考前押题01 阅读理解3大常考题型（期中复习专项训练）七年级英语下学期新教材鲁教版五四学制

专题01 阅读理解3大常考题型 题型1 阅读理解题之单项选择 题型2 阅读理解题之阅读还原 题型3 阅读理解题之任务型阅读 题型1 阅读理解题之单项选择 Passage1 Friends are very important in everyone’s life because friends are always there when we need them. It’s great to have many friends, and I can’t think about my life without my friends. My name’s Molly. I am tall enough but a little fat. My best friend is Lisa. When I first met her, I was five. She is one year older than me. Now we are in the same class. She is tall and thin. She has long curly blonde hair (弯曲的金发) and blue eyes. I am not so beautiful. Sometimes I wish I could be as beautiful as she is. Lisa and I like doing lots of things together and talking about different things. She always helps me with my maths and I sometimes help her with her English and history. I once had to make a report (报告) on science, but I didn’t understand what the teacher said. The next day, I read my report in front of the class. But the teacher told me that it was wrong and my classmates laughed at me. I felt very bad about myself. Lisa was the only one who didn’t laugh at me. She tried to be nicer than anybody else and made me happy. I am a shy person and sometimes I feel that people don’t understand me. Lisa is friendly and everybody loves her. She is also smart and she can deal with (解决) everything. I am happy to have a friend like her. 1．What subject does Lisa always help Molly with? A．Maths. B．English. C．History. D．Science. 2．Why did Molly feel bad after reading the report? A．Because Lisa did better than her. B．Because she didn’t read it out loud. C．Because her classmates laughed at her. D．Because the teacher didn’t understand her. 3．Which word CANNOT describe Lisa? A．Shy. B．Friendly. C．Popular. D．Smart. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Lisa is taller than Molly. B．Molly is more beautiful than Lisa. C．Lisa has brown hair and blue eyes. D．Lisa is older than Molly. 5．How did Molly feel when her classmates laughed at her? A．Happy. B．Angry. C．Sad. D．Excited. Passage2 There are many amazing plants in the world. One of them is the Venus flytrap (捕蝇草). It is a kind of meat-eating plant. It grows in wet soil in North America. The Venus flytrap has special leaves. Each leaf has two parts with small hairs on them. When an insect touches the hairs two times, the leaf will close quickly. It takes the leaf about 0.5 seconds to close. Then, the leaf will make a kind of juice to digest (消化) insects. After about a week, the leaf will open again and the insect’s body will be gone. The Venus flytrap needs meat because it grows in soil without much nutrition (营养). It needs to get nutrition from the insect to grow well. 6．Where does the Venus flytrap grow? A．In dry soil. B．In wet soil. C．In sandy soil. D．In rocky soil. 7．What will happen when an insect touches the hairs on the leaf twice? A．The leaf will close quickly B．The leaf will open quickly C．The leaf will make juice at once D．The leaf will destroy itself 8．How long does it take the Venus flytrap to digest an insect? A．About 0.5 seconds. B．About 0.5 days. C．About a week. D．About a month. 9．Why does the Venus flytrap need to eat meat? A．Because it is a meat-eating plant by nature. B．Because it has many hairs on its leaves. C．Because it grows in soil with little nutrition. D．Because it has no other way to get nutrition. 10．What is the passage mainly about? A．A kind of amazing plant. B．A kind of amazing insect. C．The living habits of plants. D．The nutrition of soil. Passage3 In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards (标准) for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 11．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 12．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared. B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 13．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 14．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 15．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. Passage4 If you wake up one day and decide to build a house, how will you begin? Get some tools and build it at once? Or think carefully and prepare everything first? Of course, the second way is better. Why? Because you make a plan for your goal! Many people have goals. But without a plan for reaching those goals, only 8% of these people will finally achieve them. ▲ ? First, it stops you from spending time on meaningless things. Also, it helps you know better what to do step by step. What’s more, if you make a good plan, you’ll be surprised at how much you can achieve. Last, by making a plan, you will know the possible problems and try your best to solve them. The importance of having a plan is now clear, but how do you make your own plan? Step 1: Write your goal down. In this way, you will be more sure about it. Step 2: Cut your goal into small parts and make plans for them. So you will be clearer about what you can do step by step. Step 3: Read your plan every day. A plan is of no use if you never look at it. Step 4: Tell a friend about your plan. You may need his help when you can’t follow it. Remember: “A goal without a plan is just a wish.” Once you make a plan for your goal and try your best to follow it, you will hardly fail. 16．How does the writer start the passage? A．With an example. B．With some facts. C．With some numbers. D．With a long story. 17．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A．How can we make our own plans B．Why is making plans so important C．What do good plans have in common D．What’s the right time to make plans 18．What do we need a friend to do for us? A．To make plans for us. B．To talk about the steps. C．To read the plans for us. D．To help us follow the plan. 19．The writer writes this article to __________. A．teach people to build a house B．talk about good life goals C．share his plans with the readers D．ask people to make plans 20．What can we learn from the underlined sentence “A goal without a plan is just a wish”? A．A wish is better expressed than a goal. B．A wish will turn into a goal without a plan. C．A goal needs a plan to become achievable. D．A goal and a wish are the same thing. 题型2 阅读理解题之阅读还原 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage1 Do you make a resolution on New Year’s Day? How to make a good resolution? 1 ★Plan for the resolution. It is not enough to have a goal. You need to think out some right steps for the resolution. So make your plan. 2 And it’ll also tell you how to make the goal come true at last. Making a plan is very important. ★ 3 If you make your plan later, you may forget your resolution gradually (逐渐地). It’s important that you start making your plan right now. ★ 4 You should write your resolution and plan in some places, such as a notebook or your diary. ★Think “year around”, not just New Year’s. You can’t finish anything in one day. You make a resolution in one day. 5 It may need a hundred small steps. New Year’s resolution should be a starting point. You must keep a habit for making your resolution come true gradually. A．How do we make a plan? B．Make your plan right now. C．Maybe the advice can help you. D．Write down your resolution and plan. E．A good plan will tell you what to do next. F．It doesn’t mean you must finish it in one day. G．It’s important to make resolutions for people. Passage2 You may know different kinds of fruit salad, however, have you ever had chicken salad? I think my family has the best recipe to make chicken salad. 6 First, buy some ingredients like chicken, tomatoes, green olives (橄榄), onions, fruit jam (果酱), juice and apples. 7 8 It’s easy to make the relish (调味酱), you just need to mix the jam, the juice and the salt together. Then, cut the chicken into thin pieces and cut up the tomatoes, onions and apples. Next, put the chicken, tomatoes, onions and apple pieces in a large bowl and mix them up. 9 Because they give the salad an interesting taste. Finally, mix the relish with the salad ingredients and eat it. 10 If you have, please tell us about it. You can write to us at 34258179@ qq.com. A．If you like lettuce, you can also buy some. B．Chicken salad is really delicious! C．Now let me tell you how my family makes the salad. D．You can also put some green olives in it. E．I want to learn how to make the chicken salad. F．Next, make the relish. G．Do you have a favourite chicken salad recipe? Passage3 Think about a world without insects. It might sound nice at first. There would be no flies in your room. 11 The number of insects is becoming less and less, according to British biologist Dave Goulson. “In the 27 years from 1989 to 2016, the number of insects fell by 75 percent,” Dave Goulson, a British biologist, wrote. 12 They are bad for the places that insects live in. What would happen without insects? 13 But the results would be far-reaching (深远的). We need insects to pollinate crops. They also break down dead plants and animals and turn them into new useful things. We need them to keep the soil healthy and do much more. 14 They would go hungry and die. The ecosystem would be off balance (失去平衡). “The first step to stop this is to let more people understand the values of the natural world,” Goulson said. “ 15 We should teach kids to care for nature early.” A．Why did the number of insects fall? B．It’s almost impossible (不可能的) to give an answer. C．But in fact, this could be really bad news. D．The best place to start is with our children. E．Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat. F．Everyone should play a part in nature. G．Scientists say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides (农药)。 Passage4 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? 16 They are “pest friends” “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends is simply an acquaintance (熟人). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friends at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they're not around. 17 That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends could also be called “social partners”. 18 You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but you don't talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don't open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friends”, is the one you know the deepest. 19 You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you're wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect, but at least they will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意) to hurt you. 20 We should value (重视) all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. A．You have to keep secrets to yourself. B．There are three different kinds of friends. C．They will help you with your life problems. D．We all have our pest, guest and best friends. E．You’re like family, and know everything about each other. F．When this kind of friends does something bad, you don't tell them. G．They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. 题型3 阅读理解题之任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Passage 1 Everyone needs friends. How do you have real friendship and keep it? Writer Sally Seaman tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed (种子) and take care of it to make it grow. What makes a good friend? It’s not because he or she has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient (有耐心的). For example, if you are in a bad mood (情绪), a good friend should listen to you and do his or her best to help you. But things can’t always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You’d better talk to him or her. There are three steps to be friends again: say sorry to him or her; tell him or her how you are feeling; tell him or her why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is much more important than some other things in your life. 根据语篇内容，回答问题。 1．What does Sally want to tell students? (不超过2个词) 2．What does Sally compare “finding friendship” to ? (compare...to把……比作) 3．What should a good friend be like according to the text? (不超过3个词) 4．What can we do to be friends again after conflict (矛盾)? (列出一条就可以) 5．翻译划线句子。 Passage 2 How much do you know about cheetahs? The cheetah is a truly special animal as the world’s fastest land animal. A cheetah can go from zero to 60 miles an hour in only three seconds. Most cheetahs live in Africa. In the past 100 years, the number of cheetahs living in the wild has dropped from 100,000 to fewer than 7,000. They are in danger of dying out because they have few places to live and people hunt them. Can we help cheetahs in danger? Wildlife scientists hope so. They are trying to protect cheetahs by letting people know about their situation and thinking up some useful ways to keep them safe. Good news for cheetahs at the Saint Louis Zoo! Eight baby cheetahs that were born there are growing up well. “The babies do well,” the zoo’s worker, Steve, said. “They are very active and healthy. They like playing with each other or with their mum.” By raising baby cheetahs, the zoo is working to save cheetahs from dying out. The zoo is also helping protect cheetahs in the wild. “We want children to know that cheetahs are in danger,” said Steve. “It is important to protect their living space.” 6．What is the cheetah famous as? 不超过9个字 7．Why are cheetahs in danger now? 不超过11个字 8．What do the eight baby cheetahs at the Saint Louis Zoo like doing? 不超过10个字 9．How do wildlife scientists help to protect cheetahs according to the text? (写出一个答案即可) 10．翻译划线句子 Passage 3 Do potatoes play a small role on your dinner table? If so, let’s have a big change! Potatoes have become China’s fourth staple food (主食) after rice, wheat and corn. 12 Using potatoes as a staple can make our diets healthier and more balanced. They are good for us in many ways. Potatoes are nutritious (有营养的). They are rich in vitamin C． A potato’s vitamin C is as rich as 10 apples. Potatoes are also low in calories—they have just 75 percent of the amount of calories that wheat and corn have. Also, potatoes are easy to grow. People can grow them in almost every part of China. Potatoes don’t need much water to grow. China is facing water shortage problems, so potatoes are a good choice. 13 Many Chinese people think potatoes are only vegetables. They cook potatoes along with other ingredients (材料). But as a staple, potatoes can be cooked differently. Scientists have found ways to make potato flour, noodles and other staple foods, just like how we use rice or wheat. 11．What does the underlined phrase “a big change” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Let potatoes play a smaller role on the dinner table. B．Eat potatoes more often than before. C．Stop including potatoes in daily diets. D．Grow some new kinds of potatoes. 12．把划线句子翻译成汉语。 13．把划线句子翻译成汉语。 14．What is the main idea (主旨大意) of Paragraph 4 ? 15．What have scientists tried to do? 。 Passage 4 I’m Tom. The new year is coming. It is a good time to think about new plans. This year, I will make resolutions as follows. First, I am going to study better. I am not good at English now. So I am going to read more English books and speak English with my friends every week. I hope to get better grades. Second, I want to be healthier. I am going to eat more fruit and vegetables. Also, I am going to play basketball three times a week. I think exercise is important. Third, I am going to learn something new. My resolution is to learn how to cook. My parents are always busy, and I want to help them. I am going to learn to make easy dishes first. It is not always easy to keep resolutions, but I am going to try my best. I will put my plan on my wall. I think with a good plan and hard work, I can make it! 16．How many resolutions does Tom make? 17．Is Tom going to speak English with his friends to study English better? 18．What sport is Tom going to play? 19．Why does Tom want to learn to cook? 20．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读理解3大常考题型 题型1 阅读理解题之单项选择 题型2 阅读理解题之阅读还原 题型3 阅读理解题之任务型阅读 题型1 阅读理解题之单项选择 Passage1 Friends are very important in everyone’s life because friends are always there when we need them. It’s great to have many friends, and I can’t think about my life without my friends. My name’s Molly. I am tall enough but a little fat. My best friend is Lisa. When I first met her, I was five. She is one year older than me. Now we are in the same class. She is tall and thin. She has long curly blonde hair (弯曲的金发) and blue eyes. I am not so beautiful. Sometimes I wish I could be as beautiful as she is. Lisa and I like doing lots of things together and talking about different things. She always helps me with my maths and I sometimes help her with her English and history. I once had to make a report (报告) on science, but I didn’t understand what the teacher said. The next day, I read my report in front of the class. But the teacher told me that it was wrong and my classmates laughed at me. I felt very bad about myself. Lisa was the only one who didn’t laugh at me. She tried to be nicer than anybody else and made me happy. I am a shy person and sometimes I feel that people don’t understand me. Lisa is friendly and everybody loves her. She is also smart and she can deal with (解决) everything. I am happy to have a friend like her. 1．What subject does Lisa always help Molly with? A．Maths. B．English. C．History. D．Science. 2．Why did Molly feel bad after reading the report? A．Because Lisa did better than her. B．Because she didn’t read it out loud. C．Because her classmates laughed at her. D．Because the teacher didn’t understand her. 3．Which word CANNOT describe Lisa? A．Shy. B．Friendly. C．Popular. D．Smart. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Lisa is taller than Molly. B．Molly is more beautiful than Lisa. C．Lisa has brown hair and blue eyes. D．Lisa is older than Molly. 5．How did Molly feel when her classmates laughed at her? A．Happy. B．Angry. C．Sad. D．Excited. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了 Molly 和她最好的朋友 Lisa 的故事，介绍了两人的外貌差异、日常相处，并通过一次Molly被同学嘲笑的经历，体现了Lisa的友善与支持，展现了真挚友谊的珍贵。 1．定位原文第三段：“She always helps me with my maths...”直接提取信息可知，Lisa经常帮助Molly学习数学。 2．定位原文第三段：“...my classmates laughed at me. I felt very bad about myself.”可知Molly难过的原因是同学们嘲笑她。 3． 定位原文第四段：“Lisa is friendly and everybody loves her. She is also smart and she can deal with everything.”文中提到Lisa friendly（友善）、popular（受欢迎，大家都喜欢她）、smart（聪明），但未提及她shy（害羞）。 4．定位原文第二段：“When I first met her, I was five. She is one year older than me.”可知Lisa比Molly大一岁。 5．定位原文第三段：“I felt very bad about myself.”“felt very bad”对应选项中的“sad”（难过）。 Passage2 There are many amazing plants in the world. One of them is the Venus flytrap (捕蝇草). It is a kind of meat-eating plant. It grows in wet soil in North America. The Venus flytrap has special leaves. Each leaf has two parts with small hairs on them. When an insect touches the hairs two times, the leaf will close quickly. It takes the leaf about 0.5 seconds to close. Then, the leaf will make a kind of juice to digest (消化) insects. After about a week, the leaf will open again and the insect’s body will be gone. The Venus flytrap needs meat because it grows in soil without much nutrition (营养). It needs to get nutrition from the insect to grow well. 6．Where does the Venus flytrap grow? A．In dry soil. B．In wet soil. C．In sandy soil. D．In rocky soil. 7．What will happen when an insect touches the hairs on the leaf twice? A．The leaf will close quickly B．The leaf will open quickly C．The leaf will make juice at once D．The leaf will destroy itself 8．How long does it take the Venus flytrap to digest an insect? A．About 0.5 seconds. B．About 0.5 days. C．About a week. D．About a month. 9．Why does the Venus flytrap need to eat meat? A．Because it is a meat-eating plant by nature. B．Because it has many hairs on its leaves. C．Because it grows in soil with little nutrition. D．Because it has no other way to get nutrition. 10．What is the passage mainly about? A．A kind of amazing plant. B．A kind of amazing insect. C．The living habits of plants. D．The nutrition of soil. 【答案】6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了食肉植物捕蝇草的生长地点、捕食过程及需要吃肉的原因。 6．第一段结尾“It grows in wet soil in North America.”指出捕蝇草生长的地点：捕蝇草生长在湿润的土壤中。 7．第二段“When an insect touches the hairs two times, the leaf will close quickly.”指出结果：昆虫触碰叶片绒毛两次后，叶片会快速闭合。 8．第二段结尾“After about a week,...the insect’s body will be gone.”指出时间：捕蝇草消化昆虫大约需要一周时间。 9．第三段“because it grows in soil without much nutrition”指出原因：它生长的土壤营养匮乏。 10．文章开篇引出世界上有许多神奇的植物，随后详细介绍了捕蝇草的生长环境、捕食及消化方式，核心是介绍这种神奇的食虫植物。 Passage3 In early September, a debate about pre-prepared food (预制菜) started in China. Luo Yonghao, a well-known businessman, posted on social media Weibo that he felt “uncomfortable” after dining at Xibei, a famous restaurant brand in China. He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food. Xibei quickly fought back. Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh. This event pushed pre-prepared food into the spotlight and caused wide discussion. On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers. Restaurants can make more dishes in less time with pre-prepared ingredients (食材), which makes the waiting time for customers shorter. For busy people at home, pre-prepared food also makes cooking easier—they just need to reheat it before eating. Besides, pre-prepared food can cut food waste. Factories that make it usually control ingredient amounts strictly, so fewer ingredients are thrown away. However, pre-prepared food has its problems. Many people worry about its taste. Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing. There are also worries about food safety. If the pre-prepared food is not stored or transported properly, it could go bad and harm people’s health. What’s more, some restaurants use pre-prepared food but don’t tell customers, which takes away people’s right to choose. Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards (标准) for pre-prepared food, so that everyone can make informed choices. 11．What did Luo Yonghao ask the government to do about pre-prepared food? A．Stop restaurants from using it. B．Make laws to let restaurants mark its use. C．Lower the price of pre-prepared dishes. D．Punish restaurants that use it. 12．Why did Xibei open its kitchen to the public? A．To show its dishes are fresh, not pre-prepared. B．To teach customers how to cook its dishes. C．To follow new government rules. D．To attract customers with clean kitchens. 13．What does the underlined phrase “fought back” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．放弃 B．反驳 C．沉默 D．抢救 14．What is the writer’s attitude towards pre-prepared food? A．It is perfect and should be widely used. B．It is terrible and people had better not eat it. C．It has both good and bad sides, needing better standards. D．It is only suitable for busy people at home. 15．Why do people worry about the pre-prepared food? A．It is always too expensive to afford. B．It may lose nutrients during reheating and processing. C．It makes the waiting time for customers longer. D．It uses many fresh ingredients and causes waste. 【答案】11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了罗永浩对西贝预制菜的指责，并由此引发对于预制菜的讨论和思考。 11．根据第一段“He said almost all dishes there were pre-prepared but overpriced, and called on the government to make laws forcing restaurants to tell people clearly if they use such food.”可知，他呼吁政府立法，强制餐厅明确告知顾客是否使用预制菜。 12．根据第二段“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，向公众开放厨房是为了证明其菜品新鲜。 13．根据第二段“Its founder Jia Guolong said none of Xibei’s dishes were pre-prepared and later opened its kitchens to the public to show that its dishes were fresh.”可知，在罗永浩的言论下，西贝创始人贾国龙称西贝没有任何预制菜，随后向公众开放厨房，以证明其菜品新鲜，以此举来反驳罗永浩预制菜的言论，所以此处fought back表示“反驳”。 14．根据第三段“On the positive side, pre-prepared food saves time for both restaurants and customers.”、第四段“However, pre-prepared food has its problems.”以及最后一段“Now, more and more people hope there will be clearer standards (标准) for pre-prepared food…”可知，预制食品既有优点也有缺点，需要更好的标准。 15．根据第四段“Reheating may make the food less delicious, and some nutrients (营养) might be lost during processing.”可知，加热可能导致食物口感变差，且部分营养在加工过程中可能流失。 Passage4 If you wake up one day and decide to build a house, how will you begin? Get some tools and build it at once? Or think carefully and prepare everything first? Of course, the second way is better. Why? Because you make a plan for your goal! Many people have goals. But without a plan for reaching those goals, only 8% of these people will finally achieve them. ▲ ? First, it stops you from spending time on meaningless things. Also, it helps you know better what to do step by step. What’s more, if you make a good plan, you’ll be surprised at how much you can achieve. Last, by making a plan, you will know the possible problems and try your best to solve them. The importance of having a plan is now clear, but how do you make your own plan? Step 1: Write your goal down. In this way, you will be more sure about it. Step 2: Cut your goal into small parts and make plans for them. So you will be clearer about what you can do step by step. Step 3: Read your plan every day. A plan is of no use if you never look at it. Step 4: Tell a friend about your plan. You may need his help when you can’t follow it. Remember: “A goal without a plan is just a wish.” Once you make a plan for your goal and try your best to follow it, you will hardly fail. 16．How does the writer start the passage? A．With an example. B．With some facts. C．With some numbers. D．With a long story. 17．Which of the following sentences can be put in ▲ ? A．How can we make our own plans B．Why is making plans so important C．What do good plans have in common D．What’s the right time to make plans 18．What do we need a friend to do for us? A．To make plans for us. B．To talk about the steps. C．To read the plans for us. D．To help us follow the plan. 19．The writer writes this article to __________. A．teach people to build a house B．talk about good life goals C．share his plans with the readers D．ask people to make plans 20．What can we learn from the underlined sentence “A goal without a plan is just a wish”? A．A wish is better expressed than a goal. B．A wish will turn into a goal without a plan. C．A goal needs a plan to become achievable. D．A goal and a wish are the same thing. 【答案】16．A 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了制定计划对实现目标的重要性，以及如何制定计划的具体步骤。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“If you wake up one day and decide to build a house, how will you begin?”可知，作者以“建房子”的例子开篇。故选A。 17．推理判断题。根据文章第2段空格后“First, it stops you from spending time on meaningless things...Last, by making a plan, you will know the possible problems...”可知，这些是“制定计划的重要性”的具体体现，因此空格处应是“为什么制定计划如此重要”。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据文章Step 4“Tell a friend about your plan. You may need his help when you can’t follow it.”可知，需要朋友帮我们坚持计划。故选D。 19．主旨大意题。根据文章结尾“Once you make a plan for your goal and try your best to follow it, you will hardly fail.”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了建议人们制定计划。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据文章划线句“A goal without a plan is just a wish.”可知，目标需要计划才能实现。故选C。 题型2 阅读理解题之阅读还原 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage1 Do you make a resolution on New Year’s Day? How to make a good resolution? 1 ★Plan for the resolution. It is not enough to have a goal. You need to think out some right steps for the resolution. So make your plan. 2 And it’ll also tell you how to make the goal come true at last. Making a plan is very important. ★ 3 If you make your plan later, you may forget your resolution gradually (逐渐地). It’s important that you start making your plan right now. ★ 4 You should write your resolution and plan in some places, such as a notebook or your diary. ★Think “year around”, not just New Year’s. You can’t finish anything in one day. You make a resolution in one day. 5 It may need a hundred small steps. New Year’s resolution should be a starting point. You must keep a habit for making your resolution come true gradually. A．How do we make a plan? B．Make your plan right now. C．Maybe the advice can help you. D．Write down your resolution and plan. E．A good plan will tell you what to do next. F．It doesn’t mean you must finish it in one day. G．It’s important to make resolutions for people. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．F 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何制定一个好的新年决心的一些建议。 1．根据“How to make a good resolution?”以及后文给出的制定新年决心的一些建议，可知此处应是引出这些建议，选项C“也许这些建议能帮助你。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“It is not enough to have a goal. You need to think out some right steps for the resolution. So make your plan.”以及“And it’ll also tell you how to make the goal come true at last.”可知，此处应是说一个好的计划的作用，选项E“一个好的计划会告诉你接下来做什么。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“If you make your plan later, you may forget your resolution gradually (逐渐地). It’s important that you start making your plan right now.”可知，此处应是说要立刻制定计划，选项B“立刻制定你的计划。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“You should write your resolution and plan in some places, such as a notebook or your diary.”可知，此处应是说要把决心和计划写下来，选项D“写下你的决心和计划。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“You can’t finish anything in one day. You make a resolution in one day.”以及“It may need a hundred small steps.”可知，此处应是说制定决心不意味着要在一天内完成，选项F“这并不意味着你必须一天内完成它。”符合语境。故选F。 Passage2 You may know different kinds of fruit salad, however, have you ever had chicken salad? I think my family has the best recipe to make chicken salad. 6 First, buy some ingredients like chicken, tomatoes, green olives (橄榄), onions, fruit jam (果酱), juice and apples. 7 8 It’s easy to make the relish (调味酱), you just need to mix the jam, the juice and the salt together. Then, cut the chicken into thin pieces and cut up the tomatoes, onions and apples. Next, put the chicken, tomatoes, onions and apple pieces in a large bowl and mix them up. 9 Because they give the salad an interesting taste. Finally, mix the relish with the salad ingredients and eat it. 10 If you have, please tell us about it. You can write to us at 34258179@ qq.com. A．If you like lettuce, you can also buy some. B．Chicken salad is really delicious! C．Now let me tell you how my family makes the salad. D．You can also put some green olives in it. E．I want to learn how to make the chicken salad. F．Next, make the relish. G．Do you have a favourite chicken salad recipe? 【答案】6．C 7．A 8．F 9．D 10．G 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了作者家制作鸡肉沙拉的具体食谱和步骤。 6．根据“I think my family has the best recipe to make chicken salad.”及下文内容可知，接下来作者将告诉我们他家是如何做鸡肉沙拉的。C选项“现在让我告诉你们我家是如何做沙拉的。”符合语境。故选C。 7．根据“First, buy some ingredients like chicken, tomatoes, green olives, onions, fruit jam, juice and apples.”可知，第一步是准备沙拉的原料，A选项“如果你喜欢生菜，你也可以买一些。”符合语境。故选A。 8．根据“It’s easy to make the relish”可知，此处介绍如何调酱汁。F选项“接下来，制作酱汁。”符合语境。故选F。 9．根据“Because they give the salad an interesting taste.”并结合选项可知，橄榄会给沙拉增添特别的味道。D选项“你也可以在里面放一些绿橄榄。”符合语境。故选D。 10．根据“If you have, please tell us about it.”可知，此处问读者是否有美味的沙拉食谱可以分享。G选项“你有最喜欢的鸡肉沙拉食谱吗？”符合语境。故选G。 Passage3 Think about a world without insects. It might sound nice at first. There would be no flies in your room. 11 The number of insects is becoming less and less, according to British biologist Dave Goulson. “In the 27 years from 1989 to 2016, the number of insects fell by 75 percent,” Dave Goulson, a British biologist, wrote. 12 They are bad for the places that insects live in. What would happen without insects? 13 But the results would be far-reaching (深远的). We need insects to pollinate crops. They also break down dead plants and animals and turn them into new useful things. We need them to keep the soil healthy and do much more. 14 They would go hungry and die. The ecosystem would be off balance (失去平衡). “The first step to stop this is to let more people understand the values of the natural world,” Goulson said. “ 15 We should teach kids to care for nature early.” A．Why did the number of insects fall? B．It’s almost impossible (不可能的) to give an answer. C．But in fact, this could be really bad news. D．The best place to start is with our children. E．Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat. F．Everyone should play a part in nature. G．Scientists say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides (农药)。 【答案】11．C 12．G 13．B 14．E 15．D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了昆虫数量锐减的主因是农药使用，阐述了昆虫对生态系统的关键作用，最后呼吁从让人们认知自然价值、从教育孩子开始保护昆虫与自然。 11．根据“It might sound nice at first. There would be no flies in your room.”可知，此处说最开始可能很好，可推知后面会发生变化。选项C“但事实上，这可能是一个坏消息。”符合语境。故选C。 12．根据“They are bad for the places that insects live in.”可知，此处是解释昆虫减少的原因，选项G“科学家说，主要原因是农药的使用。”符合语境。故选G。 13．根据“What would happen without insects?”可知，此处是对“没有昆虫后会发生什么”这一问题做出回答。选项B“给出一个确切的答案几乎是不可能的。”符合语境，故选B。 14．根据“They would go hungry and die.”可知，此处是描述没有昆虫后对其他动物造成的影响。选项E“没有昆虫，许多动物将没有东西可以吃。”符合语境。故选E。 15．根据“We should teach kids to care for nature early.”可知，此处是指环境保护应该从小做起。选项D“最好的起点是我们的孩子。”符合语境。故选D。 Passage4 Do you have true friends? Do you want to know better between you and your friends? 16 They are “pest friends” “guest friends” and “best friends”. The first kind of friends is simply an acquaintance (熟人). All you usually know about them is their names. You may meet this kind of friends at school, at work, or on the bus, but you don’t miss them when they're not around. 17 That is why they are called “pest friends”. The second kind of friends could also be called “social partners”. 18 You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories. You usually have a few things in common, but you don't talk about anything deep, such as your wishes or fears, and they don't open up to you how they really feel. The last kind of friends, the “best friends”, is the one you know the deepest. 19 You have no problem staying at each other’s houses, and you share your deepest feelings and thoughts. They will correct you when you're wrong. Sometimes they may not be perfect, but at least they will always care about you, and never do anything on purpose (故意) to hurt you. 20 We should value (重视) all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances. A．You have to keep secrets to yourself. B．There are three different kinds of friends. C．They will help you with your life problems. D．We all have our pest, guest and best friends. E．You’re like family, and know everything about each other. F．When this kind of friends does something bad, you don't tell them. G．They are closer than acquaintances, but not as close as true friends. 【答案】16．B 17．F 18．G 19．E 20．D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同类型的朋友。 16．根据后文“They are ‘pest friends’ ‘guest friends’ and ‘best friends’.”可知，此处与“三种不同类型的朋友有关”，B选项“有三种不同类型的朋友。”符合语境。故选B。 17．根据后文“That is why they are called ‘pest friends’.”可知，此处与“害虫朋友”有关，F选项“这种朋友做坏事的时候，你不告诉他们。”符合语境。故选F。 18． 根据前文“The second kind of friends could also be called ‘social partners’.”和后文“You know their names, a little of what they like or dislike, and a little of their family histories.”可知，此处与“社交朋友”有关，G选项“他们比熟人更亲密，但没有真正的朋友亲密。”符合语境。故选G。 19．根据前文“The last kind of friends, the ‘best friend’, is the one you know the deepest.”可知，此处应该表达对最好的朋友的了解，E选项“你们就像家人一样，知道彼此的一切。”符合语境。故选E。 20． 根据后文“We should value (重视) all friendships and remember, all best friends start out as just acquaintances.”可知，此处应该是对前文提到的三种不同类型的朋友进行总结，D选项“我们都有自己的害虫、客人和最好的朋友。”符合语境。故选D。 题型3 阅读理解题之任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。 Passage 1 Everyone needs friends. How do you have real friendship and keep it? Writer Sally Seaman tells young students some smart ways to find friends. Sally says finding friendship is just like planting a tree. You plant the seed (种子) and take care of it to make it grow. What makes a good friend? It’s not because he or she has money or good looks. A good friend should be kind and patient (有耐心的). For example, if you are in a bad mood (情绪), a good friend should listen to you and do his or her best to help you. But things can’t always be happy. Even the best friends have fights. What should you do when you have a fight with your friend? You’d better talk to him or her. There are three steps to be friends again: say sorry to him or her; tell him or her how you are feeling; tell him or her why you did this or that. Remember that friendship is much more important than some other things in your life. 根据语篇内容，回答问题。 1．What does Sally want to tell students? (不超过2个词) 2．What does Sally compare “finding friendship” to ? (compare...to把……比作) 3．What should a good friend be like according to the text? (不超过3个词) 4．What can we do to be friends again after conflict (矛盾)? (列出一条就可以) 5．翻译划线句子。 【答案】1．Find friends. 2．Planting a tree. 3．Kind and patient. 4．Say sorry to him or her./Tell him or her how you are feeling./Tell him or her why you did this or that. (答案不唯一，列出一条即可) 5．记住，友谊比你生命中其他一些事情重要得多。 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了作家Sally Seaman给年轻人提出的交友建议，包括如何找到朋友、朋友应具备的品质以及发生矛盾后如何和好。 1．第二段提到Sally告诉学生一些聪明的交友方法“tells young students some smart ways to find friends”，结合标题及首段问题，可知她主要想告诉学生如何找到朋友，因此答案是“Find friends”。 2．第二段提到Sally将寻找友谊比作种树“finding friendship is just like planting a tree”，答案是原文直接信息。 3．第三段提到好朋友应该善良且有耐心“A good friend should be kind and patient”，答案是原文直接信息。 4．第四段给出了和好的三个步骤，列出其中一条即可，答案是原文直接信息。 5．Remember that friendship is much more important than some other things in your life. 译为“记住，友谊比你生命中其他一些事情重要得多。”本句是祈使句，Remember后接that引导的宾语从句；从句用主系表结构，friendship作主语，is作系动词，much more important作表语，其中much修饰比较级表示程度；than引出比较对象；介词短语in your life表示“在你的生命中”。 Passage 2 How much do you know about cheetahs? The cheetah is a truly special animal as the world’s fastest land animal. A cheetah can go from zero to 60 miles an hour in only three seconds. Most cheetahs live in Africa. In the past 100 years, the number of cheetahs living in the wild has dropped from 100,000 to fewer than 7,000. They are in danger of dying out because they have few places to live and people hunt them. Can we help cheetahs in danger? Wildlife scientists hope so. They are trying to protect cheetahs by letting people know about their situation and thinking up some useful ways to keep them safe. Good news for cheetahs at the Saint Louis Zoo! Eight baby cheetahs that were born there are growing up well. “The babies do well,” the zoo’s worker, Steve, said. “They are very active and healthy. They like playing with each other or with their mum.” By raising baby cheetahs, the zoo is working to save cheetahs from dying out. The zoo is also helping protect cheetahs in the wild. “We want children to know that cheetahs are in danger,” said Steve. “It is important to protect their living space.” 6．What is the cheetah famous as? 不超过9个字 7．Why are cheetahs in danger now? 不超过11个字 8．What do the eight baby cheetahs at the Saint Louis Zoo like doing? 不超过10个字 9．How do wildlife scientists help to protect cheetahs according to the text? (写出一个答案即可) 10．翻译划线句子 【答案】6．It’s famous as the world’s fastest land animal. 7．Because they have few living places and people hunt them. 8．They like playing with each other or with their mum. 9．They let people know about cheetahs’ situation. 10．一只猎豹能在短短三秒内从静止加速到每小时60英里。 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了猎豹是世界上跑得最快的陆地动物，目前濒临灭绝，科学家和动物园正在采取措施保护它们。 6．第一段第二句直接提到：“The cheetah is a truly special animal as the world’s fastest land animal.”，题目要求不超过9个字，直接提取核心信息。 7．第二段第二句给出原因：“They are in danger of dying out because they have few places to live and people hunt them.”，题目要求不超过11个字，直接摘抄。 8．第四段中：“They like playing with each other or with their mum.”，题目要求不超过10个字，精简作答。 9．第三段提到：“They are trying to protect cheetahs by letting people know about their situation…”，写出其中一个方法即可。 10．“A cheetah can go from zero to 60 miles an hour in only three seconds.”译为“一只猎豹能在短短三秒内从静止加速到每小时60英里”。“cheetah”译为“猎豹”。“from zero to”在描述速度时，汉语习惯说“从静止加速到……”，比直译“从零到”更自然。“60 miles an hour”译为“每小时60英里”；“in only three seconds”译为“在短短三秒内”。“in...”表示时间范围，译为“在……内”。“only”译为“短短”，修饰时间，突出速度之快，增强表达效果。 Passage 3 Do potatoes play a small role on your dinner table? If so, let’s have a big change! Potatoes have become China’s fourth staple food (主食) after rice, wheat and corn. 12 Using potatoes as a staple can make our diets healthier and more balanced. They are good for us in many ways. Potatoes are nutritious (有营养的). They are rich in vitamin C． A potato’s vitamin C is as rich as 10 apples. Potatoes are also low in calories—they have just 75 percent of the amount of calories that wheat and corn have. Also, potatoes are easy to grow. People can grow them in almost every part of China. Potatoes don’t need much water to grow. China is facing water shortage problems, so potatoes are a good choice. 13 Many Chinese people think potatoes are only vegetables. They cook potatoes along with other ingredients (材料). But as a staple, potatoes can be cooked differently. Scientists have found ways to make potato flour, noodles and other staple foods, just like how we use rice or wheat. 11．What does the underlined phrase “a big change” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Let potatoes play a smaller role on the dinner table. B．Eat potatoes more often than before. C．Stop including potatoes in daily diets. D．Grow some new kinds of potatoes. 12．把划线句子翻译成汉语。 13．把划线句子翻译成汉语。 14．What is the main idea (主旨大意) of Paragraph 4 ? 15．What have scientists tried to do? 【答案】11．B 12．把土豆作为主食可以让我们的饮食更健康、更均衡。 13．很多中国人认为土豆只是蔬菜。 14．Potatoes are easy to grow and are a good choice in China. 15．They have tried to use potatoes to create staple foods like flour and noodles. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了土豆作为中国第四大主食的优势，包括营养价值高、易于种植以及多样的烹饪方式。 11．第一段提到：“Do potatoes play a small role on your dinner table? If so, let’s have a big change!”，结合下文介绍土豆作为主食的好处，可知“a big change”指改变土豆在餐桌上的次要地位，即“比以前更常吃土豆”。 12．“Using potatoes as a staple can make our diets healthier and more balanced”译为“把土豆作为主食可以让我们的饮食更健康、更均衡。”动名词短语Using potatoes as a staple作主语；can make表示“可以让”，后接“宾语+宾补”结构，形容词比较级healthier and more balanced作宾补；our diets“我们的饮食”。 13．“Many Chinese people think potatoes are only vegetables”译为“很多中国人认为土豆只是蔬菜。”主句用Many Chinese people think表示“很多中国人认为”，后接宾语从句potatoes are only vegetables，从句用一般现在时表示客观看法。 14．第四段主要介绍了土豆易于种植的特点，以及在中国水资源短缺的情况下，土豆是很好的选择，因此答案是概括段落主旨。 15．第五段提到科学家已经找到用土豆制作面粉、面条等主食的方法，答案是原文直接信息。 Passage 4 I’m Tom. The new year is coming. It is a good time to think about new plans. This year, I will make resolutions as follows. First, I am going to study better. I am not good at English now. So I am going to read more English books and speak English with my friends every week. I hope to get better grades. Second, I want to be healthier. I am going to eat more fruit and vegetables. Also, I am going to play basketball three times a week. I think exercise is important. Third, I am going to learn something new. My resolution is to learn how to cook. My parents are always busy, and I want to help them. I am going to learn to make easy dishes first. It is not always easy to keep resolutions, but I am going to try my best. I will put my plan on my wall. I think with a good plan and hard work, I can make it! 16．How many resolutions does Tom make? 17．Is Tom going to speak English with his friends to study English better? 18．What sport is Tom going to play? 19．Why does Tom want to learn to cook? 20．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】16．Tom makes 3/three resolutions. 17．Yes, he is./Yes. 18．He is going to play basketball. 19．His parents are always busy, and he wants to help them. 20．坚持决心并不总是容易的，但我会尽力而为。 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述Tom制定了三个新年决心：学好英语、保持健康、学习做饭，他表示会尽力坚持计划。 16．根据“First”，“Second”，“Third”可知，Tom制定了三个新年决心。故填Tom makes 3/three resolutions. 17．根据第二段“I am not good at English now. So I...speak English with my friends every week. I hope to get better grades.”可知，Tom打算通过和朋友交流来更好地学习英语。故填Yes, he is./Yes. 18．根据第三段“Also, I am going to play basketball three times a week.”可知，Tom将要去打篮球。故填He is going to play basketball. 19．根据第四段“My resolution is to learn how to cook. My parents are always busy, and I want to help them.”可知，Tom想要学习做饭的原因是，他的父母总是很忙，他想要帮助他们。故填His parents are always busy, and he wants to help them. 20．to keep resolutions“坚持决心”，is not always easy“并不总是”；easy“容易的”； But“但是”；I “我”；am going to“(将)会”；try my best“尽力而为”。故填：坚持决心并不总是容易的，但我会尽力而为。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 阅读理解3大常考题型 题型1 阅读理解题之单项选择 Passage1 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．C Passage2 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．A Passage3 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．B Passage4 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．C 题型2 阅读理解题之阅读还原 Passage1 1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．F Passage2 6．C 7．A 8．F 9．D 10．G Passage3 11．C 12．G 13．B 14．E 15．D Passage4 16．B 17．F 18．G 19．E 20．D 题型3 阅读理解题之任务型阅读 Passage1 1．Find friends. 2．Planting a tree. 3．Kind and patient. 4．Say sorry to him or her./Tell him or her how you are feeling./Tell him or her why you did this or that. (答案不唯一，列出一条即可) 5．记住，友谊比你生命中其他一些事情重要得多。 Passage2 6．It’s famous as the world’s fastest land animal. 7．Because they have few living places and people hunt them. 8．They like playing with each other or with their mum. 9．They let people know about cheetahs’ situation. 10．一只猎豹能在短短三秒内从静止加速到每小时60英里。 Passage3 11．B 12．把土豆作为主食可以让我们的饮食更健康、更均衡。 13．很多中国人认为土豆只是蔬菜。 14．Potatoes are easy to grow and are a good choice in China. 15．They have tried to use potatoes to create staple foods like flour and noodles. Passage4 16．Tom makes 3/three resolutions. 17．Yes, he is./Yes. 18．He is going to play basketball. 19．His parents are always busy, and he wants to help them. 20．坚持决心并不总是容易的，但我会尽力而为。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $