Unit 5 Section 7 “Race to the Pole”的新知学习环节-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册教师用书word（北师大版）

Section 7　“Race to the Pole”的新知学习环节 课时目标 1.学习并掌握重点语言知识，包括单词、短语及句式等。 2.了解并学习后缀的用法，掌握构词法的相关知识。 一、阅读单词——知其义 1．through the snow with a sledge 拖着雪橇在雪地里跋涉 2. 3．Captain Cook 库克船长 4．solid dragging 艰难跋涉 5．pull on foot gear 穿上步行装备 6．try to dissuade him 试图劝阻他 7．put up a tent 搭帐篷 二、重点单词——写其形 1．polar explorers　　　　　　　 极地探险家 2．prove my theory 证明我的说法 3．the continent of Africa 非洲大陆 4．a fairy tale 童话故事 三、活用单词——悉其变 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 四、拓展构词——明其规(依据规律串记单词) 1．preparation：以“-ation”结尾的名词　 ①celebration　　　　　 庆祝；庆典 ②expectation 期望 ③graduation 毕业；毕业典礼 ④consideration 考虑 2．honesty：以“-y”结尾的名词　 ①difficulty　　困难　　②discovery　　发现 ③modesty 谦虚 ④beauty 美；美丽 五、高级词块——通其用 1．break down　　　　　　 停止运转，出故障 2．turn one's back on 不理睬；背弃 3．in the history of 在……的历史进程中 4．in preparation for ... 为……做准备 5．on the way to 在去……的路上 6．because of 因为 7．make progress 取得进步 8．have difficulty/trouble with/(in) doing sth. 在(做)某事上有困难 9．after a while 不久；过一会儿 10．at one time 曾经，一度 11．carry on 继续走，继续行进 1．While he was on the way to Antarctica, he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen which said he was going south, too. 在去往南极洲的途中，他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信，信中说他也要去南极洲。 ★on the way to (＝on one's way to)在去……的途中 |用|法|感|知| ·(“场景描写”佳句)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there. 在我们去那个房子的途中，雨下得很大，我们不禁想知道要花多长时间才能到那里。 [归纳点拨] on the way　　 即将到来 in the way 挡道 by the way 顺便说一下 in a/one way 在某种程度上 in no way 决不(置于句首时句子用部分倒装)　　　　 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子/句式升级) ①The forecaster says more snow is on the way. 天气预报员说不久还将有降雪。 ②The good service made up for the poor food in the hotel in a/one way. 酒店良好的服务在某种程度上弥补了其食物的不足。 ③In no way can we stand your behaviour any more. 我们决不能再容忍你的行为。 ④In his mind, she was in no way to blame. →In his mind, in no way was she to blame. 2．During the polar summer of 1910－1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year. 在1910－1911年的极地的夏季，两支队伍都建了食品储备点，为来年的旅程做准备。 ★base n．基地，大本营；基础 vt.以……为基地 |用|法|感|知| ·(“场景描写”佳句)On a misty morning in July, they arrived at the base of the mountain, ready for their first climb. 7月一个雾蒙蒙的早晨，他们到达了山的底部，准备开始他们的第一次攀登。 ·(“人际关系”主题佳句)A strong friendship should be based on mutual trust and respect, which are the keys to maintaining a long-term relationship. 一段牢固的友谊应该建立在相互信任和尊重的基础上，这是维持长期关系的关键。 [归纳点拨] (1)base sth. on/upon sth. 以……为基础 be based on/upon 基于，以……为基础 (2)basis n. 基础(多表示抽象意义) on the basis of 在……的基础上；根据　　　　 |应|用|融|会| (完成句子) ①Do you really think enjoyment should be based on others' pain? 你真的以为快乐应该建立在别人的痛苦之上吗？ ②Edison based his ideas on/upon scientific experiments. 爱迪生的想法是以科学实验为基础的。 ③Don't make your decision on the basis of cost alone. 你不要单基于费用来做决定。 ★preparation n．预备，准备 |用|法|感|知| ·(“语言学习”主题佳句)I want to improve my language skills in preparation for further study. 我想提高我的语言技能，为继续学习做准备。 ·She calculated they had enough time to prepare a surprise for Mum. 她计算出他们有足够的时间给妈妈准备一个惊喜。 [归纳点拨] (1)in preparation for ...　　 为……做准备 make preparations for ... 为……做准备 (2)prepare v. 预备，使有准备 prepare sb.for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备 prepare for 为……做准备 prepare (sb.) to do sth. (使某人)准备做某事 (3)prepared adj. 准备好的 be (well) prepared for 为……做好准备(表状态) be prepared to do 愿意做……；准备好了做……　　　　 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/句型转换) ①Jane has made different desserts in preparation (prepare) for the party. ②Hope for the best, and prepare for the worst. ③All the competitors must be fully prepared to give (give) the best performance. ④She will need to be well prepared for the task ahead. →She will need to make good preparations for the task ahead. 3．First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. 先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。 ★break down (机器等)停止运转，出故障；身体垮掉；失败；崩溃；拆毁，拆除；分解 |用|法|感|知| (写出下列句中break down的含义) ①His health broke down under the pressure of work. 身体垮掉 ②The peace talks broke down with no agreement reached. 失败 ③To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it down into parts. 分解 ④The firemen broke down the wall in order to gain quick access to the building on fire.拆毁 ⑤He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system broke down. 出故障 [归纳点拨] break into　　　 破门而入，强行闯入(后接宾语)； 突然开始(哭、唱等) break in 闯入；插话，打断 break away from 突然挣脱，摆脱 break out (坏事)突然发生，爆发 break up 分手，结束；(使)破碎；解散；放假　　　　 |应|用|融|会|(完成句子) ⑥Learn to relax.If you push yourself too hard, you might break down because of pressure. 要学会放松。如果你把自己逼得太紧，你可能因为压力而崩溃。 ⑦A big fire broke out when the lightning struck the old house which was full of dry wood. 当闪电击中那座满是干木头的老房子时，一场大火爆发了。 ⑧The meeting didn't break up until deep at night. 会议直到深夜才结束。 4．The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking. 下一个离去的是奥茨船长，他连走路都很困难。 ★have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 |用|法|感|知| ·(“建议”类佳句)Whether you have difficulty with grammar，or have trouble (in) memorizing new words，you can solve your problem by reading sentences aloud. 不论你是在语法方面有困难，还是记新单词费劲，通过大声地朗读句子你就可以解决你的问题。 ·The foreigner had much difficulty in understanding the Chinese sentence. 这个外国人很难理解这个汉语句子。 [归纳点拨] have trouble in doing sth.　　　 做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble with sth. 在某事上有困难　　　　 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空) ①That day we had no difficulty (in) finding (find) his new house. ②They had little difficulty with new school life. ③You can't imagine what difficulty she has (in) raising (raise) her children. 5．Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases. 斯科特上校和两名队员继续向前，到达距离他们其中一个食品储备点不足11英里的地方。 ★carry on (with/doing) sth. 继续(做)某事 |用|法|感|知| ·(“细节描写”佳句)They decided to carry on with the plan although there were many difficulties ahead. 尽管前方有许多困难，他们还是决定继续执行这个计划。 ·If you think you can carry on drinking so much without damaging your health, then you're mistaken. 如果你认为你可以继续喝这么多酒而不损害你的健康，那你就错了。 [归纳点拨] carry out　　　　　　　 实行，执行 carry away 拿走；带走；使着迷 carry off 成功地对付；赢得 carry through 完成；贯彻；使渡过难关　　　　 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空) ①You'll have an accident if you carry on driving (drive) like that. ②His courage and determination carried him through. ③Determined to carry out the plan as planned, they made very careful preparations. 1．Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. 极地的冬季来临，四处一片黑暗。 本句是以副词then位于句首的完全倒装句，该句的正常语序为：The total darkness of the polar winter came then.。 (1)完全倒装就是将整个谓语置于主语之前。当一些表示方位的介词短语或副词，如up、down、out、in、here、there、over there、off、back、away、in the front of等或表示时间的now、then等副词位于句首，且句子的主语是名词而不是代词时，句子常用完全倒装结构。 (2)完全倒装结构的时态通常只用一般现在时或一般过去时，谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句式变换”弄明句式结构 ①An old man who had suddenly fallen down lay on the floor. →On the floor lay an old man who had suddenly fallen down. ②A farm lies at the foot of the hill which is surrounded by green trees with a small river flowing through it. →At the foot of the hill lies a farm which is surrounded by green trees with a small river flowing through it. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ③我们的校长站在教室前面。 In the front of the classroom stands our headmaster. ④门开了，我们的老师进来了。 The door opened and in came our teacher. ⑤看！我们其余的客人们来了。 Look! There come the rest of our guests. 2．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. 他用几队狗拉雪橇，所有的队员都在滑雪板上行进。 句中的had teams of dogs pulling为“have ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处是现在分词作宾语补足语，意为“让/使……保持某种状态，让……一直做某事”(用于否定句时表示“容忍，允许”)。 “have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”有三种结构： (1)have sb.do ...“让某人做……”(sb.与do之间是主谓关系)； (2)have sth.done“让(他人)为自己做某事；遭遇某事”(sth.与do 之间是动宾关系)； (3)have sb./sth. doing“让……一直做某事”(sb./sth.与do之间是主谓关系)。 注意：have sth.to do意为“有某事要做”，此时have意为“有”，to do在句中作后置定语。 “两层级”学通用活句式 (1)通过“句法训练”弄明句式结构(单句语法填空) ①There's no need to worry. I will have the car waiting (wait) outside. ②The boss had her assistant go (go) out to buy some drinks. ③My computer doesn't work and I will have it repaired (repair) this afternoon. ④I won't have you speaking (speak) to your parents like that. (2)通过“句式仿写”做到熟练运用 ⑤你不喜欢让别人告诉你这些短裤是否好看吗？ Don't you like to have somebody tell you if the pants look good or not? ⑥明天我将请人把门刷上油漆。 I'll have my door painted tomorrow. ⑦很抱歉让你在这儿等这么久。 I'm sorry to have you waiting here so long. 语法项目—— Suffixes 语境自主感知 ①Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring. ②The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. ③... we are unendingly cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. ④The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking. ⑤He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen. [我的发现] 通过上述例句，你能总结名词、形容词和副词的常见后缀吗？ 语法规则点拨 在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀，使之变成一个新词，这种构词的方法叫作派生法。词缀有前缀和后缀两种。一般情况下，加前缀改变词义，加后缀改变词性。我们通常可以根据后缀判断出一个单词的词性。 一、名词后缀 1.-ability、-ibility表能力、性质 possibility 可能性；probability 可能性 2.-al 表动作、人、事物 proposal 建议；criminal 犯罪分子 3.-an、-ian、-arian 表各种年龄、派别、主义、职业的人 Humanitarian adj.人道主义的； n.人道主义者； historian 历史学家 4.-ee 表动作的承受者 trainee 实习生；employee 雇员 5.-er/-ar/-ur/-eer/-ier/-or表示某种人或物品 fighter 战士，战斗机；radar 雷达；inventor 发明家；发明者 6.-hood 表身份、状况、性质 childhood 儿童期；brotherhood 手足之情 7.-ion/-(a)tion表行为、状态 indication 指示；relaxation 放松 8.-ism表示……主义、行为、……学、……派 realism 现实主义；tourism 旅游业 9.-ist 表从事……工作的人 socialist 社会主义者；dentist 牙科医生 10.-(i)ty表行为、性质、状态 unity 团结一致；safety 安全 11.-ment 表行为、状态、性质、结果 improvement 改良，进步；government 政府 12.-ness 表状态、性质 eagerness 渴望；carelessness 粗心 13.-logy/-ology表学科、科目 sociology 社会学；ecology 生态学 14.-ship 表状态、状况、身份、技艺、技能 friendship 友谊；partnership 伙伴关系 15.-ure表行动或过程、结果等 culture 培养；failure 失败 16.-ance/-ence表行为、性质或状态 guidance 指导；confidence 自信 二、动词后缀 1.-en 使变成 harden使变硬；shorten使变短 2.-fy 使成……、使……化 purify 净化；simplify 简化 3.-ize以……方式对待、……化 realize 实现；organize 组织 三、形容词后缀 1.-able 可……的、能……的 acceptable 可接受的；readable 可读(认)的 2.-al 具有……性质的、与……有关的 natural 自然的；professional n．专业人员；adj.专业的 3.-ant、-ent表“……的” distant 遥远的；different 不同的 4.-ful 充满……的 handful 一把，一撮；mouthful 一口；helpful 有用的；peaceful 和平的 5.-ic/-ical ……类的；属于……的 scenic 风景的；magical 神奇的 6.-ish 像……一般的 childish 幼稚的；bookish 书生气的 7.-ive 有……性质的、有……作用的 instructive 有教育意义的；protective保护的 8.-less 没有……的 jobless 失业的；tireless 不倦的 9.-like 有……性质的、像……的 childlike 孩子般的；dreamlike 梦一般的 10.-ly 如……的、有……特性的 manly 男子气的；lovely 可爱的 11.-ous/-ious 富含……的；有……品质的 famous 著名的；curious 好奇的 12.-some 像……一样的；引起……的 troublesome 麻烦的；lonesome 孤独的 13.-ward向……的 forward 向前的；upward向上的 14.-y 充满……的、有……特性的 clumsy 笨拙的；rainy 下雨的 15.-ary 有……性质的 voluntary 自愿的；志愿的；imaginary 想象的 四、副词后缀 1.-ly 表“……地，状态，程度，方式” anxiously 急切地；finally 最终 2.-ward、-wards 表方向 upwards 向上；outwards 向外 五、其他 1.-ing表“令人……的” disturbing 令人不安的；surprising 令人吃惊的 2.-ed表某种感觉或特征 heated 热烈的interested 感兴趣的； 即时应用体验 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2025·全国Ⅰ卷)You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your “guidance (guide)” till they lose. 2．(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the absence (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air. 3．(2025·浙江1月高考)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women to rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution (solve) to one-time event dressing. 4．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The latest engineering (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional (function) structure that is also beautiful. 5．(2024·全国甲卷)They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the completion (complete) of their journey. 6．(2024·浙江1月高考)Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the criticism (criticize) that they lead to waste. 7．(2023·浙江1月高考) Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply (cheap) as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. 8．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷) Since June 2017, right before the arrival (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident (confidence) speaking English. 9．Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more meaningful (meaning)． 10．China has a responsibility (responsible) to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. Ⅱ.语境填词 1．When the teacher announced the unexpected exam, the classroom was filled with astonishment, and I was astonished that no one had prepared for it.(astonish) 2．The organiser said an international organisation offered much money to organise the activity. (organise) 3．When the lightning struck the old tree, the frightening sound made the little girl cry, and nothing could frighten her more than that moment.(fright) 4．With curiosity in her eyes, she curiously opened the mysterious box, which contained a letter that explained her grandfather's past.(curious) 5．Honesty is what makes a friendship last, and honestly, those who lie will lose trust eventually, as everyone knows.(honest) 6．We must realize that equality is a basic right, and everyone should be treated equally, whether they are good at studies or not. (equal) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $