Unit 8 Literature 阅读·久久为功-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书word（北师大版）

附：《阅读·久久为功》 一、背主题名句，写大气文章 1．(教材名句)Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree. —Ezra Pound 简单地说，伟大的文学就是极尽意义的语言。 ——埃兹拉·庞德 2．(教材名句)Literature is one of the most interesting and significant expressions of humanity. —Christine Gregoire 文学是人类最有趣、最重要的表达方式之一。 ——克里斯汀·格雷瓜尔 3．(教材名句)Literature and butterflies are the two sweetest passions known to man. —Vladimir Nabokov 文学和蝴蝶是人类所知的最甜蜜的两种热情。 ——弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫 4．(教材名句)Poetry is simply the most beautiful, impressive, and widely effective mode of saying things. —Matthew Arnold 诗歌就是最美丽、最感人、最有效的表达方式。 ——马修·阿诺德 5．A novel is a mirror walking along a main road. — Stendhal 一部小说犹如一面在大街上行走的镜子。 ——司汤达 6．When one loves one's art, no service seems too hard. —O.Henry 当一个人热爱自己的艺术时，什么奉献也不难。 ——欧·亨利 7．A great poem is a fountain forever overflowing with the waters of wisdom and delight. —Shelley 一首伟大的诗犹如一座喷泉，不断地喷出智慧和快乐的泉水。 ——雪莱 8．People have always believed that poetry has a magical power, because it can lift people's spirits. —Bacon 人们历来认为，诗歌有一种神奇的力量，因为它能振奋人们的精神。 ——培根 二、课文不厌百遍读，书中自有“黄金屋” Lesson 1　The Last Leaf(最后一片叶子) Greenwich Village is a place where the art people came together, hunting for apartments with north－facing windows and low rents.At the top of a three－story building, Sue and Johnsy had their studio. in Greenwich Village. Mr Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay, barely moving, wall under her blanket. [课文对译] 格林威治村是个艺术人士聚集的地方，他们在那里寻找窗户朝北且租金低廉的公寓。苏和约翰西的画室就在一座三层楼的顶楼。 十一月的时候，一个冷酷无情、肉眼看不见、医生称之为“肺炎”的不速之客，来到了格林威治村。“肺炎先生”把他冰冷的手指放在约翰西身上，于是她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子，眼睛盯着一堵空墙。 [难句破解]　 句①：whom引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词stranger。 句②：barely moving和staring at a blank wall under her blanket为现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。 The doctor took Sue aside and claimed, “She has one chance in — let us say, ten.And that chance is for her to want to live.Try to encourage her to think more hopeful thoughts, about the future, about living.” Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy's room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Johnsy's spirits.Johnsy's eyes were open, but they weren't watching her.Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards: “Ten, nine, eight, seven ...” [课文对译] 医生把苏拉到一边，说：“她的病只有，这么说吧，只有一成希望，这一成希望在于她自己要不要活下去。试着鼓励她多想想有希望的事情、想想未来、想想活下去。” 苏拿了几张纸和一支钢笔来到约翰西的房间，开始画钢笔画，试着让约翰西打起精神。约翰西的眼睛是睁着的，但并没有看苏。相反，她凝视着窗外，倒数着：“十，九，八，七……” “What are you counting, dear？” asked Sue.“They're falling faster now，” replied Johnsy.“Three days ago there were almost a hundred.But now it's easy.There are only five left now.Five leaves on the ivy vine.When the last one falls, I must go, too.Didn't the doctor tell you？” “Oh, I never heard of such nonsense，” quickly replied Sue.But Johnsy's mind was made up.“I want to see the last one fall.I'm tired of waiting.I want to go sailing down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.” [课文对译] “你在数什么啊，亲爱的？”苏问道。“它们现在掉得更快了，三天前差不多还有一百来片。现在数起来容易了，只剩下五片了。常春藤上有五片叶子。当最后一片掉下来的时候，我就要离开人世了，难道医生没有说吗？”约翰西回答说。 “哦，我从未听过这么荒谬的话。”苏立刻答道。但是约翰西决心已定。“我想看着最后一片叶子掉下来，我已经等腻了。我想随风而逝，就像一片可怜的、疲倦的藤叶一样。” “Try to sleep，” said Sue.Then she went to fetch her neighbor, Mr Behrman, to be a model for her drawing.He was a failed painter.In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint.Sue told him about Johnsy's longing to slip away like the leaves.Behrman cried with disbelief.“ from a vine? This is not a place in which Miss Johnsy shall lie sick.Someday I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away.” [课文对译] “试着睡一会儿吧，”苏说道。然后她去叫邻居伯曼先生来做绘画模特。他是个失败的画手，40年来，他从未创作出他所渴望的杰作。苏告诉他约翰西想要像树叶一样流逝。伯曼不可置信地喊道：“世界上竟有这种傻子，认为藤叶落掉他们就得死？约翰西小姐实在不应该躺在这里生病。总有一天我要画一幅杰作，然后我们就可以离开这里。” [难句破解]　 句③：they'll die为省略连词that的宾语从句，作动词think的宾语；because引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。 Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf.What's more, a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow. The next morning, Johnsy woke and asked for the curtains to be opened.One leaf remained on the vine, “It will fall today.And I will die with it.” [课文对译] 伯曼和苏望着窗外的藤蔓，发现藤枝上只剩下最后一片叶子了。更糟糕的是，外面下起冰冷的雨来，雨夹着雪。 第二天早上，约翰西醒来，让打开窗帘。藤上还留着一片叶子，在风雨中勇敢地撑着。“它今天会掉下来的，我也会和它一同死去。” [难句破解]　 句④：bravely holding on in the wind and rain为现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。 The following day, Johnsy asked again for the curtains to be opened.The leaf was still there! Johnsy lay for a long time looking at it.“I've been a bad girl, Sue，” said Johnsy.“It is a crime to want to die.” Then she asked for some food. In the afternoon, the doctor visited, “Even chances，” said the doctor, “with good nursing, you'll win.And now I must see a fellow downstairs, Behrman.Pneumonia, too.There is no hope for him.” [课文对译] 又过了一天，约翰西又让打开窗帘。叶子还在那儿！ 约翰西躺了很久，看着它说：“我真是一个坏姑娘，苏，不想活下去是罪恶。”约翰西说，然后她要了些吃的。 下午，医生来了，“康复的希望有五成了，只要好好护理，你会胜利的。现在我得去楼下看另一个病人，伯曼先生，也是肺炎。他没有希望了。” The next day, Sue came to Johnsy's bed.“I have something to tell you，” she said.“Mr Behrman died today.He was ill for only two days.The janitor found him lying in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning.His shoes and clothing were wet through and icy cold.They couldn't imagine where he had been on such a terrible night.And then they found a lantern, still lit, and some brushes, and — look out the window, dear, at the last ivy leaf on the wall.wind blew? Ah, dear, it's Behrman's masterpiece — he painted it there the night when the last leaf fell.” [课文对译] 再过了一天，苏来到约翰西的床前。“我有些话要告诉你。”她说，“伯曼先生今天去世了。他生病只有两天时间。昨天早晨，看门人发现他无助地躺在床上，极度痛苦。他的鞋和衣服都湿透了，冰凉冰凉的。他们想不出，在那凄风冷雨的夜里，他究竟是到什么地方去了。后来，他们找到了一盏还亮着的灯笼，还有几支画刷——亲爱的，看看窗外，墙上最后的那片叶子。你不觉得奇怪嘛，为什么那片叶子在风中一动不动呢？啊，亲爱的，因为那是伯曼的杰作——那天晚上最后的一片叶子掉落时，他画上去的。” [难句破解]　 句⑤：why引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 Lesson 3　20,000 Leagues Under the Sea(海底两万里) Fact File Jules Verne (1828－1905), a French novelist, was called the “Father of Science Fiction”．He wrote a widely popular series of science fiction, including Journey to the Centre of the Earth (1864), 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1870), and Around the World in Eighty Days (1873). [课文对译] 儒勒·凡尔纳(1828－1905)，法国小说家，被誉为“科幻小说之父”。 他写了一系列广受欢迎的科幻小说，包括《地心历险记》(1864年)、《海底两万里》(1870年)和《八十天环游地球》(1873年)。　　　　 [事实档案] Might I hope to be saved? The darkness was intense.I saw a black mass disappearing in the east.It was the boat! I was lost. [课文对译] 撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。我会被救起吗？夜色沉黑，我仿佛看到一大块黑东西在东方渐渐消失了。那是我们的船！我被丢下了。 [难句破解]　 句①：so ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 “Help, help！” I shouted, swimming towards the boat in desperation.I was sinking! I couldn't breathe! “Help！” I struggled against being drawn deeper, deeper down.Suddenly I felt myself quickly drawn up to the surface of the sea; and I heard these words: “If master with much greater ease.” I grabbed my faithful Conseil's arm with one hand. [课文对译] “救命啊，救命啊！”我大喊着，绝望地朝船游去。我要沉下去了！透不过气了！“救命啊！”海水灌进嘴里，我挣扎着不被淹没。突然，我感觉自己被快速地拉出水面；我听见有人说：“如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。”我用一只手抓住忠仆康塞尔的胳膊。 [难句破解]　 句②：此处为独立主格结构，作状语。 句③：if引导与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句；so ...as to do sth.意为“如此……以致”。 “Is it you？” said I. “Myself，” answered Conseil. “That crash threw you as well as me into the sea？” “No; but, being in my master's service, I followed him.” Conseil was cool and calm.Nevertheless, our situation was no less terrible.Near one o'clock in the morning, I suddenly felt terribly tired.Conseil had to keep me up, and our preservation depended on him alone.“Leave me! Leave me！” I said to him. “Never！” replied he.“I would drown first.” [课文对译] “是你吗？”我问。 “正是我。”康塞尔回答。 “也是因为刚才的撞击掉下来的？” “不是。为了服侍先生，我就跟着下来了。” 康塞尔很冷静。不过，我们的处境仍旧很糟糕。将近凌晨一点，我突然感到极度疲惫。康塞尔不得不托着我，保全我们两个人生命的重担全落在他一人身上。“放开我吧！别管我了！”我对他说。 “不行！要沉下去也是我先沉。”他答道。 “Help! Help！” cried Conseil.It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.There was no mistake! A human voice responded to ours! Then, I know not why, the thought of the strange, terrible animal came into my head for the first time! But that voice! I had almost no strength left; my fingers could hardly move; my mouth, opening and closing, filled with salt water.I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last time, then I sank. [课文对译] “救命啊！救命啊！”康塞尔喊道。我似乎隐约听到有人回应。没错！是有个人在回应！然后，不知道为什么我第一次想到那个奇怪的、可怕的动物！可是那人声不假！我的力气已经消耗殆尽，手指变得僵硬；我的嘴一张一合，灌满了又咸又苦的海水，我越来越冷。我最后一次抬起头来，之后便沉了下去。 At this moment a hard body struck me.I held onto it; then I felt that I was being drawn up, unconscious. I soon woke up, and half opened my eyes.I saw a face which I immediately recognised.“Ned！” I cried. [课文对译] 就在这时，一个坚硬的东西撞了我一下。我紧紧地抓住了它；接着，我觉得有人往上拉我，把我拉出了水面，我的胸部不胀了——眼睛紧闭，失去了知觉。我很快就苏醒过来，半睁开眼睛，看到一张面孔立马就认了出来。“奈德！”我喊道。 [难句破解]　 句④：含有三个that引导的宾语从句，其中第一个that可以省略，其后的不可省略；my eyes closed是独立主格结构；形容词unconscious在句中作伴随状语，说明主语“I”所处的状态。 “The same, sir！” replied the Canadian. “Were you thrown into the sea when the boat crashed？” “Yes, Professor, but more fortunate than you, I was able to find safety almost immediately upon this island in the sea.Or, more correctly speaking, on this large whale.Only I soon found out why my weapon had not entered its skin, but bounced off.” “Why, Ned, why？” [课文对译] “正是我，先生！”加拿大人答道。 “你也是撞击时坠入海里的吗？” “是的，教授，但情形比您好一些，落水后不久就脱险了，遇到了海里的这个小岛。或者更准确地说，是在这条大鲸鱼身上。不过，我很快就明白了，为什么武器刺不穿它的皮肤，而是被弹开。” “为什么呢，奈德，究竟是为什么呢？” “Because that creature is made of steel.” I moved myself quickly to the top of the being, and kicked it.It was evidently a hard, solid body.The black back that supported me was smooth, polished, nothing like an animal.The blow produced a sound of metal; and, as if it was made of metal plates.This monster was a human construction.We were lying upon the back of a sort of underwater boat.I searched all over the outside for an opening, a hole, but found nothing.At last this long night passed.Daybreak appeared.Suddenly a noise came from inside the boat.One iron plate was moved, a man appeared, uttered an odd cry, and disappeared immediately.Some moments after, eight strong men, their faces covered, appeared noiselessly, and drew us down into their incredible machine. [课文对译] “因为这个生物是钢铁做的。”我迅速地爬到了它的上面，踢了一脚。显然，这是一个坚硬、结实的物体。在我脚下黑色的背脊精光溜滑，一点也不像动物。撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然听起来不可思议，但它似乎就像用铁板做成的。这个怪物是人造的。我们正躺在一只潜水船的背上。我四处查找，试图找到开口、气孔，但什么也没有。终于，漫漫长夜过去了，天亮了。突然船内传来一阵响声，一块钢板被掀了起来，出来一个人。这人怪叫一声，立刻又消失不见了。过了一会儿，八个壮汉蒙着脸，一声不响地出现了，把我们拖进了他们那不可思议的机器里。 [难句破解]　 句⑤：though引导让步状语从句，形容词提前，使用了倒装结构。 三、词汇记忆无诀窍，适时“回首”记得牢 Topic Talk 1．fiction n．　　　　　　 小说；虚构的事 2．poetry n. 诗，诗歌；诗情，诗意 拓展 3．fable n. 寓言 4．drama n. 戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件 拓展 5．genre n. (艺术、写作、音乐等的)类型，体裁 6．adventure n. 历险，奇遇 拓展|adventurous 爱冒险的；大胆的 7．romance n. 爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情 8．detective n. 侦探，警探 9．fantasy n. 幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想 10．folk adj. 民间的，民俗的 11．stimulating adj. 使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的 12．absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的，引人入胜的 拓展|absorb vt. 吸引注意力；吸收；使专心 13．subjective adj. 主观的；主语的 14．logic n. 逻辑；道理，合理的想法 15．mystery n. 难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事 16．recite vi.&vt. 背诵；朗诵 17．contradictory adj. 矛盾的；抵触的 18．riddle n. 谜，谜语；谜团 19．literary adj. 文学的 20．rhyme n. 押韵 21．structure n. 结构，构造；建筑物，结构体 22．tone n. (说话的)语气，口气，腔调； (尤指乐器或说话的)音调，音色，音质 23．setting n. (书、影片等中情节发生的)背景；环境 24．historical adj. 历史的 拓展|historic adj. 有历史意义的；历史上著名的 25．era n. 时代，年代 26．shelf n. 搁板，架子 27．submit vt. 呈送，提交，呈递 拓展|submission n. 提交；屈服 28．registration n. 登记，注册 拓展|register vt.&vi. 登记；注册 29．scan v. (用电磁波等)扫描 Lesson 1 1．unseen adj.　　　　　 未受注意的；未被看见的 2．pneumonia n. 肺炎 3．icy adj. 极冷的；被冰覆盖的 4．stare vi. 凝视，盯着看 搭配|stare at 凝视 5．blank adj. 空白的 n. (纸张上的)空白处，空格 生义|adj. 没有表情的 6．blanket n. 毯子，毛毯 7．aside adv. 到旁边，在旁边 8．backwards adv. 倒着，朝反方向；向后 反义|forward adv. 向前；今后 9．ivy n. 常春藤 10．vine n. 葡萄属植物；葡萄藤 11．nonsense n. 胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法) 12．sail vi.&vt. 飘；(乘船)航行 13．fetch vt. (去)请来；(去)拿来；(去)找来 14．slip vi. 溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒 15．disbelief n. 不信，怀疑 反义|belief n. 相信，信心；看法，信念 16．curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；帘子 17．crime n. 罪，罪行；犯罪活动 18．fellow n. 男人；家伙 19．janitor n. (学校或大楼的)看门人，门房，管理员 20．clothing n. 服装，衣服 联想 21．inch n. 英寸 联想|foot n. 英尺 Lesson 2 1．queer adj.　　　　　 奇怪的，难以解释的 2．frozen adj. (河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的 拓展|freeze v. 结冰；冻住；冷藏，冷冻 3．harness n. (马的)挽具，马具 4．sweep n. 挥动；打扫 vt.&vi. 扫，打扫 5．downy adj. 被绒毛覆盖的；充满绒毛的 6．flake n. 小薄片 7．daffodil n. 水仙(花)，黄水仙 8．wander vi.&vt. 徘徊，闲逛；漫步于 形似|wonder v. 想知道，好奇，琢磨 9．vale n. 谷；山谷 10．flutter vi.&vt. (在空中)飘扬，飘动；振(翼)，拍打(翅膀) 11．breeze n. 微风，和风 12．continuous adj. 持续的，不间断的，连续的 拓展|continue v. 继续 13．twinkle vi. 闪烁，闪耀 14．stretch vi.&vt. 延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长 15．margin n. (尤指地域或水域的)边缘，边隅； 页边的空白，页边 16．bay n. 湾，海湾 17．glance n. 一瞥，很快的一看 vi. 一瞥，看一眼 搭配|glance at 一瞥 18．toss vi.&vt. 甩头；扔，掷，抛 19．sprightly adj. 活跃的，充满活力的 20．wave n. 海浪，波涛；一阵，风潮 vi.&vt. 挥动，摆动；挥手 21．sparkling adj. 闪亮的，闪光的 22．glee n. 高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸 23．gay adj. 快乐的，兴奋的 24．jocund adj. 快活的；高兴的 25．gaze vi.&n. 凝视，盯着看；注视 搭配|gaze at 盯住；凝视 26．oft adv. 经常，时常 27．couch n. 长沙发 28．vacant adj. 空的，未被占用的 29．pensive adj. 沉思的；郁郁不乐的 30．inward adj. 内心的，精神的 反义|outward adj. 外表的，表面的 31．bliss n. 极乐，无上幸福，福佑，至福 32．solitude n. 独处，独居 Lesson 3 1．league n．　　　　　　 里格；体育运动联合会， 联赛；联盟，同盟 2．violent adj. 强烈的；暴力的，强暴的 拓展|violence n. 暴力 3．recollection n. 想起，记起 4．desperation n. 绝望；拼命，不顾一切 搭配|in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地 拓展|desperate adj. 不顾一切的；令人绝望的 5．sink vi.&vt. 下沉，沉没 6．ease n. 轻易，毫不费劲 搭配|at ease 放松；安逸 7．grab vt. 攫取，抓住 8．nevertheless adv. 然而，不过；尽管如此 9．preservation n. 维护；保护；保持，维持；保存 拓展 10．drown vi.&vt. (使)淹死，(使)溺毙 11．strike vi.&vt. 打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n. 罢工；打击 12．chest n. 胸部，胸膛 13．unconscious adj. 不省人事的，失去知觉的 反义|conscious adj. 意识到的；神志清醒的 14．being n. 生物(尤指人)；诞生；出现；存在 15．whale n. 鲸 16．weapon n. 武器，兵器；凶器 17．bounce vi.&vt. (使)弹起，(使)反弹 18．steel n. 钢，钢铁 19．evidently adv. 明显地，显然 拓展|evident adj. 明显的 20．solid adj. 固体的；坚硬的 21．polished adj. 擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的 22．construction n. 建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑 23．daybreak n. 黎明，破晓 24．utter vt. (尤指吃力地)发出(声音) Writing Workshop 1．continuation n．　　　 延续，继续部分 2．aboard prep.&adv. 在(船，飞机，火车)上； 上(船，飞机，火车) 形似 3．seaman n. 水手，海员；水兵 4．comfort vt. 安慰，抚慰 n. 舒适感，满足感 拓展|comfortable adj. 舒适的 5．take ...for granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视) Reading Club 1&2 1．emotional adj.　　　 情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的 拓展|emotion n. 情绪 2．scholar n. 有学问的人；学者 3．poison n. 毒药，毒素，毒物 vt. 毒害，毒杀 拓展|poisonous adj. 有毒的 4．forgive vi.&vt. 原谅，宽恕，饶恕 5．fence vi. 击剑 n. 栅栏，围栏，篱笆 6．handkerchief n. 手帕 7．noble adj. 高尚的，崇高的；贵族的 四、范文佳作多背诵，写作增分最实用 (一)单元写作任务范文背诵 写作话题 1　文学作品介绍 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文学很感兴趣，并请你向他推荐一部优秀的中国文学作品。请你给他回信，内容包括。 1．书的题目和作者； 2．书的主要内容； 3．你的推荐理由。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear Jim， Knowing that you are interested in Chinese literature， ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [推荐范文] Dear Jim， Knowing that you are interested in Chinese literature, I'm writing to recommend a well－known Chinese book to you, whose title is The Ordinary World. The book was written by a famous Chinese writer, Lu Yao.It centers on the life and destinies of three families of Sun, Tian and Jin in a village.It pictures the tough process of building up a better and healthier life in the 1970s in China.When you read the book, there is no doubt that you will be greatly affected by the courage and spirit of the main characters.Besides, you will learn about the traditional Chinese culture, which helps you broaden your horizons.In a word, the book will be of great benefit to you. I would be very delighted if you can accept my recommendation.Looking forward to your view of this book. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 写作话题 2　唐诗介绍 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Wendy非常喜欢中国文化，给你写信想了解唐诗。请你根据下列要点提示给她写一封回信，对唐诗加以介绍： 1．形式多样：有古体诗和近体诗，就字数来看基本上有五言和七言两种； 2．题材广泛：反映社会状况、描绘风景等； 3．著名诗人。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [推荐范文] Dear Wendy， I'm so glad to receive your letter.And it is really a coincidence that you asked me about the Tang poetry，and I just have learnt something about it. The Tang poems are various in forms and subjects.Generally speaking, they can be divided into two groups — classical poems and modern poems.Not only the length of a line but also the length of a poem is limited to a certain number of words.There are often four or eight or twelve lines with five or seven words in each line.Poets wrote poems for different purposes, for example, reflecting the state of the society and describing the beautiful scenes. There were many famous poets during the Tang Dynasty, such as Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi.If you want to read more, the book 300 Tang Poems is a good choice, which includes poems of many well－known poets.After reading them, you will have a better understanding of the Tang poetry. Yours sincerely， Li Hua (二)单元主题优美语段背诵 语段1　《杀死一只知更鸟》片段 The weather was unusually warm for the last day of October.We didn't even need jackets.The wind was growing stronger, and Jem said it might be raining before we got home.There was no moon.The street light on the corner cast sharp shadows on the Radley house.I heard Jem laugh softly.“Bet nobody bothers them tonight，” he said. 已是十月的最后一天，可天气却出奇地暖和，连夹克衫也用不着穿。风渐渐大了，杰姆说，我们回家以前可能会下雨，天上没有月亮。拐角处的路灯在拉德利家的墙壁上投下轮廓鲜明的阴影。我听见杰姆短促地笑一声说：“今晚肯定没人打扰他们。” 语段2　《简·爱》片段 He had a dark face, with stern features and a heavy brow; his eyes and gathered eyebrows looked ireful and thwarted just now; he was past youth, but had not reached middle－age; perhaps he might be thirty－five. 他的脸庞黝黑，面容严厉，眉毛浓密；他的眼睛和紧锁的双眉看上去刚才遭到了挫折，并且愤怒过。他青春已逝，但未届中年，大约三十五岁。 五、主题集群阅读，拓展主题认知 时尚悦读(一)　老人与海(节选) Ernest Hemingway (1899－1961), an American writer of novels and short stories, is well thought of for his unique writing style.He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can be destroyed but not defeated”．The Old Man and the Sea, one of his most important novels, tells the story of a fisherman named Santiago.After coming in empty－handed for eighty－four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish. The fish was coming in on his circle now calm and beautiful looking and only his great tail moving.The old man pulled on him to bring him closer.For just a moment the fish turned a little on his side.Then he straightened himself and began another circle. “I moved him，” the old man said.“I moved him then.” I moved him, he thought.Maybe this time I can get him over.Pull, hands, he thought.Hold up, legs.Last for me, head.Last for me.You never went.This time I'll pull him over. But pulling with all his strength, the fish pulled part way over and then righted himself and swam away. “Fish，” the old man said.“Fish, you are going to have to die anyway.Do you have to kill me too？” That way nothing is accomplished, he thought.His mouth was too dry to speak but he could not reach for the water now.I must get him alongside this time, he thought.I am not good for many more turns.Yes you are, he told himself.You're good for ever. On the next turn, he nearly had him.But again the fish righted himself and swam slowly away. You are killing me, fish, the old man thought.But you have a right to.Never have I seen a greater, brother.Come on and kill me.I do not care who kills who. Now you are getting confused in the head, he thought.You must keep your head clear.Keep your head clear and Or a fish, he thought. “Clear up, head，” he said in a voice “Clear up.” Twice more it was the same on the turns. I do not know, the old man thought.He had been on the point of feeling himself go each time.I do not know.But I will try it once more. He tried it once more and he felt himself going when he turned the fish.The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly I'll try it again, the old man promised, although his hands were mushy now and he could only see well in flashes. He tried it again and it was the same.So he thought, and he felt himself going before he started; I will try it once again. [难句破解]　 句①：that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 all。 句②：but 连接两个并列句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词 all the strain。 句③：when 引导时间状语从句；starting it well out和pulling with all his strength 为现在分词短语作伴随状语；before 引导时间状语从句。 句④：never位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。 句⑤：how to suffer like a man 在句中作know 的宾语。 句⑥：he could hardly hear为定语从句，修饰先行词voice，此处省略了关系代词that/which。 句⑦：本句中含有“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处为现在分词作宾语补足语，与宾语之间为主谓关系。 [助读译文] 欧内斯特·海明威(1899－1961)，美国小说家、短篇小说作家，因其独特的写作风格而广受好评。他非常擅长描写硬汉们的冒险经历，他认为那些硬汉“可以被毁灭但不能被击败”。《老人与海》是他最重要的小说之一，讲述了一个名叫圣地亚哥的渔夫的故事。在两手空空84天后，圣地亚哥试图捕一条大鱼。 这时鱼正打着转靠近，既冷静又美丽，只有它的大尾巴在动。老人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些。有那么一小会儿，鱼稍稍偏向一边。接着它正了正身子，又开始转圈。 “我拉动它了，”老人说，“我刚才拉动它了。” 现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼。我拉动它了，他想。也许这次我能搞定它。使劲拉呀，手啊，他想。站稳啦，腿啊。给我撑住，脑袋啊，给我撑住。你从未晕倒过。这次我要把它拉过来。 可是当他使出浑身力气，在鱼靠近之前就开始用尽全力拉线时，那鱼中途就挣扎着偏向一边，然后正正身子游走了。 “鱼呀，”老人说，“鱼呀，反正你都得死。你非要把我也杀了吗？” 这样下去要一无所获了，他想。他的嘴干得说不出话来，但他现在不能伸手去拿水喝。我这次一定要把它拉到船边，他想。它再多转几圈，我就不行了。不，你行，他告诉自己。你永远都行。 在接下来的一圈，他差点就把它拉过来了。但是这鱼又正了正身子，慢慢游走了。 你快弄死我了，鱼啊，老人想。不过你有权这么做。我从没见过比你更巨大、更美丽、更冷静或者更高贵的东西，老兄。来，杀了我吧。我不在乎谁弄死谁。 你现在脑子开始犯糊涂了，他想。你必须保持头脑清醒。保持头脑清醒，要像条汉子，懂得怎么受苦。或者像条鱼，他想。 “清醒起来，脑袋，”他用自己都几乎听不见的声音说，“清醒起来。” 那鱼跟之前一样，又转了两圈。 我不明白，老人想。每次他都感觉自己快要垮了。我不明白。但我还要再试一次。 他又试了一次，当他把鱼拉转过来时，他感觉自己快不行了。鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。 我要再试一下，老人答应自己，尽管他的双手这时已经软弱无力，而且大部分时间双眼都看不清。 他又试了一次，依然如故。还没动手他就感觉要不行了，他这样想，我还要再试一次。 时尚悦读(二)　百万英镑 第一幕　第三场 Narrator: Two rich brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made a bet.Oliver believes that with a million－pound bank note a man could live a month in London.His brother Roderick doubts it.They see It is Henry Adams. Roderick: Young man, would you step inside a moment, please? Henry: Who? Me, sir? Roderick: Yes, you. Servant: (opening a door) Good morning, sir.Would you please come in? (Henry enters the house.) Roderick: How do you do, Mr ...er ...? Henry: Adams.Henry Adams. Oliver: Come and sit down, Mr Adams. Henry: Thank you. Roderick: You're an American? Henry: That's right, from San Francisco. Roderick: Henry: Well, I can't say that I have any plans.As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident. Oliver: How is that possible? Henry: Well, I had my own boat.About a month ago, I was sailing , and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.The next morning I was spotted by a ship. Oliver: And it was the ship that brought you to England. Henry: Yes.I went to the American consulate to seek help, but ...Anyway, I didn't dare to try again.(The brothers smile at each other.) Roderick: Well, you mustn't worry about that.It's an advantage. Henry: I'm afraid I don't quite follow you, sir. Roderick: Tell us, what sort of work did you do in America? Henry: I worked for a mining company.Could you offer me work here? Roderick: Patience.If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have? Henry: Well, to be honest, I have none. Oliver: (happily) What luck! Brother, what luck! Henry: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me! If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don't think it's very funny.Now if you'll excuse me, I ought to be on my way. Roderick: Please don't go.You mustn't think we don't care about you.Oliver, give him the letter. Oliver: Yes, I was about to go get the letter.Wait！(getting it from a desk and giving it to Henry) The letter. Henry：(taking it carefully) For me? Roderick: For you.(Henry starts to open it.) Oh, no, you'd better not open it.You can't open it until two o'clock. Henry: Oh, this is silly. Roderick: Not silly.There's money in it. Henry: Oh, no.I don't want your charity. Roderick: We know you're hard－working. (to the servant) Show Mr Adams out. Henry: Well, why don't you explain Roderick: You'll soon know.In exactly an hour and a half. Servant: This way, sir. Roderick: Not until 2 o'clock.Promise? Henry: Promise.Goodbye. [难句破解]　 句①：see sb.doing sth.结构，表示“看到某人正在做某事”；现在分词短语walking ...作宾补，a poor young man和walk之间是主动关系。 句②：May we ask ...？委婉请求的句型，意为“我们可以问问……？”；what ...country和what your plans are是两个并列的宾语从句。 句③：that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a job，that作定语从句的主语，不可省略。 句④：That's why ...意为“那就是……的原因”；why引导表语从句，后接表示结果的句子。 句⑤：what引导宾语从句，作explain的宾语，what在从句中作介词about的宾语；句中all为副词，用来加强语气。 [助读译文] 旁白：罗德里克和奥利弗这对富家兄弟打了个赌。奥利弗认为一张面值百万英镑的钞票能让一个人在伦敦活一个月。他的兄弟罗德里克则表示怀疑。他们看到一个穷困潦倒的年轻人从户外走过。此人是亨利·亚当斯。 罗德里克：小伙子，请进来一下，好吗？ 亨　　利：谁？我吗，先生？ 罗德里克：是的，你。 仆　　人：(打开房门)早上好，先生。请进。 (亨利走进屋里。) 罗德里克：你好，你是……？ 亨　　利：亚当斯，亨利·亚当斯。 奥 利 弗：进来坐吧，亚当斯先生。 亨　　利：谢谢。 罗德里克：你是美国人？ 亨　　利：是的，我从旧金山来。 罗德里克：能告诉我们你来英国干什么吗？你有什么计划吗？ 亨　　利：呃，谈不上有什么计划。事实上，我流落英国是一场意外。 奥 利 弗：怎么回事？ 亨　　利：呃，我自己有一艘小船。大约一个月前，我开船出海，傍晚时，一阵大风把我刮到了海上。第二天早晨，一艘船发现了我。 奥利弗：这么说，是这艘船把你带到了英国。 亨　　利：是的。我去美国领事馆求助，但是……我是无论如何也不敢再去了。(兄弟俩相视一笑。) 罗德里克：呃，你不必担心。这倒是件好事呢。 亨　　利：我不太明白您的意思，先生。 罗德里克：告诉我们，你在美国是做什么行当的？ 亨　　利：我在一家采矿公司工作。你们能在这儿给我找份工作吗？ 罗德里克：别着急。不介意的话，能告诉我你有多少钱吗？ 亨　　利：嗯，不瞒您说，我身无分文。 奥 利 弗：(兴高采烈)运气太好了！兄弟，运气太好了！ 亨　　利：呃，对你们来说可能是件幸运的事，可对我来说不是！如果你们是在开玩笑，那我觉得并不好笑。很抱歉，我该走了。 罗德里克：请留步。你千万别认为我们不在乎你。奥利弗，把信给他吧。 奥 利 弗：好的，我正要去拿信呢。等一下！(从书桌上拿起信递给亨利)给你信。 亨　　利：(小心翼翼地接过信)给我的？ 罗德里克：给你的。(亨利开始拆信。)哦，不，你最好先别拆。两点以后再打开吧。 亨　　利：哦，这真是可笑。 罗德里克：这并不可笑。里面有钱呢。 亨　　利：哦，不，我不要你们的施舍。我只想要一份有诚实收入的工作。 罗德里克：我们知道你很努力，所以我们才把信给你。(转向仆人)送亚当斯先生出去。 亨　　利：呃，为什么不跟我讲讲，这究竟是怎么一回事呢？ 罗德里克：你很快就会知道了。准确地说，一个半小时以后。 仆　　人：这边请，先生。 罗德里克：两点以后再把信打开。能答应我吗？ 亨　　利：我答应您。再见。 99 / 124 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $