精品解析：北京市第一零一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期统练五英语试题

高三英语 统练五 2025.11.18 (满分80分) 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Back in 2008, I was teaching Concepts of Fitness in a high school. At the end of one class, I chatted with David Gale, a senior high jumper, about how to improve his ____1____ and how motivation played an important role in one’s achievement. He, out of the blue, asked me what would happen if he broke the school record. Not ____2____ of his passion and determination, I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom. He was very excited and suggested that I go purchase the paint. Nothing more was mentioned about the ____3____ until two weeks later, the young warrior ran into the classroom with a huge smile on his face. “I did it! I broke the record!” he shouted as I was still gathering information to ____4____ what I had promised him. I joined in with the high-fives and fist bumps ____5____ him. The next day, it was done! G-A-L-E. Huge blue letters with white edges, the school colors. I could see his excitement even surpassed the success itself. Actually, his coach said the wall was part of the ____6____ to break the record. What happened next was totally amazing. Many students, even from other classes, saw the name on the wall and ____7____ how they, too, could be considered for the wall. With the enormous ____8____, I had to add more names to the wall, and more than 100 names appeared there in the following 10 years. Many folks admitted they would not have ____9____ what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward. More importantly, all those who stepped far beyond their comfort zone helped set the ____10____ higher. 1. A. health B. performance C. talent D. knowledge 2. A. proud B. afraid C. certain D. fond 3. A. promise B. record C. suggestion D. news 4. A. describe B. recall C. explain D. picture 5. A. encouraging B. admiring C. congratulating D. greeting 6. A. excitement B. confidence C. creativity D. motivation 7. A. inquired B. expected C. insisted D. doubted 8. A. effort B. experience C. stress D. response 9. A. adjusted B. achieved C. examined D. displayed 10. A. pace B. stage C. bar D. tone 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者在一所高中教健身概念，一次在与一名高级跳高运动员David Gale的交谈中，作者承诺他如果他打破学校记录，作者会将他的名字写在墙上，随后David Gale打破了记录，作者也信守承诺将他的名字写在墙上。随后更多学生以将自己的名字写在墙上为动力取得了很多成就。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一节课结束时，我与一位高级跳高运动员大卫·盖尔（David Gale）聊了聊如何提高他的表现并且聊了动机如何在一个人的成就中发挥重要作用。A. health健康；B. performance表演；表现；C. talent天赋；D. knowledge知识。由上文“Back in 2008, I was teaching Concepts of Fitness in a high school.”可知，作者在一所高中教健身概念，应该是和这位高级跳高运动员讨论如何提高他的表现。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不确定他的热情和决心，停顿了一会儿，但随后答应我会把他的名字写在我们教室的墙上。A. proud骄傲的；B. afraid害怕的；C. certain确定的；D. fond喜欢的。由下文“I paused for a moment,”可知，作者停顿了一会是因为不确定这名学生想打破学校记录的这种热情和决心有多大，故选C。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于这个承诺，没有再多说什么，直到两周后，这位年轻的战士脸上带着灿烂的笑容跑进了教室。A. promise承诺；B. record记录；C. suggestion建议；D. news新闻。上文“I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom”提到作者答应将David Gale的名字写在墙上，由此可知，此处指关于这个承诺，没有再多说什么，promise是同词复现，故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我做到了！我打破了纪录！”当我仍在收集信息以回忆我对他的承诺时，他喊道。A. describe描写；B. recall回想；C. explain解释；D. picture设想。第二段中“I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom.”提到之前作者答应这名学生如果他打破了学校记录作者会把他的名字写在墙上，所以当他说自己打破记录时，作者在回想自己对他说过的这一承诺，故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和他一起击掌庆祝。A. encouraging鼓励；B. admiring钦佩；C. congratulating祝贺；D. greeting打招呼。由上文““I did it! I broke the record!””和“I joined in with the high-fives and fist bumps”可知，当David Gale说自己打破学校记录时，作者和他击掌祝贺他打破记录，故选C。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他的教练说，这面墙是打破纪录的动力之一。A. excitement兴奋；B. confidence自信；C. creativity创造力；D. motivation动机。由第一段提到的“how motivation played an important role in one’s achievement”和下文“Many folks admitted they would not have_________what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward.”可知，这面墙给了很多人鼓励，是他们取得成功的动力，由此可知，此处指这面墙是David Gale打破学校记录的动力之一，故选D。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多学生，甚至是其他班级的学生，看到墙上的名字，询问如何也可以考虑将他们列入墙上。A. inquired询问；B. expected期待；C. insisted坚持；D. doubted怀疑。由上文“Many students, even from other classes, saw the name on the wall”可知，其他班级的学生看到墙上的姓名后，询问该如何能将自己的名词也写在墙上，故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于反响巨大，我不得不在墙上添加更多的名字，在接下来的十年里，墙上出现了100多个名字。A. fort堡垒；B. experience经验；C. stress压力；D. response回复；反响。由下文“I had to add more names to the wall, and more than 100 names appeared there in the following 10 years.”可知，墙上有了更多名字，这说明更多人愿意将自己的名字写在墙上，即这件事反响很大，故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人承认，如果没有这面墙作为奖励，他们就不会取得今天的成就。A. adjusted调整；B. achieved实现；C. examined检查；D. displayed展示。由下文“what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward”和上文提到的David Gale了打破学校记录后作者将他的名字写在墙上，由此可知，取得成就的人可以将名字写在墙上，故此处指没有这面墙作为奖励，那些名字写在墙上的人就不会取得今天的成就，故选B。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，所有走出舒适区的人都提高了标准。A. pace步伐；B. stage舞台；C. bar酒吧，障碍，限制；D. tone语气。由上文“More importantly, all those who stepped far beyond their comfort zone helped set the”以及上文提到的许多人以这面墙作为奖励，取得了很多成就可知，这些取得成就的人走出舒适区，设立了更高的标准，取得了成就，set the bar固定搭配，意为“设定标准或期望”，故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Our school library, which has served students for over 20 years, is more than just a place for books. It also provides a quiet environment for students to concentrate on their studies. It holds thousands of volumes, including many classic novels ____11____ (translate) into multiple languages. What attracts the students most is a special corner in the library, displaying student artworks, ____12____ themes focus on our school life. The number of students using the library ____13____ (increase) steadily since last semester, and this beloved space continues to support our learning journey every day. 【答案】11. translated 12. whose 13. has increased 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了学校图书馆已服务学生20余年，不仅藏有数千册书籍（含多语言译本经典小说），还提供安静的学习环境与展示校园生活主题学生作品的艺术角。自上学期起，使用人数稳步增长，始终助力学生的学习之旅。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它藏有数千册图书，其中包括许多被译成多种语言的经典小说。此处translate与novel构成被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填translated。 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最吸引学生的是图书馆里一个特别的角落，那里展示着学生们的艺术作品，其主题都围绕着我们的校园生活。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词corner，关系词在从句作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 【13题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自上学期以来，使用图书馆的学生人数稳步上升，这个深受喜爱的空间每天都在助力我们的学习之旅。根据后文since last semester可知，应用现在完成时，主语为The number of students，助动词用has。故填has increased。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Double Ninth Festival ____14____ (fall) on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month. Dating back to ancient harvest ____15____ (ceremony), it became an official festival in the Tang Dynasty. ____16____ (tradition), people climb mountains for blessings, wear dogwood to ward off evil, and drink chrysanthemum wine to promote longevity. In 1989, it was named “Senior Citizens’ Day” to inherit the culture of respecting the elderly. Today, ____17____ (combine) activities like chrysanthemum appreciation and free medical consultations, it highlights Chinese filial piety and reverence (孝道与敬畏) for life. 【答案】14. falls 15. ceremonies 16. Traditionally 17. combining 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了重阳节的时间、起源、传统习俗及现代意义，展现了其蕴含的敬老与孝道文化。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：重阳节在农历九月初九。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，空前主语是单数，谓语动词用falls。故填falls。 【15题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：它可追溯至古代的丰收仪式，在唐代成为官方节日。此处指古代的丰收仪式，不止一种，应用可数名词ceremony的复数形式ceremonies，作宾语。故填ceremonies。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统上，人们登山祈福、插茱萸辟邪、饮菊花酒延年益寿。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词traditionally“传统上”，作状语，句首单词，首字母应大写。故填Traditionally。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，结合赏菊、免费义诊等活动，它凸显了中国的孝道与对生命的敬畏。逗号后是主句，it指代重阳节，此处应是现在分词短语combining activities，作状语，表示“通过结合这些活动，重阳节凸显了”。故填combining。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Under a clear autumn sky on November 2, 2025, the Beijing Marathon kicked off at Tiananmen Square at 7:30 a.m., which drew 32,000 runners from 56 countries. The optimized route led athletes past iconic landmarks, including the “Ice Ribbon”, Bird’s Nest, and Water Cube, while volunteers at 28 aid stations ____18____ (offer) energy gels, electrolyte drinks, and ice towels. Ethiopian runner Haile Gebrselassie, a two-time Olympic champion, won the men’s title in 2:08:10, breaking the course record ____19____ 15 seconds. What inspired us the most was ____20____ 4,700 + runners finished under 3 hours, emphasizing the event’s role in promoting grassroots sports participation. 【答案】18. offered 19. by 20. that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了2025年11月2日，北京马拉松在天安门广场开赛，3.2万名多国选手参赛，路线经多个地标，志愿者提供补给，埃塞俄比亚选手破纪录，超4700人3小时内完赛，助力草根体育参与。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：优化后的路线让运动员们能够依次经过一些标志性景点，比如“冰丝带”、鸟巢和水立方，同时在28个补给站里，志愿者们提供了能量胶、电解质饮料和冰毛巾等物资。句子描述过去的动作用一般过去时。故填offered。 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：埃塞俄比亚选手海尔·格布雷塞拉西是两届奥运会冠军得主，他以2小时08分10秒的成绩赢得了男子组冠军，打破了赛会纪录15秒之多。表示“打破纪录的幅度”时，用介词 by + 数量词，意为“以……之差”。故填by。 【20题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：最让我们深受鼓舞的是，有4700多名选手在3小时内完成了比赛，这凸显了该赛事在促进基层体育参与方面的重要作用。空处引导表语从句，且从句不缺成分、语义完整，需用that引导。故填that。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Pacific Science Center fieldtrips have gone virtual! Bring the fun and excitement of a PacSci fieldtrip to your students while engaging them with enriching content designed to enhance your curriculum (课程) and arouse their curiosity. PacSci’s educators join your classroom live from our Curiosity Studio, and lead students through live sessions featuring some of your favorite STEAM activities. Each program is 40 minutes long. We may be able to accommodate shorter or longer programs to fit your needs! AVAILABLE PROGRAMS Piece of Mind Cost: $ 300 Maximum Number of Participants: 40 Best for Grades: 6-10 Description: Be inspired by the power of the brain as students learn how it controls memory, movement, and sight. Discover how the brain functions through live activities and fun puzzles, and see a real human brain sample! Stick the Landing Cost: $500 (includes 3 sessions) Maximum Number of Participants: 30 Best for Grades: 9-12 Description: Over the course of 3 sessions, use the steps of the engineering design process to build a model of a Mar slander. Dive into past and future missions to Mars and carefully consider the criteria and restrictions for real Mars missions. Learn how engineers are just one of the many careers that contribute to complex solar system missions. Night Sky Tonight Cost Varies by Group Size ·1-99 participants: $ 250 ·100-199 participants: $ 350 ·200+participants: $550 Maximum Number of Participants: Unlimited Best for Grades: 3-12 Description: Become a true backyard astronomer. Learn how living on a giant spinning ball changes what can be seen each night. Discover how to find stars, and even how the sky can be used to find directions! Ecosystem Investigators Cost: $ 200 Maximum Number of Participants: 50 Best for Grades: 3-8 Description: Work as a team to create a virtual ecosystem model revealing how living and non-living parts connect and interact in an aquatic (水生的) environment. Using new knowledge about ecosystem interactions, become a wetland scientist and explore the relationship between organisms in a real pond sample. For more details, please check out our Program Requirements. 21. What can we learn about Pacific Science Center fieldtrips? A. Each program is for one certain grade. B. The expense for each program varies. C. The length for each program is unchangeable. D. Every program has a max number of participants. 22. Cooperation is needed in the program . A. Piece of Mind B. Stick the Landing C. Nigh tSky Tonight D. Ecosystem Investigators 23. The passage is intended for . A. tour guides B. research scientists C. school teachers D. program designers 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是太平洋科学中心的课程的一些程序。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据每一个程序中的介绍中的“Cost: $ 300(费用：300美元)”，“Cost: $500(费用：$500)”，“Cost Varies by Group Size·1-99 participants: $ 250·100-199 participants: $ 350·200+participants: $550(费用因团队规模而异·1-99人：250美元·100-199人：350美元·200人以上：550美元)”，“Cost: $ 200(费用：200美元)”可知，这些程序的费用各不相同，故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ecosystem Investigators部分的“Work as a team to create a virtual ecosystem model revealing how living and non-living parts connect and interact in an aquatic (水生的) environment.(作为一个团队，创建一个虚拟的生态系统模型，揭示生物和非生物部分如何在水生环境中连接和相互作用)”可知，需要合作的程序是Ecosystem Investigators，故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Bring the fun and excitement of a PacSci fieldtrip to your students while engaging them with enriching content designed to enhance your curriculum (课程) and arouse their curiosity.(为您的学生带来PacSci实地考察的乐趣和兴奋，同时为他们提供丰富的课程内容，以增强您的课程并激发他们的好奇心)”可知，本文是给老师写的，故选C。 B I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground. I did not know how to deal with a rebellious (叛逆的) teenager. We are a family of strong wills, from the top down. All my kids had pushed and argued. Everyone “kind of” followed the rules. As they got older, especially when they hit high school, I saw the power shifting, but it hadn’t been so obvious. I had not seen much in-your-face rebellion. Until this happened. I called Amy Speidel, a wise and practical parenting expert. She stayed on the phone with me and listened to my wild complaint about my disrespectful kid. She listened for almost two hours and then gave me some suggestions. Amy told me that my daughter’s behavior was “developmentally appropriate”-she was supposed to test the boundaries. Amy also said that it was great that my daughter would be able to stand up for herself in a relationship that wasn’t working. Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will. After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. But I listened to Amy and here’s what I learned. 1. My daughter’s behavior was normal. That eased my fears that I had raised a terrible human and failed as a mother. 2. My daughter’s strong personality was a strength. That revelation was a huge gift. I value her qualities but don’t want them used against me. I will soften my response and listen to her. 3. I went crazy. In fact, I crossed a line. And that happens. But I learned to apologize and reset so that we could move forward. My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter. 24. What is the actual reason the author had a fight with her daughter? A. The daughter wouldn’t give her the keys. B. The daughter didn’t come back until 11 pm. C. The daughter insisted on going out late at night. D. The daughter wanted to go to the movies with friends. 25. The comments made the author feel “awful” because_______. A. she had helped her daughter to test boundaries B. she didn’t treasure the mother-daughter relationship C. she thought Amy was criticizing her daughter’s upbringing D. she hadn’t noticed the desirable aspects of her daughter’s behavior 26. After the phone call, the author learned that ______. A. her daughter’s strong character should be softened B. she should constructively deal with conflict C. her daughter should control her behavior D. she should admit her failure as a mother 27. According to Amy, what should the author say if the same situation happens again? A. “Do you really think you can just walk out the door like that?” B. “It’s not safe to be out so late. What about tomorrow afternoon?” C. “It doesn’t matter whether you go out or not. I will support you.” D. “You have been disrespectful and can’t go out tonight. Is that clear?” 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者和自己的女儿发生冲突后，和育儿专家通话后改变原来的处理冲突的方式，希望能改善和女儿的关系。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground. (我因为钥匙把她摔在地上，真的。事实上，当她不顾我的话，在晚上11点开门离开家去看电影时，我把我16岁的女儿摔倒在地)”可知，作者和女儿吵架的真正原因是因为女儿坚持深夜外出。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will. (那些评论真的让我感觉很糟糕。我没有考虑过她的行为有什么积极的方面——但除了我们母女的关系，我从来不想贬低我女儿坚强的意志)”可知，这些评论让作者感到“糟糕”，是因为作者没有注意到女儿行为中积极的方面，也就是令人满意的方面。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段“After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. (在和艾米交谈之后，我意识到我才是那个需要帮助来理解纪律和控制的人。老实说，我确实讨厌责任落在我身上。我想要被允许尖叫和惩罚)”可推知，通过电话，作者了解到她应该建设性地处理冲突，故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter. (因此，我的工作是学习新的回应，为我的女儿提供选择和现实的后果，而不是空洞的威胁。希望这能改变我和女儿的关系)”可推知，在重新处理同样的情况时，作者应该会把深夜离家的后果——不安全告诉女儿，并且让她选择一个其他时间出门。故选B。 C A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true? Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism. In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world? If — like us — the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality. Similarly the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality. The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional expectation for a theory of nature, nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe. 28. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. The need for a complete theory. B. The lasting conflict in physics. C. The existence of the material world. D. The conventional insight of reality. 29. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered. B. An external world is independent of the observers. C. People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints. D. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better. 30. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed B. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory C. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world D. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。以意大利蒙扎市禁止用弧形鱼缸养金鱼的政策为切入点，探讨了“我们感知的现实是否为客观真实”的哲学与物理学问题，提出不同视角下可能存在多元现实的观点。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism. (大多数人相信客观现实存在，我们的感官和科学能直接传递物质世界的信息。在哲学中，这种信念被称为实在论)”可知，该段主要介绍了关于“现实”的传统认知(即实在论)。故选D项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. (例如，由于光从空气进入水中会发生折射，我们观察到沿直线运动的物体，在金鱼眼中会沿曲线运动)”以及“The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame of reference (金鱼可以从它们的参照系中总结科学规律)”可知，不同视角会影响人们构建的理论。故选C项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. (现在看来，这种追求可能产生的不是一个单一的理论，而是一系列相互关联的理论，每一个理论都描述它自己版本的真实，就好像每一种理论都透过它自己的鱼缸来看宇宙)”、最后一段“The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. (金鱼的例子表明，同一个物理情境可以用不同的方式建模，每一种方式都使用不同的基本元素和概念。也许要描述宇宙，我们必须在不同情境中使用不同的理论)”以及通读全文可知，作者承认目前物理学界存在“多重现实”的理论视角，以“鱼缸”为隐喻，指出同一物理情境可用不同方式建模，暗示多种理论并存的现实。说明作者认可对宇宙的多种解读。故选A项。 D The idea that we need to eat meat to get enough protein and iron, a false assumption of some Paleo diet (原始饮食) advocates, is a common misconception. It ignores the abundance of protein and iron in many plant-based foods such as nuts and seeds. Likewise, while we typically associate omega-3 fatty acids with fish, fish themselves incorporate these into their tissue by eating seaweed, which we can consume directly without the concerns of exposure to microplastics in fish flesh. Indeed, a whole-food, plant-based diet can provide all essential nutrients except for vitamin B12, made by bacteria in soil and ingested by animals, thereby incorporated into their tissue, milk, and eggs. While modern sanitation allows humans to consume clean produce unpolluted by dirt, we can easily and cheaply obtain oral B12 supplements. Evidently, significantly reducing our consumption of meat would carry vast benefits. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death around the world. Eating highly processed foods and red meat has been repeatedly demonstrated to promote underlying mechanisms of cancer and cardiovascular disease, such as inflammation (炎症) and damage to the lining of blood vessels (血管). Mounting evidence points to the benefits of a whole-food, plant-based diet. Studies from 2017found that a vegetarian diet is associated with a 25 percent relative risk reduction for coronary heart disease and an 8 percent relative risk reduction for cancer, with a vegan diet related to a 15 percent relative risk reduction for cancer. The World Health Organization has classified processed meat as carcinogenic (致癌的), and (unprocessed) red meat as probably carcinogenic to humans. In addition to harming ourselves, eating meat harms others. Factory farming practices often entail unspeakable cruelty to animals, and working conditions for human laborers are often unsafe and inhumane as well. Overcrowding of livestock and workers promotes the spread of disease among both people and animals, putting us all at risk for future pandemics. The overuse of “routine” antibiotics (抗生素) to accelerate animal growth and precautiously treat the infections anticipated as a result of living in unclean and overcrowded conditions can promote antibiotic resistance. While large-scale, well-coordinated national and international action is undoubtedly needed to fight unscrupulous factory farming practices-and to ensure the availability of nutritious and healthy food for all citizens, those with greater influence, such as physicians, educators and policy makers, should consider the importance of acting as role models for healthy behaviors themselves as well as advocating for policies that ensure better nutritional access and education for others. All of these should not be excuses for individuals to resist implementing change in their own lives and communities. Societies change when enough individuals within them alter their behavior, and it is up to each of us to act as a change agent in whatever capacity we can. We would all be well served to pull this lever in our own lives as well. 31. The author writes the first two paragraphs mainly to ________. A. show the concerns of Paleo diet advocates B. compare the differences between two diets C. highlight the importance of nutrition intake D. point out a misunderstanding in nutrition source 32. Which of the following logic chains is reasonable according to the passage? A. B. C. D. 33. What does the underlined word “unscrupulous” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Illegal. B. Unfair. C. Immoral. D. Unnecessary. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. A Meatless Diet Is Better for You B. Food Problems Call for Joint Efforts C. Say No to Processed Meat Consumption D. Eatable Greens or Not? That Is a Question 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. C 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。需要吃肉才能获得足够的蛋白质和铁这是错误的观点，实际上，植物性饮食可以提供人们所需的营养。文章主要介绍了无肉饮食对人们更好。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The idea that we need to eat meat to get enough protein and iron, a false assumption of some Paleo diet (原始饮食) advocates, is a common misconception. It ignores the abundance of protein and iron in many plant-based foods such as nuts and seeds. (我们需要吃肉才能获得足够蛋白质和铁，这是一些原始饮食倡导者的错误假设，是一种常见的误解。它忽略了许多植物性食品（如坚果和种子）中丰富的蛋白质和铁。)”和第二段中“Indeed, a whole-food, plant-based diet can provide all essential nutrients except for vitamin B12, made by bacteria in soil and ingested by animals, thereby incorporated into their tissue, milk, and eggs.(事实上，全食物、植物性饮食可以提供除维生素B12之外的所有必需营养素，维生素B12由土壤中的细菌产生并被动物摄入，从而融入其组织、牛奶和鸡蛋中。)”可知，第一段作者指出了营养来源的一个误区——需要吃肉才能获得足够的蛋白质和铁，接着第二段作者指出植物性饮食可以提供除维生素B12之外的所有必需营养素这样一个事实，从而解释了人们所认为的营养来源的误区，由此可推知，作者写前两段主要是为了指出营养来源的一个误区，故选D。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Overcrowding of livestock and workers promotes the spread of disease among both people and animals, putting us all at risk for future pandemics. The overuse of “routine” antibiotics (抗生素) to accelerate animal growth and precautiously treat the infections anticipated as a result of living in unclean and overcrowded conditions can promote antibiotic resistance.(牲畜和工人过度拥挤会促进疾病在人和动物之间的传播，使我们所有人都面临未来流行病的风险。过度使用“常规”抗生素来加速动物生长并谨慎治疗因生活在不清洁和过度拥挤的环境中而导致的感染可能会促进抗生素耐药性。)”可知，过度拥挤的条件促进疾病的传播，这导致过度使用抗生素来治疗，而过度使用抗生素会促进抗生素耐药性，故选D。 【33题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Factory farming practices often entail unspeakable cruelty to animals, and working conditions for human laborers are often unsafe and inhumane as well.(工厂化养殖方式往往对动物造成难以言表的残忍，而人类劳工的工作条件也往往不安全和不人道。)”和划线单词前面的“fight(打击)”可知，工厂养殖化方式对动物造成难以言表的残忍，而人类劳工的工作条件也往往不安全和不人道，由此可知，需要采取大规模、协调一致的国家和国际行动来打击不道德的工厂化养殖做法，划线单词unscrupulous与上文“inhumane”意思一样，意为“不道德的”，与C项“Immoral.(不道德的)”意思一样，故选C。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中“The idea that we need to eat meat to get enough protein and iron, a false assumption of some Paleo diet (原始饮食) advocates, is a common misconception. It ignores the abundance of protein and iron in many plant-based foods such as nuts and seeds. (我们需要吃肉才能获得足够蛋白质和铁，这是一些原始饮食倡导者的错误假设，是一种常见的误解。它忽略了许多植物性食品（如坚果和种子）中丰富的蛋白质和铁。)”和第二段中“Indeed, a whole-food, plant-based diet can provide all essential nutrients except for vitamin B12, made by bacteria in soil and ingested by animals, thereby incorporated into their tissue, milk, and eggs.(事实上，全食物、植物性饮食可以提供除维生素B12之外的所有必需营养素，维生素B12由土壤中的细菌产生并被动物摄入，从而融入其组织、牛奶和鸡蛋中。)”，第三段中“Evidently, significantly reducing our consumption of meat would carry vast benefits.(显然，大幅减少肉类消费会带来巨大的好处。)”和第四段中“Mounting evidence points to the benefits of a whole-food, plant-based diet. (越来越多的证据表明全食物、植物性饮食的好处。)”可知，文章主要介绍了需要吃肉才能获得足够的蛋白质和铁这是错误的观点，实际上无肉饮食对人们更好，A项“无肉饮食对你更好”适合作文章标题，故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(E = AB, F = AC, G = AD) When you go to concerts, you expect your favorite musician to perform amazingly on stage. But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. ____35____ The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose. Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration. ____36____ Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance. They’re often subconscious-in fact, many of us will pull strange faces when we’re deeply involved in an activity we care about. ____37____Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. While facial expressions may not directly make someone a better musician, they might contribute to the overall artistry of the music. Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing. ____38____ The facial expressions obviously to some extent express the performer’s inner world. Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization. ____39____However, it’s important to note that this relationship is still not well understood, and the extent to which facial expressions directly impact musical competence is a subject of ongoing investigation. A. When you’re really focused, you don’t care about the outside world. B. Among them the part of the body that best exhibits this is obviously the face. C. They likely won’t be the main cause for those strange faces throughout a performance. D. Such effects are particularly helpful in controlling muscles when playing an instrument. E. Facial expressions can also help musicians communicate emotions and artistic expression. F. Musicians are often overcome with emotion from the music itself or the reaction of the crowd. G. Musicians often enter a state of “flow”, where they become completely absorbed in the music they’re creating. 【答案】35. B 36. G 37. E 38. C 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。音乐家演奏时不只是用手指演奏还会有身体动作，其中一个身体动作就是面部表情。文章主要介绍了音乐家演奏时使用面部表情给他们带来的好处。 【35题详解】 上文“But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. (但您可能已经注意到一些奇怪的事情，大多数音乐家不只是用手指演奏。还包括适应歌曲节奏或舞蹈音乐的身体动作。)”可知，音乐家不仅用手指演奏，还会用身体动作，下文“The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose.(音乐家在演奏时表现出的面部表情对于局外人来说可能看起来很奇怪或疯狂，但所有这些表情实际上可能都是有目的的。)”指出了音乐家在演奏时的面部表情是什么样的，由此可知，空处应指出音乐家的身体动作之一就是面部表情，B项“其中最能体现这一点的身体部位显然就是脸部。”承上启下，them代指上文“body movements”，故选B。 【36题详解】 上文“Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration.(首先，演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力)”指出演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力，所以音乐家会在演奏时完全沉浸于表演中，G项“音乐家经常进入一种“心流”状态，他们完全沉浸在他们正在创作的音乐中。”承接上文，故选G。 【37题详解】 上文“Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance.(他们的面部表情可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力。)”指出面部表情的好处之一是可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力，下文“Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. (音乐家与他们演奏的音乐有着强烈的情感联系。他们经常用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪和诠释，从而创造出更具吸引力的音乐体验。)”指出音乐家用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪，E项“面部表情还可以帮助音乐家交流情感和艺术表达。”介绍了面部表情的其他好处，故选E。 【38题详解】 上文“Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing.(表演现场音乐是一种相当紧张的体验，因此表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达这些紧张情绪。幸运的是，音乐家开始表演后，紧张往往很快就会消失)”指出表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达紧张情绪，但是音乐家在表演的时候不会出现紧张情绪，所以紧张情绪不是音乐家出现这些奇怪面部表情的原因，C项“它们可能不会成为整个表演过程中出现这些奇怪面孔的主要原因。”承接上文，they代指上文的nerves，故选C。 【39题详解】 上文“Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization.(另一件有趣的事情是，面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响。一些研究表明，某些面部动作可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性)”指出面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响——可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性，空处承接上文，指出这种生理影响对音乐家表演时所带来的好处，D项“这种效果对于演奏乐器时控制肌肉特别有帮助。”符合语境，Such effects呼应上文的activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization，故选D。 第三部分 阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。（共4小题；第40,41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Egocentrism is the inability to accurately understand any perspective other than one’s own. To those who are egocentric, there are two types of opinions: “mine and the wrong ones”. Egocentrism is very unpleasant. Suffering from it people often find themselves in a situation of conflict or loneliness because they do not recognize the rights of others to their personal feelings, desires, and interests. They also fail to look at circumstances from the other person’s side. Humanity must overcome it to see a holistic (全面的) picture of the world and objectively assess situations. It is essential to be a fair-minded individual since egocentrism is a quality that is not easy to live with, making it hard for us to interact with people and move forward. Actually, overcoming this disturbing quality has always been my pursuit. The main goal in my life is based on the search for inner balance, harmony, positivity, and the right attitude to life cases. Thus, I will be able to improve my life and help other people in the practice of this aspect. Moreover, I often remind myself to accept differences and remember that a correct attitude to different personalities, their preferences, and interests leads to success in any tasks. The formation and development of a fair mind can be practiced almost everywhere. For example, in a grocery store, we need to put ourselves in the place of the seller’s and should not immediately take offense and argue when we are given an unripe banana or burnt bread. It is important to remember that a seller is not obliged to play along at all; this is the same person with his unique nature. Not everyone agrees with everyone else, but if you absolutely refuse to consider another person’s perspective, that’s when egocentrism becomes a serious concern. So why not try to correct this behavior and be more fair-minded? 40. What is egocentrism? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why does egocentrism often lead to conflicts? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Egocentrism becomes a problem when someone doesn’t agree with others. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Please share one of your own experiences about your practicing being fair-minded. (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It is the inability to accurately understand any perspective other than one’s own. 41. Because people (suffering from it) do not recognize the rights of others to their personal feelings, desires, and interests. 42. Egocentrism becomes a problem when someone doesn’t agree with others. Egocentrism becomes a problem if/when you absolutely refuse to consider another person’s perspective. 43. When in Grade 10, I had a debate with my parents over the curfew. Initially, I screamed for more freedom. However, upon attempting to see the matter from their perspective, I fully understood their concerns about my safety. From then on, I never return home later than nine o’clock. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是自我中心主义、特点以及如何克服这种问题。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Egocentrism is the inability to accurately understand any perspective other than one’s own.(自我中心主义是不能准确地理解除了自己以外的任何观点)”可知，自我中心主义是不能准确地理解除自己外任何人的观点。故答案为It is the inability to accurately understand any perspective other than one’s own. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Suffering from it, people often find themselves in a situation of conflict or loneliness because they do not recognize the rights of others to their personal feelings, desires, and interests.(有这种情况的人经常发现自己处于冲突或孤独的境地，因为他们不承认他人对自己的个人感受、欲望和利益的权利)”可知，自我中心主义经常导致冲突是因为他们不承认别人对个人感情、欲望和利益的权利。故答案为Because people (suffering from it) do not recognize the rights of others to their personal feelings, desires, and interests. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Not everyone agrees with everyone else, but if you absolutely refuse to consider another person’s perspective, that’s when egocentrism becomes a serious concern.(不是每个人都同意其他人的观点，但如果你绝对拒绝考虑别人的观点，那就是自我中心主义成为一个严重问题的时候)”可知，错误的部分为“when someone doesn’t agree with others”，因为如果/当你绝对拒绝考虑别人的观点，自我中心主义就会成为一个问题。故答案为Egocentrism becomes a problem when someone doesn’t agree with others. Egocentrism becomes a problem if/when you absolutely refuse to consider another person’s perspective. 【43题详解】 考查开放题。根据题干“请分享一个你自己练习公正的经验”可回答“十年级的时候，我和父母就宵禁的问题发生了争论。起初，我大声疾呼要更多的自由。然而，当我试图从他们的角度来看这件事时，我完全理解他们对我安全的担忧。从那时起，我回家从不晚于9点。”故答案为When in Grade 10, I had a debate with my parents over the curfew. Initially, I screamed for more freedom. However, upon attempting to see the matter from their perspective, I fully understood their concerns about my safety. From then on, I never return home later than nine o’clock. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语 统练五 2025.11.18 (满分80分) 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Back in 2008, I was teaching Concepts of Fitness in a high school. At the end of one class, I chatted with David Gale, a senior high jumper, about how to improve his ____1____ and how motivation played an important role in one’s achievement. He, out of the blue, asked me what would happen if he broke the school record. Not ____2____ of his passion and determination, I paused for a moment, but then promised that I would paint his name on the wall of our classroom. He was very excited and suggested that I go purchase the paint. Nothing more was mentioned about the ____3____ until two weeks later, the young warrior ran into the classroom with a huge smile on his face. “I did it! I broke the record!” he shouted as I was still gathering information to ____4____ what I had promised him. I joined in with the high-fives and fist bumps ____5____ him. The next day, it was done! G-A-L-E. Huge blue letters with white edges, the school colors. I could see his excitement even surpassed the success itself. Actually, his coach said the wall was part of the ____6____ to break the record. What happened next was totally amazing. Many students, even from other classes, saw the name on the wall and ____7____ how they, too, could be considered for the wall. With the enormous ____8____, I had to add more names to the wall, and more than 100 names appeared there in the following 10 years. Many folks admitted they would not have ____9____ what they did if the wall hadn’t been part of the reward. More importantly, all those who stepped far beyond their comfort zone helped set the ____10____ higher. 1. A. health B. performance C. talent D. knowledge 2. A. proud B. afraid C. certain D. fond 3. A. promise B. record C. suggestion D. news 4. A. describe B. recall C. explain D. picture 5. A. encouraging B. admiring C. congratulating D. greeting 6. A. excitement B. confidence C. creativity D. motivation 7. A. inquired B. expected C. insisted D. doubted 8. A. effort B. experience C. stress D. response 9. A. adjusted B. achieved C. examined D. displayed 10. A. pace B. stage C. bar D. tone 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Our school library, which has served students for over 20 years, is more than just a place for books. It also provides a quiet environment for students to concentrate on their studies. It holds thousands of volumes, including many classic novels ____11____ (translate) into multiple languages. What attracts the students most is a special corner in the library, displaying student artworks, ____12____ themes focus on our school life. The number of students using the library ____13____ (increase) steadily since last semester, and this beloved space continues to support our learning journey every day. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Double Ninth Festival ____14____ (fall) on the 9th day of the 9th lunar month. Dating back to ancient harvest ____15____ (ceremony), it became an official festival in the Tang Dynasty. ____16____ (tradition), people climb mountains for blessings, wear dogwood to ward off evil, and drink chrysanthemum wine to promote longevity. In 1989, it was named “Senior Citizens’ Day” to inherit the culture of respecting the elderly. Today, ____17____ (combine) activities like chrysanthemum appreciation and free medical consultations, it highlights Chinese filial piety and reverence (孝道与敬畏) for life. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Under a clear autumn sky on November 2, 2025, the Beijing Marathon kicked off at Tiananmen Square at 7:30 a.m., which drew 32,000 runners from 56 countries. The optimized route led athletes past iconic landmarks, including the “Ice Ribbon”, Bird’s Nest, and Water Cube, while volunteers at 28 aid stations ____18____ (offer) energy gels, electrolyte drinks, and ice towels. Ethiopian runner Haile Gebrselassie, a two-time Olympic champion, won the men’s title in 2:08:10, breaking the course record ____19____ 15 seconds. What inspired us the most was ____20____ 4,700 + runners finished under 3 hours, emphasizing the event’s role in promoting grassroots sports participation. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Pacific Science Center fieldtrips have gone virtual! Bring the fun and excitement of a PacSci fieldtrip to your students while engaging them with enriching content designed to enhance your curriculum (课程) and arouse their curiosity. PacSci’s educators join your classroom live from our Curiosity Studio, and lead students through live sessions featuring some of your favorite STEAM activities. Each program is 40 minutes long. We may be able to accommodate shorter or longer programs to fit your needs! AVAILABLE PROGRAMS Piece of Mind Cost: $ 300 Maximum Number of Participants: 40 Best for Grades: 6-10 Description: Be inspired by the power of the brain as students learn how it controls memory, movement, and sight. Discover how the brain functions through live activities and fun puzzles, and see a real human brain sample! Stick the Landing Cost: $500 (includes 3 sessions) Maximum Number of Participants: 30 Best for Grades: 9-12 Description: Over the course of 3 sessions, use the steps of the engineering design process to build a model of a Mar slander. Dive into past and future missions to Mars and carefully consider the criteria and restrictions for real Mars missions. Learn how engineers are just one of the many careers that contribute to complex solar system missions. Night Sky Tonight Cost Varies by Group Size ·1-99 participants: $ 250 ·100-199 participants: $ 350 ·200+participants: $550 Maximum Number of Participants: Unlimited Best for Grades: 3-12 Description: Become a true backyard astronomer. Learn how living on a giant spinning ball changes what can be seen each night. Discover how to find stars, and even how the sky can be used to find directions! Ecosystem Investigators Cost: $ 200 Maximum Number of Participants: 50 Best for Grades: 3-8 Description: Work as a team to create a virtual ecosystem model revealing how living and non-living parts connect and interact in an aquatic (水生的) environment. Using new knowledge about ecosystem interactions, become a wetland scientist and explore the relationship between organisms in a real pond sample. For more details, please check out our Program Requirements. 21. What can we learn about Pacific Science Center fieldtrips? A. Each program is for one certain grade. B. The expense for each program varies. C. The length for each program is unchangeable. D. Every program has a max number of participants. 22. Cooperation is needed in the program . A. Piece of Mind B. Stick the Landing C. Nigh tSky Tonight D. Ecosystem Investigators 23. The passage is intended for . A. tour guides B. research scientists C. school teachers D. program designers B I wrestled her to the ground for the keys, literally. Indeed, when she opened the door to leave the house at 11 pm for the movies despite my words, I actually wrestled my 16-year-old daughter to the ground. I did not know how to deal with a rebellious (叛逆的) teenager. We are a family of strong wills, from the top down. All my kids had pushed and argued. Everyone “kind of” followed the rules. As they got older, especially when they hit high school, I saw the power shifting, but it hadn’t been so obvious. I had not seen much in-your-face rebellion. Until this happened. I called Amy Speidel a wise and practical parenting expert. She stayed on the phone with me and listened to my wild complaint about my disrespectful kid. She listened for almost two hours and then gave me some suggestions. Amy told me that my daughter’s behavior was “developmentally appropriate”-she was supposed to test the boundaries. Amy also said that it was great that my daughter would be able to stand up for herself in a relationship that wasn’t working. Those comments really made me feel awful. I hadn’t considered anything positive about her behavior — but outside of our mother-daughter relationship, I would never want to devalue my daughter’s strong will. After talking with Amy, I realized that I was the one who needed help understanding discipline vs control. Honestly, I did hate that the responsibility was on me. I wanted permission to scream and punish. But I listened to Amy and here’s what I learned. 1. My daughter’s behavior was normal. That eased my fears that I had raised a terrible human and failed as a mother. 2. My daughter’s strong personality was a strength. That revelation was a huge gift. I value her qualities but don’t want them used against me. I will soften my response and listen to her. 3. I went crazy. In fact, I crossed a line. And that happens. But I learned to apologize and reset so that we could move forward. My job, therefore, is to learn new responses that offer my daughter options and realistic consequences, not empty threats. And hopefully, this will change my relationship with my daughter. 24. What is the actual reason the author had a fight with her daughter? A. The daughter wouldn’t give her the keys. B. The daughter didn’t come back until 11 pm. C. The daughter insisted on going out late at night. D. The daughter wanted to go to the movies with friends. 25. The comments made the author feel “awful” because_______. A. she had helped her daughter to test boundaries B. she didn’t treasure the mother-daughter relationship C. she thought Amy was criticizing her daughter’s upbringing D. she hadn’t noticed the desirable aspects of her daughter’s behavior 26. After the phone call the author learned that ______. A. her daughter’s strong character should be softened B. she should constructively deal with conflict C. her daughter should control her behavior D. she should admit her failure as a mother 27. According to Amy, what should the author say if the same situation happens again? A. “Do you really think you can just walk out the door like that?” B. “It’s not safe to be out so late. What about tomorrow afternoon?” C. “It doesn’t matter whether you go out or not. I will support you.” D. “You have been disrespectful and can’t go out tonight. Is that clear?” C A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true? Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything—one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly convey information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism. In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in a simulated virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated characters living in a Matrix-like world? If — like us — the beings in the simulated world could not observe their universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality. Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality. The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional expectation for a theory of nature, nor does it correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe. 28. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us? A. The need for a complete theory. B. The lasting conflict in physics. C. The existence of the material world. D. The conventional insight of reality. 29. What can we learn from the passage? A. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered. B. An external world is independent of the observers. C People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints. D. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better. 30. According to the passage, the author may agree that ________. A. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed B. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory C. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world D. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one D The idea that we need to eat meat to get enough protein and iron, a false assumption of some Paleo diet (原始饮食) advocates, is a common misconception. It ignores the abundance of protein and iron in many plant-based foods such as nuts and seeds. Likewise, while we typically associate omega-3 fatty acids with fish, fish themselves incorporate these into their tissue by eating seaweed, which we can consume directly without the concerns of exposure to microplastics in fish flesh. Indeed, a whole-food, plant-based diet can provide all essential nutrients except for vitamin B12, made by bacteria in soil and ingested by animals, thereby incorporated into their tissue, milk, and eggs. While modern sanitation allows humans to consume clean produce unpolluted by dirt, we can easily and cheaply obtain oral B12 supplements. Evidently, significantly reducing our consumption of meat would carry vast benefits. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death around the world. Eating highly processed foods and red meat has been repeatedly demonstrated to promote underlying mechanisms of cancer and cardiovascular disease, such as inflammation (炎症) and damage to the lining of blood vessels (血管). Mounting evidence points to the benefits of a whole-food, plant-based diet. Studies from 2017found that a vegetarian diet is associated with a 25 percent relative risk reduction for coronary heart disease and an 8 percent relative risk reduction for cancer, with a vegan diet related to a 15 percent relative risk reduction for cancer. The World Health Organization has classified processed meat as carcinogenic (致癌的), and (unprocessed) red meat as probably carcinogenic to humans. In addition to harming ourselves, eating meat harms others. Factory farming practices often entail unspeakable cruelty to animals, and working conditions for human laborers are often unsafe and inhumane as well. Overcrowding of livestock and workers promotes the spread of disease among both people and animals, putting us all at risk for future pandemics. The overuse of “routine” antibiotics (抗生素) to accelerate animal growth and precautiously treat the infections anticipated as a result of living in unclean and overcrowded conditions can promote antibiotic resistance. While large-scale, well-coordinated national and international action is undoubtedly needed to fight unscrupulous factory farming practices-and to ensure the availability of nutritious and healthy food for all citizens, those with greater influence, such as physicians, educators and policy makers, should consider the importance of acting as role models for healthy behaviors themselves as well as advocating for policies that ensure better nutritional access and education for others. All of these should not be excuses for individuals to resist implementing change in their own lives and communities. Societies change when enough individuals within them alter their behavior, and it is up to each of us to act as a change agent in whatever capacity we can. We would all be well served to pull this lever in our own lives as well. 31. The author writes the first two paragraphs mainly to ________. A. show the concerns of Paleo diet advocates B. compare the differences between two diets C. highlight the importance of nutrition intake D. point out a misunderstanding in nutrition source 32. Which of the following logic chains is reasonable according to the passage? A. B. C. D. 33. What does the underlined word “unscrupulous” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A Illegal. B. Unfair. C. Immoral. D. Unnecessary. 34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. A Meatless Diet Is Better for You B. Food Problems Call for Joint Efforts C. Say No to Processed Meat Consumption D. Eatable Greens or Not? That Is a Question 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(E = AB, F = AC, G = AD) When you go to concerts, you expect your favorite musician to perform amazingly on stage. But you may have noticed something curious that most musicians don’t just play with their fingers. They also involve body movements that fit the song’s beat or dance following the music. ____35____ The facial expressions musicians show when playing may seem strange or crazy to an outsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpose. Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense focus and concentration. ____36____ Their facial expressions can be a demonstration of the intense emotions and physical effort that go hand-in-hand with musical performance. They’re often subconscious-in fact, many of us will pull strange faces when we’re deeply involved in an activity we care about. ____37____Musicians have a strong emotional connection with the music they perform. They often use their facial expressions to express the mood and interpretation of the music, which creates a more engaging musical experience. While facial expressions may not directly make someone a better musician, they might contribute to the overall artistry of the music. Performing live music is a rather stressful experience, so it could be that the performer is expressing those nerves through their face-biting the bottom lip, for example. Luckily, nerves will often go away soon after a musician starts performing. ____38____ The facial expressions obviously to some extent express the performer’s inner world. Another interesting thing is that making facial expressions can have a physiological impact on the musician’s performance. Some research suggests that certain facial movements can activate specific muscles and improve muscle harmonization. ____39____However, it’s important to note that this relationship is still not well understood, and the extent to which facial expressions directly impact musical competence is a subject of ongoing investigation. A. When you’re really focused, you don’t care about the outside world. B. Among them the part of the body that best exhibits this is obviously the face. C. They likely won’t be the main cause for those strange faces throughout a performance. D. Such effects are particularly helpful in controlling muscles when playing an instrument. E Facial expressions can also help musicians communicate emotions and artistic expression. F. Musicians are often overcome with emotion from the music itself or the reaction of the crowd. G. Musicians often enter a state of “flow”, where they become completely absorbed in the music they’re creating. 第三部分 阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。（共4小题；第40,41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Egocentrism is the inability to accurately understand any perspective other than one’s own. To those who are egocentric, there are two types of opinions: “mine and the wrong ones”. Egocentrism is very unpleasant. Suffering from it, people often find themselves in a situation of conflict or loneliness because they do not recognize the rights of others to their personal feelings, desires, and interests. They also fail to look at circumstances from the other person’s side. Humanity must overcome it to see a holistic (全面的) picture of the world and objectively assess situations. It is essential to be a fair-minded individual since egocentrism is a quality that is not easy to live with, making it hard for us to interact with people and move forward. Actually, overcoming this disturbing quality has always been my pursuit. The main goal in my life is based on the search for inner balance, harmony, positivity, and the right attitude to life cases. Thus, I will be able to improve my life and help other people in the practice of this aspect. Moreover, I often remind myself to accept differences and remember that a correct attitude to different personalities, their preferences, and interests leads to success in any tasks. The formation and development of a fair mind can be practiced almost everywhere. For example, in a grocery store, we need to put ourselves in the place of the seller’s and should not immediately take offense and argue when we are given an unripe banana or burnt bread. It is important to remember that a seller is not obliged to play along at all; this is the same person with his unique nature. Not everyone agrees with everyone else, but if you absolutely refuse to consider another person’s perspective, that’s when egocentrism becomes a serious concern. So why not try to correct this behavior and be more fair-minded? 40. What is egocentrism? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why does egocentrism often lead to conflicts? ________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Egocentrism becomes a problem when someone doesn’t agree with others. ________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Please share one of your own experiences about your practicing being fair-minded. (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $