke. It’s also lovely when a kid cleans up his or her room without being asked. And if you try not to fight with your brothers or sisters, your parents will be so happy! Do your best at whatever you do. You don’t have to be perfect (完美的), but when you do your best, you make your parents proud. It makes them happy to see how you’re turning into a great kid. Why? 4 A．Share your feelings and ask for help. B．Little things may mean a lot to your mum or dad. C．Some kids always say their parents are too strict with them. D．Do you want to get on well with them? E．Because it lets them know they’re doing a good job. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了父亲和母亲是我们生命中非常重要的两个人物，为了和父母保持良好的关系，我们可以多花时间和父母在一起，对父母友善并努力凡事都做到自己的最好。 1．根据“Here are some ways you can stay close, get along well, and build a strong relationship (关系) with your parents.”可知，下文要讲述一些和父母相处的方法，可推知空处内容涉及与父母相处的话题。选项D“你想要和他们友好相处吗？”与之相符。故选D。 2．根据“Tell them what’s the matter with you and they will be glad to help you.”可知，本段主要讲述了要告诉父母你的问题以寻求父母的帮助。选项A“分享你的感觉并且寻求帮助。”与之相符。故选A。 3．根据“You can brighten a parent’s day with a hug (拥抱), a card, or a joke.”可知，通过做一些小事你就能让父母亲开心。选项B“小事物可能对你的妈妈或爸爸意义重大。”与之相符。故选B。 4．根据“Why? ”可知，前后为因果关系，故空处会解释让父母开心的原因。选项E“因为它让他们知道他们做得很好。”与之相符。故选E。 Passage 5 （23-24八年级上·辽宁铁岭·期中） It is Sunday morning. I get up early, because today is a special day. It is my sister Joyce’s 16th birthday. My father and brothers went to Paris to visit my grandparents last week. 1 Now Joyce is still sleeping in her bed. She stayed up late last night. My mother and I decide to do some things for her today. First, we are going to prepare a special breakfast for her. 2 She is going to cook bacon (培根) for Joyce. It’s Joyce’s favorite food. I think she will like it. 3 I’m sure Joyce will be surprised and happy when she sees the cake with the words “Happy Birthday to Joyce” on it. Next, we are going to the supermarket to buy a present and some flowers for her. 4 So we will buy her a beautiful skirt. Finally, we will have a party for her tonight. We will invite many guests to our party. It’s a pity that my father and brother’s are not at home, but I believe we will enjoy ourselves today. A．We’ll invite many guests to our party today. B．So only my mother my sister and I are at home. C．She likes wearing skirts. D．My mother is a great cook E．Then, we are going to buy a big cake. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．E 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了我和母亲为庆祝妹妹Joyce的生日做的一些筹备计划。 1．根据“My father and brothers went to Paris to visit my grandparents last week.”可知，家里只有妈妈、妹妹和我，选项B“所以只有我妈妈、我妹妹和我在家”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“She is going to cook bacon (培根) for Joyce.”可知，此处说妈妈的厨艺很好，选项D“我妈妈是个很棒的厨师”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“I’m sure Joyce will be surprised and happy when she sees the cake with the words ‘Happy Birthday to Joyce’ on it.”可知，我们还打算买一个蛋糕，选项E“然后，我们要买一个大蛋糕”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“So we will buy her a beautiful skirt.”可知，Joyce喜欢裙子，所以我们还打算给她买一条漂亮的裙子，选项C“她喜欢穿裙子”符合语境。故选C。 主题03 人与自我——日常生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） Lots of students are too busy doing their homework to help out with housework. So, many parents want to know if they should give their children chores. Well, there’s no need to worry. Chores are good for children. First, doing chores helps children learn to be independent. Parents can’t stay by their children’s side all the time. 1 And these skills will help them be ready for the day when they go to college or take care of their own houses. 2 When children finish a chore, they will not only take pride in a job well done but also have confidence in their ability to do things well. Third, doing chores makes it possible for children to develop good relationships with their family, friends and partners. Doing chores together with family can make children more caring for their family. And they begin to learn their responsibility in a family or a group. 3 They will know that if they work together as a team, things will be completed quicker and better. 4 Yes! And it should be on the top of the list. Now, my friends, are you ready to help? A．Should children do chores? B．That helps them build team spirit. C．Children can’t do chores without their parents’ help. D．Second, doing chores helps children build self-confidence. E．Children need to learn the necessary life skills to be independent. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要从三个方面讲述了做家务对孩子们的好处。 1．根据下文“And these skills will help them be ready for the day when they go to college or take care of their own houses.”可知，提到了上大学和照看自己房子需要的技能，故空处与孩子掌握技能的好处相关。选项E“孩子们需要掌握必要的生活技能才能独立。”与之相符，故选E。 2．根据上文“First”及下文“Third”可知，此处是介绍第二条好处，选项D“第二，做家务可以帮助孩子建立自信。”与之相符，故选D。 3．根据下文“They will know that if they work together as a team, things will be completed quicker and better.”可知，做家务能使孩子们有团队合作意识，故空处会有团队合作相关。选项B“这有助于他们创建团队精神。”与之相符，故选B。 4．根据下文“Yes!”可知，此处是一个一般疑问句，选项A“孩子应该做家务吗？”与之相符，故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） Should parents ask their children to do chores? Some believe that children should not do chores. They think that children are too young to cook or clean for themselves or their parents. But many people believe that children can learn a lot from doing regular chores. Parents should help children learn to do the housework that they will have to do when they live on their own. 1 Most experts (专家) do agree. 2 Parents shouldn’t, of course, ask a schoolboy to cook when he is doing his homework. If the child has activities after school, the time left to do chores may be short. 3 When a child does what his parents ask him to do happily, he will probably have the feeling of growing up. Chores can be useful. They are a teaching tool (工具). Parents use the tool to teach children, so that they can care for themselves some day. 4 If parents keep a clean house, children won’t find any reason to do chores. A．And they also give children a sense of responsibility, importance and confidence. B．Parents must make children understand how hard they work. C．However, the chores should suit (适合) children. D．Doing chores can help children get better grades. E．Perhaps more chores on weekends can be helpful. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了父母是否应该让孩子做家务这一话题。 1．根据“Parents should help children learn to do the housework that they will have to do when they live on their own.”可知，前文提到父母应帮助孩子学习独立生活所需的家务，选项A“并且它们还能给孩子一种责任感、重要性和自信心”进一步说明做家务对孩子的好处，故选A。 2．根据“Parents shouldn’t, of course, ask a schoolboy to cook when he is doing his homework.”可知，后文举例说明不应让正在做作业的学生做饭，选项C“然而，家务应该适合孩子”提出家务要适合孩子的观点，引出后文的具体例子，故选C。 3．根据“If the child has activities after school, the time left to do chores may be short.”可知，前文提到孩子放学后有活动，做家务的时间可能很短，选项E“也许周末多做些家务会有帮助”针对时间短的问题提出建议，符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“If parents keep a clean house, children won’t find any reason to do chores.”可知，后文指出父母把房子打扫得很干净，孩子就没有做家务的理由了，选项B“父母必须让孩子明白他们工作有多辛苦”强调父母要让孩子理解劳动的不易，从而促使孩子参与家务，衔接下文，故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·月考） Time Management Do you ever wish you had more time? Everyone gets the same amount of time each day. But here are some ways to use those hours better. As a popular saying says, “Work smarter, not harder.” The most important way to manage your time is to set priorities (优先权). 1 . Also, consider whether or not they are urgent (紧急的)—if they need to be done right away. It can be easy to forget important tasks that aren’t urgent, so make time for them. Decide ahead of time what you’re going to do at certain times each day. Schedule times not only to meet people but also to do things alone. Then you can make sure everything gets done. 2 . Are you smarter in the morning, afternoon or evening? Schedule difficult tasks for times you feel good, saving easy ones for when you’re tired. Write down what you need to do and when. I keep two to-do lists: one for the present tasks and one for larger projects I’m working on. That way I can make sure I don’t forget anything. 3 . When someone wants to give you a task, think carefully. Is it really important enough to spend your precious (宝贵的) time on? Could someone else do it instead? 4 . If you’re in charge of (负责) running a meeting, keep it short. Reading articles or talking to friends online can also use up much of your time. Don’t allow it. In the end, using time well is about making a good plan and sticking to it. A．Think about the time of day you work best B．Find out which of your tasks is the most important C．Attend meetings as often as possible D．Often, managing time means saying no to things that aren’t so important E．Meetings can also be a waste of time, so avoid them whenever possible 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种管理时间的方法。 1．根据上文“The most important way to manage your time is to set priorities.(优先权)”可知，要设定优先权，分清轻重缓急。选项B“弄清楚你的哪些任务是最重要的。”与之相符，故选B。 2．根据下文“Are you smarter in the morning, afternoon or evening?”可知，询问了什么时间头脑更灵活，故空处会提及选择高效时间段。选项A“想想你工作效率最高的时间。”与之相符，故选A。 3．根据下文“When someone wants to give you a task, think carefully. Is it really important enough to spend your precious (宝贵的) time on? Could someone else do it instead?”可知，举例说明拒绝他人任务请求的情景，强调“拒绝不重要的事”。选项D“通常，管理时间意味着对不那么重要的事情说不。”与之相符，故选D。 4．根据下文“If you’re in charge of (负责) running a meeting, keep it short.”可知，提到了会议要简短。选项E“会议也往往是浪费时间，所以尽可能避免。”与之相符，故选E。 主题04 人与自我——自我管理（理财） Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·辽宁沈阳·开学考试） Let’s imagine this: Your parents are going out of town for a week. You’re left with 800 yuan. How will you spend it? It would be unwise to spend the money at the mall, especially if you already have great clothes, right?   1 You’d probably also want to put some money aside for unexpected situations. Well, you need to learn how to budget. It’s all about deciding what matters the most to you and how much you want to spend on those things. Working out your priorities (优先事项) is actually the most important part of budgeting. 2 You have to consider saving money to afford it. The next time your friend invites you to join them for a party, you might decide to refuse. But having a budget doesn’t mean you can’t have fun. You just have to get creative. Instead of meeting your friends at the pizza shop and then going to the movies, you can invite them over to your house. You can buy some frozen pizzas at the supermarket and watch a movie online. 3 . If you search the Internet for budgeting tips, you’ll find many. You have plenty of chances to test them. Once you find a way that works for you, it’s easier to get excited about budgeting. 4 If you go over your budget, just try to learn from your mistakes. It’s part of becoming a responsible spender. A．It’s a lot cheaper but just as fun. B．For example, you plan to buy a new bike. C．Keep in mind that even adults make mistakes at times. D．You can also ask your parents for help if your money runs out. E．A smarter way to spend that money would be on food and transportation (交通)。 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。围绕青少年理财与预算管理展开，假设父母外出一周、给孩子800元生活费的场景，引导读者学习合理规划金钱：避免冲动消费，优先保障生活必需开支，学会储蓄应对突发情况，同时在预算内通过创意方式享受生活，最后鼓励大家尝试预算方法、从错误中学习，成为负责任的消费者。 1．根据“It would be unwise to spend the money at the mall, especially if you already have great clothes, right? 1 You’d probably also want to put some money aside for unexpected situations.”可知，前文否定了“在商场乱花钱买衣服”的不明智做法，后文提到“要存钱应对意外”，中间需要一句更明智的花钱方向来衔接，所以，选项E“更明智的花钱方式是用在食物和交通上。”既承接了“否定商场消费”的观点，又给出了合理的消费方向，和后文“储蓄”的建议逻辑连贯。故选E。 2．根据“Working out your priorities is actually the most important part of budgeting.… You have to consider saving money to afford it.”可知，前文强调“明确优先事项是预算核心”，后文说“要存钱去负担它”，中间需要一个具体的优先事项例子，选项B“比如，你计划买一辆新自行车。”用“买新自行车”举例说明“优先事项”，自然引出后文“为它存钱”的内容，逻辑通顺。故选B。 3．根据“Instead of meeting your friends at the pizza shop and then going to the movies, you can invite them over to your house. You can buy some frozen pizzas at the supermarket and watch a movie online.… ”可知，前文对比了“外出聚餐看电影”和“在家自制披萨看线上电影”两种娱乐方式，最后需要一句总结这种方式的优势，选项A“这便宜很多，但乐趣一点也不少。”精准概括了“在家娱乐”既省钱又能享受乐趣的特点，完美收尾这一段。故选A。 4．根据“If you go over your budget, just try to learn from your mistakes. It’s part of becoming a responsible spender.”可知，后文提到“超预算了要从错误中学习”，说明前文需要一句铺垫“犯错是正常的”的内容，选项C“要记住，即使是成年人有时也会犯错。”缓解读者对“超预算”的焦虑，说明犯错是普遍现象，为后文“从错误中学习”做铺垫，逻辑自然。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Nowadays, Alipay and WeChat Pay are widely used in China. This makes it easier than ever for people to buy things. However, this can sometimes lead young people to spend too much money without realizing it. With this in mind, young people need to learn how to manage (管理) their money. 1 Create a budget. To make a monthly budget, you need to add up all the money you usually spend on things each month. Make sure to write down the right number and include everything — large or small. 2 If you don’t have enough money, be ready to change your budget to spend less on other things. Set goals (目标). Think about what you want to achieve with your money. 3 To help you save enough money for your goal, try to cut down on unnecessary costs. For example, instead of buying milk tea every day, you could make it at home. Spend less and save more until you reach your money goal. 4 You can get money from your family by helping with the housework, such as sweeping the floor or washing dishes. You can also sell some things that you no longer need or want. A．Make money at home. B．Here is some useful advice. C．Ask parents for more money. D．It could be a trip or something you like. E．Check your budget first when buying something expensive. 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文指出中国广泛使用的支付宝、微信支付虽便利消费，却易导致年轻人无意识超支，进而提出年轻人需学习理财，并给出了具体的理财建议，包括制定预算、设定目标及居家赚钱等。 1．根据“With this in mind, young people need to learn how to manage (管理) their money.”及下文可知，此处指的是管理财务的建议，选项B“这里有一些有用的建议。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“To make a monthly budget, you need to add up all the money you usually spend on things each month. Make sure to write down the right number and include everything — large or small.”可知，此处与制定预算有关，选项E“买贵重物品时先检查一下预算。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Think about what you want to achieve with your money.”可知，下文应举例说明具体的财务目标，选项D“可以是旅行或者你喜欢的东西。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“You can get money from your family by helping with the housework, such as sweeping the floor or washing dishes. You can also sell some things that you no longer need or want.”可知，此处指的是赚取零花钱，选项A“在家赚钱。”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁本溪·期中） “Everybody loves a bargain (便宜货).” is a famous saying. 1 In our daily life, one person’s useless or broken object may be another person’s bargain. That is why so many Americans don’t throw things away. They put them outside their houses. They put on a “For Sale” sign. And they have a yard sale. Over the years, many people’s houses have been filled with useless objects. It seems wasteful to throw them away. 2 The sellers put an ad (广告) in a newspaper or online first. It tells when and where the yard sale will take place. Early in the morning, people take their things out of the house. 3 People can sell anything at a yard sale, such as old toys, books, tools, tables and chairs. Some people go to yard sales to find a special thing, however, some people don’t. 4 Later, they may hold their own yard sales to sell all the things they have bought. A．They might buy an object simply because it is very cheap. B．Then they sit all day waiting for someone to take them home. C．A bargain is something that you get for less than its usual price. D．If they can sell the things at higher prices, that will be very nice. E．So most people choose to sell the things they don’t use any more. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在美国常见的庭院旧物销售。 1．根据“‘Everybody loves a bargain (便宜货).’ is a famous saying. ”以及备选项可知，此处应该介绍bargain“减价品”指的是什么。C选项“减价品是您以低于平常的价格获得的东西。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“It seems wasteful to throw them away.”以及备选项可知，此处指的是很多人选择把他们不用的东西打广告卖掉。E选项“所以大多数人选择卖掉他们不再使用的东西。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Early in the morning, people take their things out of the house.”可知，他们一大早把东西拿出去，因此，此处说他们等待有人把这些东西买走。B选项“然后他们整天坐着等有人把它们拿回家。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Later, they may hold their own yard sales to sell all the things they have bought.”可知，他们以后会再出售自己买到的东西，由此可以推断出他们买的物品不一定是要用的，也可能是因为价格便宜而购买。A选项“他们可能会因为便宜而购买一件物品。”符合语境。故选A。 主题05 人与社会——饮食与健康 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁阜新·期末） Smashed cucumber (拍黄瓜) salad is one of the most popular cold dishes in China. You can find the green dish anywhere from restaurants to homes. 1 According to the New York Times, smashed cucumber salad is “everywhere” in New York. Some restaurants have even added the dish to their menus. 2 But American cooks are trying yogurt, honey, lemon and other common Western ingredients. Why is this dish becoming so popular? 3 Smashed cucumbers can hold onto tastes more than cucumbers which are cut into fixed shape and size. “Just changing the way you break down an ingredient...changes the way it feels and tastes. It’s cool,” said Danny Bowien, a cook at a New York restaurant. 4 The cook smashes fresh cucumbers with the flat side of a knife. The strong smash makes the cucumbers different shapes and sizes. Then other ingredients can be added. Also, it takes only five minutes to make the salad. Cook Julia Coldberg said it’s really “satisfying”. “The success of smashed cucumber salad abroad shows that we should try to fit into local conditions when spreading Chinese culture across the world,” said the Beijing News. A．This summer, even Americans are trying it. B．Most people like the special taste it produces. C．The way the dish is prepared also draws people’s attention. D．In China, people use garlic (蒜), vinegar (醋) and oil to make the cucumber tastier. E．Americans have expressed their opinions on the taste of this salad. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了拍黄瓜这道菜。 1．根据“According to the New York Times, smashed cucumber salad is ‘everywhere’ in New York. Some restaurants have even added the dish to their menus.”可知，拍黄瓜在纽约很流行，一些餐馆甚至将这道菜添加到了他们的菜单中。选项A“今年夏天，甚至美国人也在尝试这道菜”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“But American cooks are trying yogurt, honey, lemon and other common Western ingredients.”可知，美国厨师正在尝试用酸奶、蜂蜜、柠檬和其他常见的西餐食材来制作拍黄瓜。选项D“在中国，人们用大蒜、醋和油来使黄瓜更美味”符合语境，与后文形成对比。故选D。 3．根据“Why is this dish becoming so popular?”可知，此处应是解释这道菜如此受欢迎的原因。选项B“大多数人喜欢它产生的特殊味道”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“The cook smashes fresh cucumbers with the flat side of a knife. The strong smash makes the cucumbers different shapes and sizes. Then other ingredients can be added. Also, it takes only five minutes to make the salad.”可知，这里是介绍这道菜的准备方式。选项C“这道菜的准备方式也吸引了人们的注意”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁鞍山·期中） What’s your favorite sweet? There is nothing like chocolate. It is popular all over the world. Chocolate comes from a civilization (文明) called the Maya (玛雅). About 500 years ago, the Europeans found the Mayans. The Mayans had a special food called cocoa (可可豆). 1 For hundreds of years, only the rich could enjoy chocolate. This changed when Europeans started to make chocolate bars (棒) in the 19th century (世纪). 2 White, dark and milk chocolate are what people often eat. The biggest chocolate bar was made in Italy in 2011. It was as big as an elephant! Chocolate also comes in different shapes. 3 Chocolate eggs are popular at Easter (复活节): chocolate coins (硬币) are common at Christmas, and chocolate hearts are great gifts for Valentine’s Day (情人节). Many people say chocolate is bad for our health. But this is not always true. 4 Just don’t eat too much of it! A．They used cocoa to make chocolate. B．People often give these chocolates as holiday gifts. C．A study shows that eating too much chocolate can cause heart problems. D．Scientists say it is good for people’s hearts and can make people feel good. E．Chocolate comes in different colors and sizes. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巧克力的起源、发展、种类、形状以及它对健康的影响。 1．根据“The Mayans had a special food called cocoa (可可豆). ”可知，此处是在说明玛雅人有一种叫做可可豆的特殊食物，并且他们利用这种食物制作了巧克力。选项A“他们用可可豆制作巧克力”与之相符。故选A。 2．根据“White, dark and milk chocolate are what people often eat.”可知，此处是在说明巧克力有不同的颜色和种类。选项E“巧克力有不同的颜色和大小”与之相符。故选E。 3．根据“Chocolate eggs are popular at Easter (复活节): chocolate coins (硬币) are common at Christmas, and chocolate hearts are great gifts for Valentine’s Day (情人节).”可知，此处是在说明巧克力常作为节日礼物赠送。选项B“人们经常把这些巧克力作为节日礼物”与之相符。故选B。 4．根据“Many people say chocolate is bad for our health. But this is not always true.”以及“Just don’t eat too much of it!”可知，此处是在讨论巧克力对健康的影响，指出虽然很多人认为巧克力对健康有害，但这并不总是正确的，适量食用是有益的。选项D“科学家说它对人们的心脏有好处，能让人们感觉良好”与之相符。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） Parents usually don’t let their children cook. They think it’s dangerous for children to do it. 1 They can do some easy cooking work such as doing the dishes and washing vegetables. Cooking makes children smart In some cooking activities, children can choose and decide what things to put in a dish or how much salt to put in a dish (菜肴). That’s a great way to make them think actively. At the same time, they can learn how to serve their friends by cooking themselves. They can also learn to eat healthily. Cooking teaches children to feel how things change When helping cook in the kitchen, children can touch some different ingredients (食材), and they can also see how food changes by temperature. 2 Cooking makes children confident When children learn to cook, they usually feel that they have grown up, and they can do something for their family members. 3 So cooking is well worth (值得) learning. Cooking teaches children cultures 4 When cooking different kinds of foods, children can also learn about different cultures. Also, children can learn some traditional eating cultures by cooking. A．It’s easy for them to get life experience. B．They can think about it over and over again. C．They can cook a great dinner to show their love. D．However, scientists say it’s good for children. E．Cooking in one culture is quite different from that in another. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文主要探讨了父母通常认为让孩子做饭很危险，但科学家认为烹饪对孩子的成长有多方面的好处。 1．根据上文“Parents usually don’t let their children cook. They think it’s dangerous for children to do it.”和下文“They can do some easy cooking work...”可知，此处需要一个转折句，说明尽管父母认为危险，但科学家持相反观点，选项D“然而，科学家说这对孩子有好处。”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据上文“When helping cook in the kitchen, children can touch some different ingredients (食材), and they can also see how food changes by temperature.”可知，触摸到食材以及看到食物跟随温度的变化能增加孩子的生活经验，选项A“他们很容易获得生活经验。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“...and they can do something for their family members.”可知，为家人做饭属于为家庭成员做事，选项C“他们可以做一顿丰盛的晚餐来表达他们的爱。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据小标题“Cooking teaches children cultures”可知，此处提及烹饪和文化的关系，选项E“一种文化中的烹饪与另一种文化中的烹饪有很大的不同。”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁阜新·期中） Chinese people are among the most hospitable (热情好客的) people in the world. They are happy to invite you to visit their home. 1 As a welcome, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will offer you snacks like nuts or candy. 2 They will never let you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members of the home will cook a meal for you. Chinese people treat (招待) their guests with a big dinner. 3 On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. And the host usually picks food for the guests. They make sure that you enjoy eating like you are at home. As you finish the meal, the host will usually say, “You didn’t eat much. 4 ” Although you tell them you have had enough, they will still put more food in your bowl. Does your family welcome guests like this? A．Someone in the home will also talk with you. B．Please eat more. C．You always feel their warmth at their home. D．They like to visit your home. E．They always cook more food than a guest can eat. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国人的好客和热情。 1．根据“They are happy to invite you to visit their home.”可知，此处提到他们很乐意邀请你参观他们的家，选项C“你总是能在家里感受到他们的温暖。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“They will never let you feel lonely.”可知，此处提到不会让你感到孤独，选线A“家里的人也会和你说话。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Chinese people treat (招待) their guests with a big dinner.”可知，此处提到中国人用丰盛的晚餐招待客人，选项E“他们做的菜总是比客人能吃的多。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“You didn’t eat much.”可知，此处是主人认为客人没有吃好，选项B“请多吃点。”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 5 （23-24八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） After 106 years, the Antarctic Heritage Trust (南极遗产信托机构) found Captain Scott’s fruitcake and it still “smelled delicious”. Then the news raises a question: Are there other foods that have similar staying power (力)? 1 Honey Honey can be kept for a very long time. 2 So bacteria (细菌) cannot grow in it. Although honey can go cloudy when opened as the sugars draw in water again, this can be changed by simply warming the honey. Soy sauce (酱油) 3 Since it has a lot of salt and is fermented (发酵), if it is unopened, it could be kept long and well. Once opened, how long it will last depends on the temperature it is kept at. Sugar and salt Many of the foods that last for a long time are high in sugar and salt. In fact, they draw water out. So they will create a condition (条件) without water in which bacteria can’t grow. This is why we use salt to make ham (火腿) and sugar to make jam (果酱). Now people have known that there are other kinds of foods, like vinegar and beans, that can be kept for a long time. 4 That’s because they contain (包含) things that bacteria love, such as water. So they can only be kept for a short time. A．The answer is: yes, several. B．But most foods do not last very long. C．The more water it has, the shorter it is kept. D．That’s because it’s low in water and high in sugar. E．Usually soy sauce can be kept for at least three years. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南极遗产信托机构发现保存106年的水果蛋糕后，探讨了其他具有类似长久保存能力的食物，如蜂蜜、酱油、糖和盐等，并解释了它们能够长期保存的科学原理。 1．根据“Then the news raises a question: are there other foods that have similar staying power?”可知，此处在询问是否还有其他食物具有类似的保存能力，需要一个回答问题的句子。选项A“答案是肯定的，有好几种。”直接回答了问题，符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“Honey can be kept for a very long time.”可知，蜂蜜可以保存很长时间。其后需要解释原因。选项D“这是因为蜂蜜水分少、含糖量高。”科学解释了蜂蜜能长期保存的原因，且与后文“So bacteria cannot grow in it.”逻辑连贯。故选D。 3．根据“Soy sauce”部分，空缺处需补充酱油能长期保存的具体信息。选项E“酱油通常至少可以保存三年。”与后文“if it is unopened, it could be kept long and well”形成具体补充。故选E。 4．根据“Now people have known that there are other kinds of foods… that can be kept for a long time.”可知，现在人们知道还有其他可以长期保存的食物。后需转折说明大多数食物无法长期保存。选项B“但大多数食物不能保存很久。”与后文“That’s because they contain… water”形成对比，解释原因。故选B。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） Michelle has found that more than 25% students are too fat in her country. It is a very serious problem. 1 The health programme is to reduce (减少) the number of fat students today and future. 2 They will deal with the students’ obesity (肥胖) so that students will be at a healthier weight. The programme suggests (建议): Food stores should sell healthier food. Schools should give healthier meals with less fat and should also offer more sports classes. Parents should pay attention (关注) to their children’s health. The lady is trying to fight the students’ obesity all over the country because it can cause illnesses and higher health cost. 3 She also wants students to understand it is important to have less sweet food, and drink water, milk and fresh juice, but not to choose cola. At the same time she has also set a good example by planting vegetables in the garden. She hopes that the garden will encourage more people to plant vegetables by themselves. 4 As she says, we cannot always build the future for young people, but we can build young people for the future. Young people play an important role in the development of the society (社会). If they can have a healthy body, they will make greater contribution (贡献). Therefore, schools and parents should do their best to keep young people healthy. A．So she starts a health programme to deal with it. B．She wants to teach the students how to plant vegetables in the garden. C．She wants students to eat right, exercise more and control their weight. D．The programme will get families, schools, newspapers and TVs to join together. E．The health programme is really helpful to the students today and in the future. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文主要讲述了Michelle发现她所在国家超过25%的学生过于肥胖，这是一个非常严重的问题，为此她启动了一个健康计划，旨在减少当前和未来肥胖学生的数量。 1．根据“The health programme is to reduce (减少) the number of fat students today and future.”可知，此处提到了健康计划的主要目的，选项A“所以她开始了一项健康计划来应对它。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“They will deal with the students’ obesity (肥胖)”可知，此处提到这些人会处理学生的肥胖问题，选项D“该计划将让家庭、学校、报纸和电视联合起来。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“She also wants students to understand it is important to have less sweet food, and drink water, milk and fresh juice, but not to choose cola.”可知，此处是对学生的另一点要求，选项C“她希望学生们吃得健康，多锻炼，控制体重。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“As she says, we cannot always build the future for young people, but we can build young people for the future.”可知，下文是总结为未来塑造年轻人，选项E“健康计划对今天和未来的学生都很有帮助。”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 7 （24-25八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） Developing physical education means trying to help more young people to live healthier lives not only now, but also in their future. 1 Play different sports. Kids should take part in lots of activities such as running jumping and throwing in places like parks or playgrounds. 2 It also builds confidence in different sports, whether playing by themselves or with others. 3 Activities should include interesting or enjoyable games. Adults should encourage kids to take part in them. Parents or teachers can help kids want to learn new skills. Of course, enjoyment is more important than winning. Also, it is quite important to have a relaxing environment where every kid feels included. Learn step by step. 4 If adults explain games clearly and show them how to do them step by step kids can learn at their own speed (进度). When kids can experience movements by themselves, they can build confidence and become more independent. Give hopeful feedback (反馈). Adults should encourage kids, no matter how they perform. Simple words like “well done” or “great job” make kids feel great, and then kids would love to keep trying. A．This helps them learn many skills. B．This reminds them of their parents. C．Have fun in playing. D．Adults should break skills into small steps. E．Adults like parents and teachers can help kids in many ways. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了助力更多年轻人过上健康生活，发展体育教育的相关内容。 1．根据“Developing physical education means trying to help more young people to live healthier lives not only now, but also in their future.”可知，此处整体阐述发展体育教育对年轻人健康生活的意义，接下来应是引出能起到帮助作用的相关主体，选项E“像父母和老师这样的成年人可以在很多方面帮助孩子。”符合语境，引出后文成年人助力孩子发展体育教育等内容。故选E。 2．根据“Kids should take part in lots of activities such as running jumping and throwing in places like parks or playgrounds...It also builds confidence in different sports, whether playing by themselves or with others.”可知，孩子们参加各种活动的作用，选项A“这帮助他们学习很多技能。”符合语境，说明参加活动能让孩子学到技能。故选A。 3．根据“Activities should include interesting or enjoyable games. Adults should encourage kids to take part in them. Parents or teachers can help kids want to learn new skills. Of course, enjoyment is more important than winning.”可知，此段强调活动要有趣，享受过程比获胜更重要，选项C“在玩耍中获得乐趣。”符合语境，概括了此段主旨。故选C。 4．根据“Learn step by step.”以及“If adults explain games clearly and show them how to do them step by step kids can learn at their own speed (进度).”可知，此段围绕循序渐进学习展开，选项D“成年人应该把技能分解成小步骤。”符合语境，引出后文成年人清晰讲解、逐步示范让孩子按自己进度学习的内容。故选D。 主题06 人与社会——人际交往 Passage 1 （25-26八年级下·辽宁鞍山·开学考试） Adolescence (青春期) is a difficult time for teenagers. It takes place when you are aged between thirteen and nineteen. 1 You may go through some changes. For example, you used to be happiest in the company of your parents. But now you need your own space and some privacy. In the past, your parents made most decisions for you, but now you want to decide things for yourself. 2 But it is important to remember that they will affect (影响) your relationship with your parents. So what can you do to make life easier and make sure that you stay on good terms with your parents? Firstly, your parents will feel much better if you let them know that you still love and value them. Remember that they have forever lost the little child you once were. They may not say so, but they are probably feeling a sense of loss. Secondly, try to agree with your family rules. You may feel these are unnecessary, but your parents’ main concern (顾虑) is just to keep you safe. 3 It may feel like a nuisance (麻烦事) to remember to phone them and let them know where you are, but make the effort anyway. Thirdly, try to understand why they might be angry with your behavior. Do your parents get cross if you spend hours playing video games and leave your homework till the last minute? That’s because they want you to do well at school. 4 Keep talking to your parents, tell them about what you did today, let them know where you are going, and ask for advice if you need it. The more disconnected they feel, the more distrustful and controlling they tend to become. A．Finally, it’s all about communication! B．All these changes are perfectly normal (正常的). C．As your body changes, you also begin to think and feel differently. D．Anyway, you should always listen to them carefully. E．Once you have agreed with the rules, try to stick to them. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．A 【导语】本文围绕青少年青春期的身心变化展开，给出了与父母和谐相处的具体建议，强调沟通、理解与遵守规则的重要性。 1．前文介绍青春期的时间范围，后文开始列举青春期的变化（需要独立空间、自主决策）。选项C承上启下，引出身心变化的主题，与后文举例逻辑连贯。 2．前文列举了一系列变化，后文用But转折，强调这些变化会影响亲子关系。选项B先肯定变化的合理性，再引出后文的注意事项，符合“先安抚再提醒”的行文逻辑。 3．本段主题是“遵守家庭规则”，前文提到try to agree with your family rules，后文则具体说明要坚持做到告知行踪。选项E承接“同意规则”，引出“坚持遵守”的要求，与后文内容紧密衔接。 4．前文已经给出Firstly、Secondly、Thirdly三条建议，本段是最后一条，且核心是沟通。选项A既符合序列逻辑，又点明本段主题，与后文Keep talking to your parents呼应。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry? Don’t worry. 1 Find the common interests between you and your parents. For example, if you and your dad both like playing basketball, you can watch one game together and talk about it. You can find the conversation easier. Try to start a dinnertime talk with your parents. Ask your parents about their day, and they will open up to you more easily. Don’t forget that you should open up to them, too. 2 Besides, it’s also a good idea to share something, like the new movies. Soon, all of you will have a good conversation. 3 Eye contact (n.交流) is necessary. Don’t be bored, or they may stop talking and walk away. Let them know you’re listening. 4 As a result, there will be a warm conversation between you and your parents. In a word, if you see them as your friends, it’s easy to get along well with your parents. A．Tell them what happened at school. B．Here is some advice about how to talk to your parents. C．If you listen patiently, they’ll be interested in talking to you. D．Look at your parents when you talk. E．Most parents will do this as long as they live. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了青少年如何和父母相处的建议。 1．根据“Do you feel nervous when you talk to your parents? Do you easily make them angry”可知本文主要介绍了青少年如何和父母相处的建议，选项B“这里是一些如何与父母交谈的建议”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Don’t forget that you should open up to them, too”可知你也要向他们敞开心扉，选项A“告诉他们学校里发生的事”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Eye contact (n.交流) is necessary”可知眼神交流是必要的，选项D“说话时看着父母”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“Let them know you’re listening”可知此处介绍倾听的重要性，选项C“如果你耐心倾听，他们会更愿意和你交谈”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁丹东·期末） How to Calm Down an Angry Person You may have made someone angry because of your carelessness when you grow up. If you don’t want to solve it face to face, maybe the message can be a good helper. 1 Though maybe he or she treats you in a rude way, it’s very important to make yourself calm, so the thing won’t be worse because of your anger. And keeping calm is the necessary step for the next. Find out the reasons. 2 If you’re not sure of the reasons, you might send the message, “Could you tell me what I did or said made you feel so bad?” Offer a good solution. Perhaps your roommate (室友) at the apartment is not happy that you have left him to clean the room for a long time. Just send him a message, “I am sweeping the floor at the apartment. 3 ” Think twice before you send your message. 4 Try not to say one word or letter, which is easy to be thought as bad words. A．Keep yourself calm. B．Give him some personal time and space. C．Maybe when you come back, we can talk about it. D．After knowing them, you can find a good way to solve it. E．It is quite easy to say something bad when both of you are unhappy. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文介绍了通过发信息来安抚生气的人时的几个有效步骤，包括保持冷静、找出原因、提供解决办法以及发送前的注意事项。 1．根据“Though maybe he or she treat you in a rude way, it’s very important to make yourself calm”可知，此处先强调保持冷静的重要性，选项A“保持冷静”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“Find out the reasons.”以及“If you’re not sure of the reasons…”可知，此处应说明找到原因后可以解决问题。选项D“知道原因后，就能找到解决的方法”衔接自然。故选D。 3．根据前文的情景“Perhaps your roommate…is not happy that you have left him to clean the room”可知，应给出解决办法并邀请对方沟通，选项C“也许等你回来，我们可以谈一谈”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Think twice before you send your message.”可知，此处是提醒不要说出不当的话。选项E“当你们都不高兴时，很容易说出不好的话”契合语境。故选E。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） As we grow up, we communicate with others more often. Do you have difficulty getting on with others? Do you know communication skills are very important in our lives? 1 They can help us understand each other easily. No 1. Be good listeners. As the saying goes, “We have one mouth and two ears, so we should listen twice as much as we speak.” Each of us should listen more to others. 2 When we can be good listeners, we can get close to each other. No 2. 3 In this way, you can express yourself better. When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood. No 3. Think from others’ point of view (观点). 4 And try to understand their ideas and thoughts. It can make the communication more successful. Besides, you can make others feel more comfortable. A．Use your body language properly. B．Here are some communication skills. C．Put yourself in the other person’s shoes. D．Never stop them till they finish their talk. E．We should always talk with others politely. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了随着我们的成长，我们经常与他人交流，重点介绍了三个沟通技巧。 1．根据下一句“They can help us understand each other easily.”可知，是在说前文提到的沟通技巧可以帮助我们轻松地相互理解。选项B“以下是一些沟通技巧。”引起下文，符合语境。故选B。 2．根据前一句“Each of us should listen more to others.”可知，是在建议我们每个人都应该多听别人的。选项D“在他们结束谈话之前，永远不要阻止他们。”承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 3．根据下文“When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using expressions. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood.”可知，是在建议使用表情和肢体语言表达自己。选项A“正确使用你的肢体语言。”统领全段，符合语境。故选A。 4．根据下一句“And try to understand their ideas and thoughts.”可知，是在建议试着理解他们的想法和想法。选项C“设身处地为他人着想。”引起下文，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 5 （23-24八年级下·辽宁葫芦岛·期中） Do you understand your parents? It is difficult for many teenagers to understand them and deal with the relationshıps with their parents. 1 ▲Respect (尊敬) is the first thing. It is important to show respect to your parents. 2 So, you may not know that they are under great pressure with their work. ▲Trust is a must. You should trust your parents as they trust you. If you learn how to trust, your life will be much easier. Show them that you have the right to make your own decisions. ▲ 3 When you have arguments, you’d better communicate with your parents and show them that you have the right to make your own decisions. ▲ Company (陪伴) is of great importance. Just as children need their parents’ company, parents also need company. 4 If not, just try it now. Company is a good way to drive away the black clouds hanging over your family. Why don’t you try your best to care about each other? A．You don’t experience your parents’ lives. B．Have you tried to comfort (安慰) your parents when they felt sad? C．Communication is a good solution. D．But you can make it easier by using the following tips. E．Your parents give all their love to you. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何更好地理解父母。 1．根据“It is difficult for many teenagers to understand them and deal with the relationships with their parents”以及下文内容可知，本文介绍了如何更好地理解父母，选项D“但你可以通过以下技巧让它变得更容易”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“So, you may not know that they are under great pressure with their work.”可知你可能不知道他们的工作压力很大，因为你没有经历父母的生活，选项A“你没有经历过你父母的生活”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“When you have arguments, you’d better communicate with your parents and show them that you have the right to make your own decisions.”可知要和父母交流，选项C“沟通是一个很好的解决方案”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Just as children need their parents’ company, parents also need company”可知正如孩子需要父母的陪伴一样，父母也需要陪伴，选项B“当你的父母感到悲伤时，你有没有试着安慰他们”符合语境。故选B。 主题07 人与社会——文学、艺术、体育 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） In November 1979, children in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey. Most of them were hearing this story for the first time. 1 The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the main character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West. The Monkey King is not just any common monkey. 2 This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects (物品). But unless (除非) he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a man. 3 Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. At other times, he is able to make it big and long. The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, 4 That’s because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up. A．The Monkey King is very brave and clever. B．However, this story is not new to Chinese children. C．In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey! D．To fight bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. E．Western children also became interested in reading this story. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．E 【导语】本文介绍了《西游记》中的主要角色——孙悟空及其深受中外儿童喜欢的原因。 1．根据下文“The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the main character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West.”可知，孙悟空是中国传统名著《西游记》中的主角。所以，中国孩子应该非常熟悉这一人物角色；选项B“然而，这个故事对中国孩子来说并不新鲜。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“The Monkey King is not just any common monkey.”和下文“This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.”可知，孙悟空并不是普通的猴子，他可以对自己的形状和大小进行72次改变，把自己变成不同的动物和物体；选项C“事实上，他有时甚至看起来都不像猴子！”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据下文“Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. At other times, he is able to make it big and long.”可知，是在叙述孙悟空使用魔法棒的情况；选项D“为了对抗坏人，孙悟空用了一根魔法棒。”引起下文，符合语境。故选D。 4．根据下文“That’s because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up.”可知，因为聪明的孙悟空一直在战斗，帮助弱者，从不放弃，是在说明孩子们对这个故事感兴趣的原因；选项E“西方的孩子们也对阅读这个故事产生了兴趣。”引起下文，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁盘锦·期中） Once, there was a shepherd (牧羊人). One night, he found some wild sheep joined his herd (牧群). He was very happy and hoped these wild sheep wouldn’t leave. It snowed that night. The next morning, the shepherd couldn’t take his sheep to the mountains. Instead, he had to feed them inside. 1 But he gave more of the food to the wild sheep. He thought the extra (额外的) food would stop them from leaving. It snowed for several days. During that time, the shepherd’s sheep ate very little. 2 At last, the snow stopped, and the shepherd took all the sheep out. As soon as they got to the foot of the mountain, the wild sheep started to run away. “Wait! 3 Why do you run away?” the shepherd shouted. One wild sheep stopped and said to him, “We’re leaving because you fed us better than your own sheep. 4 Yesterday, you were kind to us, but tomorrow you might be different. If more wild sheep join your herd, you will give us less food, too.” The shepherd finally realized his mistake. He was sorry that he didn’t take good care of his own sheep. A．I look after you so well. B．You were trying to cheat us. C．He gave a little food to his own sheep. D．The wild sheep, however, ate very well. E．The wild sheep felt bored and wanted to play outside. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲了牧羊人因给野羊更多食物而冷落自己的羊，最终野羊因担心被区别对待逃离，他才意识到自己的错误。 1．根据“But he gave more of the food to the wild sheep.”可知，牧羊人给了自己的羊较少的食物，而给了野羊更多食物。选项C“他把少量食物分给自己的羊”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“During that time, the shepherd’s sheep ate very little.”可知，野羊的待遇与之不同。选项D“然而，野羊吃得很好”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Wait!”和“Why do you run away?”可知，牧羊人对野羊逃跑的行为感到不解，并试图挽留。选项A“我把你照顾得这么好”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“We’re leaving because you fed us better than your own sheep.”可知，野羊认为牧羊人的偏爱并非出于善意，而是别有用心。选项B“你是在欺骗我们”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 （25-26八年级下·辽宁盘锦·开学考试） Tom and Jerry Tom the cat and Jerry the mouse are two of the most popular cartoon characters in the world. In the short cartoons, Tom is always trying to catch Jerry. 1 Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at him. The stories are full of fun and have a long history. 2 In the late 1930s, as MGM planned to make funny cartoons, William Hanna and Joseph Barbara thought of the idea of a cat and a mouse together. They thought it would be funny if the mouse was clever and always got the cat into trouble. At first, Hanna and Barbara named the cat and mouse Jasper and Jinx. But MGM wasn’t satisfied (满意) with the names. So they put the names with the pictures in the newspaper for advice. 3 Finally, most people chose Tom and Jerry as their names. The first Tom and Jerry cartoon appeared in cinemas in 1940. It was a great success over the next 17 years, Hanna and Barbara made 114 Tom and Jerry cartoons. Most of them are around seven minutes long. 4 Children can still see them on television around the world. A．The famous cat and mouse are popular today. B．A lot of readers play a role in deciding their names. C．The people behind the cute cartoon characters are Hanna and Barbara D．These cartoons are not popular any more. E．But he is never successful. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《猫和老鼠》的创作背景、角色特点等。 1．根据“In the short cartoons, Tom is always trying to catch Jerry.”和“Almost every cartoon ends with Tom in trouble and Jerry laughing at him.”前文说“Tom总想抓Jerry。”；后文说“每集都有追逐打闹。”可知，此处是说他从没有成功抓到过，E选项“但是他从没有成功。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“In the late 1930s, as MGM planned to make funny cartoons, William Hanna and Joseph Barbara thought of the idea of a cat and a mouse together.”可知，下文介绍的是卡通人物的创作者，此处应该引出其创作者，C选项“这些可爱卡通人物的创作者是Hanna和Barbara。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“So they put the names with the pictures in the newspaper for advice.”和“Finally, most people chose Tom and Jerry as their names.”前文说“他们把名字和照片一起登在报纸上征求意见。”；后文说“最后，大多数人选择了Tom和Jerry作为他们的名字。”可知，B选项“很多读者在决定他们的名字时都发挥了作用。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Most of them are around seven minutes long.”和“Children can still see them on television around the world.”可知，世界各地的孩子们仍在看他们，说明猫和老鼠到现在还受欢迎，A选项“著名的猫和老鼠如今很受欢迎。”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Animations (动画片) bring stories to life through moving pictures. The process starts with ideas and scripts. Artists then create characters and scenes. 1 Next, they draw thousands of frames (帧) by hand or use computers. Finally, sound effects and music are added to complete the work. Cartoons and animated movies have a long history. In the 1930s, Walt Disney made the first full-color animation. 2 Today, studios like Pixar use 3D technology to make films more vivid. 3 For example, Spider-Man first appeared in comic books in 1962. Its brave hero quickly won kids’ love. Later, it became a popular cartoon. Animations help people visit amazing places in our minds. People love animations, so they watch them a lot. More people watching means more money for making new ones. 4 A．Reading paper books is still popular today. B．Comic books often give ideas to animation makers. C．Snow White was his most famous early work. D．This helps it continue to grow quickly. E．After that, they decide how each scene will move. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了动画片的制作过程，回顾了动画的历史，阐述了漫画书对动画制作的启发，以及人们对动画的喜爱如何促进动画产业发展。 1．根据“Artists then create characters and scenes.”和“Next, they draw thousands of frames (帧) by hand or use computers.”可知，前文讲了创作角色和场景，后文讲述下一步绘制帧，E选项“之后，他们决定每个场景将如何移动”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“In the 1930s, Walt Disney made the first full-color animation.”可知，前文提到华特·迪士尼制作了第一部全彩动画。C选项“《白雪公主》是他早期最著名的作品”符合题意。故选C。 3．根据“For example, Spider-Man first appeared in comic books in 1962... Later, it became a popular cartoon.”可知，后文以蜘蛛侠为例，说明漫画书角色发展成动画。B选项“漫画书常给动画制作者提供创意”符合题意。故选B。 4．根据“More people watching means more money for making new ones.”可知，前文讲更多人观看动画意味着有更多资金制作新动画。D选项“这有助于它继续快速发展”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） On the 10th of February, 2024, the first day of the Chinese New Year of the Loong, the Puning Nanshan Yingge Dance team appeared at the London landmark—Burlington Arcade in London, UK, as an important part of the “Happy Chinese New Year” series (系列) of activities. 1 Yingge Dance, or “Hero’s Song”, a kind of folk (民间音乐) , is still popular today in the Chaoshan area in Guangdong. The name Yingge has very special meanings in Chinese. 2 Some say it comes from Nuoxi Opera performed in different parts of southern China. Others believe it is from Yangge Dance performed in northern China. Large groups of dancers jump up and down with each hand holding short wooden sticks. 3 And they also believe that a Yingge Dance performance brings “good luck”. 4 At the same time, it also got much attention on the Internet. One video of Chen Kaiming, became famous online because of his role as “Shi Qian”, a hero in Shui Hu Zhuan. A．They sent their new year wishes to people there. B．Many people think it’s difficult to learn this special dance. C．People always see Yingge Dance as the symbol of happiness. D．“Ying” means “hero” and “ge” has the same meaning as “song”. E．Many visitors came to Guangdong to watch the dance during the Spring Festival. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英歌舞的文化背景、表演形式及其在国内外的影响。 1．根据“the Puning Nanshan Yingge Dance team appeared at the London landmark Burlington Arcade in London, UK, as an important part of the ‘Happy Chinese New Year’ series of activities.”可知，普宁南山英歌舞蹈队亮相英国伦敦地标。选项A“他们把新年祝福送给那里的人们。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“The name Yingge has very special meanings in Chinese.”可知，英歌这个名字在汉语中有着非常特殊的含义。选项D“‘英’的意思是‘英雄’，‘歌’的意思与‘颂’相同。”符合语境。故选D。 3． 根据“And they also believe that a Yingge Dance performance brings ‘good luck’.”可知，他们还相信英歌表演能带来“好运”，能让人们感到幸福。选项C“人们总是把英歌视为幸福的象征。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“At the same time, it also got much attention on the Internet.”可知，英歌舞也在互联网上引起了广泛关注，说明其很受欢迎。选项E“春节期间，许多游客来到广东观看这种特殊的舞蹈。”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·辽宁锦州·期中） Have you ever watched Ne Zha 2? 1 . It became the first film to make billions of US dollars in China. 2 . It follows Ne Zha on another adventure (冒险). Ne Zha, a young hero, faces great challenges (挑战). A new and mysterious (神秘的) enemy (敌人) appears. Ne Zha and his friends decide to fight against him. My favorite part about Ne Zha 2 is the character. 3 The new characters in the movie are fantastic. The pictures in the movie are eye-catching (引人注目的). The animators (动画家) used the latest technology (技术) to create breathtaking scenes (令人惊叹的场景). The mythical (神话的) lands are full of strange and wonderful. Ne Zha’s unique (独一无二的) weapons (武器), like the Wind-Fire Wheels and Red Armillary Sash, light up the screen with bright colors. All in all, Ne Zha 2 is an excellent movie. It brings traditional Chinese myths (神话) to life in a new and exciting way. For the Chinese industry, Ne Zha 2 is a big step forward. It shows the great Chinese animated films. 4 In the future, we hope to see more great Chinese films. They can make a great difference to the world’s film industry. A．Ne Zha never gives up when things seem hopeless (没有希望). B．The movie uses the latest technology to create beautiful scenes. C．It tells a meaningful story. D．It also encourages more Chinese filmmakers make high-quality (质量) films. E．It was a great success. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了《哪吒2》自2025年春节上映以来取得的巨大成功。 1．根据下文“It became the first film to make billions of US dollars in China.”可知，此处应该是说电影的成功，选项E“它大获成功。”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据下文“It follows Ne Zha on another adventure.”可知，此处应该是介绍电影的故事内容，选项C“它讲述了一个有意义的故事。”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据上文“My favorite part about Ne Zha 2 is the character.”及下文“The new characters in the movie are fantastic.”可知，此处应该是说角色特点，选项A“哪吒在看似无望时从不放弃。”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“For the Chinese industry, Ne Zha 2 is a big step forward.”及下文“In the future, we hope to see more great Chinese films.”可知，此处应该是说电影对行业的影响，选项D“它也鼓励更多中国电影人制作高质量电影。”符合语境，故选D。 主题08人与社会——旅行 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁铁岭·期中） You may be too busy to notice the wonderful world where you live. Taking time to know your own town or city can help you see it in a new way. With the warm weather outside, now is a good time to go exploring (探索) with a trusted adult. 1 Act like a tourist. Many times, when you live in a place, you never really explore some of the most exciting parts like a tourist. Start by asking yourself this question: 2 Maybe you can visit a historic (历史的) building, a nice park, or a new ice cream store. Consider local attractions (当地的景点). First, do some research online and talk to an adult about where to go. 3 A local museum or zoo might have a new show. You might also head to a national park for a hike. 4 With an adult’s guide, look up walking tours for a whole new way to explore your city. Some cities offer walking tours about a theme, like food or local parks. Take a photography (摄影) walk. Pick a theme for your photos, like special dishes, local waterways, or lovely birds. And at the end of the day, you can look back on all your explorations. A．Find out a guided tour. B．Here is how to get started. C．Then try to think about which place is the best to explore. D．If I have never been to the town before, when is the best time to explore? E．If my friends came to town for the first time, where would I advise them to go? 【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何以游客的视角重新探索自己生活的城市，并给出了具体建议（如模仿游客行为、关注当地景点、参加导览步行和摄影漫步等）。 1．根据首段“Taking time...with a trusted adult”可知，此处需引出下文的探索方法。选项B“以下是开始的方法”能自然衔接上下文，符合开篇引入逻辑，符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Act like a tourist”部分的问题“Start by asking yourself this question”可知，需填入一个游客视角的提问。选项E“如果朋友初次来访，我会推荐哪里？”贴合“模仿游客”的主题，且与后文“visit a historic building...”的建议形成问答逻辑，符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“Consider local attractions”部分的“do some research...where to go”可知，此处需承接“研究后”的行动。选项C“然后思考哪个地方最适合探索”与上文“研究目的地”形成连贯步骤（先研究→再选择），符合语境。故选C。 4．根据后文“look up walking tours...to explore your city”可知，此处需提及“导览步行”的具体方式。选项A“找一个导游团”直接对应下文的“walking tours”，且与“with an adult’s guide”呼应，符合语境。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） The Yellow River is the hometown of Chinese civilization (文明). Xi’an is located on the banks of the Wei River, which is the largest tributary (支流) of the Yellow River. Xi’an is known as China’s capital for 13 dynasties. Back when Beijing was still a small-time northern town, Xi’an was the place of a set of dynastic capitals. 1 Its founder, Qin Shihuang, ordered the creation of Terracotta Warrios (兵马俑) which is one of China’s most popular places for tourists. Xi’an has had many names in the history. 2 It reached the height of glory (辉煌) during the Tang Dynasty. Both of the economy and culture of the Tang Dynasty got a greater development. The city still reminds visitors of Tang times. 3 People are familiar with the Li Bai and Du Fu. They left us a great deal of cultural wealth. Downtown Xi’an is a wonderful place for people around the world to spend time in. 4 For example, the ancient Giant wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔) is surrounded (围绕) by tall buildings. People can experience the time of past and present in them. A．Chang’an is the most well-known one in them. B．It is the capital of the Qin which is the first dynasty to unite China. C．Xi’an is a key city in the country’s effort to develop its west. D．There are many ancient buildings among modern buildings. E．A large number of outstanding poets appeared during the period. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．E 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西安作为中国历史名城的重要地位、历史变迁及其文化特色。 1．根据“Its founder, Qin Shihuang, ordered the creation of Terracotta Warrios (兵马俑) which is one of China’s most popular places for tourists.”可推知，此处需补充秦朝定都西安的背景，选项B“它是秦的首都，秦是第一个统一中国的王朝。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Xi’an has had many names in the history.”并结合选项可知，此处需补充西安的历史名称，选项A“长安是其中最著名的一个。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“People are familiar with the Li Bai and Du Fu. They left us a great deal of cultural wealth.”并结合选项可推知，此处需补充唐朝诗人辈出的背景，选项E“这一时期出现了大批杰出的诗人。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“For example, the ancient Giant wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔) is surrounded (围绕) by tall buildings.”可推知，此处需描述西安古今建筑交融的特点，选项D“现代建筑中有许多古建筑。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） You know a siheyuan in China? 1 Those siheyuan in Beijing are the most typical (典型的) ones. There are thousands of siheyuan in Beijing of very high historic and cultural value, not just a few. 2 There are usually four buildings around the yard. Usually, one siheyuan can be for one big family to live in. The siheyuan follows Confucian (儒家的) ideas of showing respect for the elderly. The northern house gets the most sunshine. The main house facing south is for the elders to live. The east and west houses are for the second generations (一代人) and their children. People want all the family members to enjoy a happy life together. 3 Living in a siheyuan helps to keep every family member close. 4 They enjoy living together because they can share laughs and cries in the same yard. A．A siheyuan has a big square courtyard (庭院) in its centre. B．So the siheyuan usually has only one main gate, which means the unity (团结) of the family. C．Yes, a siheyuan is a kind of traditional home for Chinese people. D．As time goes on, the siheyuan is now a big neighbourhood for many different families E．Living in a siheyuan is happy. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的四合院文化。 1．根据“You know a siheyuan in China?”可知此处引出四合院的概念，选项C“是的，四合院是中国人的一种传统房屋”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“There are usually four buildings around the yard”可知此处介绍四合院的构造，且和院子有关，选项A“四合院的中心有一个大的方形庭院”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“People want all the family members to enjoy a happy life together.”可知人们希望所有的家庭成员一起享受幸福的生活，选项B“因此，四合院通常只有一个正门，这意味着家庭的团结”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“They enjoy living together because they can share laughs and cries in the same yard”可知四合院里的人喜欢住在一起，因为他们可以在同一个院子里分享欢笑和哭泣，选项D“随着时间的推移，四合院现在是许多不同家庭的大社区”符合语境。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·月考） Harbin has become the brightest star of tourism (旅游业) in China. It has spared no effort to show sincerity (真诚) and creativity to make tourists from all over the world pleased. “Erbin” has become a nickname for it among Internet users. 1 Firstly, Harbin has a history of more than thirty years of celebrating the Ice and Snow Festival. 2 Coupled with a good business environment and service standards, Harbin’s popularity is not surprising. Secondly, facing problems sincerely is one of the keys for Harbin’s tourism to be successful. Last year, on the first day of the opening, the Harbin Ice and Snow World welcomed 40,000 tourists. Due to the long waiting time, some people shouted “refunding” (退款) there. The park apologized (道歉) to the tourists and refunded them the money soon. 3 Thirdly, Harbin tried its best to make sure the tourists would have fun there. They could enjoy the hot air balloon, the artificial moon, the penguins, and the performance of the Oroqen ethnic minority people and their reindeer (驯鹿). There, everything was planned perfectly. 4 There, you could get warm drinks for free. Frozen pears, a local specialty, were cut into the shapes of flowers so that tourists could enjoy them conveniently. Besides the fun activities and the delicious food, the local government took many other measures (方法) to give the tourists great travel experiences. One hotel worker told reporters that it requires hotels not to raise prices during the travel season. Harbin can provide whatever tourists want. A．What do tourists like to do in Harbin? B．And it took action immediately to improve its service. C．It has rich ice and snow tourism resources. D．Why is Harbin’s tourism so successful? E．If you were not used to the cold weather, you could go into heated rooms to rest. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．E 【导语】本文主要介绍了哈尔滨旅游业成功的三大原因：丰富的冰雪资源、真诚解决问题的态度以及完善的游客服务。 1．根据“‘Erbin’ has become a nickname for it among Internet users.”和“Firstly, Harbin has a history of more than thirty years of celebrating the Ice and Snow Festival.”可知，此处应填入一句能引出下文哈尔滨受欢迎的原因的句子。选项D“为什么哈尔滨的旅游业如此成功？”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“Harbin has a history of more than thirty years of celebrating the Ice and Snow Festival.”和“Coupled with a good business environment”可知，此处与冰和雪有关。选项C“它有丰富的冰雪旅游资源。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“The park apologized (道歉) to the tourists and refunded them the money soon.”可知，此处与处理问题的方法有关。选项B“并且它立即采取行动改善其服务。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“There, you could get warm drinks for free”可知，此处与能得到热饮的地方有关。选项E“如果你不习惯寒冷的天气，你可以到暖房里去休息。”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 5 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·月考） “Military-style” travel (“特种兵式”旅行) has become popular among Chinese college students. They spend as little money as possible travelling to as many places as they can during the weekend. To save money, they usually take the slow train on Friday night and arrive at the destination (目的地) on Saturday morning. 1 On Sunday, they follow the same busy plan before returning in time for classes on Monday morning. Many people think highly of them for their energy (能量) to complete their plans.Wang Zixuan, a 21-year-old student, can’t wait to take this kind of travel. He says, “ 2 To see the world and learn about the cultures and traditions of different places is also important for us. And the best way is travelling.” Others, however, question whether such a busy plan is healthy. Zhen Boyu, a teacher of a middle school, says, “ 3 People will become very tired if they go to too many places in a day. What’s more, tourists may not be able to enjoy themselves when they are travelling in a hurry. Of course they can visit a lot of interesting places in a short time. 4 I don’t think the trip will be enjoyable or meaningful.” So what’s your idea about “military-style” travel? A．I’m not interested in this style. B．I think this kind of travel is really interesting. C．As a student, it’s of great importance for us to study hard. D．But they can’t learn deeply about the history behind them. E．They travel in the city and sleep at a 24-hour restaurant for a few hours on Saturday. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇关于“特种兵式”旅行的讨论文章，主要围绕中国大学生中流行的“特种兵式”旅行展开，介绍了这种旅行方式的特点，并呈现了不同人对它的看法。 1．根据“To save money, they usually take the slow train on Friday night and arrive at the destination(目的地) on Saturday morning.”以及“On Sunday, they follow the same busy plan before returning in time for classes on Monday morning.”可知，这里在描述“特种兵式”旅行在周末的行程安排，设空处应是周六的具体活动。选项E“他们周六在城市里游玩，然后在24小时营业的餐厅睡几个小时”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据“Wang Zixuan, a 21 - year - old student, can’t wait to take this kind of travel.”可知，Wang Zixuan很期待进行“特种兵式”旅行，设空处应表达他对这种旅行方式的积极态度。选项B“我觉得这种旅行真的很有趣”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“Others, however, question whether such a busy plan is healthy.”可知，Zhen Boyu对“特种兵式”旅行持质疑态度，设空处应阐述他质疑的原因。选项A“我对这种旅行方式不感兴趣”与质疑态度相符，故选A。 4．根据“Of course they can visit a lot of interesting places in a short time.”可知，前面提到了“特种兵式”旅行能在短时间内参观很多地方，设空处应表示转折，说明这种旅行方式存在的问题。选项D“但是他们无法深入了解这些地方背后的历史”符合语境，故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25八年级下·辽宁·开学考试） There are many humanistic monuments (人文古迹) and natural scenic spots (景点 ) in textbooks. Children are always interested in them, and they want to go there in person. 1 This kind of tour allows parents and children to deepen their understanding of the scenes (场景) mentioned in the textbooks. Many families have taken part in the textbook tour. 2 They can understand the cultural background and experience the historical period in the textbooks. For example, in Fuzhou, parents and children can watch lively shows and visit the museums to learn more about the famous writer Tang Xianzu in the Ming Dynasty. In addition, they can learn about the local customs. 3 The textbook tour is a connection between “reading thousands of books” and “travelling thousands of miles”. Through the practice, children can have a deeper understanding of the textbooks.Besides, the textbook tour further increases children’s pride in them other land. It also helps them learn about the excellent traditional culture of China. The rise of the textbook tour is a great chance for the connection between culture and tourism. For example, the Wen chuan government holds some activities on the birthday of Dayu. 4 This spreads local culture and provides an unforgettable experience for tourists. As the text book tour becomes a new fashion, the government should offer warm services to achieve a win-win situation for both scenic spots and tourists. A．This further makes their journey colorful. B．That’s why the textbook tour has become popular these days. C．They follow the stories in the textbooks and choose places to travel. D．Cultural workers teach “Dayu culture” to tourists in these activities. E．Textbooks can broaden my horizons. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了教科书旅行的好处及意义。 1．根据“Children are always interested in them, and they want to go there in person.…This kind of tour…”可知，此处在描述“教科书旅行热”的原因。选项B“这就是为什么这些天教科书之旅变得流行的原因。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Many families have taken part in the textbook tour.…For example, in Fuzhou”可知，许多家庭都参加了教科书之旅，他们跟随教科书中的故事选择旅行地点。选项C“他们按照课本上的故事，选择旅行的地方。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“In addition, they can learn about the local customs”可知，旅行过程中多样的活动使得旅行变得更多姿多彩。选项A“这使他们的旅程更加丰富多彩。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“For example, the Wen chuan government holds some activities on the birthday of Dayu.”可知，汶川政府在大禹的生日举行一些活动，此处与“大禹”有关。选项D“文化工作者在这些活动中向游客传授‘大禹文化’。”符合语境。故选D。 主题01 人与自我——个人情况与个人兴趣 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁营口·期中） Jack is a successful businessman because he is kind and honest (诚实的). He never lies (撒谎) to his partners and always keeps his promise. 1 As a result, people like doing business with him and he has made many friends during his career (职业生涯). One cold October day, Mark, a man from outside town came up to Jack and wanted to do business with him. At the very beginning, Jack was not sure whether (是否) to work with him. However, Mark was so good at talking that Jack chose to believe him. 2 About three weeks later, Jack found Mark had cheated him. 3 What was worse, he was terribly ill. People in the neighborhood heard the news and all wanted to help him. They went out of their way to support him with great encouragement. They even offered him plenty of money with little expectation in return. With the help of his neighbors and other business partners. 4 Whenever Jack is asked about the key to his success, he always smiles and replies, “Honesty is the most important.” A．He decided to work with Mark in the end. B．Jack got his business up and running again. C．He even thinks about others more than himself. D．Many hands make light work. E．Jack lost a lot of money and his business was in trouble. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了诚实善良的商人杰克的故事。杰克因诚信和为他人着想事业成功、广交朋友，他轻信马克与之合作后被骗，生意陷入困境且生病，但在邻居和其他生意伙伴的帮助下生意重新好转。杰克认为诚实是他成功的关键。 1．根据“He never lies (撒谎) to his partners and always keeps his promise.”以及“As a result, people like doing business with him and he has made many friends during his career (职业生涯).”可知，这里强调杰克不仅自己诚信，还为他人着想，所以才广受欢迎和结交朋友，选项C“他甚至比为自己着想还要更多地为他人着想。”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“However, Mark was so good at talking that Jack chose to believe him.”可知，杰克最终决定和马克合作，选项A“他最终决定和马克合作。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“About three weeks later, Jack found Mark had cheated him.”和“What was worse, he was terribly ill.”可知，马克欺骗了杰克，所以杰克肯定遭受不好的事情，选项E“杰克损失了很多钱，他的生意陷入了困境。”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“With the help of his neighbors and other business partners.”可猜测，在邻居和生意伙伴的帮助下，杰克的生意重新好了起来，选项B“杰克的生意重新开始并运转起来。”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Volunteer work is always a kind of activity that shows deep love. I still remember an unforgettable volunteer experience. 1 I got up early and went to the main street in my city. I thought it would be easy, but when I finished this job, my hands and legs were very tired. After that, the cleaner took me to clean the bins. “Just clean the bins. 2 ” I thought. However, when I opened the lid (瓶盖), a very bad smell came out. I couldn’t help covering my nose with my hands. All kinds of things were mixed together, and it smelled very bad. It took me lots of effort to pick them up and got my clothes dirty. I put on gloves and picked up the rubbish. The dirty water from the rubbish bag dropped onto the ground. 3 But I knew what I was doing was just a small part of the cleaners’ daily work. Finally, the work was done. To my surprise, I got the cleaners’ praise. I thought they were the greatest people. 4 A．It made me a bit sick. B．Maybe it will be easy. C．Every job should be respected. D．It is our duty to sorting (分类) rubbish. E．Last month, I spent a day as a cleaner. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文讲述的是作者通过体验清洁工工作的志愿者经历，体会到基层劳动者的艰辛，并认识到所有工作都值得尊重的故事。 1．根据“Volunteer work is always a kind of activity that shows deep love. I still remember an unforgettable volunteer experience.”可知，作者回忆了一次志愿者经历。选项E“上个月，我当了一天清洁工”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“‘Just clean the bins....’ I thought.”可知，此处是作者对清洁垃圾桶的初步想法。选项B“也许这很容易”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“The dirty water from the rubbish bag dropped onto the ground.”可知，此处描述作者面对脏水时的感受。选项A“这让我有点恶心”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“I thought they were the greatest people.”可知，此处是作者的感悟总结。选项C“每份工作都值得尊重”符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级下·辽宁丹东·期中） Sometimes you may have lots of things to do and you feel busy and worried. 1 Here are some ideas to make you find more free time to enjoy your life. 2 If you are not interested in some activities, then don’t go. Stay at home and relax. Or if you want to go to the fruit shop but the weather is hot, you’d better stay in your garden. It’s fine to change your mind and do your shopping tomorrow. Change your pace (步伐). If you usually do your fruit shopping on Saturdays, you can go there on weekday nights. There are fewer people on weekday nights than Saturdays. 3 Focus on (专注) simple pleasures (乐事). When you finish your day’s work, make time for yourself. 4 A bath or a good cup of tea can be enough. Although expensive relaxation is nice, when you focus on simple pleasures, you will get more. A．Say no to yourself. B．You can buy enough things you want. C．It doesn’t need to cost too much to relax. D．You may wonder, “Where does the time go?” E．You can feel better if you think of your way home as taking a walk. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．E 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如果感到焦虑或者忙碌，应该如何找到更多的时间来享受生活。 1．根据“Here are some ideas to make you find more free time to enjoy your life.”可知，下文提供了找空闲时间的方法。上文应提出对时间去向的疑惑，引出下文解决问题的方法。选项D“你可能会想，时间都去哪了？”提出问题，符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“If you are not interested in some activities, then don’t go. Stay at home and relax.”可知，本段主要讲拒绝参加不感兴趣的活动。选项A“对你自己说不”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据“Change your pace (步伐).”可知，本段主要讲“改变日常节奏”的做法，选项E“如果你把回家的路想象成散步，你会感觉好一些。”与本段主题“改变节奏”相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 4．根据“A bath or a good cup of tea can be enough. ”可知，空格后用“泡澡”、“喝茶”等例子说明放松无需花费很多钱就能获得。选项C“放松无需花太多钱”与后文放松方式相呼应，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） Taking time to help others is meaningful. March is the month to learn from Lei Feng in China. Lei was an ordinary soldier (普通军人). He was always ready to help others. He died of an accident at the age of 22 in 1962. 1 . The Youth Team is one of the volunteer groups during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. The 192 young volunteers worked for 66 days. It is not an easy job to work as a volunteer. Liu Junyu is one of the volunteers in the team and he designed the routes (设计路线) around the venues (场馆). With his design, people really had an easy time. 2 Other volunteers helped clean up the ice and snow each day. Thanks to their hard work, the tracks (赛道) were clean and tidy. It made sure that the games went well. Also, a volunteer needs to learn a lot. According to a volunteer from the Shougang Group, volunteers needed to know all about the venues. 3 In this way, they could show the beauty of Shougang and Beijing to guests better. “ 4 However, I’ve learned a lot through being a volunteer—the growing personal skills,” said Jiang. A．We can learn a lot through volunteering. B．People say volunteering is about giving. C．They could get in and out the venues easily and safely. D．They also kept in mind the history and stories behind them. E．But his spirit still inspires (激励) people to do volunteer work. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青年队遵循“雷锋精神”，在2022年北京冬季奥运会做志愿者的事情。 1．根据前文“March is the month to learn from Lei Feng in China. Lei was an ordinary soldier (普通军人). He was always ready to help others. He died of an accident at the age of 22 in 1962.”可知，本段在讲雷锋这个人物相关的信息，E项“但他的精神仍然激励着人们去做志愿者工作。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据前文“With his design, people really had an easy time.”可知，场馆的设计便于观众进出，C项“他们可以轻松安全地进出场馆。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据前文“According to a volunteer from the Shougang Group, volunteers needed to know all about the venues.”和后文“In this way, they could show the beauty of Shougang and Beijing to guests better.”可知，志愿者们需要了解场馆的所有信息，以便更好向客人展示首钢和北京的美，D项“他们也要牢记背后的历史和故事。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据后文“However, I’ve learned a lot through being a volunteer—the growing personal skills”可知，前后句是转折关系，本段说的是志愿工作的付出和收获，B项“人们说志愿服务就是给予。”符合语境。故选B。 主题02 人与自我——自我管理（理财） Passage 1 （23-24八年级下·辽宁辽阳·期中） “Who needs a shopping mall (购物中心) if you have Taobao?” says 28-year-old Wang Lin, a writer in Beijing. Taobao is China’s largest online shopping site (网站). 1 She spends lots of money on Taobao. A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping. 2 More women shop online than men. Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line. Taobao means “looking for treasure” in Chinese. 3 All kinds of things can be found, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players. 4 In fact, it’s very safe and convenient. Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products. A．It has become an important part of Wang Lin’s life. B．You may want to know about the safety (安全性) of shopping online. C．In the past, people went shopping in big malls. D．People can find almost everything they need on Taobao. E．Most online shoppers are students or young workers. 【答案】1．A 2．E 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国最大的在线购物网站——淘宝的相关内容，包括其用户数量、用户类型、产品种类以及服务方式等。 1．根据“Taobao is China’s largest online shopping site...She spends lots of money on Taobao.”可知，本段介绍了王林和淘宝之间的联系。选项A“它已经成为王林生活的重要组成部分”衔接上下文，符合语境。故选A。 2．根据“More women shop online than men. Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line.”可知，本段讲述了淘宝的用户类型。选项E“大多数网购者都是学生或年轻员工”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“All kinds of things can be found, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players.”可知，本段介绍了淘宝可提供的产品种类。选项D“人们几乎可以在淘宝上找到他们需要的一切”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“In fact, it’s very safe and convenient...return the products.”可知，本段主要讲述了在线购物的安全问题。选项B“你可能想了解在线购物的安全性”概括本段大意，符合语境。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） China covers large areas and has a great population. Different living habits have always been an interesting topic in the country. Recently, another difference between northerners and southerners became a hot one: the way they shop at markets. 1 It is normal for them to buy half a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef at a time. However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north. 2 Also, you can buy a very small amount of fruit, such as a single apple or pear, each time in the south. 3 But hardly do shop owners in the north offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes. The difference could be due to (由于) the different climate. Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there. 4 But the hot and wet weather in the south make southern Chinese buy just enough food for one meat or one day, or else the food may go bad. A．Many northerners have the habit of stocking up (囤货) on food, especially for the long winter. B．Shop owners even help you peel (削皮) and cut them. C．People from southern China say they always buy what they need for just one or two meals. D．Shop owners will still be happy with you. E．Instead, buying vegetables and meat enough for a week is usual for northerners. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南北方购物的不同。 1．根据“It is normal for them to buy half a Chinese cabbage, two potatoes and 0.25 kilograms of beef at a time.”可知，此处描述购物的量。选项C“来自中国南方的人们说，他们总是只买一两顿饭所需的食物”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“However, one may be laughed at if he does this in the north.”可知，上文提到南方人买东西的量比较少，而此处应是在描述北方人买东西的量。选项E“相反，北方人通常会买足够一周的蔬菜和肉”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“But hardly do shop owners in the north offer such service. And many fruits are sold in baskets and boxes.”可知，此处与店主提供的服务相关。选项B“店主甚至会帮你削皮并切好”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“Food can be kept for a long time in the north, as it is usually cold and dry there”可知，此处与北方的食物储存有关。选项A“许多北方人都有囤积食物的习惯，尤其是在漫长的冬天”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁沈阳·期中） Golden Hook is a group of grandmas and a young man. They make beautiful hats and sell them all around the world. You don’t buy Golden Hook hats in a shop. If you want one, you need to go to their Website and choose the size and colour you want. Then you look at photos of some grandmas and choose one to make the hat by hand just for you.   1 Jeremy Emsellem started Golden Hook in Paris. In 2005, when he was 19, Jeremy began to knit (编织) 2 Other students really liked them. Everyone wanted one! Jeremy made hats for 50 students, but he didn’t have time to make hats for everyone. Then, in 2007, he visited his old aunt and had an idea. His old aunt and her friends had lots of time. 3 Jeremy asked them if they wanted to make hats. Six of the grandmas said yes. In 2008, Jeremy started the Golden Hook company. In the first year, they only sold 300 hats 4 . In 2010, Golden Hook had 20 grandmas making those beautiful hats. Jeremy is happy that Golden Hook lets people get wonderful hats and helps grandmas get money and something interesting to do. A．You can buy Golden Hook hats in a shop. B．He wore the hats to school. C．They were also very good at knitting D．but the hats got popular soon E．One week later, you get the hat with a special message from her. 【答案】1．E 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文讲述了关于Jeremy创建公司，卖帽子的故事。 1．根据“Then you look at photos of some grandmas and choose one to make the hat by hand just for you.”可知，空处应是购买帽子的最后一步。E项“一周后，你会收到她发来的带有特殊信息的帽子。”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据“Other students really liked them. Everyone wanted one!”可知空处说的是戴帽子上学。B项“他戴帽子上学。”符合语境，故选B。 3．根据“His old aunt and her friends had lots of time...Jeremy asked them if they wanted to make hats.”可知空处说的是他的阿姨及阿姨的朋友擅长织帽子。C项“她们也很擅长编织。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据“In the first year, they only sold 300 hats...In 2010, Golden Hook had 20 grandmas making those beautiful hats.”可知空处说的是他的帽子变得受欢迎。D项“但是这些帽子很快就流行起来了。”符合语境，故选D。 主题03 人与自我——日常生活 Passage 1 （24-25八年级下·辽宁大连·期末） Camping in your backyard is full of fun, whatever your age is. 1 . It offers chances to check the night sky and to be noisier than usual. It lets us have friends stay outside the house! Follow these instructions and you’ll have a night you’ll never forget! Put up your tent. Depending on the number of family members and guests, you may need more than one tent. 2 Follow the instructions or check out the articles on how to put up a tent. Prepare your bedding. You will want your guests to be able to relax in comfort (舒服). Put something soft to lie on the floor: A blow-up air mattress (床垫) or thick comforters may work well. Fill the tent with soft toys and blankets (毯子). Have lightweight sleeping bags or cotton blankets. They are especially important if you live where the night temperatures drop greatly. 3 If you have a picnic table, that would work best. If not, set up a few chairs and a small table to set out drinks and food. A simple choice is to lay out a blanket in the sun, so that your friends can eat and talk. Be sure the grass isn’t wet. Make memories. 4 Have a camera nearby to take silly photos of you, your family members, and your friends. Take one large group shot with everyone smiling and laughing. Be sure to make copies for everyone! A．It’s great for keeping us relaxed. B．Prepare a seating area. C．Get everything ready before camping in your backyard. D．Tell your friends to bring their tents if needed. E．You’re camping happily in the backyard, so it’s time to freeze (冻结) a moment in time. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．E 【导语】本文主要提供了在后院露营的实用指南，包括搭建帐篷、准备寝具、布置用餐区和记录美好时光等步骤，旨在帮助人们享受轻松有趣的户外体验。 1．根据前文“Camping in your backyard is full of fun, whatever your age is.”可知，无论你多大，在你的后院露营都充满了乐趣。A选项“它对我们放松很有好处。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据前文“Depending on the number of family members and guests, you may need more than one tent.”可知，根据家庭成员和客人的数量，你可能需要不止一个帐篷。D选项“如果需要的话，告诉你的朋友带上他们的帐篷。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据后文“If you have a picnic table, that would work best. If not, set up a few chairs and a small table to set out drinks and food. A simple choice is to lay out a blanket in the sun, so that your friends can eat and talk. Be sure the grass isn’t wet.”可知，本段主要讲述了如何为后院露营准备用餐区域，包括使用野餐桌、简易桌椅或草坪毯子等多种布置方式。B选项“准备一个座位区。”符合语境。故填B。 4．根据后文“Have a camera nearby to take silly photos of you, your family members, and your friends.”可知，在身边放一台相机，给你、你的家人和朋友拍些傻乎乎的照片。E选项“你在后院快乐地露营，是时候定格一个瞬间了。”符合语境。故选E。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级下·辽宁抚顺·期中） 1 For me, I really enjoy eating special festival food. In the US, we often eat roasted turkey (烤火鸡) and mashed (捣碎的) potatoes for Christmas. We also really like to drink eggnog (蛋酒). 2 Hot chocolate is also very popular in the US during wintertime. 3 Gingerbread often smells sweet. You can eat it as cookies or even make a gingerbread house! Smelling gingerbread always reminds me of Christmas. I’ve lived in China for many years now and there is a holiday that I really like: Spring Festival! Spring Festival has its own special dishes, like dumplings, fish, spring rolls and tangyuan. I think holiday food is very special. 4 Eating holiday food together can keep friendships and family ties (纽带) strong. Even if you eat alone, it can make you think of home and feel happy. A．It not only tastes good but also makes you think of loved ones. B．Eggnog is a special drink with milk, cream, sugar and eggs. C．I love tangyuan most since they are so chewy (耐嚼的), and sweet. D．What do you like about holidays? E．Another fun Christmas food is gingerbread (姜饼). 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者对节日食物的喜爱以及不同节日的特色食物。 1．根据下文“For me, I really enjoy eating special festival food.”可知，此处应是询问节日有关内容。选项D“你喜欢节日的什么方面呢？”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据上文“We also really like to drink eggnog (蛋酒).”可知，此处应介绍蛋酒的成分。选项B“蛋酒是一种由牛奶、奶油、糖和鸡蛋制成的特殊饮料。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据下文“Gingerbread often smells sweet.”可知，此处应介绍姜饼。选项E“另一种有趣的圣诞食物是姜饼。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据下文“Eating holiday food together can keep friendships and family ties (纽带) strong.”可知，此处应总结节日食物的意义。选项A“它不仅味道好，还让你想起爱的人。”符合语境。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） Whether it’s a day off or a week, you don’t need to be among people to have a great time. 1 You can spend your holiday on your own doing something you have no time to do in your everyday life. Eat your favourite foods. They can bring you much pleasure for sure. You can make a healthy meal at home. Cook something you love but usually don’t have time to make. Instead of having meals at home, you can also go to a local restaurant for something special. Eat it there, or bring it home. 2 Stay away from technology. You may have a chance to find the real beauty of life. Maybe you can’t help playing with your smartphones all day while you are on holiday alone. 3 In this way, you will have chances to be close to nature. 4 You can go shopping, see a film, or take a class. Take your time to search for something even small that you want. Going to see a movie or a show alone can be a fun experience. Use your holiday as a chance to try something new like dancing or painting. All in all, relax and have a wonderful holiday. Leave your worries behind and try to be a master of your own, but remember that nothing is more important than safety. A．Try to find something new and fun to do. B．Whether you eat out or cook at home, enjoy! C．Being alone can also be relaxing and amazing. D．What else can we do to enjoy the holiday? E．Why not create more time to go hiking, fly kites or do some other outdoor activities? 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．A 【导语】本文讲了如何在独自度假时享受自己的时间。 1．根据“You can spend your holiday on your own doing something you have no time to do in your everyday life.”可知此处提到自己一个人过假日，选项C“独处也是一种放松和令人惊叹的感觉。”符合，故选C。 2．根据“Eat it there, or bring it home”可知此处是介绍吃饭的方式，选项B“无论你是外出就餐还是在家做饭，尽情享受吧！”符合，故选B。 3．根据“In this way, you will have chances to be close to nature.”可知此处提到了亲近自然，选项E“为什么不创造更多的时间去徒步旅行、放风筝或做一些其他的户外活动呢？”符合，故选E。 4．根据“You can go shopping, see a film, or take a class.”以及“Use your holiday as a chance to try something new like dancing or painting.”可知此处提到了做一些有趣或是新的事。选项A“试着找到一些新的、有趣的事情去做。”符合，故选A。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级下·辽宁大连·期中） There is a big difference between knowing a country from social media (社交媒体) and experiencing it in person. 1 From March 24 to 31, a group of 15 students from the US went on an educational and cultural exchange (交流) in China. For Ian Sierra, a 15-year-old 10th grader, this was his first time going abroad. While in Beijing, Sierra bravely tried douzhi, a fermented (发酵的) bean juice. It is a challenge even for locals but he finished three bowls at one time. 2 “At Beijing No 4 High School International Campus (BHSFIC), I tried out table tennis after classes ended, and the Chinese students played like pros (职业选手),” he said. “In the US, students usually do sports through clubs and sports teams ... Sports are more for fun here.” 3 Li Weiyou, a 15-year-old student from BHSFIC and Michael’s homestay partner, was surprised by his American peer (同龄人). “Before I knew Michael, I thought US students worked more on personal development than studies. 4 He is good at both,” said Li. For Sierra, the week-long trip even influenced his future job. “I used to think about becoming a math teacher in the US. Now I’m thinking about teaching English in Beijing or Shanghai.” A．The learning was two-sided. B．But Michael showed I was wrong. C．There are many exciting things to do in Beijing. D．As well as Chinese food, Sierra took part in some activities of the programme. E．This is what students from the US and China found out during an exchange journey. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了中美学生之间的一次教育和文化交流。通过这次交流学习，他们彼此都加深了了解。 1．根据“There is a big difference between knowing a country from social media (社交媒体) and experiencing it in person.”可知，通过社交媒体了解一个国家和亲身体验这个国家是有很大区别的；再根据“From March 24 to 31, a group of 15 students from the US went on an educational and cultural exchange (交流) in China.”可知，这个区别是一个由15名美国学生组成的团体感受到的；选项E“这是来自美国和中国的学生在一次交流旅行中所发现的。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“While in Beijing, Sierra bravely tried douzhi, a fermented (发酵的) bean juice. It is a challenge even for locals but he finished three bowls at one time.”可知，Sierra勇敢地品尝了北京的美食豆汁；再根据“At Beijing No 4 High School International Campus (BHSFIC), I tried out table tennis after classes ended,”可知，除了品尝美食，Sierra还参加了一些活动；选项D“除了品尝中国美食，Sierra还参加了该项目的一些活动。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Li Weiyou, a 15-year-old student from BHSFIC an$