Unit 4 Rules make for a better life 规则（话题阅读精练）英语新教材冀教版八年级下册

Unit 4 Rules make for a better life 规则 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 215 主要介绍了公共标识的种类、作用以及重要性，同时提到了一些有趣的公共标识，强调了遵守公共标识的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 378 这篇短文主要介绍了曲棍球比赛规则的发展变化。由于在传统的比赛规则中用头部撞击对方和用身体进行拦截有很大的危险性，因此进来在加拿大禁止了这些行为。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 应用文 153 本文主要列出了图书馆的开放时间、借阅规则以及读者需要遵守的行为规范。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 184 本文主要讲述了Mary和Jane写了一本有关规则的书。 Passage3 完形填空 说明文 202 文章主要讲述了规则的重要性，以及在不同场合（图书馆和公园）需要遵守的规则，强调了遵守规则对个人和社会的好处。 Passage4 完形填空 应用文 228 本文主要介绍了生活中的规则，以及它们的作用是用来维持秩序和创造更好的生活的，因此，我们每个人都需要遵循它们。 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 208 本文讲述了作者和好友Lily之间因个人边界问题产生矛盾，作者鼓起勇气沟通后，两人的友谊变得更加深厚，并从中领悟到朋友之间需要尊重彼此边界的道理。 Passage1时文阅读 Public Signs: Our Daily Helpers公共标识：我们日常生活的好帮手 Have you ever noticed the small signs around you? They are everywhere—in hospitals, on streets, and even in your school. These public signs don’t speak, but they can tell us what to do or what not to do. They are like silent teachers in our daily life. There are many kinds of public signs. Warning signs usually have bright colours like red or yellow. For example, a sign with a red circle and a line through it means “You can’t do this here”. You may see it in a museum, telling you not to take photos. Guide signs are blue or green most of the time. They show us directions, like the way to the bus stop or the washroom. Information signs give us useful facts, such as “Opening Hours: 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.” in a library. Public signs are important. They help keep us safe and make public places in order. But what if people don’t follow them? Imagine a world without “No Running” signs in a swimming pool—there may be more accidents. So it’s everyone’s job to read and follow these signs. Some signs are even fun! In a park in Australia, a sign says, “Keep off the grass—unless you are a rabbit!” It makes people smile, but it also gets the message across. 你是否留意过身边那些小小的标识？它们无处不在 —— 医院里、街道上，甚至在你的学校里。这些公共标识不会说话，却能告诉我们该做什么、不该做什么。它们就像我们日常生活中无声的老师。 公共标识有很多种类。警示标识通常采用红色、黄色等鲜艳的颜色。例如，一个带有红色圆圈和斜杠的标识意思是 “此处禁止此举”。你可能在博物馆里看到它，提示你禁止拍照。导向标识大多是蓝色或绿色的，它们为我们指引方向，比如去往公交车站或洗手间的路线。信息标识为我们提供实用信息，例如图书馆里的 “开放时间：上午 9:00— 下午 5:00”。 公共标识十分重要。它们保障我们的安全，维护公共场所的秩序。但如果人们不遵守这些标识会怎样呢？想象一下，游泳池里没有 “禁止奔跑” 标识的世界 —— 可能会发生更多意外事故。因此，读懂并遵守这些标识是每个人的责任。 有些标识甚至很有趣！在澳大利亚的一个公园里，有一块标识写着：“请勿践踏草坪 —— 除非你是兔子！” 这句话让人会心一笑，却也成功传达了信息。 【长难句分析】 ‌1.These public signs don’t speak, but they can tell us what to do or what not to do. ‌翻译:‌ 这些公共标识不会说话，却能告诉我们该做什么、不该做什么。 句式结构：并列句，由but连接两个转折关系的分句。 语法点：what to do / what not to do为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构，作 tell 的宾语补足语，相当于宾语从句 what we should do /what we should not do。 ‌2.Warning signs usually have bright colours like red or yellow. ‌翻译:‌ 警示标识通常采用红色、黄色等鲜艳的颜色。 ‌句式结构：简单句，主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 后置定语。 语法点：like此处为介词，意为 “比如，像”，用于举例，等同于 such as。 ‌3. It makes people smile, but it also gets the message across. ‌翻译:‌ 这句话让人会心一笑，却也成功传达了信息。 句式结构：并列句，but表转折。 固定搭配：make sb. do sth.** 让某人做某事；get the message across传达信息，把意思说清楚。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文 例句 public signs /ˈpʌblɪk saɪnz/ n. 公共标识 Public signs are important in our life. silent /ˈsaɪlənt/ adj. 沉默的；无声的 He kept silent about the plan. warning /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n./adj. 警告；警示的 Warning signs keep us safe. guide /ɡaɪd/ n./v. 向导；引导 Guide signs show us directions. direction /dəˈrekʃn/ n. 方向；指示 Could you tell me the direction to the station? in order /ɪn ˈɔːdə(r)/ phr. 秩序井然 Rules help keep public places in order. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象 Imagine a world without phones. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 事故；意外 Carelessness causes accidents. unless /ənˈles/ conj. 除非 I won’t go unless you come with me. get the message across /ɡet ðə ˈmesɪdʒ əˈkrɒs/ phr. 传达信息 He uses pictures to get the message across. Passage2 The willful blindness in hockey toward concussions (头部撞击) has dropped. Hockey Canada has followed the lead of USA Hockey in preventing bodychecking (身体拦截) below age 13. A bad head injury of Sidney Crosby, the hockey's greatest star, opened the eyes of hockey people everywhere. This country's children have been facing similar danger at early ages, and Hockey Canada had to deal with a deep worry in the minds of Canadians to make the rule change. The liking for bodychecking from an early age is part of what makes Canadian hockey what it is. 冰球运动中对脑震荡问题的刻意漠视已经有所缓解。加拿大冰球协会效仿美国冰球协会的做法，禁止 13 岁以下青少年进行身体拦截。冰球界最耀眼的球星西德尼・克罗斯比遭受严重头部受伤，这一事件让世界各地的冰球人士幡然醒悟。这个国家的孩子们在很小的时候就面临着类似的危险，加拿大冰球协会必须回应加拿大人心中深切的担忧，从而修改相关规则。从小就崇尚身体拦截，这是造就加拿大冰球特色的一部分原因。 The change in rules should be taken as a chance to draw special attention to skill development in an environment free of danger. It may also control the loss of thousands of young players who don't enjoy that environment. 此次规则修改应被视为一个契机，让人们格外重视在无危险环境中提升技术水平。这一举措也可能减少成千上万不喜欢这种对抗环境的年轻球员流失。 For years, many Canadian hockey parents and coaches have insisted that body checking at early ages is necessary to ensure that players can do it safely at older ages. True or not, there may be a safer way to teach hitting than to make younger players pay a price for it in head injuries. When USA Hockey changed its rules for the 2011-2012 season, it also created body checking-education programs that will be mandatory(强制的) for all coaches, including those teaching players in the pre-checking ages. And it began to encourage more "touch" - without real body checking - from 9 to 12. It also made the rules for 13 and up stricter. The USA is trying to show that it's possible to teach hockey protective skills without putting11 and 12-year-olds in greater danger. It's worth the try. 多年来，许多加拿大冰球运动员的家长和教练都坚持认为，从小进行身体拦截训练是必要的，以确保球员在年龄稍大后能安全地完成这一动作。无论这一观点是否正确，或许存在一种更安全的教学方式，而不是让年轻球员以头部受伤为代价来学习拦截。当美国冰球协会在 2011-2012 赛季修改规则时，还设立了身体拦截培训项目，强制所有教练参加，包括那些教授尚未达到拦截年龄球员的教练。该协会还开始鼓励 9 至 12 岁的球员进行更多 “轻触式” 对抗，而非真正的身体拦截，同时也收紧了 13 岁及以上年龄段的比赛规则。美国正试图证明，在不让 11、12 岁孩子陷入更大危险的前提下，教授冰球防护技能是可行的。这一尝试值得肯定。 Hockey Canada has taken serious steps to do away with hits on the head. However, it's hard to change a sports culture so connected with who we are as a country. Too often, body checking has been used to try to separate a player from his head rather than from the ball. Children were paying a price for this country's love of the game. 加拿大冰球协会已采取严厉措施杜绝头部撞击。然而，要改变一项与我们国家身份紧密相连的体育文化并非易事。身体拦截常常被用来撞击球员头部以夺取球权，而非合理地抢球。孩子们正在为这个国家对这项运动的热爱付出代价。 There are always changes in Canada's game, and the change in the bodychecking age sends the clearest message yet to coaches and parents that player safety is paramount(至上的) in the game. 加拿大的冰球运动总在不断变革，而此次身体拦截年龄限制的修改，向教练和家长传递了迄今为止最明确的信息：球员安全在这项运动中是至高无上的。 【长难句分析】 1.This country's children have been facing similar danger at early ages, and Hockey Canada had to deal with a deep worry in the minds of Canadians to make the rule change. ‌翻译:‌ 这个国家的孩子们在很小的时候就面临着类似的危险，加拿大冰球协会必须回应加拿大人心中深切的担忧，从而修改相关规则。 ‌重点:and连接的并列句。前半句为现在完成进行时（have been facing），强调危险持续存在；后半句中to make the rule change作目的状语，in the minds of Canadians为后置定语修饰 worry。 2.When USA Hockey changed its rules for the 2011-2012 season, it also created body checking-education programs that will be mandatory for all coaches, including those teaching players in the pre-checking ages. ‌翻译:‌ 当美国冰球协会在 2011-2012 赛季修改规则时，还设立了身体拦截培训项目，强制所有教练参加，包括那些教授尚未达到拦截年龄球员的教练。 ‌重点:When引导时间状语从句；主句中that引导定语从句修饰 programs；including those... 为现在分词结构作伴随状语，teaching players... 作后置定语修饰 those。 3.There are always changes in Canada's game, and the change in the body checking age sends the clearest message yet to coaches and parents that player safety is paramount in the game. ‌翻译:‌ 加拿大的冰球运动总在不断变革，而此次身体拦截年龄限制的修改，向教练和家长传递了迄今为止最明确的信息：球员安全在这项运动中是至高无上的。 ‌重点:and连接并列句；后半句中that引导同位语从句，解释说明 message 的具体内容；yet为副词，意为 “迄今为止”。 【重难点单词梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 willful blindness /ˈwɪlfl ˈblaɪndnəs/ n. 刻意漠视；故意视而不见 concussion /kənˈkʌʃn/ n. 脑震荡 Body checking /ˈbɒditʃekɪŋ/ n. （冰球）身体拦截 injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 mandatory /ˈmændətəri/ adj. 强制的；义务的 protective /prəˈtektɪv/ adj. 防护的；保护的 do away with /duː əˈweɪ wɪð/ phr. 废除；杜绝 paramount /ˈpærəmaʊnt/ adj. 至上的；最重要的 coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ v. 确保；保证 实战演练 Passage1 Library Rules★The library is open (开) from 7:30 to 22:00 from Monday to Friday, from 8:00 to 21:00 on Saturday and Sunday. ★Everyone can borrow (借) three books every time. Everyone can keep books for only one month. ★Don’t write or draw in books, and don’t write on the desk in the library. ★You can bring your phone or computer to the library. But don’t make noises (噪音). ★Keep quiet. Sometimes you want to talk about things with your classmates, then you can find a study room (自习室) and talk there. ★Don’t eat in the library. ★Remember to clean your desk and chair when you leave. If you have any questions about books, you can go to the first floor of the library. There is a librarian, and he or she can help you. 1．How long is the library open on weekends? A．For 13 hours. B．For 14 hours. C．For 15 hours. D．For 16 hours. 2．How many books can you borrow every time? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Where is the librarian? A．In the computer room. B．In the study room. C．On the first floor of the library. D．On the second floor of the library. 4．What are the rules in the library according to (根据) the passage? ①Have books for two months.    ②Don’t write in any books. ③Keep quiet in the study room.    ④Clean your chair and desk. A．①③ B．②④ C．③④ D．①② 5．How many rules are there in the library? A．7. B．8. C．9. D．10. Passage2 Families and schools have some rules. Some students think they are important and always follow them, but others don’t. Mary and her cousin Jane are American girls. They are good children in the same school. They think following the rules is very important. One day, Mary gets an idea. She wants to make a book about rules. She says, “I think the book can help Jane, our brothers, sisters and me to be good children. If he or she doesn’t obey the rules, he or she has to sit at the door for five minutes. ” The two girls begin writing the book of rules. There are some school rules like “Do your homework. Don’t be late for school. ” There are also some interesting rules in it, such as “No eating other people’s food. ” and “Don’t cry. ” Both girls like the book very much. Their brothers and sisters think it is very interesting and they often do as it says. Their classmates want to read it, too. Their teachers and parents want to publish (出版) it for them. 1．Where are Mary and Jane from? A．Africa B．The USA C．China D．France 2．Mary and Jane are ________. A．brothers B．in different schools C．good children at school D．neighbors 3．Their brothers and sisters think the book is ________. A．difficult B．interesting C．boring D．expensive 4．The book is about ________. A．school and family rules B．outdoor activities C．important rules D．amazing wonders 5．They write the book to ________. A．make some money B．help the school and family make some rules C．help their brothers and sisters get good grades D．help their brothers and sisters be good children Passage3 When you go to a new place, like a library or a park, you’ll find there are some rules there. Rules are made to make people’s life 1 and better. Everyone needs to follow them in daily life. In a library, you 2 talk loudly or run around. You should keep quiet to let others read 3 . If you want to borrow a book, you need to show your library card and the book will 4 to you for about two weeks. You must give it back on time. In a park, you can’t pick flowers 5 walk on the grass. It’s bad to leave rubbish everywhere, either. The park 6 by workers every morning, so we should keep it clean. When you play with your friends, don’t fight with each other. It’s 7 to be kind and friendly. Rules are everywhere in our life. They are not just for kids, but for all people. If we 8 the rules, we can live in a nice world. And it’s also a good way to 9 our good habits. Following rules is a kind of good manners (礼貌). It helps us to be a 10 person in the future. 1．A．safer B．busier C．harder D．funnier 2．A．need B．can’t C．must D．should 3．A．quickly B．clearly C．quietly D．happily 4．A．give B．be given C．pass D．be passed 5．A．and B．but C．or D．so 6．A．cleans B．cleaned C．is cleaning D．is cleaned 7．A．easy B．important C．boring D．difficult 8．A．follow B．break C．make D．change 9．A．show B．develop C．forget D．lose 10．A．better B．taller C．richer D．smarter Passage 4 Rules are everywhere in our life. They are made to keep order and make a better life. Everyone needs to follow them, no matter how old he or she is. In our school, there are many rules. We must get to school 1 time and finish our homework on time. We should be 2 to our teachers and classmates, and we mustn’t talk 3 in the classroom or the library. We also have to 4 the school uniform from Monday to Friday. These rules help us study better and make our school life more 5 . In public places, there are also lots of rules. For example, we mustn’t 6 litter everywhere. We should wait 7 line when we take the bus or the subway. We must wear seat belts when we take a car. These rules are for our 8 . If everyone follows them, we will live in a safer and cleaner environment. Some people think rules are boring, but I don’t think so. Rules are like guideposts (路标) in our life. They tell us what we can do and what we can’t do. If we 9 the rules, we may get into trouble. If we obey them, we can live a happy and peaceful life. It’s our 10 to follow all kinds of rules. Let’s work together to make our life better. 1．A．on B．in C．at D．for 2．A．rude B．polite C．impolite D．unkind 3．A．quietly B．slowly C．loudly D．clearly 4．A．put on B．wear C．dress D．in 5．A．comfortable B．boring C．difficult D．terrible 6．A．throw B．pick C．take D．bring 7．A．on B．in C．at D．for 8．A．safety B．safe C．safely D．save 9．A．follow B．obey C．break D．keep 10．A．hobby B．habit C．job D．duty Passage 5 In our history group, Lily was my best friend. We always worked well together. We shared ideas and laughed a lot. But this time, something felt different. Lily kept 1 my history notebook with all my personal notes without asking. At first, I didn’t say anything. I was afraid to make her 2 .  The third time it happened, she took my favourite pen, too. I felt really uncomfortable. My heart beat fast. After taking a deep breath, I 3 to say something. “Lily,” I said softly, “Please ask me 4 you use my things.” Lily looked surprised. “Oh, sorry. We are close friends. I didn’t think about your 5 .” “We are,” I replied, “but I still need my own space. This is about respect. My feelings are important, too. It is a 6 for me to set.” Lily listened to my words and 7 , “I see. I wasn’t paying attention. I’m so sorry for making you feel this way.” From then on, our friendship became even 8 . She started to ask first. I felt more comfortable and safer around her. We learned a lesson. Good friends need to 9 each other’s boundaries. It doesn’t push people away. It actually helps you 10 them more. 1．A．bringing B．taking C．carrying D．holding 2．A．angry B．happy C．relaxed D．interested 3．A．forgot B．decided C．learned D．failed 4．A．after B．until C．though D．before 5．A．minds B．ideas C．feelings D．grades 6．A．silence B．boundary C．balance D．distance 7．A．yelled B．nodded C．asked D．hid 8．A．harder B．weaker C．closer D．colder 9．A．set B．cross C．warn D．respect 10．A．trust B．help C．teach D．feel 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 7 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Rules make for a better life 规则 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 215 主要介绍了公共标识的种类、作用以及重要性，同时提到了一些有趣的公共标识，强调了遵守公共标识的重要性。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 378 这篇短文主要介绍了曲棍球比赛规则的发展变化。由于在传统的比赛规则中用头部撞击对方和用身体进行拦截有很大的危险性，因此进来在加拿大禁止了这些行为。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 应用文 153 本文主要列出了图书馆的开放时间、借阅规则以及读者需要遵守的行为规范。 Passage2 阅读理解 记叙文 184 本文主要讲述了Mary和Jane写了一本有关规则的书。 Passage3 完形填空 说明文 202 文章主要讲述了规则的重要性，以及在不同场合（图书馆和公园）需要遵守的规则，强调了遵守规则对个人和社会的好处。 Passage4 完形填空 应用文 228 本文主要介绍了生活中的规则，以及它们的作用是用来维持秩序和创造更好的生活的，因此，我们每个人都需要遵循它们。 Passage5 完形填空 记叙文 208 本文讲述了作者和好友Lily之间因个人边界问题产生矛盾，作者鼓起勇气沟通后，两人的友谊变得更加深厚，并从中领悟到朋友之间需要尊重彼此边界的道理。 时文阅读 Passage1 Public Signs: Our Daily Helpers公共标识：我们日常生活的好帮手 Have you ever noticed the small signs around you? They are everywhere—in hospitals, on streets, and even in your school. These public signs don’t speak, but they can tell us what to do or what not to do. They are like silent teachers in our daily life. There are many kinds of public signs. Warning signs usually have bright colours like red or yellow. For example, a sign with a red circle and a line through it means “You can’t do this here”. You may see it in a museum, telling you not to take photos. Guide signs are blue or green most of the time. They show us directions, like the way to the bus stop or the washroom. Information signs give us useful facts, such as “Opening Hours: 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m.” in a library. Public signs are important. They help keep us safe and make public places in order. But what if people don’t follow them? Imagine a world without “No Running” signs in a swimming pool—there may be more accidents. So it’s everyone’s job to read and follow these signs. Some signs are even fun! In a park in Australia, a sign says, “Keep off the grass—unless you are a rabbit!” It makes people smile, but it also gets the message across. 你是否留意过身边那些小小的标识？它们无处不在 —— 医院里、街道上，甚至在你的学校里。这些公共标识不会说话，却能告诉我们该做什么、不该做什么。它们就像我们日常生活中无声的老师。 公共标识有很多种类。警示标识通常采用红色、黄色等鲜艳的颜色。例如，一个带有红色圆圈和斜杠的标识意思是 “此处禁止此举”。你可能在博物馆里看到它，提示你禁止拍照。导向标识大多是蓝色或绿色的，它们为我们指引方向，比如去往公交车站或洗手间的路线。信息标识为我们提供实用信息，例如图书馆里的 “开放时间：上午 9:00— 下午 5:00”。 公共标识十分重要。它们保障我们的安全，维护公共场所的秩序。但如果人们不遵守这些标识会怎样呢？想象一下，游泳池里没有 “禁止奔跑” 标识的世界 —— 可能会发生更多意外事故。因此，读懂并遵守这些标识是每个人的责任。 有些标识甚至很有趣！在澳大利亚的一个公园里，有一块标识写着：“请勿践踏草坪 —— 除非你是兔子！” 这句话让人会心一笑，却也成功传达了信息。 【长难句分析】 ‌1.These public signs don’t speak, but they can tell us what to do or what not to do. ‌翻译:‌ 这些公共标识不会说话，却能告诉我们该做什么、不该做什么。 句式结构：并列句，由but连接两个转折关系的分句。 语法点：what to do / what not to do为 “疑问词 + 不定式” 结构，作 tell 的宾语补足语，相当于宾语从句 what we should do /what we should not do。 ‌2.Warning signs usually have bright colours like red or yellow. ‌翻译:‌ 警示标识通常采用红色、黄色等鲜艳的颜色。 ‌句式结构：简单句，主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 后置定语。 语法点：like此处为介词，意为 “比如，像”，用于举例，等同于 such as。 ‌3. It makes people smile, but it also gets the message across. ‌翻译:‌ 这句话让人会心一笑，却也成功传达了信息。 句式结构：并列句，but表转折。 固定搭配：make sb. do sth.** 让某人做某事；get the message across传达信息，把意思说清楚。 【重难词汇梳理】 单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文 例句 public signs /ˈpʌblɪk saɪnz/ n. 公共标识 Public signs are important in our life. silent /ˈsaɪlənt/ adj. 沉默的；无声的 He kept silent about the plan. warning /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n./adj. 警告；警示的 Warning signs keep us safe. guide /ɡaɪd/ n./v. 向导；引导 Guide signs show us directions. direction /dəˈrekʃn/ n. 方向；指示 Could you tell me the direction to the station? in order /ɪn ˈɔːdə(r)/ phr. 秩序井然 Rules help keep public places in order. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ v. 想象 Imagine a world without phones. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 事故；意外 Carelessness causes accidents. unless /ənˈles/ conj. 除非 I won’t go unless you come with me. get the message across /ɡet ðə ˈmesɪdʒ əˈkrɒs/ phr. 传达信息 He uses pictures to get the message across. Passage2 The willful blindness in hockey toward concussions (头部撞击) has dropped. Hockey Canada has followed the lead of USA Hockey in preventing bodychecking (身体拦截) below age 13. A bad head injury of Sidney Crosby, the hockey's greatest star, opened the eyes of hockey people everywhere. This country's children have been facing similar danger at early ages, and Hockey Canada had to deal with a deep worry in the minds of Canadians to make the rule change. The liking for bodychecking from an early age is part of what makes Canadian hockey what it is. 冰球运动中对脑震荡问题的刻意漠视已经有所缓解。加拿大冰球协会效仿美国冰球协会的做法，禁止 13 岁以下青少年进行身体拦截。冰球界最耀眼的球星西德尼・克罗斯比遭受严重头部受伤，这一事件让世界各地的冰球人士幡然醒悟。这个国家的孩子们在很小的时候就面临着类似的危险，加拿大冰球协会必须回应加拿大人心中深切的担忧，从而修改相关规则。从小就崇尚身体拦截，这是造就加拿大冰球特色的一部分原因。 The change in rules should be taken as a chance to draw special attention to skill development in an environment free of danger. It may also control the loss of thousands of young players who don't enjoy that environment. 此次规则修改应被视为一个契机，让人们格外重视在无危险环境中提升技术水平。这一举措也可能减少成千上万不喜欢这种对抗环境的年轻球员流失。 For years, many Canadian hockey parents and coaches have insisted that body checking at early ages is necessary to ensure that players can do it safely at older ages. True or not, there may be a safer way to teach hitting than to make younger players pay a price for it in head injuries. When USA Hockey changed its rules for the 2011-2012 season, it also created body checking-education programs that will be mandatory(强制的) for all coaches, including those teaching players in the pre-checking ages. And it began to encourage more "touch" - without real body checking - from 9 to 12. It also made the rules for 13 and up stricter. The USA is trying to show that it's possible to teach hockey protective skills without putting11 and 12-year-olds in greater danger. It's worth the try. 多年来，许多加拿大冰球运动员的家长和教练都坚持认为，从小进行身体拦截训练是必要的，以确保球员在年龄稍大后能安全地完成这一动作。无论这一观点是否正确，或许存在一种更安全的教学方式，而不是让年轻球员以头部受伤为代价来学习拦截。当美国冰球协会在 2011-2012 赛季修改规则时，还设立了身体拦截培训项目，强制所有教练参加，包括那些教授尚未达到拦截年龄球员的教练。该协会还开始鼓励 9 至 12 岁的球员进行更多 “轻触式” 对抗，而非真正的身体拦截，同时也收紧了 13 岁及以上年龄段的比赛规则。美国正试图证明，在不让 11、12 岁孩子陷入更大危险的前提下，教授冰球防护技能是可行的。这一尝试值得肯定。 Hockey Canada has taken serious steps to do away with hits on the head. However, it's hard to change a sports culture so connected with who we are as a country. Too often, body checking has been used to try to separate a player from his head rather than from the ball. Children were paying a price for this country's love of the game. 加拿大冰球协会已采取严厉措施杜绝头部撞击。然而，要改变一项与我们国家身份紧密相连的体育文化并非易事。身体拦截常常被用来撞击球员头部以夺取球权，而非合理地抢球。孩子们正在为这个国家对这项运动的热爱付出代价。 There are always changes in Canada's game, and the change in the bodychecking age sends the clearest message yet to coaches and parents that player safety is paramount(至上的) in the game. 加拿大的冰球运动总在不断变革，而此次身体拦截年龄限制的修改，向教练和家长传递了迄今为止最明确的信息：球员安全在这项运动中是至高无上的。 【长难句分析】 1.This country's children have been facing similar danger at early ages, and Hockey Canada had to deal with a deep worry in the minds of Canadians to make the rule change. ‌翻译:‌ 这个国家的孩子们在很小的时候就面临着类似的危险，加拿大冰球协会必须回应加拿大人心中深切的担忧，从而修改相关规则。 ‌重点:and连接的并列句。前半句为现在完成进行时（have been facing），强调危险持续存在；后半句中to make the rule change作目的状语，in the minds of Canadians为后置定语修饰 worry。 2.When USA Hockey changed its rules for the 2011-2012 season, it also created body checking-education programs that will be mandatory for all coaches, including those teaching players in the pre-checking ages. ‌翻译:‌ 当美国冰球协会在 2011-2012 赛季修改规则时，还设立了身体拦截培训项目，强制所有教练参加，包括那些教授尚未达到拦截年龄球员的教练。 ‌重点:When引导时间状语从句；主句中that引导定语从句修饰 programs；including those... 为现在分词结构作伴随状语，teaching players... 作后置定语修饰 those。 3.There are always changes in Canada's game, and the change in the body checking age sends the clearest message yet to coaches and parents that player safety is paramount in the game. ‌翻译:‌ 加拿大的冰球运动总在不断变革，而此次身体拦截年龄限制的修改，向教练和家长传递了迄今为止最明确的信息：球员安全在这项运动中是至高无上的。 ‌重点:and连接并列句；后半句中that引导同位语从句，解释说明 message 的具体内容；yet为副词，意为 “迄今为止”。 【重难点单词梳理】 英文单词 / 短语 音标 词性 中文释义 willful blindness /ˈwɪlfl ˈblaɪndnəs/ n. 刻意漠视；故意视而不见 concussion /kənˈkʌʃn/ n. 脑震荡 Body checking /ˈbɒditʃekɪŋ/ n. （冰球）身体拦截 injury /ˈɪndʒəri/ n. 伤害；损伤 mandatory /ˈmændətəri/ adj. 强制的；义务的 protective /prəˈtektɪv/ adj. 防护的；保护的 do away with /duː əˈweɪ wɪð/ phr. 废除；杜绝 paramount /ˈpærəmaʊnt/ adj. 至上的；最重要的 coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练 ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ v. 确保；保证 实战演练 Passage1 Library Rules★The library is open (开) from 7:30 to 22:00 from Monday to Friday, from 8:00 to 21:00 on Saturday and Sunday. ★Everyone can borrow (借) three books every time. Everyone can keep books for only one month. ★Don’t write or draw in books, and don’t write on the desk in the library. ★You can bring your phone or computer to the library. But don’t make noises (噪音). ★Keep quiet. Sometimes you want to talk about things with your classmates, then you can find a study room (自习室) and talk there. ★Don’t eat in the library. ★Remember to clean your desk and chair when you leave. If you have any questions about books, you can go to the first floor of the library. There is a librarian, and he or she can help you. 1．How long is the library open on weekends? A．For 13 hours. B．For 14 hours. C．For 15 hours. D．For 16 hours. 2．How many books can you borrow every time? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．Where is the librarian? A．In the computer room. B．In the study room. C．On the first floor of the library. D．On the second floor of the library. 4．What are the rules in the library according to (根据) the passage? ①Have books for two months.    ②Don’t write in any books. ③Keep quiet in the study room.    ④Clean your chair and desk. A．①③ B．②④ C．③④ D．①② 5．How many rules are there in the library? A．7. B．8. C．9. D．10. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 1．文中指出：“★The library is open from 7:30 to 22:00 from Monday to Friday, from 8:00 to 21:00 on Saturday and Sunday.”，表明周末开放时间为8:00至21:00，共计13小时。 2．文中指出：“★Everyone can borrow three books every time.”，说明每次可以借三本书。 3．文中指出：“★Remember to clean your desk and chair when you leave. If you have any questions about books, you can go to the first floor of the library. There is a librarian, and he or she can help you.”，表明图书管理员在图书馆一楼。 4．文中指出：“Don’t write or draw in books”，“Remember to clean your desk and chair when you leave.”，表明正确的规则是不要在任何书上写字以及清洁你的椅子和桌子。 5．通读全文可知，文中以“★”为标记列出了7条规则。 Passage2 Families and schools have some rules. Some students think they are important and always follow them, but others don’t. Mary and her cousin Jane are American girls. They are good children in the same school. They think following the rules is very important. One day, Mary gets an idea. She wants to make a book about rules. She says, “I think the book can help Jane, our brothers, sisters and me to be good children. If he or she doesn’t obey the rules, he or she has to sit at the door for five minutes. ” The two girls begin writing the book of rules. There are some school rules like “Do your homework. Don’t be late for school. ” There are also some interesting rules in it, such as “No eating other people’s food. ” and “Don’t cry. ” Both girls like the book very much. Their brothers and sisters think it is very interesting and they often do as it says. Their classmates want to read it, too. Their teachers and parents want to publish (出版) it for them. 1．Where are Mary and Jane from? A．Africa B．The USA C．China D．France 2．Mary and Jane are ________. A．brothers B．in different schools C．good children at school D．neighbors 3．Their brothers and sisters think the book is ________. A．difficult B．interesting C．boring D．expensive 4．The book is about ________. A．school and family rules B．outdoor activities C．important rules D．amazing wonders 5．They write the book to ________. A．make some money B．help the school and family make some rules C．help their brothers and sisters get good grades D．help their brothers and sisters be good children 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 1．第一段提到“Mary and her cousin Jane are American girls.”，因此她们来自美国。 2．第一段提到“They are good children in the same school.”，因此她们是同校的好孩子。 3．第四段提到“Their brothers and sisters think it is very interesting and they often do as it says.”，因此她们的兄弟姐妹觉得这本书很有趣。 4．第三段提到“There are some school rules like ‘Do your homework. Don’t be late for school.’ There are also some interesting rules in it, such as ‘No eating other people’s food.’ and ‘Don’t cry.”，可知这是有关学校和家庭规则的书。 5．第二段提到“She wants to make a book about rules. ... I think the book can help Jane, our brothers, sisters and me to be good children.”，因此她们写这本书是为了帮助自己和兄弟姐妹成为好孩子。 Passage3 When you go to a new place, like a library or a park, you’ll find there are some rules there. Rules are made to make people’s life 1 and better. Everyone needs to follow them in daily life. In a library, you 2 talk loudly or run around. You should keep quiet to let others read 3 . If you want to borrow a book, you need to show your library card and the book will 4 to you for about two weeks. You must give it back on time. In a park, you can’t pick flowers 5 walk on the grass. It’s bad to leave rubbish everywhere, either. The park 6 by workers every morning, so we should keep it clean. When you play with your friends, don’t fight with each other. It’s 7 to be kind and friendly. Rules are everywhere in our life. They are not just for kids, but for all people. If we 8 the rules, we can live in a nice world. And it’s also a good way to 9 our good habits. Following rules is a kind of good manners (礼貌). It helps us to be a 10 person in the future. 1．A．safer B．busier C．harder D．funnier 2．A．need B．can’t C．must D．should 3．A．quickly B．clearly C．quietly D．happily 4．A．give B．be given C．pass D．be passed 5．A．and B．but C．or D．so 6．A．cleans B．cleaned C．is cleaning D．is cleaned 7．A．easy B．important C．boring D．difficult 8．A．follow B．break C．make D．change 9．A．show B．develop C．forget D．lose 10．A．better B．taller C．richer D．smarter 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．A 1．句意：制定规则是为了使人们的生活更安全、更好。 safer更安全的；busier更忙碌的；harder更努力的；funnier更有趣的。根据“Rules are made to make people’s life...and better.”可知，规则的制定是为了让生活更安全更好。故选A。 2．句意：在图书馆里，你不能大声说话或四处跑动。 need需要；can’t不能；must必须；should应该。根据“talk loudly or run around”可知，图书馆里不能大声说话或四处跑动。故选B。 3．句意：你应该保持安静，让别人安静地阅读。 quickly快速地；clearly清晰地；quietly安静地；happily快乐地。保持安静是图书馆的基本要求，目的是让他人能有一个良好的阅读体验。故选C。 4．句意：如果你想借一本书，你需要出示你的借书证，这本书将借给你大约两周。 give给；be given被给；pass传递；be passed被传递。根据“the book will...to you”可知，此处指书被借出，用被动语态。故选B。 5．句意：在公园里，你不能摘花或在草地上行走。 and和；but但是；or或者；so因此。根据“can’t pick flowers...walk on the grass”可知，不能摘花或踩草坪，否定句中用or连接。故选C。 6．句意：公园每天早上都由工人打扫，所以我们应该保持它的清洁。 cleans打扫，动词三单；cleaned打扫，动词过去式；is cleaning打扫，现在进行时；is cleaned被打扫，一般现在时的被动语态。根据“by workers”可知，此处用被动语态。故选D。 7．句意：善良和友好是很重要的。 easy容易的；important重要的；boring无聊的；difficult困难的。根据“to be kind and friendly”可知，善良和友好是重要的。故选B。 8．句意：如果我们遵守规则，我们就能生活在一个美好的世界里。 follow遵守；break打破；make制作；change改变。根据“the rules”可知，此处指遵守规则。故选A。 9．句意：这也是培养我们好习惯的好方法。 show展示；develop培养；forget忘记；lose失去。根据“our good habits”可知，此处指培养好习惯。故选B。 10．句意：它帮助我们在未来成为一个更好的人。 better更好的；taller更高的；richer更富有的；smarter更聪明的。根据“Following rules is a kind of good manners”可知，遵守规则帮助我们成为更好的人。故选A。 Passage 4 Rules are everywhere in our life. They are made to keep order and make a better life. Everyone needs to follow them, no matter how old he or she is. In our school, there are many rules. We must get to school 1 time and finish our homework on time. We should be 2 to our teachers and classmates, and we mustn’t talk 3 in the classroom or the library. We also have to 4 the school uniform from Monday to Friday. These rules help us study better and make our school life more 5 . In public places, there are also lots of rules. For example, we mustn’t 6 litter everywhere. We should wait 7 line when we take the bus or the subway. We must wear seat belts when we take a car. These rules are for our 8 . If everyone follows them, we will live in a safer and cleaner environment. Some people think rules are boring, but I don’t think so. Rules are like guideposts (路标) in our life. They tell us what we can do and what we can’t do. If we 9 the rules, we may get into trouble. If we obey them, we can live a happy and peaceful life. It’s our 10 to follow all kinds of rules. Let’s work together to make our life better. 1．A．on B．in C．at D．for 2．A．rude B．polite C．impolite D．unkind 3．A．quietly B．slowly C．loudly D．clearly 4．A．put on B．wear C．dress D．in 5．A．comfortable B．boring C．difficult D．terrible 6．A．throw B．pick C．take D．bring 7．A．on B．in C．at D．for 8．A．safety B．safe C．safely D．save 9．A．follow B．obey C．break D．keep 10．A．hobby B．habit C．job D．duty 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 1．句意：我们必须按时到校，按时完成作业。 on在……时间；in里面；at在；for为了。根据“We must get to school…time and finish our homework on time.”可知，此处表达“按时到校”，on time“准时”，固定搭配。故选A。 2．句意：我们应该对老师和同学有礼貌，我们不能在教室或图书馆大声说话。 rude粗鲁的；polite有礼貌的；impolite不礼貌的；unkind无情的。根据“We should be…to our teachers and classmates”可知，此处表达“应该对老师和同学有礼貌”。故选B。 3．句意：我们应该对老师和同学有礼貌，我们不能在教室或图书馆大声说话。 quietly安静地；slowly缓慢地；loudly大声地；clearly显然地。根据“we mustn’t talk…in the classroom or the library.”可知，此处表达“不能在教室或图书馆大声说话”。故选C。 4．句意：我们也必须从周一到周五穿校服。 put on穿上；wear穿戴；dress打扮；in在……里面。根据“We also have to…the school uniform from Monday to Friday.”可知，此处表示“穿校服”的状态，应用wear。故选B。 5．句意：这些规则帮助我们更好地学习，让我们的学校生活更舒适。 comfortable舒适的；boring无聊的；difficult困难的；terrible可怕的。根据“These rules help us study better and make our school life more…”可知，此处表达规则帮助我们更好学习，会让校园生活更舒适。故选A。 6．句意：例如，我们不能到处扔垃圾。 throw扔；pick捡；take拿；bring带来。根据“For example, we mustn’t…litter everywhere.”可知，此处表达不能到处扔垃圾。故选A。 7．句意：当我们乘公共汽车或地铁时，我们应该排队等候。 on在……上；in在……里面；at在；for为了。根据“We should wait…line when we take the bus or the subway.”可知，此处表达应该排队等候，in line“排队”，介词短语。故选B。 8．句意：这些规则是为了我们的安全。 safety安全；safe安全的；safely安全地；save拯救。根据“We must wear seat belts when we take a car. These rules are for our…”可知，此处表达我们乘车时系安全带是为了我们的安全。故选A。 9．句意：如果我们违反规则，我们可能会陷入困境。 follow跟随；obey遵守；break违反；keep保持。根据“They tell us what we can do and what we can’t do. If we…the rules, we may get into trouble.”可知，此处表达规则告诉我们什么能做，什么不能做，因此，如果我们违反规则，我们可能会陷入困境。故选C。 10．句意：遵守各种规则是我们的职责。 hobby爱好；habit习惯；job工作；duty责任。根据“It’s our…to follow all kinds of rules. Let’s work together to make our life better.”可知，此处表达遵守各种规则是我们的职责。故选D。 Passage 5 In our history group, Lily was my best friend. We always worked well together. We shared ideas and laughed a lot. But this time, something felt different. Lily kept 1 my history notebook with all my personal notes without asking. At first, I didn’t say anything. I was afraid to make her 2 .  The third time it happened, she took my favourite pen, too. I felt really uncomfortable. My heart beat fast. After taking a deep breath, I 3 to say something. “Lily,” I said softly, “Please ask me 4 you use my things.” Lily looked surprised. “Oh, sorry. We are close friends. I didn’t think about your 5 .” “We are,” I replied, “but I still need my own space. This is about respect. My feelings are important, too. It is a 6 for me to set.” Lily listened to my words and 7 , “I see. I wasn’t paying attention. I’m so sorry for making you feel this way.” From then on, our friendship became even 8 . She started to ask first. I felt more comfortable and safer around her. We learned a lesson. Good friends need to 9 each other’s boundaries. It doesn’t push people away. It actually helps you 10 them more. 1．A．bringing B．taking C．carrying D．holding 2．A．angry B．happy C．relaxed D．interested 3．A．forgot B．decided C．learned D．failed 4．A．after B．until C．though D．before 5．A．minds B．ideas C．feelings D．grades 6．A．silence B．boundary C．balance D．distance 7．A．yelled B．nodded C．asked D．hid 8．A．harder B．weaker C．closer D．colder 9．A．set B．cross C．warn D．respect 10．A．trust B．help C．teach D．feel 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 1．句意：Lily总是不问就拿走我的历史笔记本，上面记着我所有的个人笔记。 bringing带来；taking拿走；carrying携带；holding握住。根据文章“Lily kept… my history notebook with all my personal notes without asking.”可知，后文提到作者感到不舒服，说明Lily是未经允许拿走了东西，taking符合语境。故选B。 2．句意：起初，我什么也没说。我害怕让她生气。 angry生气的；happy开心的；relaxed放松的；interested感兴趣的。根据文章“At first, I didn’t say anything. I was afraid to make her….”可知，作者因为害怕对方生气，所以一开始没有指出问题，angry符合语境。故选A。 3．句意：深呼吸之后，我决定说点什么。 forgot忘记；decided决定；learned学习；failed失败。根据文章“After taking a deep breath, I… to say something.”可知，作者在深呼吸后做出了行动的决定，decided to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决定做某事”。故选B。 4．句意：“Lily，”我轻声说，“在你用我的东西之前，请先问我一下。” after在……之后；until直到；though虽然；before在……之前。根据文章“‘Lily,’ I said softly, ‘Please ask me… you use my things.’”可知，作者希望对方在使用自己物品之前先询问，before符合语境。故选D。 5．句意：“哦，对不起。我们是好朋友。我没有考虑你的感受。” minds头脑；ideas想法；feelings感受；grades成绩。根据文章“‘Oh, sorry. We are close friends. I didn’t think about your….’”可知，Lily没有意识到自己的行为让作者不舒服，也就是没有考虑到作者的感受，feelings符合语境。故选C。 6．句意：这对我来说是一个需要设定的边界。 silence沉默；boundary边界；balance平衡；distance距离。根据文章“It is a… for me to set.”以及后文提到的“each other’s boundaries”可知，作者强调的是个人边界，boundary符合语境。故选B。 7．句意：Lily听了我的话，点了点头。 yelled大喊；nodded点头；asked询问；hid隐藏。根据文章“Lily listened to my words and….”可知，Lily在倾听后表示理解，点头是表示认同的动作，nodded符合语境。故选B。 8．句意：从那以后，我们的友谊变得更加亲密了。 harder更难的；weaker更弱的；closer更亲密的；colder更冷淡的。根据文章“From then on, our friendship became even….”以及后文描述的积极变化可知，两人的关系变得更好了，closer符合语境。故选C。 9．句意：好朋友需要尊重彼此的边界。 set设定；cross越过；warn警告；respect尊重。根据文章“Good friends need to… each other's boundaries.”以及前文提到的“This is about respect”可知，友谊的关键在于尊重彼此的边界，respect符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：这实际上会帮助你更加信任他们。 trust信任；help帮助；teach教；feel感觉。根据文章“It doesn’t push people away. It actually helps you… them more.”可知，尊重边界会加深彼此的信任，trust符合语境。故选A。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $