专题02 情态动词（期中复习讲义）八年级英语下学期新教材外研版

专题02 情态动词（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01  can 的用法 知识点02 must 的用法 知识点03 should 的用法 知识点04 need 的用法 知识点05 have to 的用法 知识点07 had better 的用法 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法填空 完成句子 1. 情态动词的基本词义与语气强弱； 2. must 与 have to 的区别； 3. 回答时的注意事项； 1. 语境化考查：将情态动词放入日常对话、校规、等真实语境中，要求根据语气选择正确选项； 2. 易混辨析：mustn’t 与 don’t have to、can 与 may、needn’t 与 mustn’t 等是高频易错点。； 3. 跨学科融合：结合规则、环保、健康生活等话题考查。 知识梳理·方法技巧 情态动词概述 1. 定义： 情态动词表示说话人的语气、态度或情感，如能力、可能性、必要性、建议等。 2. 共同特征： 不能单独作谓语，必须接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化（have to 除外）。否定句直接在情态动词后加 not。 3. 八重点情态动词一览： 情态动词 词义 否定形式 用法要点 can 表示能力、允许、可能性 must 表示义务、强制；否定表示禁止 should 表示建议、劝告、义务 need 表示必要性；否定表示“不必” have to 客观需要，有人称/数/时态变化 had better 表示建议，后接动词原形 知识点01 can的用法 1. 表示能力（＝be able to）： She can speak three languages. 2. 表示请求或允许（口语中常用）： Can I use your pen? 3. 表示可能性（常用于否定句或疑问句）： It can’t be true. 典例01 （2025·八年级下·南京期中）— ______ I smoke here? — No, you ______. Look at the sign “No smoking”. A. Can; can’t   B. May; mustn’t   C. Must; needn’t   D. Should; shouldn’t 易｜错｜点｜拨 can 与 may 都可表示“允许”，但 can 更口语化；can’t 表示“不可能”，语气很强。 典例02 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）If you save 20 yuan every month, you ________ buy that storybook in two months. A．can B．will C．must D．should 即时检测 1.（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）I saw Wei Fang in the library just now, so she _________ be at home. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 2．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—I think I have eaten too much. Now I feel really tired and sluggish. —Maybe you ________ drink some water and take a short walk. It might help you feel better. A．can B．shall C．must D．would 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Hey, Sandy! I’ve had a problem recently. ________ you give me some advice? A．Must B．Can C．Should D．May 4．（25-26六年级下·黑龙江绥化·开学考试）—Can you play the drums? —________. A．Yes, I can’t B．Yes, I can. C．No, I can. 知识点02 must的用法 1. 表示“必须”（主观义务）： You must finish your homework first. 2. 表示“禁止”（否定式 mustn’t）： You mustn’t tell anyone about this secret. 3. 表示“一定”（肯定推测）： He looks tired. He must be sleepy. 解｜题｜技｜巧 以 Must 开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 Yes, you must.；否定回答用 No, you needn’t / don’t have to.（不必）， 而不用 mustn’t（禁止）。 典例01 （2025·八年级下·无锡期中）— Must I finish the report today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn’t   B. can’t   C. needn’t   D. shouldn’t 典例02 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）In recent years, the audience________buy the concert tickets with their own ID cards. A．can B．might C．should D．must 易｜错｜点｜拨 must表示义务，语气最强，表示必须做… 即时检测 1.（25-26六年级下·全国·课前预习）我们必须尊重老师。 We _________ _________ our teachers. 2．（24-25六年级下·全国·单元测试）We must wear school uniforms on Monday. (对划线部分提问) What ________ you ________ on Monday? 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）He must finish his homework before helping others. (改为否定句) He ________ finish his homework before helping others. 4．（25-26六年级下·全国·单元测试）Don’t eat in the lab. Don’t drink in the lab. (合并为一句，并保持句子意思不变) We ________ eat ________ drink in the lab. 知识点03 should的用法 1. 表示“应该”（建议、劝告、义务）： You should see a doctor. 2. 表示“按理应当”： The train should arrive at 6 p.m. 典例01 （2025·八年级下·郑州期中）You look pale. You ______ lie down and have a rest. A. should   B. must   C. can   D. may 即时检测 1.（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）你下次不应该吃那么多。 You _________ _________ so much next time. 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We ought to protect wild animals. (改为同义句，用 should) _________________________________ 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We should help people in need.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ we ________? 4．（25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）我们应该诚实，不应该撒谎。 We ________ be honest and ________ tell lies. 知识点04 need 的用法 1. 作情态动词（常用于否定句和疑问句）： You needn’t worry about me. Need I come to the meeting? 2. 作实义动词（有人称和数的变化，后接 to do）： He needs to finish his homework. 解｜题｜技｜巧 need 作情态动词时，无三单形式，后接动词原形，否定为 needn’t。 need 作实义动词时，有 need to do，否定用 don’t/doesn’t need to。 典例01 （2025·八年级下·苏州期中）— ______ I clean the room now? — No, you needn’t. You can do it later. A. Must  B. Need  C. Can  D. Should 典例02 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）—Must I return the book to the library today?   —No, you ________. You can keep it for another week. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 即时检测 1. （25-26七年级上·上海浦东新·期末）You ________ open the door with the key because the smart lock can recognize your face and open it by itself. A．need B．need to C．don’t need D．needn’t 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）—Mom, must I finish my homework before dinner?   —No, you ________. You can do it after dinner if you are tired. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 2. （25-26七年级下·全国·单元测试）You ________ regret what you’ve done. What you ________ do is to learn your lesson and start over. A．need not; need to B．don’t need; need to C．don’t need; need D．needn’t to; need 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）我需要把雨伞放在外面吗？ —Need I put the umbrella outside? —Yes, you ________. 是的，你必须 (放在外面)。 —No, you ________. 不，你不必 (放在外面)。 知识点05 have to 的用法 1. 表示“不得不”（客观需要）： It’s raining hard. We have to stay at home. 2. 与 must 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观义务（必须）。 have to 表示外部条件迫使的“不得不”。 易｜混｜辨｜析 must VS have to 含义 必须（主观） 不得不（客观） 人称/时态 无变化 有（has to, had to） 否定 mustn’t（禁止） don’t have to（不必） 疑问 Must I...? Do I have to...? 典例01 （2025·八年级下·常州期中）My grandfather ______ get up early when he was young. A. must   B. had to   C. may   D. could 典例02 （25-26七年级下·全国·随堂练习）In thick fog, people ________ close the highway. A．have to B．has to C．can D．may 即时检测 1.（25-26八年级下·全国·课前预习）You ________ be too nervous. Just relax and be brave enough to show yourself. A．might not B．mustn’t C．should D．don’t have to 2．（25-26七年级下·全国·单元测试）They had to ________ many problems when they started the business. A．face B．faced C．facing D．faces 3．（25-26七年级下·全国·随堂练习）—Does Peter ________ finish reading the thick book this week? —No, he ________. He can break it up into several parts. A．have to; needn’t B．used to; doesn’t C．need; mustn’t D．had better; can’t 知识点06 had better 的用法 1. 表示“最好”（建议，语气较强）： You had better see a doctor. 2. 否定形式：had better not + 动词原形： You had better not stay up too late. 易｜错｜警｜示 had better 中的 had 不是过去式，无人称和时态变化。否定时 not 加在 better 之后。 典例01 （2025·八年级下·南通期中）You look tired. You ______ go to bed late tonight. A. had better   B. had better not   C. would like   D. would like to 典例02 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）You’d better ________ too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. A．not eat B．not to eat C．eat D．to eat 即时检测 1．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）You’d better pick a narrow topic. (改为否定句) _________________________________ 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We should get up early. (同义句转换) We’d ________ ________ up early. 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）你最好不要熬夜，那对你的身体不好。 You’d ________ ________ stay up late. It’s bad for your health. 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（25-26八年级下·吉林·期中）You have a bad fever. You ________ go to see a doctor at once. A．may B．can’t C．should 2．（25-26八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）—Look! It ________ be Mr. Wang. —No, it ________ be him. He has gone abroad. A．may; mustn’t B．must; may not C．must; can’t D．can; may not 3．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）— You ________ write him a letter to say you are sorry for it. — I’m not good at writing letters. I want to talk about it ________ the phone. A．should; in B．should; on C．could; by 4．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期中）—Can I _______ The Old Man and the Sea, Mrs. Zhao? —Sure, it’s very interesting, but you can’t _______ it to others. A．lend; borrow B．borrow; lend C．borrow; lent 5．（24-25八年级下·北京海淀·期中）—______ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I want to watch one show first. A．May B．Must C．Need D．Could 6．（24-25八年级下·甘肃张掖·期中）—________ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I have to fold the clothes first. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．May 7．（24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中）You _______ listen to your teacher in class. A．mustn’t B．should C．shouldn’t 8．（24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中）_______ I borrow your pen, please? A．Could B．Should C．Do 9．（24-25八年级下·上海青浦·期中）In order to keep healthy, you ________ do enough exercise and have a good diet. A．need B．may C．ought to D．has to 10．（24-25八年级下·北京海淀·期中）________ you please help me with this heavy box? I can’t carry it by myself. A．Should B．Could C．Must D．May 11．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）According to the traffic law, children under 16 ________ ride e-bikes on the road. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．couldn’t 12．（24-25八年级下·上海闵行·期中）—________ I park my car here for a while? —No, you mustn’t. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”? A．Would B．Need C．Must D．May 13．（24-25八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）—Could we read storybooks right now? —No, you ________. You must finish the work first. A．needn’t B．won’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 14．（24-25八年级下·天津滨海新区·期中）The dictionary ________ Tom’s because his name is on it. A．mustn’t be B．must be C．can be D．can’t be 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、完成句子。 1．（24-25八年级下·甘肃张掖·期中）我们不能推迟制定计划了。 We can’t ________ _______ making a plan. 2．（24-25八年级下·北京·期中）你出门最好带上雨伞。 You ________ the umbrella with you when you go out. 3．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）我们应该阻止人们砍伐山上的那些树。 We should ________ people ________ ________ ________ the trees on the mountain. 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）为了保持健康，她不得不拒绝吃垃圾食品。 To keep healthy, she _______________________________________ junk food. 5．（24-25八年级下·山东菏泽·期中）你能打扫一下你的房间吗? ________ you please ________ your room? 6．（24-25八年级下·陕西延安·期中）尽管有些人可能讨厌狗，但他从不介意。 Even though some people might ________ dogs, he never minded. 7．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）在中国文化中，老人应该受到很好的照顾。 The old people ________ ________ ________ ________ well in Chinese culture. 8．（24-25八年级下·山东菏泽·期中）我们应该每天做运动。 _______ ________ exercise every day. 9．（24-25八年级下·北京·期中）你能倒一下垃圾吗？ ________ ________ please take out the rubbish? 10．（24-25八年级上·福建漳州·期中）You had better go to school today.(改为否定句) You had better ________ ________ to school today. 11．（25-26八年级上·湖南·课后作业）Can you buy some food for lunch? (换一种更有礼貌的表达) ________ you ________ ________ some food for lunch? 二、句型转换。 1．（24-25八年级下·上海静安·期中）Three trees can do the job of 15 air conditioners. (改为一般疑问句) _______ three trees _______ the job of 15 air conditioners? 2．（23-24八年级下·安徽安庆·月考）You should eat some vegetables. (改为否定句) You ________ eat ________ vegetables. 3．（20-21八年级下·江西萍乡·期中）Could you please clean your room now?（改为否定句） Could you please ________ ________ your room now? 4．（20-21八年级下·江苏南通·月考）Lin Tao has to get up early to catch the bus every weekday.（改为否定句） Lin Tao ________ ________ to get up early to catch the bus every weekday. 5．（20-21八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）You'd better stay at home. (改为否定句) You'd better ________ ________ at home. 6．（24-25八年级下·上海杨浦·期中）You are not allowed to play in the fountains. (保持句意基本不变) You ________ ________ in the fountains. 7．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Water is very precious, so we should save it. (保持句意不变) Water is very precious, so we ________ ________ save it. 8．（21-22八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）Perhaps Maria is in her room now. (改为同义句) Maria _________ ___________ in her room now. 9．（21-22八年级下·河南郑州·期中）They needn’t sweep the snow right now. (改为同义句) ________________ for them to sweep the snow right now. 10．（24-25八年级下·广东揭阳·期中）Helen could visit the sick kids in the hospital. （对划线部分提问） _________ could Helen _________ in the hospital? 11．（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）Mrs. White should talk to her daughter. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Mrs. white ________? 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的情态动词（每空一词）。 Last night, I couldn’t find my phone. I 1. ______ have left it in the office, but I wasn’t sure. I called my colleague, but he 2. ______ not answer his phone. He 3. ______ have been sleeping. Later, I remembered that I 4. ______ use my phone to take photos in the park. So I went back there. Luckily, an old man said, “You 5. ______ be more careful next time. Here is your phone.” I thanked him. From now on, I 6. ______ keep my valuable things in a safe place. 2、 任务型阅读 The idea of teamwork is very important to the success of any team. All coaches talk about working as one unit or as a team that plays as one. Teamwork and unselfishness（无私） create a great team; without them a team cannot play well against other teams. You can have a group of superstars, but if they do not work well as one unit, they are not going to be successful. The team working as one unit is going to be successful. Here are some things to consider when you are looking at your team: Does your team have agreed upon goals they created as a team? Do the players openly encourage and support one another? Do they have open communication with one another, as well as the coaches? Does each player know what their role in the team is? Is there shared respect among the players and coaches? Do the players use words such as “we” when referring to the team? Have they created a positive team image for themselves? Does the team as a whole want to improve their performance? Does each member consider themselves as a “team player”? A winning team has players that share common goals and a common dream. Teams come together through shared attitudes about a particular sport. They may come together for a number of different reasons, but their goals are the same—to achieve top performance and experience success. The ends may be different but the means by which one gets there is the same—teamwork. Teamwork is something that must be on top of the list. Every player needs to understand how important it is for them to work smoothly together if they want to be successful. Each player must be true to the whole team and be willing to act unselfishly. When challenges（挑战） come, the team needs to deal with them in a positive manner. A sense of teamwork will play an important part in this. Just remember T. E. A．M. —Together Everyone Achieves More! 1．What can make a great team? 2．How many things should be considered when you are looking at your team? 3．How do teams come together according to the passage? 4．What will a team need to do when challenges come? 5．If you were a team leader, which one teamwork element (from the article) would you focus on most? Why and how to practice it? 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 情态动词（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01  can 的用法 知识点02 must 的用法 知识点03 should 的用法 知识点04 need 的用法 知识点05 have to 的用法 知识点07 had better 的用法 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法填空 完成句子 1. 情态动词的基本词义与语气强弱； 2. must 与 have to 的区别； 3. 回答时的注意事项； 1. 语境化考查：将情态动词放入日常对话、校规、等真实语境中，要求根据语气选择正确选项； 2. 易混辨析：mustn’t 与 don’t have to、can 与 may、needn’t 与 mustn’t 等是高频易错点。； 3. 跨学科融合：结合规则、环保、健康生活等话题考查。 知识梳理·方法技巧 情态动词概述 1. 定义： 情态动词表示说话人的语气、态度或情感，如能力、可能性、必要性、建议等。 2. 共同特征： 不能单独作谓语，必须接动词原形。没有人称和数的变化（have to 除外）。否定句直接在情态动词后加 not。 3. 八重点情态动词一览： 情态动词 词义 否定形式 用法要点 can 能，会；可以 can’t 表示能力、允许、可能性 must 必须 mustn’t（禁止） 表示义务、强制；否定表示禁止 should 应该 shouldn’t 表示建议、劝告、义务 need 需要 needn’t（不必） 表示必要性；否定表示“不必” have to 不得不 don’t/doesn’t have to 客观需要，有人称/数/时态变化 had better 最好 had better not 表示建议，后接动词原形 知识点01 can的用法 1. 表示能力（＝be able to）： She can speak three languages. 2. 表示请求或允许（口语中常用）： Can I use your pen? 3. 表示可能性（常用于否定句或疑问句）： It can’t be true. 典例01 （2025·八年级下·南京期中）— ______ I smoke here? — No, you ______. Look at the sign “No smoking”. A. Can; can’t   B. May; mustn’t   C. Must; needn’t   D. Should; shouldn’t 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：——我可以在这里吸烟吗？——不，你禁止吸烟。看那个“禁止吸烟”的标志。第一空表示请求允许，用 May 或 Can；第二空根据标志，表示“禁止”，应用 mustn’t。故选 B。 易｜错｜点｜拨 can 与 may 都可表示“允许”，但 can 更口语化；can’t 表示“不可能”，语气很强。 典例02 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）If you save 20 yuan every month, you ________ buy that storybook in two months. A．can B．will C．must D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果你每个月存20元，你就能够在两个月后买那本故事书。 can能够；will将要；must必须；should应该。根据“If you save 20 yuan ... buy that storybook”可知，存钱后 具备购买的经济能力，表示能够做某事，应填can。 即时检测 1.（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）I saw Wei Fang in the library just now, so she _________ be at home. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我刚才在图书馆看到魏芳了，所以她不可能在家。 can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。前半句说“我刚才在图书馆看到魏芳了”，所以她在家就是不可能的事情，表示有把握的否定推测用can’t。 2．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—I think I have eaten too much. Now I feel really tired and sluggish. —Maybe you ________ drink some water and take a short walk. It might help you feel better. A．can B．shall C．must D．would 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我觉得我吃得太多了。现在我感觉真的很累，而且反应迟钝。——也许你可以喝点水，散散步。这可能会让你感觉好些。 “can”意为“可以；能够”，用于提出建议或表示能力；“shall”常用于第一人称，表示将来或征求意见；“must”意为“必须”，语气较为强烈；“would”意为“将会”，常用于虚拟语气或表示意愿。根据前句“Now I feel really tired and sluggish.”以及后句“It might help you feel better.”，可知此处是在提出建议，用“can”表示“可以”，符合语境。 3．（25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Hey, Sandy! I’ve had a problem recently. ________ you give me some advice? A．Must B．Can C．Should D．May 【答案】B 【详解】句意：嘿，桑迪！我最近遇到一个问题。你能给我一些建议吗？ Must必须；Can能、可以；Should应该；May可以。根据前句“我最近遇到一个问题”可知，说话人正在寻求建议，此处表示请求对方做某事，在日常口语中常用Can引导疑问句来表示请求。 4．（25-26六年级下·黑龙江绥化·开学考试）—Can you play the drums? —________. A．Yes, I can’t B．Yes, I can. C．No, I can. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你会打鼓吗？——是的，我会。 Can引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答结构为“Yes, 主语 + can.”，否定回答结构为“No, 主语 + can’t.”。选项A和选项C前后肯定与否定矛盾，不符合语法逻辑，只有B项前后一致。应填Yes, I can. 知识点02 must的用法 1. 表示“必须”（主观义务）： You must finish your homework first. 2. 表示“禁止”（否定式 mustn’t）： You mustn’t tell anyone about this secret. 3. 表示“一定”（肯定推测）： He looks tired. He must be sleepy. 解｜题｜技｜巧 以 Must 开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用 Yes, you must.；否定回答用 No, you needn’t / don’t have to.（不必）， 而不用 mustn’t（禁止）。 典例01 （2025·八年级下·无锡期中）— Must I finish the report today? — No, you ______. You can hand it in tomorrow. A. mustn’t   B. can’t   C. needn’t   D. shouldn’t 【答案】 C 【解析】 句意：——我必须今天完成报告吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天交。Must 引导的一般疑问句， 否定回答用 needn’t 或 don’t have to。故选 C。 典例02 （25-26九年级上·江苏无锡·月考）In recent years, the audience________buy the concert tickets with their own ID cards. A．can B．might C．should D．must 【答案】D 【详解】句意：近年来，观众必须凭本人身份证购买音乐会门票。 can能够、可以；might可能、或许；should应该；must必须。句子描述的是强制性的购票规定（凭身份证购票是硬性要求），must表示义务，语气最强。故选D。 易｜错｜点｜拨 must表示义务，语气最强，表示必须做… 即时检测 1.（25-26六年级下·全国·课前预习）我们必须尊重老师。 We _________ _________ our teachers. 【答案】must respect 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，英文句子缺少“必须尊重”。must“必须”，情态动词；respect“尊重”，动词，情态动词后用动词原形。故填must；respect。 2．（24-25六年级下·全国·单元测试）We must wear school uniforms on Monday. (对划线部分提问) What ________ you ________ on Monday? 【答案】must do 【详解】句意：我们周一必须穿校服。划线部分是“wear school uniforms”，此处询问周一必须做什么，原句含有情态动词must，疑问句需将must提到主语you之前，后跟动词原形do。 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）He must finish his homework before helping others. (改为否定句) He ________ finish his homework before helping others. 【答案】doesn’t have to 【详解】句意：他必须先完成作业，然后再去帮助别人。must的否定形式mustn’t“禁止”，与原句意义不符，故应使用don’t have to“不必”，主语“He”为第三人称单数。故填doesn’t have to。 4．（25-26六年级下·全国·单元测试）Don’t eat in the lab. Don’t drink in the lab. (合并为一句，并保持句子意思不变) We ________ eat ________ drink in the lab. 【答案】mustn’t/can’t or 【详解】句意：不要在实验室吃东西。不要在实验室喝东西。原句表达的是“既不能在实验室吃东西，也不能在实验室喝东西”，是对两个动作的否定，mustn’t“禁止”，can’t“不能”，均可以表达否定的含义，且因为是否定句，第二空用or连接两个动作。 知识点03 should的用法 1. 表示“应该”（建议、劝告、义务）： You should see a doctor. 2. 表示“按理应当”： The train should arrive at 6 p.m. 典例01 （2025·八年级下·郑州期中）You look pale. You ______ lie down and have a rest. A. should   B. must   C. can   D. may 【答案】 A 【解析】 句意：你脸色苍白。你应该躺下休息一下。根据语境，这是给对方的建议，用 should 最合适。 故选 A。 即时检测 1.（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）你下次不应该吃那么多。 You _________ _________ so much next time. 【答案】 shouldn’t eat 【详解】原句中“不应该”“吃”是关键词，表示“不应该”的单词是shouldn’t，情态动词后接动词原形，“吃”用eat，故填shouldn’t；eat。 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We ought to protect wild animals. (改为同义句，用 should) _________________________________ 【答案】We should protect wild animals. 【详解】句意：我们应该保护野生动物。ought to意为“应该”，与情态动词should同义，后接动词原形protect。 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We should help people in need.（对划线部分提问） ________ ________ we ________? 【答案】 What should do 【详解】句意：我们应该帮助有需要的人。划线部分为“help people in need”是一个动作，对动作提问用疑问词what，位于句首，首字母应该大写。should为情态动词，提至主语前，后接动词原形do“做”。 4．（25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）我们应该诚实，不应该撒谎。 We ________ be honest and ________ tell lies. 【答案】 should shouldn’t 【详解】句意：我们应该诚实，不应该撒谎。根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“应该”和“不应该”。情态动词“should”表示“应该”，其否定形式“shouldn’t”表示“不应该”，后均接动词原形。故填should；shouldn’t。 知识点04 need 的用法 1. 作情态动词（常用于否定句和疑问句）： You needn’t worry about me. Need I come to the meeting? 2. 作实义动词（有人称和数的变化，后接 to do）： He needs to finish his homework. 解｜题｜技｜巧 need 作情态动词时，无三单形式，后接动词原形，否定为 needn’t。 need 作实义动词时，有 need to do，否定用 don’t/doesn’t need to。 典例01 （2025·八年级下·苏州期中）— ______ I clean the room now? — No, you needn’t. You can do it later. A. Must  B. Need  C. Can  D. Should 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：——我现在需要打扫房间吗？——不，你不必。你可以晚点再做。根据答语 “you needn’t” 可知，问句是用 Need 提问。故选 B。 典例02 （25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）—Must I return the book to the library today?   —No, you ________. You can keep it for another week. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我必须今天把书还给图书馆吗？——不，你不必。你可以再保留一个星期。 mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。以“Must”开头的一般疑问句，否定回答用needn’t，表示不必做某事。 即时检测 1. （25-26七年级上·上海浦东新·期末）You ________ open the door with the key because the smart lock can recognize your face and open it by itself. A．need B．need to C．don’t need D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你不必用钥匙开门，因为智能锁可以识别你的脸并自动打开门。 根据“because the smart lock can recognize your face and open it by itself.”可知，用钥匙开门是不必要的，表示 “不必”。need作情态动词时，否定形式为needn’t，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，否定形式为don’t need to。 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·课后作业）—Mom, must I finish my homework before dinner?   —No, you ________. You can do it after dinner if you are tired. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我必须在晚饭前完成作业吗？——不，你不必。如果你累了，你可以晚饭后做。 can’t不能；mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该。对于must引导的一般疑问句，否定回答表示“不 必”，常用needn’t 或don’t have to，而mustn’t表示“禁止”，语气过重，不符合语境。 2. （25-26七年级下·全国·单元测试）You ________ regret what you’ve done. What you ________ do is to learn your lesson and start over. A．need not; need to B．don’t need; need to C．don’t need; need D．needn’t to; need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你不必为你所做的事后悔。你需要做的是吸取教训，重新开始。 第一空：need作情态动词时，否定形式为need not或needn’t，后接动词原形regret，符合题意；若作实义动 词否定形式应为don’t need to，选项 B、C 缺少to，排除；D项needn’t后不能加to，排除。第二空：need 作实义动词，结构为need to do sth.，need to符合题意。 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）我需要把雨伞放在外面吗？ —Need I put the umbrella outside? —Yes, you ________. 是的，你必须 (放在外面)。 —No, you ________. 不，你不必 (放在外面)。 【答案】 must needn’t 【详解】结合中英文提示可知，肯定答复中缺“必须”，其对应的英文表达为must；否定答复中缺“不必”， 其对应的英文表达为needn’t。故填must；needn’t。 知识点05 have to 的用法 1. 表示“不得不”（客观需要）： It’s raining hard. We have to stay at home. 2. 与 must 的区别： must 表示说话人的主观义务（必须）。 have to 表示外部条件迫使的“不得不”。 易｜混｜辨｜析 must VS have to 含义 必须（主观） 不得不（客观） 人称/时态 无变化 有（has to, had to） 否定 mustn’t（禁止） don’t have to（不必） 疑问 Must I...? Do I have to...? 典例01 （2025·八年级下·常州期中）My grandfather ______ get up early when he was young. A. must   B. had to   C. may   D. could 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：我爷爷年轻时不得不早起。时间状语 “when he was young” 表示过去，且表示客观需要，用 had to。故选 B。 典例02 （25-26七年级下·全国·随堂练习）In thick fog, people ________ close the highway. A．have to B．has to C．can D．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在大雾天气，人们不得不关闭高速公路。     have to不得不；has to不得不（主语为第三人称单数）；can可以；may可能。主语people是复数，且根据常识，大雾天气下为了安全必须关闭高速公路，应使用have to。 即时检测 1.（25-26八年级下·全国·课前预习）You ________ be too nervous. Just relax and be brave enough to show yourself. A．might not B．mustn’t C．should D．don’t have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你不必太紧张。放松点，勇敢地去展示你自己。 might not可能不；mustn’t禁止；should应该；don’t have to不必。根据“Just relax and be brave enough to show yourself.”可知，说话者在安慰对方，表示没有必要紧张。 2．（25-26七年级下·全国·单元测试）They had to ________ many problems when they started the business. A．face B．faced C．facing D．faces 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们创业时不得不面对许多问题。 have to do sth“必须做某事”，情态动词have to后接动词face“面对”的原形。 3．（25-26七年级下·全国·随堂练习）—Does Peter ________ finish reading the thick book this week? —No, he ________. He can break it up into several parts. A．have to; needn’t B．used to; doesn’t C．need; mustn’t D．had better; can’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——彼得本周必须读完这本厚书吗？——不，他不必。他可以把它分成几部分。 have to不得不；used to过去常常；need需要；had better最好。第一空根据“finish reading the thick book this week”可知是指必须读完这本厚书；第二空根据后句“他可以把它分成几部分”可知表示“不必”，needn’t符合语境。 知识点06 had better 的用法 1. 表示“最好”（建议，语气较强）： You had better see a doctor. 2. 否定形式：had better not + 动词原形： You had better not stay up too late. 易｜错｜警｜示 had better 中的 had 不是过去式，无人称和时态变化。否定时 not 加在 better 之后。 典例01 （2025·八年级下·南通期中）You look tired. You ______ go to bed late tonight. A. had better   B. had better not   C. would like   D. would like to 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：你看起来很累。你今晚最好不要太晚睡觉。根据 tired 可知，建议不要晚睡，用 had better not。故选 B。 典例02 （25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）You’d better ________ too much junk food. It’s bad for your health. A．not eat B．not to eat C．eat D．to eat 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你最好不要吃太多垃圾食品。它对健康有害。 had better意为“最好”，后接动词原形，否定形式为had better not do sth.，此处表示否定建议，应用not eat。 即时检测 1．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）You’d better pick a narrow topic. (改为否定句) _________________________________ 【答案】You’d better not pick a narrow topic. 【详解】句意：你最好选一个狭窄的主题。“had better”的否定形式是在其后面直接加“not”，即“had better not do sth.”表示“最好不要做某事”，其他部分保持不变。故填You’d better not pick a narrow topic. 2．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）We should get up early. (同义句转换) We’d ________ ________ up early. 【答案】 better get 【详解】句意：我们应该早起。改为同义句，应用短语We’d better do sth.“我们最好做某事”，其后接动词原形get。 3．（25-26八年级下·全国·单元测试）你最好不要熬夜，那对你的身体不好。 You’d ________ ________ stay up late. It’s bad for your health. 【答案】 better not 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“最好不要”的英文表达，had better (not) do sth.是表达建议的固定句型，意为“最好 (不) 做某事”，You’d是You had的缩写，根据中文意思“你最好不要熬夜”可知，需要使用否定形式had better not do sth.，故填better；not。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（25-26八年级下·吉林·期中）You have a bad fever. You ________ go to see a doctor at once. A．may B．can’t C．should 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你发高烧了。你应该马上去看医生。 考查情态动词辨析。may可以；can’t不能；should应该。根据“You have a bad fever.”可知，此处表示“应该”看医生。故选C。 2．（25-26八年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）—Look! It ________ be Mr. Wang. —No, it ________ be him. He has gone abroad. A．may; mustn’t B．must; may not C．must; can’t D．can; may not 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——看！那一定是王先生。——不，不可能是他。他已经出国了。 考查情态动词的用法。may可能；mustn’t禁止；must一定；may not不得；can’t不可能；can能。根据“Look! It…be Mr. Wang.”可知，说话者看到某人，认为那很可能是王先生，表达一种高度确定的推测，应使用must，表示“一定”；根据答语“He has gone abroad.”可知，他已出国，因此不可能是他，否定推测用can’t。故选C。 3．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）— You ________ write him a letter to say you are sorry for it. — I’m not good at writing letters. I want to talk about it ________ the phone. A．should; in B．should; on C．could; by 【答案】B 【详解】句意：—— 你应该给他写封信，说你对此很抱歉。 —— 我不擅长写信。我想在电话里谈论这件事。考查情态动词和介词。should应该；could能够；in通过某种方式；on在……上面；by由……；被……。第一空，根据“...to say you are sorry for it”可知，此处指应该写一封信道歉，表示建议；第二空，on the phone是固定短语，意为“通过电话，在电话里”。故选B。 4．（24-25八年级下·黑龙江绥化·期中）—Can I _______ The Old Man and the Sea, Mrs. Zhao? —Sure, it’s very interesting, but you can’t _______ it to others. A．lend; borrow B．borrow; lend C．borrow; lent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——赵老师，我能借《老人与海》吗？——当然，它很有趣，但你不能借给别人。 考查动词辨析：borrow借入，动词原形；lend借出，动词原形；lent借出，动词过去式。根据“Can I...The Old Man and the Sea, Mrs. Zhao?”可知，第一空是“我”向赵老师借书，用borrow；根据“but you can’t...it to others.”可知，第二空是赵老师提醒他“不能借给别人”，用lend，且can’t为情态动词，后接动词原形。故选B。 5．（24-25八年级下·北京海淀·期中）—______ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I want to watch one show first. A．May B．Must C．Need D．Could 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能去遛狗吗？——好的，但我想先看一个节目。 考查情态动词辨析。May可能；Must必须；Need需要；Could能。根据“...you please take the dog for a walk?”可知，此处是请求对方把狗带出去散步，应用情态动词could，表示比较委婉的请求。故选D。 6．（24-25八年级下·甘肃张掖·期中）—________ you please take the dog for a walk? —OK, but I have to fold the clothes first. A．Must B．Should C．Could D．May 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能去遛狗吗？——好的，但我得先叠衣服。 考查情态动词。Must必须；Should应该；Could可以；May可以。Could you please...?是表示请求的常用句型，语气委婉客气，表示麻烦对方做某事。故选C。 7．（24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中）You _______ listen to your teacher in class. A．mustn’t B．should C．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该在课堂上听老师讲话。 考查动词辨析。mustn’t禁止；should应该；shouldn’t不应该。根据“You...listen to your teacher in class.”可知，此处表示你应该在课堂上听老师讲话。故选B。 8．（24-25八年级下·湖南长沙·期中）_______ I borrow your pen, please? A．Could B．Should C．Do 【答案】A 【详解】句意：请问我可以借你的钢笔吗？ 考查动词辨析。Could能，可以；Should应该；Do助动词。根据“...I borrow your pen, please?”可知，这里是向对方借东西，应询问“可不可以”，故选A。 9．（24-25八年级下·上海青浦·期中）In order to keep healthy, you ________ do enough exercise and have a good diet. A．need B．may C．ought to D．has to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，你应当做足够的锻炼并保持良好饮食。 考查情态动词辨析。need需要；may可能；ought to应该；has to必须。根据“do enough exercise and have a good diet”可知，做足够的锻炼和保持良好饮食是为了保持健康而提出的建议，表示建议用ought to。need在肯定句中为实义动词，后跟不定式作宾语，故排除。故选C。 10．（24-25八年级下·北京海淀·期中）________ you please help me with this heavy box? I can’t carry it by myself. A．Should B．Could C．Must D．May 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你能帮我搬这个重箱子吗？我自己搬不动它。 考查情态动词辨析。Should应该；Could能，可以；Must必须；May可以。根据“...you please help me with this heavy box”和“I can’t carry it by myself”可知，此处是委婉请求对方提供帮助，Could用于请求时语气更礼貌自然，故选B。 11．（24-25八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）According to the traffic law, children under 16 ________ ride e-bikes on the road. A．mustn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．couldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：根据交通法规，16岁以下的儿童禁止在道路上骑电动自行车。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；不许；can’t不能；不会；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能。这里是交通法规的强制禁止，用mustn’t表示。故选A。 12．（24-25八年级下·上海闵行·期中）—________ I park my car here for a while? —No, you mustn’t. Do you see the sign “NO PARKING”? A．Would B．Need C．Must D．May 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我可以把车停在这里一会儿吗？——不行，你不许。你看到“禁止停车”的标志了吗？ 考查情态动词。Would愿意；Need需要；Must必须；May可以。根据“I park my car here for a while?”及“No, you mustn’t.”可知，问句是请求许可，用May表示。故选D。 13．（24-25八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）—Could we read storybooks right now? —No, you ________. You must finish the work first. A．needn’t B．won’t C．mustn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我们可以马上读故事书吗？——不，你们不能。你们必须先完成工作。 考查情态动词辨析。needn’t没有必要；won’t不会；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能，不可以。Could we do sth?表示委婉提出请求，根据“No, you...You must finish the work first.”可知，后者拒绝了前者的请求。故选D。 14．（24-25八年级下·天津滨海新区·期中）The dictionary ________ Tom’s because his name is on it. A．mustn’t be B．must be C．can be D．can’t be 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这本字典一定是汤姆的，因为上面有他的名字。 考查情态动词。mustn’t be一定不是；must be一定是；can be可能是；can’t be不可能是。根据“because his name is on it”可知，因为有他的名字在上面，所以此处表示肯定推测，用must be。故选B。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、完成句子。 1．（24-25八年级下·甘肃张掖·期中）我们不能推迟制定计划了。 We can’t ________ _______ making a plan. 【答案】 put off 【详解】根据句意及空处可知，缺少“推迟”的表达。put off“推迟”，其中“off”为介词，后接名词或动名词。“can’t”是情态动词，后接动词原形，因此“put”用原形。故填put；off。 2．（24-25八年级下·北京·期中）你出门最好带上雨伞。 You ________ the umbrella with you when you go out. 【答案】had better take 【详解】had better do sth“最好做某事”；take“携带”，动词。故填had better take。 3．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）我们应该阻止人们砍伐山上的那些树。 We should ________ people ________ ________ ________ the trees on the mountain. 【答案】 stop from cutting down 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“阻止”和“砍伐”，stop sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，固定搭配，情态动词should后接动词原形；cut down“砍伐”，固定搭配，介词from后要用动名词，cut的动名词形式为cutting。故填stop；from；cutting；down。 4．（24-25八年级下·江苏常州·期中）为了保持健康，她不得不拒绝吃垃圾食品。 To keep healthy, she _______________________________________ junk food. 【答案】has to refuse to eat 【详解】不得不：have to，其后跟动词原形；主语是she，谓语动词用has；拒绝做某事：refuse to do sth.，动词短语；吃：eat。故填has to refuse to eat。 5．（24-25八年级下·山东菏泽·期中）你能打扫一下你的房间吗? ________ you please ________ your room? 【答案】 Could clean 【详解】据句意可知，此处表示委婉地提出请求，用“Could you please...”这个结构来表达“你能……吗？”；“打扫房间”常用短语“clean one’s room”，在“Could you please...”这个结构中，情态动词could后接动词原形，所以这里用“clean”。故填Could；clean。 6．（24-25八年级下·陕西延安·期中）尽管有些人可能讨厌狗，但他从不介意。 Even though some people might ________ dogs, he never minded. 【答案】hate 【详解】根据汉语提示可知，空处所缺内容是“讨厌”，英文表达为hate，might是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填hate。 7．（24-25八年级下·广东广州·期中）在中国文化中，老人应该受到很好的照顾。 The old people ________ ________ ________ ________ well in Chinese culture. 【答案】 should be looked after 【详解】据句意可知，此处表示“老人应该受到很好的照顾”，其中“应该”用情态动词“should”来表达；“受到很好的照顾”则使用被动语态“be looked after”，因为老人是“被照顾”的对象。故填should；be；looked；after。 8．（24-25八年级下·山东菏泽·期中）我们应该每天做运动。 _______ ________ exercise every day. 【答案】 We   should   【详解】“我们”we，作主语；“应该”should，情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填We；should。 9．（24-25八年级下·北京·期中）你能倒一下垃圾吗？ ________ ________ please take out the rubbish? 【答案】 Would/Could you 【详解】根据语境可知，此句为礼貌请求；此处缺少“你能”的对应表达；表示请求的常用礼貌句型为“Would/Could you...”。故填Would/Could；you。 10．（24-25八年级上·福建漳州·期中）You had better go to school today.(改为否定句) You had better ________ ________ to school today. 【答案】 not go 【详解】句意：你今天最好去上学。had better do sth“最好做某事”，否定形式是“had better not do sth”，意为“最好不要做某事”，所以第一空填not，第二空填动词原形go。故填not；go。 11．（25-26八年级上·湖南·课后作业）Can you buy some food for lunch? (换一种更有礼貌的表达) ________ you ________ ________ some food for lunch? 【答案】 Could please buy 【详解】句意：你能买些午饭吃的食物吗？原句是以Can开头的一般疑问句，换一种更礼貌的表达常用Could you please do sth.意为“请你做某事好吗？”。故填Could；please；buy。 二、句型转换。 1．（24-25八年级下·上海静安·期中）Three trees can do the job of 15 air conditioners. (改为一般疑问句) _______ three trees _______ the job of 15 air conditioners? 【答案】 Can do 【详解】句意：三棵树可以做15台空调的工作。原句中含有情态动词can，改为一般疑问句，需要将can提至主语“three trees”前，其后接动词原形do，且句首首字母要大写。故填Can；do。 2．（23-24八年级下·安徽安庆·月考）You should eat some vegetables. (改为否定句) You ________ eat ________ vegetables. 【答案】 shouldn’t any 【详解】句意：你应该吃些蔬菜。原句改为否定句，should的否定形式是shouldn’t，后接动词原形，some用于肯定句中，变为否定句要用any。故填shouldn’t；any。 3．（20-21八年级下·江西萍乡·期中）Could you please clean your room now?（改为否定句） Could you please ________ ________ your room now? 【答案】 not clean 【详解】句意：你现在能打扫房间吗？根据could you please+动词原形“你能……吗”的否定形式是could you please not+动词原形？动词原形clean“打扫”，故填not；clean。 4．（20-21八年级下·江苏南通·月考）Lin Tao has to get up early to catch the bus every weekday.（改为否定句） Lin Tao ________ ________ to get up early to catch the bus every weekday. 【答案】 doesn’t have 【详解】句意：林涛每个工作日都得早起赶公共汽车。考查情态动词have to的否定。由本题的“has”可知，该题是一般现在时态并且主语是第三人称单数，因此需要借助于助动词does构成否定，因此第一空为doesn’t，此时has还原为have。故填doesn’t have。 5．（20-21八年级上·江苏徐州·期中）You'd better stay at home. (改为否定句) You'd better ________ ________ at home. 【答案】 not stay 【详解】句意：你最好待在家里。had better do sth的否定是had better not do sth，意为“最好不要做某事”。故填not；stay。 6．（24-25八年级下·上海杨浦·期中）You are not allowed to play in the fountains. (保持句意基本不变) You ________ ________ in the fountains. 【答案】 mustn’t play 【详解】句意：你不被允许在喷泉里玩耍。根据“You are not allowed to play in the fountains.”可知。若要保持句意基本不变，需从否定含义的角度转换，mustn’t play表示“禁止玩耍”，与原句肯定含义一致，故填mustn’t；play。 7．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Water is very precious, so we should save it. (保持句意不变) Water is very precious, so we ________ ________ save it. 【答案】 ought to 【详解】句意：水非常珍贵，所以我们应该节约用水。should=ought to“应该”。故填ought；to。 8．（21-22八年级下·安徽合肥·期中）Perhaps Maria is in her room now. (改为同义句) Maria _________ ___________ in her room now. 【答案】 may be 【详解】句意：也许玛丽亚现在在她的房间里。perhaps“可能”，副词；分析句子可知，此空应填谓语，may be“可能是”，情态动词+动词原形作谓语。故填may；be。 9．（21-22八年级下·河南郑州·期中）They needn’t sweep the snow right now. (改为同义句) ________________ for them to sweep the snow right now. 【答案】There is no need/There’s no need 【详解】句意：他们现在不必扫雪。根据“right now”可知，时态用一般现在时，根据“...for them to sweep the snow”可知，可替换为句型：There is no need for sb to do sth“某人没必要做某事”。故填There is no need/There’s no need。 10．（24-25八年级下·广东揭阳·期中）Helen could visit the sick kids in the hospital. （对划线部分提问） _________ could Helen _________ in the hospital? 【答案】 What do 【详解】句意：海伦可以去医院看望生病的孩子。题目要求对“visit the sick kids”进行提问，即“海伦在医院可以做什么？”；对动作进行提问，要用疑问词“What”，原句中含有情态动词“could”，此处用“do”来代替具体的动作，动词要用原形。故填What；do。 11．（22-23八年级下·全国·课后作业）Mrs. White should talk to her daughter. (对划线部分提问) ________ ________ Mrs. white ________? 【答案】 What should do 【详解】句意：怀特夫人应该和她女儿谈谈。划线部分“talk to her daughter”是做的事情，此处应询问“做什么”，疑问词用what，变疑问句时把情态动词should放主语之前，其后加动词原形do。故填What；should；do。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1、 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的情态动词（每空一词）。 Last night, I couldn’t find my phone. I 1. ______ have left it in the office, but I wasn’t sure. I called my colleague, but he 2. ______ not answer his phone. He 3. ______ have been sleeping. Later, I remembered that I 4. ______ use my phone to take photos in the park. So I went back there. Luckily, an old man said, “You 5. ______ be more careful next time. Here is your phone.” I thanked him. From now on, I 6. ______ keep my valuable things in a safe place. 【答案及解析】 1. must 详解：根据语境“长途飞行后很累”，表示有把握的推测，用 must。 2.may / might 详解：后文说“我不确定”，表示可能性不大的推测，用 may 或 might。 3.need 详解：“You need not worry” 表示“不必担心”，need 作情态动词用于否定句。 4.must / have to 详解：表示“必须”，因是规定或要求，用 must 或 have to。 5.can / may 详解：表示“可以”，允许或建议，用 can 或 may。 6.must 详解：表示“必须”，强调规则或义务。 2、 任务型阅读 The idea of teamwork is very important to the success of any team. All coaches talk about working as one unit or as a team that plays as one. Teamwork and unselfishness（无私） create a great team; without them a team cannot play well against other teams. You can have a group of superstars, but if they do not work well as one unit, they are not going to be successful. The team working as one unit is going to be successful. Here are some things to consider when you are looking at your team: Does your team have agreed upon goals they created as a team? Do the players openly encourage and support one another? Do they have open communication with one another, as well as the coaches? Does each player know what their role in the team is? Is there shared respect among the players and coaches? Do the players use words such as “we” when referring to the team? Have they created a positive team image for themselves? Does the team as a whole want to improve their performance? Does each member consider themselves as a “team player”? A winning team has players that share common goals and a common dream. Teams come together through shared attitudes about a particular sport. They may come together for a number of different reasons, but their goals are the same—to achieve top performance and experience success. The ends may be different but the means by which one gets there is the same—teamwork. Teamwork is something that must be on top of the list. Every player needs to understand how important it is for them to work smoothly together if they want to be successful. Each player must be true to the whole team and be willing to act unselfishly. When challenges（挑战） come, the team needs to deal with them in a positive manner. A sense of teamwork will play an important part in this. Just remember T. E. A．M. —Together Everyone Achieves More! 1．What can make a great team? 2．How many things should be considered when you are looking at your team? 3．How do teams come together according to the passage? 4．What will a team need to do when challenges come? 5．If you were a team leader, which one teamwork element (from the article) would you focus on most? Why and how to practice it? 【答案】1．Teamwork and unselfishness. 2．Nine/9. 3．They come together through shared attitudes about a particular sport. 4．When challenges come, the team needs to deal with them in a positive manner with a sense of teamwork. 5．I would focus on open communication. First, open communication lets everyone share thoughts and doubts clearly—if team members don't talk about their ideas, we can't solve problems quickly. To practice it, I'd start each small team chat with a 5-minute “quick share”: everyone says one small thought or problem about our task, and we listen quietly. This helps everyone get used to speaking up. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了团队合作对于团队成功的重要性，以及建立一个成功团队需要考虑的一些关键因素。 1．根据“Teamwork and unselfishness create a great team...”可知，团队合作和无私能造就一个伟大的团队。故填Teamwork and unselfishness. 2．根据“Here are some things to consider when you are looking at your team.”以及后文“ Does your team have agreed upon goals they created as a team? … ‘team player’?”可知，以下列举了9个问题“”，所以当你在审视你的团队时，有9件事情应该被考虑。故填Nine/9. 3．根据“Teams come together through shared attitudes about a particular sport.”可知，团队因对某项运动的共同态度而凝聚。故填They come together through shared attitudes about a particular sport. 4．根据“When challenges come, the team needs to deal with them in a positive manner. A sense of teamwork will play an important part in this.”可知，当挑战来临时，团队需要以团队合作的精神用积极的方式处理它们。故填When challenges come, the team needs to deal with them in a positive manner with a sense of teamwork. 5．本题是一个开放式问题，需从文章列举的要素，如共同目标、相互鼓励、开放沟通、明确角色、相互尊重等中选择一项回答，答案需包含：明确所选要素； 解释其理由；提出具体可行的实践方法。答案需逻辑连贯，言之成理。以“开放沟通”为例，选择理由为它可以让每个人清晰地表达自己的想法和困惑，具体做法为“5分钟快速分享”。故本题可填I would focus on open communication. First, open communication lets everyone share thoughts and doubts clearly—if team members don’t talk about their ideas, we can’t solve problems quickly. To practice it, I'd start each small team chat with a 5-minute “quick share”: everyone says one small thought or problem about our task, and we listen quietly. This helps everyone get used to speaking up. 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $