第12章 状语从句-【高考零起点】2026年新高考英语总复习（艺考）

8.with which 9.which 10.As 11.that/which 12.who/that 13.whose 14.that 15.that/which 16.whose 17.as 18.after which 19.As 20.which/as 21.that 22.that 23.that 二、1.through which2.at which3.from whom 4.by which 5.for which 6.in which 7.of whom 8.of which 9.about/of which 10.near/under/beside/on which 第二节关系副词 巩固练习 1.where 2.when 3.why 4.that/which 5.when 6.that/which 7.that/which 8.where句意：无人驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家都在 同一起跑线的领域。area表一个抽象的地点概念。 9.which句意：到下午四点半，差不多要关门的时候，几乎 所有的画都已经卖光了。先行词是16：30，关系词在从句中 作主语，故要用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。 10.that 11.when 12.when 13.where 14.where 15.where 16.who/that;that 第十一章名词性从句 巩固练习 1.That2.What相当于the thing(s)that。 3.why4.that引导同位语从句。5.where 6.Who7.that引导同位语从句。8.What相当于the thing that 9.whether 10.How/Why/When 11.Whoever (相当于Anyone who)12.whoever13.That 14.whether 句意：在这家商店里，无论你用现金支付还是用信用卡支付 都无关紧要。l5.what16.whether句意：我们能否打赢 这场战斗不是问题，这只是时间问题。17.that 18.where 19.that 20.what 21.that 22.where(=the place that) 23.what 第十二章 状语从句 巩固练习 1.When2.As句意：随着时间的推移，天气变得更糟了。 as用来说明两种正在发展变化的情况。 3.Though/Although/While 4.until It is not until...that... 强调句，意为“直到…才…”。 5.when/while/as 6.as/because/for 7.since 8.Although/While/Though9.that10.as按照。 11.unless 12.before 13.When/After 14.however/no matter how 15.as long as句意：我父母不介意我做什么样 的工作，只要我开心。16.f17.where18.As l9.before句意：政府已经采取措施来解决电量短缺的问 题，但是也许要一段时间以后情况才会有所改善。 20.than21.before所填词引导状语从句，构成“It won't be +时间段+before+一般现在时从句”，意思是“过不了多久 …就…”。22.that23.since/as/because24.in order that/so that 25.when 26.even if/though 27.No matter how/However 28.unless 29.when/if 30.as if/though 3l.as long as32.when只要辨认出固定句型hardly..when ,问题即可解答。句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就给我打 电话让我立刻回家。33.because34.in case35.where/ when若填where.,则where相当于in the place where 第十三章非谓语动词 第一节非谓语动词作主语、表语和宾语 巩固练习 1.Traveling动名词作主语。2.to learn不定式作真正的 主语。3.watering4.to give/giving5.sending6.taking 7.to be updated 8.complaining 9.to become 10.not to see/not to have seen 11.reading 12.getting 13.to meet 14.borrowing;to return 15.looking 16.smoking 17.hearing 18.to give 19.reading 20.asking 第二节非谓语动词作定语 巩固练习 L.running2.wearing3.to be published用不定式，表示动 作还未完成。其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词book,不定式与逻 辑主语是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。4.bought5.to do名词前有最高级修饰，故用不定式作后置定语。 6.written7.being built8.to express ability作为一个抽象 名词，通常使用不定式作后置定语。9.to practice 10.to go 11.Spoken 12.dressed 13.used 14.taken 15.to be discussed 16.repairing to be repaired;to be repaired 17.borrowed18.saying19.discovered该空在句中作后 置定语修饰the money,the money与discover之间为被动关 系，动作已经完成20.living 第三节非谓语动词作补语 巩固练习 1.not to make ask sb.(not)to do sth.意为“要求某人（不） 要做某事”。2.to stay3.watering 4.heard非谓语动词与himself之间是被动关系，所以用过 去分词作宾语补足语。5.calling hear后面的宾语补足语 可以为省略to的不定式do,也可以为doing,区别在于doing 表示动作正在进行，而d0表示已经完成的整个动作。 6.finished have sth.done意为“完成某事”。7.performing 8.looking宾语many people和look之间存在主动关系，并且看 的动作正在进行，所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。9.running keep+sb./sth.+done/doing,根据句意，sth.与它后面的动词构成 主动关系。l0.to solve宾语problems和solve之间存在被动 关系，并且谓语的动作还未发生，在wh复合结构中要用主动形 式表示被动意义，所以用不定式作宾语补足语。零起点·英语 第十二章 状语从句 等状语从句。 知识梳理 状语从句 状语从句指用句子作状语，起副词作 ①时间状语从句②地点状语从句③原因状语从句 用，修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或 ④条件状语从句 ⑤目的状语从句 ⑥结果状语从句 整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、 ⑦让步状语从句 ⑧方式状语从句 ⑨比较状语从句 原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较 一、状语从句一览表 种类 从属连词 例句 说明 When I came into the room,he was writing a letter. when指的是“在某一具体的时间”。 when, 当我进屋时，他正在写信。 whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体 whenever We shall go there whenever we are free. 我们什么时候有空，什么时候就会去那里。 的时间”。 While it was raining,they went out. 天下雨的时候，他们出去了。 while指“在某一段时间里”“在 I stayed while he was away. while 他不在的时候我在。 期间”，while引导的动作必须是持 续性的。 比较：All of us are working hard while he is sleeping.. (“然而”，并列连词) He hurried home,looking behind as he went 他赶快回家，一边走一边向后看。 as(一边…一边)，引导持续性动 As time goes by,I like China better. 作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发 时 生，或意为“随着”。 随着时间的流逝，我更加喜欢中国。 间 Be a pupil before you become a teacher. 先做学生，再做先生。 before意为“在…之前”“才” before I finished my task before I went home “就”等。 句 我做完作业才回家。 He arrived after the game started. after 比赛开始之后，他才赶到。 after意为“在…之后”。 We waited till/until he came back ①如主句动词是持续性动词，常用肯 我们一直等到他回来。 定式，表示“直到…为止”；如主句 till, She didn't stop working until eleven o'clock. 动词是瞬间动词，要用否定式，表示 until 她直到11点钟才停止工作。 “直到…才”“在…以前不”。 Until he had passed out of sight,she stood there ②从句放在句首表示强调，一般 她站在那里，直到看不见他的身影。 用until。. Great changes have taken place in China since 1978 ①主句动词应为持续性的，since引 自从1978年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。 导的从句动词为瞬间动词。 since Since I came here,I have written home four times. ②since从句若是一般过去时，主句 自从来到这里，我已经给家里写了四次信了。 用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 68 第十二章状语从句 续表 种类 从属连词 例句 说明 As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,I'll write to you. as soon as, 我一到上海就给你写信。 hardly...when, I had hardly got home when it began to rain.=Hardly no sooner...than. had I got home when it began to rain. the moment, 我刚一到家，就下雨了。 ①它们都意为“一…就”。 the instant, ②hardly或no sooner位于句首时， 时 Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop. 间 the minute, 语气较强，主句的谓语需要部分 我们刚开始就被叫停。 the second, No sooner had we got to the station than the train left. 倒装。 语 immediately, 我们刚到车站，火车就开走了。 从 directly, The moment I heard the song,I felt cheerful. 句 instantly 我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。 every time, Every time I traveled by boat,I got seasick. each time, 在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将 我每次乘船都晕船。 last time, 来时或过去将来时，而要用一般现 Next time you come,you'll see him. next time, 下次你来的时候，就会见到他。 在时或一般过去时代替将来时。 by the time Where there is a will,there is a way. 地 有志者，事竟成。 点 Where there is water,there is life. 状 where, 哪里有水，哪里就有生命。 where与wherever意义基本相同，但 语 wherever You are free to go wherever you like. 后者语气较强，多用于书面语。 从 你可以到你喜欢的任何地方去。 句 Wherever you go,you must obey the law 无论你去哪，都要遵守法律。 I came back late yesterday because I was on duty. because用来回答why的问题，语气最 because 因为值班，所以昨天我回来晚了。 强，一般放在主句之后，意为“因为”。 since表示既然或已知的理由，稍加 Since everyone is here,let's begin our meeting. since 既然大家都在这里，我们开始开会。 分析即可表明的原因，多放于句首， 意为“既然”“由于”。 原 As he didn't know much English,he looked up the word as与for的区别： in the dictionary. ①s引导的从句可位于主句之前， 状 as, 由于他英语懂得不是很多，他在字典中查阅这个 也可位在主句之后，说明次要的原 语 for 单词。 因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中。 从 It must have rained last night,for the ground is still wet. ②for连接的是并列句。 句 昨天一定下过雨，地还是湿的呢。 Now (that)the weather has cleared up,we can start now(that), our journey. considering(that),seeing(that),now seeing(that), 鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。 (that)和since意义相似，都有“鉴于 considering(that) Seeing (that)he was badly ill,we sent for the doctor. 某个事实”的意思，that可以省去。 鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。 69 零起点·英语 续表 种类 从属连词 例句 说明 I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget. 我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记（以便不忘记）。 so that(以便)， We'll tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself. ①目的状语从句中常将情态动词 目 的 in order 我们会把真实情况告诉你，以便你能自己做出判断。 may(might)、can(could)、should等 状 that(为了)， They worked harder than usual in order that they could 放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句 lest=for fear finish the work ahead of time. 之后，主从句之间不用任何标点 从 that(以免)， 为了能提前完成工作，他们比往常更加努力工作。 符号。 句 in case Put on more clothes lest(=for fear that)you should catch ②注意so that和in order that与so (万一) a cold. asto和in order to的转换。 多穿点衣服，以免感冒。 Take your raincoat in case it should rain. 带上你的雨衣，以防下雨。 so that(因此)， We turned up the radio,so that everyone heard the news. ①so that前有逗号为结果状语从句， 我们把收音机的音量调大了，因此大家都听到了 结 so...that (如此… 新闻。 这也是与目的状语从句的区别。 果 ②so..that中so后面跟形容词或 He was so excited that he couldn't say a word. 状 以至于…) 副词。 他十分激动，以至于一句话都说不出来。 语 从 such...that He gave such important reasons that he was excused. such.that中such后面跟名词或名 句 他说出了这么重要的理由，所以得到了大家的谅解。 词短语，如果名词是单数就要用 （如此… It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. such a/an...that,可以转换为so. 以至于…) 这是一部如此有趣的小说，所以我们都想阅读它。 that f(如果)， unless(除非)， Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them 如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。 as/so long as(只要)， We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains. ①unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式， 条 除非下雨，否则我们明天就会去那里。 in case, 件 =We shall go there tomorrow if it doesn't rain. unless和if...not同义，unless是书面 on condition that 状 So long as you work hard,you will succeed. 语，if..not是口语，通常二者可以 (在…条件下)， 语 只要努力工作，你就会成功。 换用。 so/as far as 从 (就…而言)， In case I forget,please remind me about it. ②条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般 句 万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。 要用一般现在时代替一般将来时， supposing (that)(假如)， So far as I know,the book will be published next month. 用一般过去时代替过去将来时。 据我所知，那本书将在下个月出版。 provided/ The company will succeed only if it has sufficient backing. providing (that), only if(只有) 只有当该公司获得足够的资助时，它才会成功。 Draw a cat as I taught you yesterday. 方 按照我昨天教你的方法画只猫。 式 Do as you are told to ①此处as意为“按照、正如”。 状 as, 按照人家告诉你的去做。 ②asif或as though的意义和用法基 语 as if/though She looks as if she is ill. 本一样。从句中可以用现在时表示 从 她看上去好像是生病了。 可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气。 @ He acted as if/though nothing had happened 他表现得就好像什么也没有发生。 70 第十二章 状语从句 续表 种类 从属连词 例句 说明 Although/Though he was over sixty,yet)he ①在英语句子中，一般用了“虽然” began to learn French. 就不能再用“但是”(but),但可以与 though, 虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语。 yet或still连用。 although We were not tired though/although we had worked ②though/.although意义相同，用法 all day. 基本一样，前者通俗、口语化，后者 虽然我们千了一天活，但并不累。 正式，多放于主句的前面。 even if和even though意为“即使” even if I'll go even if/though it rains tomorrow. even though 即使明天下雨，我也要去。 “纵使”，有退一步设想的意味，多 用于书面语中。 Child as he is,he knows a lot. 虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。 as引导的状语从句多用于书面语， Cold as it is(=Though it is cold),the children play 它比用though或although引导的从 as outdoors. 虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。 句语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在 让 Try as you might,you can't catch me. 句首，谓语部分需倒装。 步 尽管努力，你也抓不到我。 状 语 Your should finish the task whether you like it 注意与whether引导的名词性从句的 从 whether...or... or not. 区别：He can't decide whether to enter 不管你喜不喜欢，你都应该完成任务。 or not..(名词性从句中的宾语从句) Do it no matter what（=whatever）others say. 不管别人怎么说，尽管干。 no matter No matter how(=however)busy he is,he studies no matter...与wh-ever引导的让步状 who/what/ English every day. 语从句意义基本一样，no matter..引 when/where/ 不管他多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。 导的从句可以位于主句前或主 which/how No matter who (=whoever)takes up the matter for 句后。 me,I shall be very grateful. 不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。 wh-ever: whatever, Whatever happens/may happen,we shall not lose ①wh-ever从句中的动词有时可以和 heart. whoever, may连用。 无论（可能）发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。 whenever, ②wh-ever引导的名词性从句与主句 Whoever comes,he will be welcomed. whichever, 之间一定没有逗号。 无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。 however Mary is as old as my sister. 比 as...as 较 (与一样…)， 玛丽和我姐姐一样大。 He doesn't run so/as fast as Jack does) 状 not so/as...as (不如…一样…)， 他不如杰克跑得那样快。 表示同级比较，肯定句用as.…as,否 语 His book is the same as mine. the same...as 定句可用not as.…as或nots0as。 他的书和我的一样。 句 (与…一样)， Henry is not such a good worker as Peter. such...as 亨利这个工人不如彼得好。 71 零起点·英语 续表 种类 从属连词 例句 说明 She has made greater progress this year than she did last year. 她今年比去年进步更大。 than 表示不同程度的比较，主句中用形 He bought fewer books than I (did). 较 (比) 容词或副词的比较级。 他买的书比我买的少。 状 He runs less fast than me. 语 他没有我跑得快。 句 The harder you work,the greater progress you will make the+..., 你工作越努力，你取得的进步将越大。 此类结构意思为“越…，越…”。 the+... The sooner,the better. 越快越好。 二、where和when引导定语从句和状语从 巩固练习 句的区别 1.where引导定语从句，相当于in 用适当的从属连词或从属连词词组填空。 which,如： John arrived,I was cooking The bookshop where I bought this book is lunch. not far from here.我买书的那家商店离这儿 3 the day went on,the weather got 不远。 worse. where引导状语从句，相当于in the 3 the worker has limited technical place where,如： knowledge,he has a lot of experience. 4.It was not I found my books where I had left them. his parents passed away that he realized the importance of 我在丢书的地方找到了我的书。 family. 2.when引导定语从句，相当于in 5.Please don't talk so loud others which,如： are working. I will never forget those days when we 6.He found it increasingly difficult to read, played together..我永远不会忘记我们在一 his eyesight was beginning to 起玩的那些日子。 fail. when引导状语从句，相当于at the 7.It is three years he went abroad time when,如： for further education. I will return the book when I finish it. 8 birds use their feathers for 我看完的时候，我就会去还这本书。 flight,some of their feathers are for other purposes. 9.His plan was such a good one we 12 第十二章 状语从句 all agreed to accept it. 24.The police officers in our city work hard 10.The worker finished his work the rest of us can live a safe the boss told him. life. 11.I won't call you, something un- 25.I was driving down to London expected happens. suddenly found that I was on the wrong 12.We need to get to the root of the problem road. we can solve it. 26.Allow children the space to voice their 13. I showed my answer to him, opinions, they are different the teacher praised me for my from your own. independent thinking. 27. hard you try,it is difficult to 14.He tried his best to solve the problem, lose weight without cutting down the difficult it was. amount you eat. 15.My parents don't mind what job I do 28.Tom is so independent that he never asks I am happy. his parents'opinion he wants 16.I would be grateful you could their support. give me a kind consideration. 29.It's much easier to make friends 17.You'd better not leave the medicine you have similar interests. kids can get it. 30.The old lady treats the boy he 18. he grew older,he lost interest were her own son. in everything except gardening. 31.You can borrow my car you 19.The government has taken some measures promise not to drive too fast. to solve the shortage of electricity,but it 32.I had hardly got to the office will be some time the situation my wife phoned me to go back home at improves. once. 20.He had no sooner finished his speech 33.I really enjoy listening to music the students started cheering. it helps me relax and takes my mind away 21.John thinks it won't be long he from other cares of the day. is ready for his new job. 34.Leave your key with a neighbor 22.It is so cold you should wear you lock yourself out one day. more clothes. 35.Make a mark you have any 23.Good opinions are worth sticking to doubts or questions. they can benefit us all. 73