精品解析：北京市第一零一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期统练三英语试题

北京市第一〇一中学2025-2026学年度统考三 高三英语 2026.03 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In my eyes, my mother is capable of doing anything, especially chores such as ironing and cooking. However, teaching her how to use the Internet is as frustrating as untangling (解开) wires. Once, my mother came to me to ask for help on how to find a recipe for all-beef Lasagna. I gave her very ___1___ verbal instructions — go to the home page of a particular search engine and ___2___ in “recipe for all-beef Lasagna”. Fifteen minutes later, she came to me, telling me she couldn’t find the Internet icon. I went over to the computer and pointed out the icon to her. Another fifteen minutes went by when I felt a tap on my shoulder. This time, she was unable to search for the particular recipe. Gritting (咬) my teeth, I walked to her room again. I saw that she had typed “all beef La saga” instead. With frustrated strokes, I typed in the correct ___3___. Yet when my mother timidly tapped my shoulder again, I stormed next door without ___4___ to hide my frustration. The main page of the website had not shifted one bit. I then realised that she did not know how to ___5___ the page. What had ___6___ seemed like an easy task was turning out to be an intense one. To avoid being ___7___ again, I decided to find the recipe for her. Without a word, I rapidly downloaded a few recipes, printed them out and passed them to my mother. However, seeing her ___8___, I began to regret my impatience during the whole process. At that moment, memories flashed through my mind. When I was young, my mother ____9____ my endless questions, enlightening me with much patience. Now that I am older, the _____10_____ slowly reverse. As my mother may increasingly need my help, shouldn’t I rethink how to respond to her needs? 1. A. logical B. familiar C. simple D. smart 2. A. turn B. print C. bring D. key 3. A. spelling B. decision C. explanation D. combination 4. A. assuming B. bothering C. expecting D. preparing 5. A. rely on B. scroll down C. run across D. speed up 6. A. basically B. currently C. technically D. initially 7. A. blamed B. disturbed C. trapped D. tested 8. A. optimism B. unwillingness C. pleasure D. embarrassment 9. A. tolerated B. forgave C. unlocked D. doubted 10. A. principles B. roles C. beliefs D. practices 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The Digital World is a set of volumes that aim to describe ____11____ digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores a wide range of materials, ____12____ (clarify) the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday life. We mainly focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers ____13____ (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of our Further Resources section featured in each volume. B 语法填空 San Diego’s newest giant panda made their public appearance on Thursday in the San Diego Zoo’s Panda Ridge habitat. The pair, Yun Chuan and Xin Bao, are the first pandas ____14____ (enter) the United States in 21 years. The Panda Ridge habitat in which the pair will live is four times larger than the previous panda enclosure and takes cues from China’s landscape, ____15____ many features imitating canyons, mountains and cliffs. Visitors to the zoo can make reservations for an 80-minute early morning walking tour to see pandas, which is not included in the price of ____16____ (admit). C 语法填空 With the theme of “Kinetic rush”, the 9th World Rendering Competition, a contest ____17____ participants engage in the process of creating three-dimensional animations, ____18____ (challenge) participants to create unique animations. It attracted thousands of 3D artists from around the world, ____19____ (receive) a diverse collection of imaginative entries that are masterfully created. Among these, the work of Karaoke, a 3D artist from Chengdu China stood out. ____20____ (inspire) by an Egyptian Paralympic table tennis player, his animation tells the story of an armless boy enthusiastically pursuing his dream of playing ping-pong despite his disabilities. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Garden enthusiasts get ready for an exciting year ahead! The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. Choosing the Right Shows Pick shows that match your interests. The Northeast offers classic flower displays. Northwest exhibitions highlight native species. Southwest shows focus on desert plants. Check show dates carefully. Some run for just a day or weekend, while others last a week or more. Think about what you want to see most. Ticketing and Entrance Fees Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. Some shows have multi-day passes if you want to visit more than once. Prices vary by show and location. VIP or preview night tickets often cost more but give you early access. Some shows include free workshops with admission. Travel Tips If you’re flying, compare prices at different airports. Some cities have multiple options. Rental cars give you freedom to explore, but parking can be tricky at show venues. Volunteering Opportunities Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills. Many events need volunteers to greet guests, answer questions, or help with setting up the exhibitions. Check show websites or social media to find out how to sign up. Volunteering often comes with free entry and behind-the-scenes access. It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. 21. What might be a benefit of buying tickets early? A. Reduced prices. B. Multi-day admission. C. Flexible show dates. D. Guaranteed free workshops. 22. Being a volunteer of the events, you can ________. A. run a social media account B. enjoy free Internet service C. approve exhibit layouts D. develop your social ties 23. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A. To attract exhibition volunteers. B. To sell flowers and plants. C. To share information on garden events. D. To offer practical tips for travelers. B It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. But something about my friend’s words — “I can help organize the whole thing” — stuck with me. I felt obliged to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by. When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in. So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way. Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there. I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders. When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 24 Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning? A. She felt it hard to finish the race. B. She had no time to join in the event. C. She thought the research meaningless. D. She was reminded of her mother’s death. 25. What mainly helped the author get through hard times after her mom’s death? A. The company of her friends. B. The inspiration from her mom. C. The pleasure in going for a run. D. The success in organizing an event. 26. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom? A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous. C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Every cloud has a silver lining. B. Where there is a will, there is a way. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Love remembered gives strength to go on. C Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers. Citation cartels, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire (密谋) to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, another expression of this predatory (掠夺性的) behavior has emerged: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to-journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles. The appearance of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers. In some instances, there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations. The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all — it is just providing citations to other journals. Such practices can lead an article to accumulate more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published. How insidious (不易觉察的) is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual — acting as author, editor, and consultant — was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation. Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this misconduct. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to distance themselves from citation cartel activities: when an editor, a reviewer, or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal. 28. According to Paragraph 1, the careers of scientists can be determined by ________. A. how many citations their works contain B how many times their papers are cited C. the prestige of the people they work with D. the status they have in scientific circles 29. The metaphor of “milk cow” in Paragraph 3 is used to ________. A. make a comparison B. illustrate a situation C. propose a solution D. highlight a problem 30. What does the underlined word “rampant” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Urgent. B. Complex. C. Occasional. D. Severe. D Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper implications. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves. In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic prescription is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries (中间人) in people's consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. In one sense, this is helpful. After all, machines can survey a wider range of choices than any individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own. At the same time, though, this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what they’ve preferred in the past. We think there is some risk that people's options will be constrained by their past in a new and unanticipated way. As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on more extensive data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become utterly predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. Algorithms could soon — if they don’t already — have a better idea about which show you’d like to watch next and which job candidate you should hire than you do. One day, humans may even find a way for machines to make these decisions without some of the biases that humans typically display. But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. 31. What do we learn about the deeper implications of AI? A. It enables people to use innovations to control the environment. B. It increases people’s access to information and entertainment. C. It changes how humans make choices and understand themselves. D. It mainly causes catastrophic levels of unemployment. 32. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines? A. Consumers will have much limited choice. B. Consumers will actually enjoy better luck. C. It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy. D. Humans will develop tastes similar to machines. 33. What is the author’s attitude toward the growing predictability brought by AI? A. Unconcerned. B. Cautious. C. Supportive. D. Skeptical. 34. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Technology Shapes Humanity. B. The Age of Algorithmic Living. C. Smarter Machines, Better Decisions. D. When Prediction Replaces Judgment. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many of us set goals, but sometimes we fail to achieve them. There are many causes why we don’t manage to realize our goals.____35____There is a way, though, to help address this problem: set reminders. People employ a psychological strategy called cognitive (认知的) offloading, where we use a physical action to reduce demands on our brain. Specifically, we may outsource our intentions from being stored in our brains to reminders outside our head.____36____ Understanding the benefits of cognitive offloading can improve our ability to remember and follow through with our intentions. The biggest benefit is simply that it improves memory performance. It increases the probability that we will work towards the goals we need to reach. ____37____“The more we offload unimportant information such as items on a shopping list, the more we can use our brain for those more significant cognitive tasks, such as creativity,” said Sam Gilbert, professor at the University College London. ____38____Still, there are potential negative parts for it. We are more likely to forget what we offloaded if we no longer access our storage, such as when our smartphone dies. We also tend to offload the important things we most want to remember. In a surprise test where their reminders were wiped clean, the participants were more likely to forget the important items and recall the unimportant ones, that is, the more important the intention we want to remember, the more likely we are to offload it—and to forget it. We’d better tend to create reminders when we think we need them, but not necessarily when we do need them. ____39____“If our understanding of our memory ability is wrong, this suggests that we will either overuse or underuse reminders,” Gilbert said. “We can learn by noticing the times that we have forgotten to do something and could have used reminders to help.” A. Cognitive offloading has noticeable benefits. B. One common reason is that we simply forget them. C. Besides, it can free up our limited cognitive resources. D. A good example can be documents on our smartphone calendars. E. The process of cognitive offloading helps us identify false information. F. Our beliefs about how good our memory is directly influence whether we set them. G. Other experts say it’s too soon to understand how cognitive offloading affects our brains. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 40. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 43 What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校即将于3月20日举办主题为“传承·奋进(Inheritance and Forging Ahead)”的80周年校庆活动，请你用英文给你班交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1.活动的时间和地点；2.活动内容。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第一〇一中学2025-2026学年度统考三 高三英语 2026.03 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In my eyes, my mother is capable of doing anything, especially chores such as ironing and cooking. However, teaching her how to use the Internet is as frustrating as untangling (解开) wires. Once, my mother came to me to ask for help on how to find a recipe for all-beef Lasagna. I gave her very ___1___ verbal instructions — go to the home page of a particular search engine and ___2___ in “recipe for all-beef Lasagna”. Fifteen minutes later, she came to me, telling me she couldn’t find the Internet icon. I went over to the computer and pointed out the icon to her. Another fifteen minutes went by when I felt a tap on my shoulder. This time, she was unable to search for the particular recipe. Gritting (咬) my teeth, I walked to her room again. I saw that she had typed “all beef La saga” instead. With frustrated strokes, I typed in the correct ___3___. Yet when my mother timidly tapped my shoulder again, I stormed next door without ___4___ to hide my frustration. The main page of the website had not shifted one bit. I then realised that she did not know how to ___5___ the page. What had ___6___ seemed like an easy task was turning out to be an intense one. To avoid being ___7___ again, I decided to find the recipe for her. Without a word, I rapidly downloaded a few recipes, printed them out and passed them to my mother. However, seeing her ___8___, I began to regret my impatience during the whole process. At that moment, memories flashed through my mind. When I was young, my mother ____9____ my endless questions, enlightening me with much patience. Now that I am older, the _____10_____ slowly reverse. As my mother may increasingly need my help, shouldn’t I rethink how to respond to her needs? 1. A. logical B. familiar C. simple D. smart 2. A. turn B. print C. bring D. key 3. A. spelling B. decision C. explanation D. combination 4. A. assuming B. bothering C. expecting D. preparing 5. A. rely on B. scroll down C. run across D. speed up 6. A. basically B. currently C. technically D. initially 7. A. blamed B. disturbed C. trapped D. tested 8. A. optimism B. unwillingness C. pleasure D. embarrassment 9. A. tolerated B. forgave C. unlocked D. doubted 10. A. principles B. roles C. beliefs D. practices 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在帮助母亲使用互联网时感到挫败，但最终反思并意识到要给予耐心。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给了她非常简单的口头说明——去一个特定搜索引擎的主页，输入“全牛肉千层面食谱”。A. logical逻辑的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. simple简单的；D. smart聪明的。根据下文“go to the home page of a particular search engine and ____ in “recipe for all-beef Lasagna””可知，这是非常简单的步骤，所以作者给了母亲非常简单的口头说明。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. turn转动；B. print打印；C. bring带来；D. key（用键盘）输入。根据上文“go to the home page of a particular search engine”和一般使用搜索引擎的方法可知，此处指去搜索引擎的主页输入想要搜索的内容。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着沮丧的心情，我输入了正确的拼写。A. spelling拼写；B. decision决定；C. explanation解释；D. combination结合。根据上文“she had typed “all beef La saga” instead”可知，母亲拼写错误，所以此处指作者输入了正确的拼写。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我的母亲再次胆怯地拍了拍我的肩膀时，我冲到了隔壁房间，没有掩饰我的沮丧。A. assuming假设；B. bothering打扰；C. expecting期望；D. preparing准备。根据上文“I stormed next door”和下文“to hide my frustration”可知，作者急促地走过去，说明未顾忌隐藏沮丧的情绪，bother to do意为“费心做某事”。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后我意识到她不知道如何滚动页面。A. rely on依靠；B. scroll down滚动（网页或文档）以便看到更多内容；C. run across偶遇；D. speed up加速。根据上文“The main page of the website had not shifted one bit”可知，电脑操作中“to scroll”指的是在网页中上下移动页面，此处因网页内容没有移动，所以作者意识到母亲不知道如何滚动页面。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初看似简单的任务，结果却变得十分艰难。A. basically基本上；B. currently目前；C. technically技术上；D. initially最初。根据下文“seemed like an easy task was turning out to be an intense one”可知，此处指作者原本认为教母亲上网找食谱是一件容易的事，但实际操作过程中遇到了很多困难。故选D。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了避免再次被打扰，我决定为她找到食谱。A. blamed责备；B. disturbed打扰；C. trapped使陷入困境；D. tested测试。根据上文“Yet when my mother timidly tapped my shoulder again”和下文“I decided to find the recipe for her”可知，作者不想再被母亲频繁地询问问题，所以选择了直接帮她完成任务。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，看到她尴尬的样子，我开始后悔自己在整个过程中的不耐烦。A. optimism乐观；B. unwillingness不乐意；C. pleasure快乐；D. embarrassment尴尬。根据上文“I rapidly downloaded a few recipes, printed them out and passed them to my mother”和后文“I began to regret my impatience during the whole process.”可知，结合我后悔自己的不耐烦，这里应该表达母亲面对技术不熟练感到难堪和害羞，她是表现出尴尬情绪。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我小的时候，母亲容忍我问不完的问题，耐心地给我开导。A. tolerated忍受；B. forgave原谅；C. unlocked打开；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“At that moment, memories flashed through my mind. When I was young”和下文“enlightening me with much patience”可知，小时候是母亲耐心地回答作者的问题，也就是说母亲容忍我问不完的问题，耐心地给我开导。故选A。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我长大了，角色慢慢地颠倒了。A. principles原则；B. roles角色；C. beliefs信仰；D. practices实践。根据上文“When I was young, my mother endured my endless questions, enlightening me with much patience”和下文“As my mother may increasingly need my help, shouldn’t I rethink how to respond to her needs?”可知，小时候是母亲耐心地回答作者的问题，现在作者长大了，角色慢慢地颠倒了，应该是作者耐心地对待母亲。此处指角色互换。故选B。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 The Digital World is a set of volumes that aim to describe ____11____ digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores a wide range of materials, ____12____ (clarify) the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, and discusses the influences they have on everyday life. We mainly focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers ____13____ (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of our Further Resources section featured in each volume. 【答案】11. how 12. clarifies 13. are encouraged 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过描述数字系统对社会的影响，以及介绍其基本概念和应用，帮助读者理解数字世界。 【11题详解】 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：《数字世界》是一系列旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会的卷册，帮助读者理解数字系统的本质及其众多相互作用的部分。根据句子结构，这里需要一个连接词来引导宾语从句，并且表示方式或方法。因此，使用how“如何”来引导从句，说明数字系统影响社会的方式。故填how。 【12题详解】 考查时态。句意：这套书中的每一卷都探索了一系列材料，阐明数字系统主要应用的基本概念，并讨论它们对日常生活的影响。explores与空格处单词以及后文and后的discusses构成并列的谓语动词，句子时态为一般现在时。由于主语Each volume是单数形式，因此空格处使用第三人称单数形式。故填clarifies。 【13题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：我们鼓励读者在每一卷中特色展示的“进一步资源”部分的指导下继续探索数字世界。结合上一句中的focus和句意，可知句子时态用一般现在时，主语Readers与encourage之间是被动关系，此处需用一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done，主语为Readers，be动词需用are。故填are encouraged。 B 语法填空 San Diego’s newest giant panda made their public appearance on Thursday in the San Diego Zoo’s Panda Ridge habitat. The pair, Yun Chuan and Xin Bao, are the first pandas ____14____ (enter) the United States in 21 years. The Panda Ridge habitat in which the pair will live is four times larger than the previous panda enclosure and takes cues from China’s landscape, ____15____ many features imitating canyons, mountains and cliffs. Visitors to the zoo can make reservations for an 80-minute early morning walking tour to see pandas, which is not included in the price of ____16____ (admit). 【答案】14. to enter 15. with 16. admission 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍圣地亚哥动物园迎来21年来首批赴美大熊猫，新栖息地环境更贴近自然。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：云川和新宝这对大熊猫是21年来首批进入美国的大熊猫。此处为固定结构“the+序数词+名词+to do”，不定式作后置定语，所以用to enter。故填to enter。 【15题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们将居住的熊猫岭栖息地比之前的熊猫圈舍大四倍，借鉴了中国地貌，拥有峡谷、山峦和悬崖等诸多景观。根据句意“拥有”可知，此处用介词with表示“有着”。故填with。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：动物园游客可以预约80分钟清晨徒步观赏大熊猫，这项服务不含在门票内。此处作介词of的宾语，用admit的名词形式admission，表示抽象意义，不可数，故填admission。 C 语法填空 With the theme of “Kinetic rush”, the 9th World Rendering Competition, a contest ____17____ participants engage in the process of creating three-dimensional animations, ____18____ (challenge) participants to create unique animations. It attracted thousands of 3D artists from around the world, ____19____ (receive) a diverse collection of imaginative entries that are masterfully created. Among these, the work of Karaoke, a 3D artist from Chengdu China stood out. ____20____ (inspire) by an Egyptian Paralympic table tennis player, his animation tells the story of an armless boy enthusiastically pursuing his dream of playing ping-pong despite his disabilities. 【答案】17. where 18. challenged 19. receiving 20. Inspired 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文介绍了以“动能冲刺”为主题的第九届世界渲染大赛。 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：以“动能冲刺”为主题的第九届世界渲染大赛，是一场参赛者参与创作三维动画的赛事，该赛事要求参赛者创作独具特色的动画作品。空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是contest，从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【18题详解】 考查动词时态。句意同上。challenge是谓语动词，与主语the 9th World Rendering Competition是主动关系，结合下文“ It attracted thousands of 3D artists from around the world”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填challenged。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它吸引了来自全球数千名3D艺术家，收到了一大批构思巧妙、制作精湛的创意参赛作品。句中 attracted作谓语动词，receive用非谓语动词形式作状语，与上文句子是逻辑主谓关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填receiving。 20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的动画灵感源自一位埃及残奥会乒乓球运动员，讲述了一名失去双臂的男孩，尽管身有残疾，却依然满怀热忱地追逐乒乓球梦想的故事。inspire用非谓语动词形式作状语，inspire与逻辑主语his animation是动宾关系，用过去分词作状语，置于句首，单词首字母大写。故填Inspired。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Garden enthusiasts, get ready for an exciting year ahead! The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. Choosing the Right Shows Pick shows that match your interests. The Northeast offers classic flower displays. Northwest exhibitions highlight native species. Southwest shows focus on desert plants. Check show dates carefully. Some run for just a day or weekend, while others last a week or more. Think about what you want to see most. Ticketing and Entrance Fees Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. Some shows have multi-day passes if you want to visit more than once. Prices vary by show and location. VIP or preview night tickets often cost more but give you early access. Some shows include free workshops with admission. Travel Tips If you’re flying, compare prices at different airports. Some cities have multiple options. Rental cars give you freedom to explore, but parking can be tricky at show venues. Volunteering Opportunities Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills. Many events need volunteers to greet guests, answer questions, or help with setting up the exhibitions. Check show websites or social media to find out how to sign up. Volunteering often comes with free entry and behind-the-scenes access. It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. 21. What might be a benefit of buying tickets early? A Reduced prices. B. Multi-day admission. C. Flexible show dates. D. Guaranteed free workshops. 22. Being a volunteer of the events, you can ________. A. run a social media account B. enjoy free Internet service C approve exhibit layouts D. develop your social ties 23 What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A To attract exhibition volunteers. B. To sell flowers and plants. C. To share information on garden events. D. To offer practical tips for travelers. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年美国园艺展的相关信息，包括如何选择合适的展览、购票优惠、旅行建议以及志愿者机会等。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ticketing and Entrance Fees部分第一段中“Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. (尽早买票，因为展会会为提前购票提供折扣。)”可知，提前买票的好处是可以享受折扣，即价格降低。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Volunteering Opportunities部分第一段中“Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills.(在园艺展中帮忙是一种认识人和学习新技能的有趣方式。)”和第二段中“It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. (这是你在支持园艺界的同时建立人脉的好方法。)”可知，作为活动的志愿者，你可以发展你的社交关系。故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Garden enthusiasts, get ready for an exciting year ahead!The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. (园艺爱好者们，为即将到来的激动人心的一年做好准备吧！2025年美国园艺展将展示令人惊叹的花卉布置、创新的景观设计理念以及最新的园艺趋势。)”可知，文章主要介绍了2025年美国园艺展的相关信息，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是分享关于园艺活动的信息。故选C。 B It was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didn’t know how to go on with life. So when I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. But something about my friend’s words — “I can help organize the whole thing” — stuck with me. I felt obliged to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living. I checked our team’s website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up our total. I knew my mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by. When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smiles on their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I wanted in. So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it was ambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldn’t come in last. I followed it religiously and didn’t let anything get in my way. Running up and down the city’s hills, I was flooded with memories. I had lived there after college and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdale’s, recalling the time she and I had gotten into a screaming argument there. I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis of cancer. “I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. A weight lifted from my shoulders. When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me and continued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. 24. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning? A. She felt it hard to finish the race. B. She had no time to join in the event. C. She thought the research meaningless. D. She was reminded of her mother’s death. 25. What mainly helped the author get through hard times after her mom’s death? A. The company of her friends. B. The inspiration from her mom. C. The pleasure in going for a run. D. The success in organizing an event. 26. Which of the words can best describe the author’s mom? A. Considerate and polite. B. Brave and humorous. C. Strong-willed and caring. D. Outgoing and patient. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Every cloud has a silver lining. B. Where there is a will, there is a way. C. Actions speak louder than words. D. Love remembered gives strength to go on. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在母亲因癌症去世后，通过参加公益跑步比赛走出悲痛，在奔跑中获得前行力量的故事。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It seemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that had taken my mother away from me. (这触动了我的内心深处，因为正是癌症夺走了我的母亲。)”可知，作者一开始忽略邮件是因为这让她想起了母亲的离世。故选D项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was the type who never got defeated. It was this very spirit that helped me get by. (她是那种永不言败的人。正是这种精神帮助我撑了过来。)”可知，来自母亲的精神鼓舞帮助作者度过了母亲去世后的艰难时光。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She was the type who never got defeated. (她是那种永不言败的人。)”以及第六段中的“I don’t want you to feel guilty about anything. (我不想让你为任何事感到愧疚。)”可知，母亲意志坚强且体贴关心孩子。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on. Crossing the finish line, I was filled with her love and a sense of peace. (跑步时，每当我想放慢脚步，就想象她在为我加油。冲过终点线时，我满怀着她的爱与内心的平静。)”可知，被铭记的爱给予了作者继续前行的力量。故选D项。 C Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers. Citation cartels, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire (密谋) to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, another expression of this predatory (掠夺性的) behavior has emerged: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to-journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles. The appearance of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers. In some instances, there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations. The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all — it is just providing citations to other journals. Such practices can lead an article to accumulate more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published. How insidious (不易觉察的) is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual — acting as author, editor, and consultant — was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation. Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this misconduct. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to distance themselves from citation cartel activities: when an editor, a reviewer, or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal. 28. According to Paragraph 1, the careers of scientists can be determined by ________. A. how many citations their works contain B. how many times their papers are cited C. the prestige of the people they work with D. the status they have in scientific circles 29. The metaphor of “milk cow” in Paragraph 3 is used to ________. A. make a comparison B. illustrate a situation C. propose a solution D. highlight a problem 30. What does the underlined word “rampant” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Urgent. B. Complex. C. Occasional. D. Severe. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学论文引用操控现象及其影响。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.(科学家的职业生涯以及其所在机构的声誉都取决于他们所发表论文的数量和声誉，但更重要的是这些论文所吸引的引用次数。)”可知，科学家的职业生涯由他们的论文被引用了多少次决定，故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The appearance of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers.(电子出版的出现以及作者们为自己的论文寻找发表渠道的需求，催生了成千上万的新期刊。与此同时，一些“掠夺性期刊”的诞生也不远了。这些期刊可以被视为“奶牛”，每期中的每一篇论文都可能引用特定的一篇或几篇论文。)”可知，第三段中“奶牛”这一比喻的用意是强调一个问题——每期中的每一篇论文都可能引用特定的一篇或几篇论文。故选D。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“How insidious (不易觉察的) is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual— acting as author, editor, and consultant— was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities.(这种引用操纵（行为）的隐蔽性有多强？有一个例子可以说明：某个人同时扮演作者、编辑和顾问的角色，竟能利用至少15种期刊作为“引用来源”，为三所大学里五位科学家发表的论文提供引用。)”和“Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals(Scopus是一个引文数据库，其中收录了大量新兴“国际”期刊。)”可知，Scopus是一个引用数据库，引用操纵问题在Scopus数据库中很泛滥。rampant意为“泛滥的，猖獗的”，和Severe意思相近。故选D。 D Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper implications. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves. In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic prescription is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries (中间人) in people's consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. In one sense, this is helpful. After all, machines can survey a wider range of choices than any individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own. At the same time, though, this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what they’ve preferred in the past. We think there is some risk that people's options will be constrained by their past in a new and unanticipated way. As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on more extensive data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become utterly predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. Algorithms could soon — if they don’t already — have a better idea about which show you’d like to watch next and which job candidate you should hire than you do. One day, humans may even find a way for machines to make these decisions without some of the biases that humans typically display. But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. 31. What do we learn about the deeper implications of AI? A. It enables people to use innovations to control the environment. B. It increases people’s access to information and entertainment. C. It changes how humans make choices and understand themselves. D. It mainly causes catastrophic levels of unemployment. 32. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines? A. Consumers will have much limited choice. B. Consumers will actually enjoy better luck. C. It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy. D. Humans will develop tastes similar to machines. 33. What is the author’s attitude toward the growing predictability brought by AI? A. Unconcerned. B. Cautious. C. Supportive. D. Skeptical. 34. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Technology Shapes Humanity. B. The Age of Algorithmic Living. C. Smarter Machines, Better Decisions. D. When Prediction Replaces Judgment. 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人工智能对人类的影响，包括对人类选择能力和自我认知的改变，以及推荐引擎带来的影响和人工智能带来的可预测性所引发的问题。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. (随着人工智能越来越多地塑造人类体验，这如何改变作为人类的意义？问题的核心是一个人做出选择的能力，特别是具有道德意义的判断。)”可知，人工智能的更深层次影响是它改变了人类做出选择和理解自己的方式。故选C。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. (推荐算法作为人们文化消费中日益普遍的中介，可能会起到限制选择、减少偶然性的作用。)”可知，推荐引擎的应用越来越多可能会导致消费者的选择将受到很大限制。故选A。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. (但是，就不可预测性是人们理解自己的一部分，也是人们喜欢自己的一部分而言，人类正在失去一些重要的东西。随着它们变得越来越可预测，居住在日益由人工智能主导的世界中的生物将变得越来越不像我们。)”可知，作者对人工智能带来的日益可预测性持谨慎态度。故选B。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要探讨了人工智能对人类的影响，特别是它如何改变人类的决策过程和自我认知。文章指出，随着人工智能越来越多地介入人类生活，人类的决策过程变得越来越可预测，这在一定程度上剥夺了人类做出自主判断的能力。文章最后提到，这种可预测性可能会使人类失去一些重要的东西，使人类变得越来越不像自己。因此，选项D“当预测取代判断时”最能概括文章的主题。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many of us set goals, but sometimes we fail to achieve them. There are many causes why we don’t manage to realize our goals.____35____There is a way, though, to help address this problem: set reminders. People employ a psychological strategy called cognitive (认知的) offloading, where we use a physical action to reduce demands on our brain. Specifically, we may outsource our intentions from being stored in our brains to reminders outside our head.____36____ Understanding the benefits of cognitive offloading can improve our ability to remember and follow through with our intentions. The biggest benefit is simply that it improves memory performance. It increases the probability that we will work towards the goals we need to reach. ____37____“The more we offload unimportant information, such as items on a shopping list, the more we can use our brain for those more significant cognitive tasks, such as creativity,” said Sam Gilbert, professor at the University College London. ____38____Still, there are potential negative parts for it. We are more likely to forget what we offloaded if we no longer access our storage, such as when our smartphone dies. We also tend to offload the important things we most want to remember. In a surprise test where their reminders were wiped clean, the participants were more likely to forget the important items and recall the unimportant ones, that is, the more important the intention we want to remember, the more likely we are to offload it—and to forget it. We’d better tend to create reminders when we think we need them, but not necessarily when we do need them. ____39____“If our understanding of our memory ability is wrong, this suggests that we will either overuse or underuse reminders,” Gilbert said. “We can learn by noticing the times that we have forgotten to do something and could have used reminders to help.” A. Cognitive offloading has noticeable benefits. B. One common reason is that we simply forget them. C. Besides, it can free up our limited cognitive resources. D. A good example can be documents on our smartphone calendars. E. The process of cognitive offloading helps us identify false information. F. Our beliefs about how good our memory is directly influence whether we set them. G. Other experts say it’s too soon to understand how cognitive offloading affects our brains. 【答案】35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了认知卸载的好处和坏处，以及什么时候创建提醒。 【35题详解】 根据前文“There are many causes why we don’t manage to realize our goals.(我们无法实现目标的原因有很多)”可知，此处是说明无法实现目标的原因，所以B项“One common reason is that we simply forget them.(一个常见的原因是我们只是忘记了它们)”符合主题，并引出下文“There is a way, though, to help address this problem: set reminders.(不过，有一个方法可以帮助解决这个问题：设置提醒)”。故选B项。 【36题详解】 根据前文“People employ a psychological strategy called cognitive (认知的) offloading, where we use a physical action to reduce demands on our brain. Specifically, we may outsource our intentions from being stored in our brains to reminders outside our head.(人们采用一种叫做认知卸载的心理策略，即我们用身体动作来减少对大脑的需求。具体来说，我们可能会把我们的意图从储存在大脑里外包给大脑外的提醒)”可知，此处讲述了设置提醒具体方法，所以D项“A good example can be documents on our smartphone calendars.(一个很好的例子就是我们智能手机日历上的文档)”是对此方法的具体举例，符合文意。故选D项。 【37题详解】 根据前文“Understanding the benefits of cognitive offloading can improve our ability to remember and follow through with our intentions. The biggest benefit is simply that it improves memory performance. It increases the probability that we will work towards the goals we need to reach.(了解认知卸载的好处可以提高我们的记忆能力和贯彻我们的意图的能力。最大的好处就是提高了记忆性能。它增加了我们朝着我们需要达到的目标努力的可能性)”可知，此处在讲述了解认知卸载的好处，根据后文““The more we offload unimportant information, such as items on a shopping list, the more we can use our brain for those more significant cognitive tasks, such as creativity,” said Sam Gilbert, professor at the University College London.(伦敦大学学院的教授山姆·吉尔伯特说：“我们越不去想那些不重要的信息，比如购物清单上的东西，我们就越能把大脑用于那些更重要的认知任务，比如创造力。”)”是在讲述另一个好处，所以空处应是C项“Besides, it can free up our limited cognitive resources.(此外，它可以释放我们有限的认知资源)”符合文意，描述另一个好处，引出下文。故选C项。 【38题详解】 分析设空，位于段首，根据后文“Still, there are potential negative parts for it.(不过，它也有潜在的负面影响)”可知，空处应是承上启下的作用，由上文介绍好处，转到讲述缺点，所以A项“Cognitive offloading has noticeable benefits.(认知卸载有明显的好处)”符合文意，承接上文，并和后文构成转折关系。故选A项。 【39题详解】 根据前文“We’d better tend to create reminders when we think we need them, but not necessarily when we do need them.(当我们认为我们需要提醒时，我们最好创建提醒，但不一定是在我们确实需要的时候)”以及后文““If our understanding of our memory ability is wrong, this suggests that we will either overuse or underuse reminders,” Gilbert said.(吉尔伯特说：“如果我们对记忆能力的理解是错误的，这表明我们要么过度使用提醒，要么使用不足。”)”可知，空处应是过渡句，所以F项“Our beliefs about how good our memory is directly influence whether we set them.(我们对自己记忆力好坏的看法直接影响到我们是否能记好)”是对前文的进一步说明，并引出下文。故选F项。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 40. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 43. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative. 41. Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 42. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 43. Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了批评对我们的影响及我们应如何正确地对待批评。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative.(幸运的是，我们每个人都可以改变我们给予和接受批评的方式，这将使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈)”可知，改变我们给予和接受批评的方式会使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈。故答案为We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage.(让我们烦恼的是负面的批评，即使是善意的所谓建设性的批评，也意味着提供指导，让我们提高。最糟糕的是破坏性的批评，它的目的是造成伤害或破坏)”可知，建设性的批评是指提供指导，使我们能够改进，而破坏性的批评旨在造成伤害或损害。故答案为Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段“Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks.(第二，我们倾向于认为批评是对我们天生能力的判断，而不是对我们的表现的判断。有趣的是，研究表明，即使是在年幼的孩子中，将批评视为对一个人能力的判断，也会导致自我价值降低、积极情绪降低、任务坚持度降低)”可推知，接受批评的孩子自我价值较低，因为他们把批评当成对自己能力的评判，而不是表现得判断。故答案为Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance./They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 【43题详解】 开放性试题。根据文章最后一段“If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off.(如果我们努力学习接受负面反馈，我们就会变得更好)”可知，学习接受负面反馈能帮助我们更容易抵制愤怒，同时更正确地进行批评。此外，接受负面反馈还能帮助我们正确地看待自己的不足，纠正错误并提高自己。故答案为Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校即将于3月20日举办主题为“传承·奋进(Inheritance and Forging Ahead)”的80周年校庆活动，请你用英文给你班交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加，内容包括： 1.活动的时间和地点；2.活动内容。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】例文 I am writing to sincerely invite you to the 80th anniversary celebration of our school. Under the theme “Inheritance and Forging Ahead”, the event will take place in the school auditorium at 9:00 a.m. on March 20. The celebration will feature a series of wonderful activities. The opening ceremony will begin with the principal’s speech, reviewing the school’s eighty-year history and envisioning its promising future. Distinguished alumni will then share their academic and life experiences, offering valuable insights. We will also appreciate a photo exhibition showcasing the school’s evolution, followed by splendid performances such as traditional folk dances, English dramas and an inspiring chorus. I will be very happy to have you present for this memorable occasion. Looking forward to your favorable reply. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以红星中学高三学生李华的身份，给班内交换生Jim写邮件，邀请他参加学校3月20日举办的、主题为“传承·奋进”的80周年校庆活动，内容包括活动的时间、地点和具体内容。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 诚挚地：sincerely→earnestly 活动：activity→event 回顾：review→look back on 杰出的：distinguished→outstanding 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The opening ceremony will begin with the principal’s speech, reviewing the school’s eighty-year history and envisioning its promising future. 拓展句：The opening ceremony will begin with the principal’s speech, which reviews the school’s eighty-year history and envisions its promising future. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Distinguished alumni will then share their academic and life experiences, offering valuable insights.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】We will also appreciate a photo exhibition showcasing the school’s evolution, followed by splendid performances such as traditional folk dances, English dramas and an inspiring chorus.（运用了现在分词短语作定语和过去分词短语作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $