Unit 12 The Wonderland of Literature（单元自测·基础卷）英语新教材仁爱科普版八年级下册

2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit12·基础卷（参考答案） I. 选择填空 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. B II. 完形填空 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. A III. 阅读理解 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. E 40. B IV. 补全对话 41. B 42. F 43. A 44. C 45. D V. 短文填空 46. includes  47. with  48. with  49. us  50. smallest 51. stories  52. to express  53. feel  54. written  55. what VI. 书面表达 56. 参考范文 My Favorite Story Character My favorite story character is Sun Wukong, also known as the Monkey King. He is the main character in the classic novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. I like Sun Wukong for many reasons. First, he is powerful and energetic. He can change into 72 different forms. These magical powers make him a great fighter. Second, he is brave and loyal. During the long journey to the west, he always protects his master, Tang Sanzang, and fights against monsters without fear. Although his master sometimes misunderstands him, Sun Wukong never gives up. Third, he is smart and honest. He can always come up with ideas to deal with difficulties. In a word, Sun Wukong is a popular hero among people of all ages. He teaches me to be brave and never give up. He will always hold a special place in my heart. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit 12·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） I. 选择填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. My favorite story character is Sun Wukong. He is very ________ and energetic. A. powerful      B. honest      C. shy      D. sad 2. The little match girl was ________ and hungry, so she lit the matches to warm herself. A. warm       B. happy      C. cold      D. tired 3. The ending of the movie was so ________ that everyone was moved to tears. A. boring       B. touching     C. exciting     D. surprising 4. —Do you know ________ will give us a speech tomorrow? —Yes. It’s Mr. Zhang. A. what       B. when       C. where     D. who 5. I’m reading a fairy tale. I wonder ________ it will have a happy ending. A. that       B. if       C. what      D. which 6. The play Teahouse ________ in the 1950s and is still popular today. A. came out      B. came up      C. came back      D. came from 7. We should learn to ________ difficulties bravely like the heroes in the stories. A. deal with      B. fight with      C. talk with      D. play with 8. —Could you tell me ________ you like this book? —Because it tells me the importance of friendship. A. what      B. why      C. when      D. where 9. The teacher asked us ________ we had read The Little Prince. A. that      B. whether      C. what      D. which 10. —What kind of literature do you like best? —I like ________ because they teach me important lessons about life. A. fairy tales      B. fables      C. novels      D. poems II. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 My favorite story character is the Little Match Girl. She is a poor girl who tries to sell matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, 11.________ she is afraid to go home. Her father will punish her if she does not sell all the matches. To warm herself, she lights the matches one by one. In the light, she sees 12.________ visions—a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her grandmother. The visions give her comfort. The story makes me 13.________ sad, but it also teaches me something important. I learn to be 14.________ for what I have and to care for those 15.________ need. Another character I like is Sun Wukong. He is the main character in Journey to the West. He is powerful and 16.________. He can change into 72 forms. He protects his master all the way to the west. He is brave and can always 17.________ ideas to deal with difficulties. I like both characters because they show me different qualities. The Little Match Girl teaches me to keep 18.________ even in hard times. Sun Wukong teaches me to be brave and never 19.________. Both of them will always hold a 20.________ place in my heart. 11. A. and   B. but   C. so 12. A. wonderful   B. terrible   C. common 13. A. feel   B. sound   C. taste 14. A. sad   B. thankful   C. sorry 15. A. at   B. on   C. in 16. A. energetic   B. lazy   C. quiet 17. A. come up with   B. give up   C. get along with 18. A. hope   B. hopeful   C. hoping 19. A. give up   B. get up   C. grow up 20. A. special   B. common   C. terrible III. 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） A Fairy tales take us to magical worlds with kings, queens, and magical creatures. They often begin with “Once upon a time” and end with “happily ever after.” But fairy tales teach us important lessons about life. The Little Match Girl tells the story of a poor girl who sells matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, but she is afraid to go home because her father will punish her. She lights matches to warm herself and sees wonderful visions. In the end, she dies in the cold. This story teaches us to be thankful for what we have. Cinderella is another famous fairy tale. Cinderella is a kind girl who is treated badly by her stepmother. With the help of her fairy godmother, she goes to the ball and meets the prince. The story teaches us that kindness is always rewarded. Fairy tales come from different cultures around the world. When we read them, we learn about other people’s stories and traditions. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 21. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fairy tales are only for children. B. Fairy tales teach us important lessons about life. C. All fairy tales have happy endings. D. Fairy tales come from one country. 22. What does The Little Match Girl teach us? A. To be rich and powerful. B. To be thankful and caring. C. To be brave and strong. D. To be smart and clever. 23. Who helps Cinderella go to the ball? A. Her stepmother. B. Her stepsisters. C. Her fairy godmother. D. The prince. 24. What can we learn from reading fairy tales? A. We can learn about other people’s stories and traditions. B. We can learn how to become a prince or princess. C. We can learn how to get magical powers. D. We can learn to make matches. 25. Where do fairy tales come from? A. Only from Denmark. B. Only from China. C. Different cultures around the world. D. Only from modern times. B Hans Christian Andersen was a famous Danish writer. He is best known for his fairy tales. His stories, such as The Ugly Duckling, have been loved for generations. Andersen was born in 1805. His family was very poor. His father was a shoemaker. As a boy, Andersen loved to listen to stories. He also loved to create his own plays with puppets. When he was 14, he moved to Copenhagen to become an actor. But he failed. Later, with the help of kind people, he went to school. At school, he was much older than the other students. However, he discovered that he had a talent for writing. His first fairy tales came out in 1835. At first, people did not like them. But Andersen did not give up. He kept writing, and soon people began to love his stories. Many of his stories are about his own life. The Ugly Duckling is a good example. The ugly duckling was laughed at because it looked different. But in the end, it grew into a beautiful swan. Andersen himself had a difficult start, but he finally found his place in the world. Today, Andersen’s stories are read in more than 100 languages. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 26. Where was Hans Christian Andersen born? A. In Copenhagen. B. In Denmark. C. In Beijing. D. In London. 27. What did Andersen love to do as a boy? A. He loved to act in plays. B. He loved to listen to stories and create plays with puppets. C. He loved to write novels. D. He loved to sell matches. 28. When did Andersen’s first fairy tales come out? A. In 1805. B. When he was 14. C. In 1835. D. After he became an actor. 29. What does The Ugly Duckling tell us about Andersen’s life? A. He was born in a rich family. B. He had a difficult start but finally succeeded. C. He was always popular. D. He never went to school. 30. What do Andersen’s stories teach children? A. Kindness and courage. B. How to become rich. C. How to become an actor. D. How to write fairy tales. C Reading stories is not just fun. It can also make us better people. Scientists have found that when we read stories, our brains become more active. When we read about a character’s feelings, our brain acts as if we are having those feelings ourselves. This helps us understand other people’s feelings better. Scientists call this “empathy.” Reading stories also helps us see the world in new ways. When we read about people from different places, we learn that they are not so different from us. They have hopes, fears, and dreams just like we do. In one study, children who read Harry Potter books became more understanding of people who are different. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. So next time you pick up a book, remember: you are not just having fun. You are also becoming a kinder, more understanding person. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31. What happens to our brains when we read stories? A. They become tired. B. They become more active. C. They fall asleep. D. They stop working. 32. What does “empathy” mean? A. Understanding other people’s feelings. B. Reading stories quickly. C. Writing stories about animals. D. Making people laugh. 33. How does reading stories help us see the world in new ways? A. It makes us travel to different places. B. It helps us learn that people from different places are not so different from us. C. It teaches us to speak many languages. D. It makes us want to become writers. 34. What did children learn from reading Harry Potter books? A. They learned to fly on broomsticks. B. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. C. They learned to become wizards. D. They learned to write magic spells. 35. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Reading stories is a waste of time. B. Reading stories is only for fun. C. Reading stories can make us kinder and more understanding. D. Reading stories is too difficult for children. D 阅读下面短文，从所给的五个选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 Poetry is often called the language of the heart. It uses words in special ways to express feelings and ideas. 36.________ But they can say a lot in just a few lines. One of the most famous poets in China is Li Bai. 37.________ His poems are about nature, friendship, and missing home. Almost everyone in China knows his poem Still Night Thoughts. Reading poetry can be good for us. When we read poems, we learn to notice beautiful things around us. 38.________ You don’t have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it. 39.________ The rhythm and rhyme are like music. So if you haven’t tried poetry, pick up a poem today. 40.________ A. He lived during the Tang Dynasty. B. You might find a new friend in just a few lines. C. Unlike stories, poems are usually short. D. We learn to put our feelings into words. E. Sometimes, just the sound of the words can make you feel something. IV. 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 从选项中选择合适的句子，补全对话。其中有一项多余。 A: Hi, Li Ming! What are you reading? B: Hi, Wang Wei! 41.________________________ A: The Old Man and the Sea? What’s it about? B: 42.________________________ He goes on a long journey at sea and fights against a huge fish. A: Sounds interesting. 43.________________________ B: I like him because he is brave and never gives up. A: That’s great. I’m reading Harry Potter these days. B: 44.________________________ A: I like Harry because he is brave and loyal. He always protects his friends. B: 45.________________________ Both of them teach us important lessons about courage and friendship. A: Yes, I agree. A. Why do you like Santiago? B. I’m reading The Old Man and the Sea. C. Who is your favorite character in the story? D. That’s true. E. What do you think of the story? F. It’s about an old fisherman named Santiago. V. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Literature is a wonderful world of words. It 46.________ (include) many different types of writing. Fairy tales are stories 47.________ magic and wonder. They often begin with “Once upon a time” and end 48.________ “happily ever after.” Fables are short stories that teach 49.________ (we) lessons. They often use animals as characters. Aesop’s fables tell us that even the 50.________ (small) friend can be a great help. Novels are long 51.________ (story). They have many characters and take us on long journeys. Journey to the West is a great novel. Poems use beautiful language 52.________ (express) feelings. They have rhythm and rhyme. Li Bai’s poems make us 53.________ (feel) the beauty of nature. Dramas are 54.________ (write) to be performed on stage. Lao She’s Teahouse shows us the lives of common people. No matter 55.________ you like, there is a type of literature waiting for you. VI. 书面表达（满分15分） 56. 假设你是李华，你的学校正在举办“我最喜欢的故事角色”征文活动。请你写一篇英文短文，介绍你最喜欢的故事角色。 内容包括： 1. 这个角色是谁，出自哪部作品； 2. 描述他/她的性格特点，并通过一两个具体事例加以说明； 3. 说明你喜欢他/她的原因。 要求： 1. 语句通顺，意思连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 不少于80词。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit 12·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） I. 选择填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. My favorite story character is Sun Wukong. He is very ________ and energetic. A. powerful      B. honest      C. shy      D. sad 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：我最喜欢的故事人物是孙悟空。他非常强大且充满活力。powerful意为“强大的”，符合孙悟空的特点。honest意为“诚实的”，shy意为“害羞的”，sad意为“悲伤的”，均不符合语境。故选A。 2. The little match girl was ________ and hungry, so she lit the matches to warm herself. A. warm      B. happy      C. cold      D. tired 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：卖火柴的小女孩又冷又饿，所以她点燃火柴取暖。根据“so she lit the matches to warm herself”可知她感到冷，故用cold。故选C。 3. The ending of the movie was so ________ that everyone was moved to tears. A. boring      B. touching      C. exciting      D. surprising 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：电影的结局如此感人，以至于每个人都感动落泪。touching意为“感人的”，符合“everyone was moved to tears”的语境。boring意为“无聊的”，exciting意为“令人兴奋的”，surprising意为“令人惊讶的”，均不符合。故选B。 4. —Do you know ________ will give us a speech tomorrow? —Yes. It’s Mr. Zhang. A. what      B. when      C. where      D. who 【答案】D 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：——你知道明天谁给我们做演讲吗？——知道，是张老师。根据答语“Mr. Zhang”可知询问的是“谁”，故用who。故选D。 5. I’m reading a fairy tale. I wonder ________ it will have a happy ending. A. that      B. if      C. what      D. which 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：我正在读一个童话故事。我想知道它是否会有个幸福的结局。wonder后接宾语从句表示“是否”，故用if或whether。故选B。 6. The play Teahouse ________ in the 1950s and is still popular today. A. came out      B. came up      C. came back      D. came from 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：戏剧《茶馆》于20世纪50年代问世，至今仍很受欢迎。came out意为“出版，问世”，符合语境。came up意为“出现”，came back意为“回来”，came from意为“来自”，均不符合。故选A。 7. We should learn to ________ difficulties bravely like the heroes in the stories. A. deal with      B. fight with      C. talk with      D. play with 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们应该像故事中的英雄一样勇敢地应对困难。deal with意为“处理，应对”，符合语境。fight with意为“与……战斗”，talk with意为“与……交谈”，play with意为“与……玩耍”，均不符合。故选A。 8. —Could you tell me ________ you like this book? —Because it tells me the importance of friendship. A. what      B. why      C. when      D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：——你能告诉我你为什么喜欢这本书吗？——因为它告诉我友谊的重要性。根据答语“Because...”可知询问原因，故用why。故选B。 9. The teacher asked us ________ we had read The Little Prince. A. that      B. whether      C. what      D. which 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：老师问我们是否读过《小王子》。asked后接宾语从句表示“是否”，且原句为一般疑问句，故用whether。故选B。 10. —What kind of literature do you like best? —I like ________ because they teach me important lessons about life. A. fairy tales      B. fables      C. novels      D. poems 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：——你最喜欢哪种文学类型？——我喜欢寓言，因为它们教会我关于生活的重要道理。根据“they teach me important lessons”可知寓言常蕴含道理，故用fables。故选B。 II. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 My favorite story character is the Little Match Girl. She is a poor girl who tries to sell matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, 11.________ she is afraid to go home. Her father will punish her if she does not sell all the matches. To warm herself, she lights the matches one by one. In the light, she sees 12.________ visions—a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her grandmother. The visions give her comfort. The story makes me 13.________ sad, but it also teaches me something important. I learn to be 14.________ for what I have and to care for those 15.________ need. Another character I like is Sun Wukong. He is the main character in Journey to the West. He is powerful and 16.________. He can change into 72 forms. He protects his master all the way to the west. He is brave and can always 17.________ ideas to deal with difficulties. I like both characters because they show me different qualities. The Little Match Girl teaches me to keep 18.________ even in hard times. Sun Wukong teaches me to be brave and never 19.________. Both of them will always hold a 20.________ place in my heart. 11. A. and   B. but   C. so 12. A. wonderful   B. terrible   C. common 13. A. feel   B. sound   C. taste 14. A. sad   B. thankful   C. sorry 15. A. at   B. on   C. in 16. A. energetic   B. lazy   C. quiet 17. A. come up with   B. give up   C. get along with 18. A. hope   B. hopeful   C. hoping 19. A. give up   B. get up   C. grow up 20. A. special   B. common   C. terrible 【答案】11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. A 20. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己最喜欢的两个文学角色——卖火柴的小女孩和孙悟空，并分享了从他们身上学到的品质。 【解析】 11. 考查连词辨析。句意：她又冷又饿，但她不敢回家。前后句为转折关系，故用but。 12. 考查形容词辨析。句意：在火柴光中，她看到了美妙的景象——一个温暖的炉子、一顿丰盛的大餐和她的祖母。wonderful意为“美妙的”，符合语境。 13. 考查系动词辨析。句意：这个故事让我感到悲伤，但它也教会了我一些重要的东西。feel意为“感到”，符合语境。 14. 考查形容词辨析。句意：我学会感恩我所拥有的。be thankful for意为“对……感恩”。 15. 考查介词辨析。句意：我也学会关心那些需要帮助的人。in need意为“需要帮助的”，为固定搭配。 16. 考查形容词辨析。句意：他强大且充满活力。energetic意为“充满活力的”，符合孙悟空的特点。 17. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他总是能想出办法来应对困难。come up with意为“想出”，符合语境。 18. 考查固定搭配。句意：卖火柴的小女孩教会我即使在困难时期也要保持希望。keep hope意为“保持希望”。 19. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：孙悟空教会我要勇敢，永不放弃。give up意为“放弃”，符合语境。 20. 考查形容词辨析。句意：他们两个都将在我心中占据特殊的位置。special意为“特殊的”，符合语境。 III. 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） A Fairy tales take us to magical worlds with kings, queens, and magical creatures. They often begin with “Once upon a time” and end with “happily ever after.” But fairy tales teach us important lessons about life. The Little Match Girl tells the story of a poor girl who sells matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, but she is afraid to go home because her father will punish her. She lights matches to warm herself and sees wonderful visions. In the end, she dies in the cold. This story teaches us to be thankful for what we have. Cinderella is another famous fairy tale. Cinderella is a kind girl who is treated badly by her stepmother. With the help of her fairy godmother, she goes to the ball and meets the prince. The story teaches us that kindness is always rewarded. Fairy tales come from different cultures around the world. When we read them, we learn about other people’s stories and traditions. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 21. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fairy tales are only for children. B. Fairy tales teach us important lessons about life. C. All fairy tales have happy endings. D. Fairy tales come from one country. 22. What does The Little Match Girl teach us? A. To be rich and powerful. B. To be thankful and caring. C. To be brave and strong. D. To be smart and clever. 23. Who helps Cinderella go to the ball? A. Her stepmother. B. Her stepsisters. C. Her fairy godmother. D. The prince. 24. What can we learn from reading fairy tales? A. We can learn about other people’s stories and traditions. B. We can learn how to become a prince or princess. C. We can learn how to get magical powers. D. We can learn to make matches. 25. Where do fairy tales come from? A. Only from Denmark. B. Only from China. C. Different cultures around the world. D. Only from modern times. 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了童话故事的特点及其教育意义，并以《卖火柴的小女孩》和《灰姑娘》为例说明童话教给我们的人生道理。 【解析】 21. 考查主旨大意。根据第一段“But fairy tales teach us important lessons about life.”可知，文章主要讲述童话故事教会我们重要的人生道理，故选B。 22. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“This story teaches us to be thankful for what we have.”可知，《卖火柴的小女孩》教会我们要感恩，故选B。 23. 考查细节理解。根据第三段“With the help of her fairy godmother, she goes to the ball”可知，是仙女教母帮助灰姑娘去舞会，故选C。 24. 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“When we read them, we learn about other people’s stories and traditions.”可知，读童话可以了解其他人的故事和传统，故选A。 25. 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Fairy tales come from different cultures around the world.”可知，童话来自世界各地的不同文化，故选C。 B Hans Christian Andersen was a famous Danish writer. He is best known for his fairy tales. His stories, such as The Ugly Duckling, have been loved for generations. Andersen was born in 1805. His family was very poor. His father was a shoemaker. As a boy, Andersen loved to listen to stories. He also loved to create his own plays with puppets. When he was 14, he moved to Copenhagen to become an actor. But he failed. Later, with the help of kind people, he went to school. At school, he was much older than the other students. However, he discovered that he had a talent for writing. His first fairy tales came out in 1835. At first, people did not like them. But Andersen did not give up. He kept writing, and soon people began to love his stories. Many of his stories are about his own life. The Ugly Duckling is a good example. The ugly duckling was laughed at because it looked different. But in the end, it grew into a beautiful swan. Andersen himself had a difficult start, but he finally found his place in the world. Today, Andersen’s stories are read in more than 100 languages. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 26. Where was Hans Christian Andersen born? A. In Copenhagen. B. In Denmark. C. In Beijing. D. In London. 27. What did Andersen love to do as a boy? A. He loved to act in plays. B. He loved to listen to stories and create plays with puppets. C. He loved to write novels. D. He loved to sell matches. 28. When did Andersen’s first fairy tales come out? A. In 1805. B. When he was 14. C. In 1835. D. After he became an actor. 29. What does The Ugly Duckling tell us about Andersen’s life? A. He was born in a rich family. B. He had a difficult start but finally succeeded. C. He was always popular. D. He never went to school. 30. What do Andersen’s stories teach children? A. Kindness and courage. B. How to become rich. C. How to become an actor. D. How to write fairy tales. 【答案】26. B 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了童话大师安徒生的生平故事，包括他的童年经历、写作生涯的起步以及他的作品如何反映自己的人生经历。 【解析】 26. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“Andersen was born in 1805.”和第一段“Hans Christian Andersen was a famous Danish writer.”可知，安徒生出生于丹麦，故选B。 27. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“As a boy, Andersen loved to listen to stories. He also loved to create his own plays with puppets.”可知，他小时候喜欢听故事和用木偶创作戏剧，故选B。 28. 考查细节理解。根据第四段“His first fairy tales came out in 1835.”可知，他的第一部童话于1835年出版，故选C。 29. 考查推理判断。根据第五段“Andersen himself had a difficult start, but he finally found his place in the world.”可知，《丑小鸭》的故事反映了安徒生自己艰难起步但最终成功的经历，故选B。 30. 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“They teach children about kindness, courage, and being true to oneself.”可知，安徒生的故事教会孩子们善良和勇气，故选A。 C Reading stories is not just fun. It can also make us better people. Scientists have found that when we read stories, our brains become more active. When we read about a character’s feelings, our brain acts as if we are having those feelings ourselves. This helps us understand other people’s feelings better. Scientists call this “empathy.” Reading stories also helps us see the world in new ways. When we read about people from different places, we learn that they are not so different from us. They have hopes, fears, and dreams just like we do. In one study, children who read Harry Potter books became more understanding of people who are different. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. So next time you pick up a book, remember: you are not just having fun. You are also becoming a kinder, more understanding person. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31. What happens to our brains when we read stories? A. They become tired. B. They become more active. C. They fall asleep. D. They stop working. 32. What does “empathy” mean? A. Understanding other people’s feelings. B. Reading stories quickly. C. Writing stories about animals. D. Making people laugh. 33. How does reading stories help us see the world in new ways? A. It makes us travel to different places. B. It helps us learn that people from different places are not so different from us. C. It teaches us to speak many languages. D. It makes us want to become writers. 34. What did children learn from reading Harry Potter books? A. They learned to fly on broomsticks. B. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. C. They learned to become wizards. D. They learned to write magic spells. 35. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Reading stories is a waste of time. B. Reading stories is only for fun. C. Reading stories can make us kinder and more understanding. D. Reading stories is too difficult for children. 【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，阐述了阅读故事对培养同理心和开放心态的积极作用，说明阅读故事能够帮助我们理解他人感受，变得更加善良和包容。 【解析】 31. 考查细节理解。根据第一段“when we read stories, our brains become more active.”可知，当我们阅读故事时，大脑变得更加活跃，故选B。 32. 考查词义猜测。根据第二段“This helps us understand other people’s feelings better. Scientists call this ‘empathy.’”可知，同理心是指理解他人感受的能力，故选A。 33. 考查细节理解。根据第三段“When we read about people from different places, we learn that they are not so different from us.”可知，阅读故事能让我们意识到来自不同地方的人和我们并没有太大不同，故选B。 34. 考查细节理解。根据第四段“They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness.”可知，阅读《哈利·波特》的孩子们学会了接纳他人、对抗不公，故选B。 35. 考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“you are not just having fun. You are also becoming a kinder, more understanding person.”可知，作者想告诉读者阅读故事能让人变得更善良、更善解人意，故选C。 D 阅读下面短文，从所给的五个选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 Poetry is often called the language of the heart. It uses words in special ways to express feelings and ideas. 36.________ But they can say a lot in just a few lines. One of the most famous poets in China is Li Bai. 37.________ His poems are about nature, friendship, and missing home. Almost everyone in China knows his poem Still Night Thoughts. Reading poetry can be good for us. When we read poems, we learn to notice beautiful things around us. 38.________ You don’t have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it. 39.________ The rhythm and rhyme are like music. So if you haven’t tried poetry, pick up a poem today. 40.________ A. He lived during the Tang Dynasty. B. You might find a new friend in just a few lines. C. Unlike stories, poems are usually short. D. We learn to put our feelings into words. E. Sometimes, just the sound of the words can make you feel something. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. D 39. E 40. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了诗歌的特点和魅力，以李白为例说明诗歌如何表达情感，并鼓励读者尝试阅读诗歌。 【解析】 36. 考查上下文衔接。前句说诗歌用特殊方式表达情感，后句说“但它们在短短几行里可以说很多”，中间应填入关于诗歌长度的内容。C项“与故事不同，诗歌通常很短”符合语境。 37. 考查上下文衔接。前句提到李白，后句介绍他的诗歌主题，中间应填入关于李白时代背景的句子。A项“他生活在唐朝”符合语境。 38. 考查上下文衔接。前句说读诗学会留意身边的美好，后句应填入另一个读诗的好处。D项“我们学会用语言表达情感”符合语境。 39. 考查上下文衔接。前句说不需要理解每一个词，后句说“节奏和韵律就像音乐”，中间应填入关于诗歌声音的句子。E项“有时，仅仅是词语的声音就能让你有所感受”符合语境。 40. 考查上下文衔接。前句说拿起一首诗读，后句应给出鼓励或结果。B项“你可能会在短短几行里找到一个新朋友”符合语境。 IV. 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 从选项中选择合适的句子，补全对话。其中有一项多余。 A: Hi, Li Ming! What are you reading? B: Hi, Wang Wei! 41.________________________ A: The Old Man and the Sea? What’s it about? B: 42.________________________ He goes on a long journey at sea and fights against a huge fish. A: Sounds interesting. 43.________________________ B: I like him because he is brave and never gives up. A: That’s great. I’m reading Harry Potter these days. B: 44.________________________ A: I like Harry because he is brave and loyal. He always protects his friends. B: 45.________________________ Both of them teach us important lessons about courage and friendship. A: Yes, I agree. A. Why do you like Santiago? B. I’m reading The Old Man and the Sea. C. Who is your favorite character in the story? D. That’s true. E. What do you think of the story? F. It’s about an old fisherman named Santiago. 【答案】41. B 42. F 43. A 44. C 45. D 【导语】对话围绕两人正在阅读的书籍展开，分别介绍了《老人与海》和《哈利·波特》中的主要角色及其品质。 【解析】 41. 考查上下文衔接。A问“你在读什么”，B应回答正在读的书。B项“我在读《老人与海》”符合语境。 42. 考查上下文衔接。A问这本书是关于什么的，B应回答主要内容。F项“它关于一位名叫圣地亚哥的老渔夫”符合语境。 43. 考查上下文衔接。B介绍了圣地亚哥的故事，A接下来可以询问喜欢他的原因。A项“你为什么喜欢圣地亚哥”符合语境。 44. 考查上下文衔接。B介绍了自己的阅读，A说自己在读《哈利·波特》，B可以询问A喜欢哪个角色。C项“故事中你最喜欢哪个角色”符合语境。 45. 考查上下文衔接。B总结两个角色都教会我们勇气和友谊的道理，A表示同意。D项“确实如此”符合语境。 V. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Literature is a wonderful world of words. It 46.________ (include) many different types of writing. Fairy tales are stories 47.________ magic and wonder. They often begin with “Once upon a time” and end 48.________ “happily ever after.” Fables are short stories that teach 49.________ (we) lessons. They often use animals as characters. Aesop’s fables tell us that even the 50.________ (small) friend can be a great help. Novels are long 51.________ (story). They have many characters and take us on long journeys. Journey to the West is a great novel. Poems use beautiful language 52.________ (express) feelings. They have rhythm and rhyme. Li Bai’s poems make us 53.________ (feel) the beauty of nature. Dramas are 54.________ (write) to be performed on stage. Lao She’s Teahouse shows us the lives of common people. No matter 55.________ you like, there is a type of literature waiting for you. 【答案】46. includes 47. with 48. with 49. us 50. smallest 51. stories 52. to express 53. feel 54. written 55. what 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了文学的主要类型，包括童话、寓言、小说、诗歌和戏剧，并简要说明了每种类型的特点。 【解析】 46. 考查动词时态。句意：它包括许多不同类型的写作。主语It是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式includes。 47. 考查介词。句意：童话是带有魔法和奇遇的故事。with意为“带有，具有”。 48. 考查介词。句意：它们通常以“很久以前”开头，以“从此幸福地生活下去”结尾。end with意为“以……结尾”。 49. 考查代词。句意：寓言是教给我们道理的故事。teach后接双宾语，人称代词作宾语用宾格us。 50. 考查形容词最高级。句意：告诉我们即使是最小的朋友也能帮上大忙。even后接形容词最高级，表示“即使是最小的”。 51. 考查名词复数。句意：小说是长长的故事。主语Novels是复数，表语也用复数stories。 52. 考查非谓语动词。句意：诗歌用优美的语言表达情感。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”。 53. 考查非谓语动词。句意：李白的诗歌让我们感受到自然之美。make sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。 54. 考查被动语态。句意：戏剧是为舞台表演而写的。主语Dramas与write之间为被动关系，故用过去分词written。 55. 考查宾语从句连接词。句意：无论你喜欢什么，总有一种文学类型在等着你。no matter what意为“无论什么”。 VI. 书面表达（满分15分） 56. 假设你是李华，你的学校正在举办“我最喜欢的故事角色”征文活动。请你写一篇英文短文，介绍你最喜欢的故事角色。 内容包括： 1. 这个角色是谁，出自哪部作品； 2. 描述他/她的性格特点，并通过一两个具体事例加以说明； 3. 说明你喜欢他/她的原因。 要求： 1. 语句通顺，意思连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 不少于80词。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 My Favorite Story Character My favorite story character is Sun Wukong, also known as the Monkey King. He is the main character in the classic novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. I like Sun Wukong for many reasons. First, he is powerful and energetic. He can change into 72 different forms. These magical powers make him a great fighter. Second, he is brave and loyal. During the long journey to the west, he always protects his master, Tang Sanzang, and fights against monsters without fear. Although his master sometimes misunderstands him, Sun Wukong never gives up. Third, he is smart and honest. He can always come up with ideas to deal with difficulties. In a word, Sun Wukong is a popular hero among people of all ages. He teaches me to be brave and never give up. He will always hold a special place in my heart. 【详解】 总体分析 ① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文（征文）； ② 时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③ 提示：要求介绍最喜欢的故事角色，包含角色与出处、性格特点及事例、喜欢原因三个要点。 写作步骤 第一步：开篇点题，介绍角色是谁及出自哪部作品； 第二步：阐述喜欢的原因，描述性格特点并举例说明； 第三步：总结升华，表达对角色的喜爱和从中学到的道理。 亮点词汇 ① main character 主要角色 ② powerful and energetic 强大且充满活力 ③ change into 变成 ④ protect... from... 保护……免受…… ⑤ come up with ideas 想出办法 ⑥ deal with difficulties 应对困难 ⑦ in a word 总之 ⑧ hold a special place in my heart 在我心中占有特殊位置 高分句型 ① He is the main character in the classic novel Journey to the West, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. （同位语结构，介绍作品） ② During the long journey to the west, he always protects his master, Tang Sanzang, and fights against monsters without fear. （列举具体行为，展现角色品质） ③ Although his master sometimes misunderstands him, Sun Wukong never gives up. （Although引导让步状语从句，突出角色坚韧） ④ He teaches me to be brave and never give up. （点明角色带来的启示，升华主题） 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级下册英语单元测试 Unit 12·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） I. 选择填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. My favorite story character is Sun Wukong. He is very ________ and energetic. A. powerful      B. honest      C. shy      D. sad 2. The little match girl was ________ and hungry, so she lit the matches to warm herself. A. warm      B. happy      C. cold      D. tired 3. The ending of the movie was so ________ that everyone was moved to tears. A. boring      B. touching      C. exciting      D. surprising 4. —Do you know ________ will give us a speech tomorrow? —Yes. It’s Mr. Zhang. A. what      B. when      C. where      D. who 5. I’m reading a fairy tale. I wonder ________ it will have a happy ending. A. that      B. if      C. what      D. which 6. The play Teahouse ________ in the 1950s and is still popular today. A. came out      B. came up      C. came back      D. came from 7. We should learn to ________ difficulties bravely like the heroes in the stories. A. deal with      B. fight with      C. talk with      D. play with 8. —Could you tell me ________ you like this book? —Because it tells me the importance of friendship. A. what      B. why      C. when      D. where 9. The teacher asked us ________ we had read The Little Prince. A. that      B. whether      C. what      D. which 10. —What kind of literature do you like best? —I like ________ because they teach me important lessons about life. A. fairy tales      B. fables      C. novels      D. poems II. 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 My favorite story character is the Little Match Girl. She is a poor girl who tries to sell matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, 11.________ she is afraid to go home. Her father will punish her if she does not sell all the matches. To warm herself, she lights the matches one by one. In the light, she sees 12.________ visions—a warm stove, a delicious feast, and her grandmother. The visions give her comfort. The story makes me 13.________ sad, but it also teaches me something important. I learn to be 14.________ for what I have and to care for those 15.________ need. Another character I like is Sun Wukong. He is the main character in Journey to the West. He is powerful and 16.________. He can change into 72 forms. He protects his master all the way to the west. He is brave and can always 17.________ ideas to deal with difficulties. I like both characters because they show me different qualities. The Little Match Girl teaches me to keep 18.________ even in hard times. Sun Wukong teaches me to be brave and never 19.________. Both of them will always hold a 20.________ place in my heart. 11. A. and   B. but   C. so 12. A. wonderful   B. terrible   C. common 13. A. feel   B. sound   C. taste 14. A. sad   B. thankful   C. sorry 15. A. at   B. on   C. in 16. A. energetic   B. lazy   C. quiet 17. A. come up with   B. give up   C. get along with 18. A. hope   B. hopeful   C. hoping 19. A. give up   B. get up   C. grow up 20. A. special   B. common   C. terrible III. 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分） A Fairy tales take us to magical worlds with kings, queens, and magical creatures. They often begin with “Once upon a time” and end with “happily ever after.” But fairy tales teach us important lessons about life. The Little Match Girl tells the story of a poor girl who sells matches on a cold New Year’s Eve. She is cold and hungry, but she is afraid to go home because her father will punish her. She lights matches to warm herself and sees wonderful visions. In the end, she dies in the cold. This story teaches us to be thankful for what we have. Cinderella is another famous fairy tale. Cinderella is a kind girl who is treated badly by her stepmother. With the help of her fairy godmother, she goes to the ball and meets the prince. The story teaches us that kindness is always rewarded. Fairy tales come from different cultures around the world. When we read them, we learn about other people’s stories and traditions. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 21. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Fairy tales are only for children. B. Fairy tales teach us important lessons about life. C. All fairy tales have happy endings. D. Fairy tales come from one country. 22. What does The Little Match Girl teach us? A. To be rich and powerful. B. To be thankful and caring. C. To be brave and strong. D. To be smart and clever. 23. Who helps Cinderella go to the ball? A. Her stepmother. B. Her stepsisters. C. Her fairy godmother. D. The prince. 24. What can we learn from reading fairy tales? A. We can learn about other people’s stories and traditions. B. We can learn how to become a prince or princess. C. We can learn how to get magical powers. D. We can learn to make matches. 25. Where do fairy tales come from? A. Only from Denmark. B. Only from China. C. Different cultures around the world. D. Only from modern times. B Hans Christian Andersen was a famous Danish writer. He is best known for his fairy tales. His stories, such as The Ugly Duckling, have been loved for generations. Andersen was born in 1805. His family was very poor. His father was a shoemaker. As a boy, Andersen loved to listen to stories. He also loved to create his own plays with puppets. When he was 14, he moved to Copenhagen to become an actor. But he failed. Later, with the help of kind people, he went to school. At school, he was much older than the other students. However, he discovered that he had a talent for writing. His first fairy tales came out in 1835. At first, people did not like them. But Andersen did not give up. He kept writing, and soon people began to love his stories. Many of his stories are about his own life. The Ugly Duckling is a good example. The ugly duckling was laughed at because it looked different. But in the end, it grew into a beautiful swan. Andersen himself had a difficult start, but he finally found his place in the world. Today, Andersen’s stories are read in more than 100 languages. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 26. Where was Hans Christian Andersen born? A. In Copenhagen. B. In Denmark. C. In Beijing. D. In London. 27. What did Andersen love to do as a boy? A. He loved to act in plays. B. He loved to listen to stories and create plays with puppets. C. He loved to write novels. D. He loved to sell matches. 28. When did Andersen’s first fairy tales come out? A. In 1805. B. When he was 14. C. In 1835. D. After he became an actor. 29. What does The Ugly Duckling tell us about Andersen’s life? A. He was born in a rich family. B. He had a difficult start but finally succeeded. C. He was always popular. D. He never went to school. 30. What do Andersen’s stories teach children? A. Kindness and courage. B. How to become rich. C. How to become an actor. D. How to write fairy tales. C Reading stories is not just fun. It can also make us better people. Scientists have found that when we read stories, our brains become more active. When we read about a character’s feelings, our brain acts as if we are having those feelings ourselves. This helps us understand other people’s feelings better. Scientists call this “empathy.” Reading stories also helps us see the world in new ways. When we read about people from different places, we learn that they are not so different from us. They have hopes, fears, and dreams just like we do. In one study, children who read Harry Potter books became more understanding of people who are different. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. So next time you pick up a book, remember: you are not just having fun. You are also becoming a kinder, more understanding person. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 31. What happens to our brains when we read stories? A. They become tired. B. They become more active. C. They fall asleep. D. They stop working. 32. What does “empathy” mean? A. Understanding other people’s feelings. B. Reading stories quickly. C. Writing stories about animals. D. Making people laugh. 33. How does reading stories help us see the world in new ways? A. It makes us travel to different places. B. It helps us learn that people from different places are not so different from us. C. It teaches us to speak many languages. D. It makes us want to become writers. 34. What did children learn from reading Harry Potter books? A. They learned to fly on broomsticks. B. They learned to accept others and stand up against unfairness. C. They learned to become wizards. D. They learned to write magic spells. 35. What does the writer want to tell us? A. Reading stories is a waste of time. B. Reading stories is only for fun. C. Reading stories can make us kinder and more understanding. D. Reading stories is too difficult for children. D 阅读下面短文，从所给的五个选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 Poetry is often called the language of the heart. It uses words in special ways to express feelings and ideas. 36.________ But they can say a lot in just a few lines. One of the most famous poets in China is Li Bai. 37.________ His poems are about nature, friendship, and missing home. Almost everyone in China knows his poem Still Night Thoughts. Reading poetry can be good for us. When we read poems, we learn to notice beautiful things around us. 38.________ You don’t have to understand every word in a poem to enjoy it. 39.________ The rhythm and rhyme are like music. So if you haven’t tried poetry, pick up a poem today. 40.________ A. He lived during the Tang Dynasty. B. You might find a new friend in just a few lines. C. Unlike stories, poems are usually short. D. We learn to put our feelings into words. E. Sometimes, just the sound of the words can make you feel something. IV. 补全对话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 从选项中选择合适的句子，补全对话。其中有一项多余。 A: Hi, Li Ming! What are you reading? B: Hi, Wang Wei! 41.________________________ A: The Old Man and the Sea? What’s it about? B: 42.________________________ He goes on a long journey at sea and fights against a huge fish. A: Sounds interesting. 43.________________________ B: I like him because he is brave and never gives up. A: That’s great. I’m reading Harry Potter these days. B: 44.________________________ A: I like Harry because he is brave and loyal. He always protects his friends. B: 45.________________________ Both of them teach us important lessons about courage and friendship. A: Yes, I agree. A. Why do you like Santiago? B. I’m reading The Old Man and the Sea. C. Who is your favorite character in the story? D. That’s true. E. What do you think of the story? F. It’s about an old fisherman named Santiago. V. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Literature is a wonderful world of words. It 46.________ (include) many different types of writing. Fairy tales are stories 47.________ magic and wonder. They often begin with “Once upon a time” and end 48.________ “happily ever after.” Fables are short stories that teach 49.________ (we) lessons. They often use animals as characters. Aesop’s fables tell us that even the 50.________ (small) friend can be a great help. Novels are long 51.________ (story). They have many characters and take us on long journeys. Journey to the West is a great novel. Poems use beautiful language 52.________ (express) feelings. They have rhythm and rhyme. Li Bai’s poems make us 53.________ (feel) the beauty of nature. Dramas are 54.________ (write) to be performed on stage. Lao She’s Teahouse shows us the lives of common people. No matter 55.________ you like, there is a type of literature waiting for you. VI. 书面表达（满分15分） 56. 假设你是李华，你的学校正在举办“我最喜欢的故事角色”征文活动。请你写一篇英文短文，介绍你最喜欢的故事角色。 内容包括： 1. 这个角色是谁，出自哪部作品； 2. 描述他/她的性格特点，并通过一两个具体事例加以说明； 3. 说明你喜欢他/她的原因。 要求： 1. 语句通顺，意思连贯，可适当发挥； 2. 不少于80词。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $