专题06 代词、数词和介词（复习讲义）（广东专用）2026年中考英语二轮复习讲练测

专题06 代词、数词和介词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 代词的用法 考点二 数词的用法 考点三 介词的用法 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 从近5年广东中考命题形式上看，代词、数词和介词的考查主要出现在语法选择和短文填词中。 热考角度 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 人称代词 语法选择 5年1考 2021年（1分）：主格it 短文填空 5年4考 ①2024年（1.5分）：宾格them ②2023年（1.5分）：宾格it ③2022年（1.5分）：宾格it ④2021年（1.5分）：宾格him 物主代词 语法选择 5年3考 ①2025年（1分）：形容词性物主代词her ②2023年（1分）：形容词性物主代词his ③2022年（1分）：形容词性物主代词her 不定代词 短文填空 5年1考 2025年（1.5分）：复合不定代词something 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 基数词 语法选择 5年1考 2024年（1分）：one hour’s bus ride 短文填空 5年1考 2023年（1分）：hundreds of 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 时间介词 短文填空 5年1考 2021年（1.5分）：for 33 years 方位介词 语法选择 5年3考 ①2023年（1分）：in space ②2022年（1分）：in a village ③2021年（1分）：between two mountains 短文填空 5年3考 ①2025年（1.5分）：along the river ②2024年（1.5分）：among bikers ③2022年（1.5分）：in Asian countries 方式介词 语法选择 5年1考 2025年（1分）：with a small knife 命题预测 1.人称代词的主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和不定代词是广东中考的常考点。 2. 数词在近几年的广东中考中考频较低，但是考生还是需要掌握数词的核心用法，避免失分，另外考生还需要注意数词在听力中的考查。 3. 介词是必考点，主要考查介词的用法和常见搭配，其中，方位介词预估继续是高频考点。另外，阅读和写作中也会涉及各种常见的介词短语，考生要注重加强积累。 考点一 代词的用法 1.（2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择） I put on the rock and swam back in. A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 2．（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create own dishes. A．her B．hers C．herself 3.（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）For him, city development is not about building new, but about making use of what’s already there in a creative way. 4.（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of is bike riding, or biking. 5．（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）At the age of seven, David had first astronaut (宇航员) training experience. A．he B．him C．his 6．（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put in the bathroom. 核心一、人称代词 人称代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 　 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 我 我们 你 你们 他 她 它 他们 主格 I　 we　 you　 you　 he　 she　 　it they　 宾格 me　 us　 you　 you　 him　 her　 it　 them　 1、主格作主语，用在谓语动词前。 如：She likes Beijing opera very much. 她非常喜欢京剧。 2、宾格作宾语，用在谓语动词或介词后。 如：That’ll make him happy. 那会令他高兴。 3、宾格也作表语，用在系动词后。 如：Oh，it’s you. 哦，是你啊。 巧学妙记: 人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫用错。主格句中作主语，宾格句中作宾表。句首、动前用主格，动介词后宾格。you和it主宾同，其他主宾要分清。 it的特殊用法 （1）指代上文提到过的事物。 如： The apple is delicious. I like it. 苹果很美味，我喜欢。 （2）指代婴儿或不知身份、性别的人。 如：The baby is crying. Maybe it is hungry.宝宝在哭。也许他饿了。 （3）指代天气、时间、距离、季节等。 如：It’s cold today, you’d better wear more clothes．今天天气冷，你最好多穿衣服。 （4）作形式主语，常用于以下句型： ①It’s＋adj.＋（of sb.＋）to do sth. （某人）做某事是......的。 ②It’ s + adj + (for sb.+ ) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是......的。 ③It’s time to do/for...是（做）......的时候了。 ④It takes（sb.）＋一段时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了（某人）多长时间。 ⑤It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。 ⑥It seems that...好像/似乎...... ⑦It’s said/believed that... 据说/人们认为...... ⑧It’s（well）worth doing sth. 做某事是（很）值得的。 ⑨It’s no use doing sth. 做某事没用。 （5）作形式宾语，代替动词不定式（短语）或从句等，常用于“find/think/make/feel＋it＋adj/n . to do sth./that从句”结构中。 如：She thinks it（形式宾语）useful to exercise（真正的宾语）.她认为锻炼有益。 核心二、物主代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 　 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 我的 我们的 你的 你们的 他的 她的 它的 他们的 形容词性物主代词 my　 our　 your　 your　 his　 her　 its　 their　 名词性 物主代词 mine　 ours　 yours　 yours　 his　 hers　 its　 theirs　 一、形容词性物主代词 （1）相当于形容词，用于名词前作定语，不能单独使用。 （2）表示强调时，可与own连用，表示某人自己的”。 二、名词性物主代词 相当于名词，可以理解为“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，其后不能接名词，可作主语、宾语和表语。 如：The future is yours. (yours =your future) 未来是你们的。 巧学妙记： 形容词性作定语，身后要把名词加。物主代词名词性，相当名词可单用，身后没有名词影。两种代词形不同，添个“s”形变名。his，its不用变，my变mine要记清。 核心三、反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 　 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 反身代词 我自己 我们自己 你自己 你们自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 他们自己 myself　 ourselves　 yourself　 yourselves　 himself　 herself　 itself　 themselves　 1、作宾语 如：I can take care of myself. 我能照顾好我自己。 2、作表语 如：He needs space to be himself. 他需要空间来做自己。 3、作同位语 如：You should ask the teacher herself. 你应该问老师本人。 3、常用固定短语搭配 help oneself（to）随意吃/喝 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 teach oneself＝learn by oneself 自学 make oneself at home 别拘束 keep sth. to oneself 保守秘密 by oneself 独自 come to oneself 恢复意识 think to oneself心里想；暗自思忖 look after/take care of oneself 照顾自己 say to oneself 自言自语 lose oneself in 专心于；沉迷于 dress oneself 自己穿衣 注意: 反身代词必须要与被指代的人或物在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人或某物自己”。 如：They can look after themselves.他们能照顾自己。 核心四、指示代词 单数 复数 含义 this 这个 these这此 指较近的人或物 that那个 those那些 指较远的人或物 1、可作主语、宾语、表语。 2、打电话时，常用this指代自己，that指代对方。 3、为了避免重复，常用that和those指代上文提到过的人或物，且常于比较级。that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，those指代可数词复数。 如： ①The weather in Guangzhou is much better than that in Beijing recently. 最近，广州的天气比北京（的天气）好得多。( that= the weather ) ②I like these books better than those. 我喜欢这些书胜过那些（书）。 核心五、疑问代词 who 谁(主格) whom 谁(宾格) whose 谁的(所有格) what 什么(人、物) which 哪一个、哪些(人、物) 核心六、不定代词 一、常见的不定代词 （1）some/any 意义 辨析 用 法 一些 some ① 用于肯定句中，意为“一些人/事”，指代复数名词或不可数名词 ② 用于疑问句中，表示请求、建议或期望得到肯定回答 any ① 多用于否定句、疑问句中，意为“任何数量；任何一些”，指代复数名词或不可数名词 ② 用于肯定句中，表示“任一” （2）many/much 意义 辨析 用 法 许多 many 可作主语、 宾语和定语 代替或修饰可数名词复数 much 代替或修饰不可数名词 （3）a few， few，a little，little 意义 辨析 用 法 一些/很少 a few 代替或修饰可数名词复数 表示“一些；有点儿”，表示肯定概念 few 表示“几乎没有”，表示否定概念 a little 代替或修饰不可数名词 表示“一些；有点儿”，表示肯定概念 little 表示“几乎没有”，表示否定概念 （4）all，both，none，either，neither 意义 作主语时谓语动词的数 例句 both 两者都 复数 Both of us are interested in the film. either 两者中的任何一个 单数 Does either of you know Mr Li? neither 两者都不 单数 Neither of them is right. all 三者（或以上）都 复数 All of us are looking forward to the holiday. any 三者（或以上）中的任何一个 单数 You can read any of these books. none 三者（或以上）都不 单数/复数 None of the workers wants/want to work on weekends. （5）other，the other，others，the others，another 用法 例句 other 某一个，另一些，其他的。不能单独使用，后面要跟单数名词或复数名词，泛指别的 Where are his other books? others 其他。必须单独使用，泛指别人或别的东西，常用于＂some... others＂结构 Some are red, and others are black. the other 两个中的另一个，剩下的一个。特指，常用于＂one... the other...＂结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. the others 其他全部，其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个)，可单独用，也可接单数名词或名词复数，表示＂另几个，再几个＂ You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 二、复合不定代词 类别 some- any- no- every- 人 somebody（某人） anybody（任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每人） someone（某人） anyone（任何人） no one（没有人 everyone（每人） 物 something（某事/物） anything（任何事/物） nothing （没有什么） everything （每件事/物） 复合不定代词的用法 ①复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 如：Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis．没有什么比打网球更令人愉快了。 ②当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后。 如：Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. 学习是一场终身旅程，因每天都会带来一些新的东西。 ③everyone/everybody只能指人；every one 既可指人也可指物，还可与of连用。 如：Everyone/Everybody/Every one should play a part in saving the earth. 每个人都应该为拯救圮发挥作用。 I bought a dozen eggs and every one of them was bad. 我买了一打鸡蛋，个个都是坏的。 一、单项选择 1．Only Tom was selected for the national team, while ________ remained in the club. A．other B．another C．others D．the others 2．Look at ________ beautiful flowers! They are from Yunnan. A．this B．these C．that D．those 3．She is gifted in languages. She learns Spanish by ________. A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself 4．My parents and I ________ interested in films. ________ often go to the cinema together. A．are; They B．am; We C．are; We D．am; They 5．My brother and I like playing Ping-Pong. ________ play together on Saturdays. A．He B．They C．We D．I 6．All of the guests showed up at the party,and the host welcomed ________ warmly. A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 7．My sister loves drawing, so I want to buy ________ some colored pencils. A．it B．her C．him D．them 8．— ________ is this basketball? — Perhaps it’s our English teacher’s. He likes sports. A．Whose B．Where C．How D．Which 9．—________ notebook is this on the chair? —It must be Kelly’s. Her name is on the cover. A．Whose B．Who C．Whom D．Which 10．—When shall we meet, this Saturday or Sunday? —________ is OK. I’m free these days. A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither 11．—Is there ________ in the chemistry lab now? —No, all the students have gone to the playground. A．anybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody 12．My grandpa knows ________ about how AI works. It’s just like magic to him. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 13．I tried hard to remember the password, but I could think of ________. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 14．The students who do best in examinations are not always ________ with the best brains. A．one B．it C．those D．that 15．The kids made beautiful art pieces all by ________ in DIY class. Their parents were surprised by their creativity. A．myself B．themselves C．himself D．ourselves 16．I left my dictionary at home and Jenny shared ________ with me in class. A．her B．she C．hers D．herself 17．—Is this your pencil box? —No, ________ is blue. It may be Simon’s. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 18．In ________ opinion, travelling alone can be a great way to gain self-confidence. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 19．—It’s raining outside. I forgot to bring ________ umbrella. —Simon has a spare one. You can use ________. A．my; him B．me; his C．I; he D．my; his 20．It’s nice ________ me out when I’m in trouble. A．for you to help B．of you to help C．for you helping D．of you helping 21．Bill thought _________ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas. A．this B．that C．it is D．it 22．________ is important ________ us to master a new technology. A．It; of B．It; for C．That; of D．That; for 23．I can’t find my ticket. I think I have lost _________. A．it B．one C．this D．them 24．—Listen! Who is knocking _________ the door? —I think _________ may be Lisa. A．in; she B．in; it C．at; she D．at; it 25．I’ve read one comic strip. I’ll read ________ one before class. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 26．Sarah is a shy girl. She has ________ friends at school and often stays alone. A．few B．little C．a few D．a little 27．The population of Yakeshi is smaller than _______ of Hailaer. A．it B．one C．that D．those 28．—Excuse me, do you have this book for sale? —Not yet. But you can check out ________ similar books over there. A．this B．that C．these D．those 29．It’s time for _______ to go to the Palace Museum. A．you, Jane and I B．you, Jane and me C．Jane, you and me D．I, you and Jane 30．________ girl, with ________ knowledge, she has the desire to explore the world and learn anything she decides to. A．Such a little; such little B．Such a little; so little C．So little a; such little D．So little; so little 二、单词拼写 1．We should learn to solve problems by ________ (our). 2．This blue schoolbag is mine and that pink one is ________ (her). 3．That computer belongs to ________. (she) 4．He finished the work by ________ (he). 5．Lucy introduced ________ before the welcome party. (she) 6．—Do you know that Kate seems unhappy today? —Yes. It was Kate ____________ (she) who told me that she was unhappy. 7．Children should learn to do their homework by ________ (they). 8．My parents are showing a friend of ________ (they) around our community. 9．Pardon ________ (I), could I get through? 10．Jane and Jack’s father teaches ________ (they) a lot about life. 11．There isn’t ________ (some) milk in the fridge now. Why not buy some online? 12．B________ of my parents are workers. 13．It’s time to say goodbye, but ________ (not any) of them wants to leave. 14．It’s a good idea. But I can’t remember w________ it was, Joan’s or Lily’s. 15．When you meet difficulties, don’t keep them to ________, children! (you) 16．Li Bai is a famous poet in China. Many people around the world know about ________. (he) 17．I looked for it everywhere, but I found __________ in the end. 18．The old expert is well-known in the field of robotics and is respected by ________. (every) 19．—I am afraid there is _________ wrong with my washing machine. Can you help me repair it? —Let me have a check. 20．He has written many books, but ________ of them are good. (少) 21．There is ________ ________ (没有新东西) in today’s newspaper. 22．You can park on ________ (两者中任一) side of the street. 考点二 数词 1.（2024·广东省深圳市·中考真题·选词填空） Recently, he and his team won the Shanghai International Students Dragon Boat Race. It was the team’s (six) win in a row and his second time winning the first prize. 2．（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·选词填空）Imagine that you travel back to (hundred) of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? 核心一、基数词 表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。 一、基数词的写法和读法 0 zero 10 ten 20 twenty 1 one 11 eleven 30 thirty 100 one hundred 2 two 12 twelve 40 forty 1,000 one thousand 3 three 13 thirteen 50 fifty 1,000,000 one million 4 four 14 fourteen 60 sixty 10,000,000 ten million 5 five 15 fifteen 70 seventy 100,000,000 one hundred million 6 six 16 sixteen 80 eighty 1,000,000,000 one billion 7 seven 17 seventeen 90 ninety 1,000,000,000,000 one trillion 8 eight 18 eighteen 9 nine 19 nineteen 注意： 1．特别关注 thirteen，fifteen，twenty，thirty，forty和fifty的拼写。 2．表示具体数目的hundred，thousand，million等均不用复数。如five hundred students。 3．百位数和十位数之间通常加连词and；十位数与个位数之间要加连字符。 二、基数词的基本用法 1、放在1以上的可数名词前，名词要用复数形式。 2、“基数词＋名词（＋形容词）”放在名词前。 注意：基数词＋名词（＋形容词），各词之间须用连字符“-”连接，各词只能用单数。 三、基数词用于时刻（介词用at） 1、表示整点：数词+o’clock 2、表示非整点： ①顺读法： 小时+分钟 ②逆读法：分钟+past/to+小时 1）分钟≤30用past，表示“几点过几分” 如：6:15 读a quarter past six 2）分钟>30用to，表示“差几分到几点” 如：7:40 读 twenty to eight 3）半小时用half；一刻钟用quarter或 fifteen 如：8:30 读 half past eight 注意：一个半小时 one hour and a half = one and a half hour 一天半 one day and a half = one and a half day 四、基数词用于年、月、日 1、在某年，in＋年 如： in 2017 2、在某月，in＋月 如：in July 3、 在某年某月，in＋月＋逗号＋年 如： in August,2017 4、在某年某月某日， on＋月＋日＋逗号＋年 如：on August 2/2 nd, 2017 on＋日＋月＋逗号＋年 如：on 2/2 nd August,2017 五、基数词用于年代、世纪 1、表示“几十年代”，in＋the＋逢十的基数词的复数 如： in the 19th century, in the 1890s 注意：年代前用the，世纪翻译成中文要比年份多1。如in the 1890s意思为 19世纪90年代。 六、基数词用于编号 1、事物名词（不加冠词）＋基数词 （须大写每个单词的首字母） 如：Lesson One,Part Three,Channel Five 2、定冠词＋序数词＋事物名词 （除专用名词外，无须大写每个单词的首字母） 如：the first lesson, the third part, the fifth channel, the fourth 七、基数词的其他用法 1、in＋one＇s＋逢十基数词的复数，表示“几十岁，几十多” 如：in his fifties 2、表示表达“成百上千”“成千上万”等大概数目 如：hundreds of, thousands of, millions of 3、数词与其他词构成复合形容词时，其中的名词要用单数 如：an eight-month-old baby 4、表示时间、距离，用“基数词＋名词所有格”结构作定语。 如：five minutes’ walk 步行五分钟的路程； 5、表示倍数或次数 一倍/次用once，两倍／次用twice，三倍／次及以上用“基数词＋times”。 如：The room is three times the size of that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。 6、表示数量在原有基础上增加：one＋more＋可数名词单数＝another＋可数名词单数 如：one more apple＝another apple 又一个苹果 two more hours =another two hours 再多两个小时 核心二、序数词 表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词 序数词 用法 例子 1-3 无规律 first, second, third 4-19 基数词后加-th fourth, fifth, sixth,eighth, ninth, twelfth, thirteenth... 整十序数词 将y 改为ie+th twentieth, thirtieth... 整百序数词 基数词后加-th hundredth 多位数序数词 个位变成序数词 twenty-first, three hundred and third 一、序数词和冠词 1、当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，序数词前不用the。 2、表示分数时，序数词前不用the。 3、表示“又一，再一”时，序数词前加不定冠词。 4、表示“年、月、日”时，朗读时，序数词前加the，书写时，不用the。 5、序数词在句中作状语时，序数词前不用the。 6、表示考试、赛跑等获得的名次时，序数词前不用the。 二、分数、小数和百分比的表达 1、分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母须用复数形式。 如：one fourth, two thirds 2、小数点读作“point”，小数点后须各读各的。 如：15.07 fifteen point zero seven 3、先读基数词，再读百分号。 如：5% five percent 注：分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。 一、单项选择 1．________ people visit the Great Wall every year. It’s one of China’s most popular places. A．Thousand of B．Two thousands C．Thousands of D．Two thousands of 2．On her ________ birthday, Alice got a beautiful doll from her friend. A．twelve B．twelfth C．nineth D．nine 3．—What do you think of the environment here? —Wonderful! ________ of the land ________ covered with trees and grass. A．Two fifths, are B．Two fifth, is C．Two fifths, is D．Second five, are 4．China held a commemoration to celebrate the ________ anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War on September 3rd, 2025. A．eighth B．eighteenth C．eightieth D．eightyth 5．Tomorrow we are going to learn ________. A．Lesson Second B．Two Lesson C．Lesson Two D．Second Lesson 6．Mr. Wang, our coach, is still a strong man ________ his early fifties. A．in B．for C．on D．at 7．My uncle joined the Party __________. And he’s ______now. A．in 1970s; in his forties B．in the 1970s; in his fortieth C．in the 1970s; in his forties D．in 1970; in his fourties 8．Please turn to page ________ and look at the ________ picture. A．twentieth; third B．twentieth; three C．twenty; third D．twenty; three 9．I am the ________ child of the family. My ________ younger sisters were much younger than me. A．one; two B．first; two C．one; second D．first; second 10．My father bought me a new bike on my ________ birthday. A．nine B．ninth C．the ninth D．nineth 11．—Which room shall we live in tonight?    —In ________. A．the Room 406 B．Room 406 C．the 406 Room D．406 Room 12．Cindy can speak _________ two languages besides English. A．the other B．others C．else D．another 13．Almost ______of the students in this class, that is, __________of them wear glasses. A．two thirds, 60 percents B．two thirds, 60 percent C．two third, 60 percent D．two third, 60 percents 14．The tree is __________ tall. A．three foot B．three-foot C．three feet D．three-feet 15．The teaching building in our university is about ________high. A．fifty-five metre B．fifty-five metres C．fifty-five-metre D．fifty five metres 二、单词拼写 1．Mr. Green is ________（四十） years old. 2．There were eight ______ (hundred) students taking the exams. 3．________ students will take part in the final of the memory competition. (twelfth) 4．As we all know, September is the ________ (nine) month of the year. 5．—Have you finished your homework today? —No, I need a________ twenty minutes. 6．________ (hundred) of people come to the library to read books on weekends. 7．Our class will hold a small celebration on the ________ day of October this year. (eight) 8．This is my ________ try to make the curry chicken taste right. (five) 9．The man started his writing career in his ________ (forty), but he still achieved success. 10．Remember to take the pills I gave you on time, ________ at a time. (second) 考点三 介词 1.（2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）It was a warm morning when I ran to the sea. I dropped my things the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back. A．in B．on C．from D．off 2．（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables a small knife. A．by B．for C．with 3.（2024·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking the penguin eggs near the rocks. He quickly drove it away. A．above B．off C．towards D．from 4．（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）They had a taste of what it was like to travel space. Everything was magical. A．on B．in C．for 5．（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）Every day, he can see his neighbors playing chess in the park, dancing the river or chatting in the market. 6．（2024·广东省深圳卷·中考真题·短文填空）My teammates are international students coming different countries. 7．（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）Thanks to the craze, there have been events like group rides and bike festivals. These create a sense of community 8 bikers. 核心一、时间介词 介词 用法 at 用于具体的时间点或某些固定短语中 on 用于确定的时间，具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚或节日之前 in ①用于世纪、朝代、时代、年、月、季节 ②用于上午、下午、晚上 ③用于将来时表示“一段时间之后” after 表示过去或将来的一段时间以后 before 表示“在......之前” until,till 表示“直到......”时，句中活动或状态中止或向相反方向转化 by 表示句中的活动或状态在“by的时间”时已经完成 from 说明什么时候开始 since 表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻 for 说明某动作或情况持续多久 during 表示“在......期间” 核心二、方位介词 介词 用法 at 表示“在......处”，指较小的地点 in 表示“在......内部；在......里面” on 表示“在某物的上面”，二者互相接触 表示两个地方接壤 to 表示两个地方不接壤 over 表示“在某物的正上方”，二者无接触 above 表示“某物高于某物”，非正上方 under 表示“在某物的正下方”，二者无接触 below 表示“某物低于某物”，非正下方 behind 表示“在某物体的后面” in front of 表示“在......的前面” beside,by,near 均表示“在......旁边；附近” between 表示“在......之间”，用于二者之间 among 表示“在......中间”，用于三者以上 核心三、方式介词 介词 用法 by 用，由，被，乘坐 in 用（语言） with 用（具体材料），手段；用（手/脚/耳/眼） over 通过（收音机） through 通过...... on ①骑（车）；徒（步） ②通过（收音机/电视机） 核心四、其他介词 介词 用法 about 意为“关于......” on 意为“关于；有关......” except 意为“除......之外（不再有）” besides 意为“除......之外（还有）” for 对于/就......而言（多表示客观情况） to 意为“对......而言”（多表示主观态度） of ......的，有关......，对于/就......而言 in 意为“在......（方面） like 表示（外表）“像......一样” as 表示“作为......”，表示事实 instead of 表示“代替，而不是” against 表示“反对，依靠” in 表示“穿着......衣服/颜色” with 表示“与......一起，有/带着/长着......” without 表示“没有，无，不”等 核心五、常见的介词短语 形容词＋介词 careful about 关心，关注 ready for为......做好准备 interested in 对......感兴趣 be famous for 因......闻名 be different from与......不同 be angry with生......的气 介词＋名词 at work/home/school上班/家/上学 by the way 顺便说 in a hurry 匆忙的 at night 在晚上 with the help of 在······的帮助下 for example 例如 at the end of 在······末梢/结束时 on foot 步行 at breakfast 在吃早餐 at the foot of 在·····脚下 to one’s surprise 令······惊讶的是 in the end终于 at the same time 同时 in this way用这种办法 at last最后；终于 at the age of 在······岁数时 in fact事实上 in trouble 处于困难中 in danger 处于危险中 on the phone 用电话 动词＋介词 arrive at/in 到达 knock at/on敲 agree with 同意 look after 照料 think of 想起；认为 hear from收到······来信 look for 寻找 think about 考虑 come from来自 look over 检查 wait for等待 talk about 谈论 get to 到达 ask for 请求 talk to/with 与······交谈 get on/off 上/下车 pay for 支付 worry about 担心 point at 指 take pride in 为······而自豪 do/deal with 处理 smile at 朝······微笑 look at 看 prefer...to...宁可；更喜欢 laugh at 朝······大笑 listen to 听 prepare for 为......做准备 1、当节日名称包含 “Day”或需要强调确切日期时，使用介词on； 若强调在节日期间，如圣诞节、春节等多日庆典，常用介词at。 如：on Mother’s Day 在母亲节（当天）；at the Spring Festival在春节（期间） 2、在含this，that，last，next，every等表示时间的词组及某些表示时间的词（yesterday，today，tomorrow等）前通常不加介词。 如：We’ll have a meeting this evening/next week/tomorrow morning. 我们今晚/下周/明天上午要开会 一、单项选择 1．The joy of using VR technology to travel around our hometown Yangzhou is really ________ words. A．through B．across C．against D．beyond 2．The boy ________ glasses is my classmate. He is good at ________ stories. A．wears; telling B．with; telling C．wears; to tell D．with; to tell 3．Does he study ________ working ________ his friends? A．in; by B．on; with C．by; with D．by; on 4．Sometimes Mother’s Day is ________ the same day as International Nurses Day. A．in B．on C．at D．for 5．Make a second, smaller ball and put it ________ top of the first one. A．in B．on C．above D．below 6．My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot. A．by; by B．on; on C．by; on D．on; by 7．Mary wants to improve her English ________ practicing more. A．by B．in C．on D．of 8．In Chenghuang Miao area, there is a lake ________ a pavilion in its middle. A．by B．for C．with D．outside 9．Our English teacher usually praises us ______ trying our best. A．for B．on C．to D．at 10．—Last Saturday we didn’t climb the mountain ________ the heavy rain. —What a pity! A．because B．because of C．in front of D．before 11．— Thanks our government, we can play sports on the new playground next week. — That's for sure! And we' ll have a sports meeting one month. A．for; in B．to; in C．for; after D．to; after 12．—Are you going hiking with the whole group this weekend? —No. All of us are going ________ Tom. He has a football match. A．besides B．except C．along D．towards 13．_________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. A．As B．For C．with D．Through 14．I like flowers. I hope to study at a school ________ many flowers and trees in it. A．in B．with C．on D．by 15．All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 16．It’s generous ________ Linda to donate so much money________that sick boy. A．for;for B．of;to C．for;to D．of;for 17．Mr. Sigmund is known ________ a great youth worker, and his talk about teenage problems this Friday is worth ________. Don’t miss it! A．as; to listen to B．as; listening to C．for; to listen to D．for; listening to 18．________ the age of 5, Meimei started learning dancing at the Children’s Palace. A．By B．At C．On D．In 19．—Daisy, go and see what’s happening to the windows. —Nothing serious. The heavy rain is beating ________ them. A．through B．across C．against D．above 20．You must be careful ________ falling stones. OK, let's go down this path. A．on B．of C．in D．for 二、填空题 1. We usually go to school ______ foot every morning. 2. My birthday is ______ June 18th, and it’s always ______ summer. 3. You must be careful ______ the busy traffic when you cross the road. 4. He has learned English ______ more than six years. 5. Thanks ______ your help, I finished the work on time. 6. Most students are interested ______ playing basketball after class. 7. She left home ______ 7 o’clock yesterday evening. 8. As teenagers, we should respect the old and care ______ them. 9. There is a beautiful river ______ the two villages. 10. My parents are strict ______ me in my schoolwork. 11. We will have a sports meeting ______ next week. 12. He looked everywhere ______ his lost key, but he didn’t find it. 13. China lies ______ the east of Asia. 14. Don’t shout ______ others. It’s impolite. 15. ______ my opinion, reading more books is good for us. 16. She can communicate ______ foreign teachers easily in English. 17. I usually listen to music to relax myself ______ my free time. 18. The table is made ______ wood and it looks very strong. 19. We should get on well ______ our classmates at school. 20. ______ the help of my teacher, my English has improved a lot. 21. He will arrive ______ Beijing at 9:00, and arrive ______ the station on time. 22. We have lunch ______ noon, and we don’t have classes ______ weekends. 23. She has stayed here ______ 2020, and she will stay ______ two more days. 24. The chair is made ______ plastic, while the paper is made ______ wood. 25. Japan lies ______ the east of China, and Shanghai is ______ the east of China. 26. Don’t be angry ______ me, and don’t be angry ______ my careless mistakes. 27. He waited ______ me at the gate instead ______ going home alone. 28. You shouldn’t laugh ______ others, or they will be upset ______ your words. 29. ______ the beginning of the term, we made a plan ______ our studies. 30. I agree ______ you on this idea, but I don’t agree ______ the whole plan. 31. It’s kind ______ you to help me, and it’s important ______ us to keep healthy. 32. She goes to school ______ her bike, not ______ foot. 33. We must protect animals ______ danger, because they are ______ great need of help. 34. He succeeded ______ passing the exam ______ hard work. 35. ______ fact, many students learn English ______ listening and speaking. 36. The meeting will be over ______ 30 minutes, so don’t leave ______ now. 37. My teacher always encourages me ______ face difficulties bravely. 38. You can look up the new words ______ the dictionary when you meet them. 39. Most people sleep ______ night and work ______ the daytime. 40. He ran ______ the rain quickly, and walked ______ the street carefully. 一、单项选择 1．After the flood, the government raised lots of money to help people rebuild________ homes. A．my B．their C．her D．your 2．—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Zhaohua Ancient City last Sunday? —Of course. I bought some Fried dough twists (麻花) for my parents. A．anything special B．special anything C．something special D．special something 3．The new high-speed railway makes ________ possible to travel between cities quickly. A．it B．this C．that D．one 4．Damin hangs a light at the front of ________ raft to work in the darkness. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 5．—Bill, is this your bike? —Yes, it’s ________. My father bought it for me a week ago. A．his B．yours C．hers D．mine 6．As a cos-player, Jenny often dresses ________ up as different popular cartoon characters. A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 7．We should believe in ________ because that’s the secret of success. A．our B．us C．ours D．ourselves 8．Online courses make ______ much easier for people to learn about the world at home. A．it B．one C．this D．that 9．The volunteers sent ________ books to a poor village school on Children’s Day. A．two hundreds of B．two hundred C．two hundreds D．two hundred of 10．The accident happened in________. He was in ________at that time. A．the 1990s; his twenties B．the 1990s; the twenties C．1990s; his twenties D．1990s; twenties 11．—How old is your daughter? —________. We had a surprise party for her ________ birthday last Sunday. A．Twentieth; twentieth B．Twentieth; twenty C．Twenty; twentieth D．Twenty; twenty 12．—Oh. Lisa, have you finished your homework yet? —No, not yet. I think it’ll take me ________ ten minutes. A．another B．other C．others D．more 13．—What’s the population of China? —It’s about 1.4 ________. A．billion B．billions C．millions D．thousand 14．Because of the special situation last year, about _________ of the students in our school _______ having classes on the Internet at home. A．two thirds; are B．two third; is C．two thirds; was D．two thirds; were 15．For the boy, nothing was warmer than a dinner cooked by his mother ________ a cold evening. A．on B．in C．at D．for 16．John Warner, born ________ 1971, has devoted all his time to studying the life of sea lions. A．at B．on C．in D．by 17．It’s a great idea to visit Beijing ________ April and May. A．in B．from C．at D．on 18．Yuan Longping, China’s “father of hybrid rice”, died ________ May, 23, 2021, at the age of 91. A．at B．in C．on D．of 19．We have English class ________ two o’clock every Friday afternoon. A．on B．of C．at D．in 20．—Did you study any other language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I also studied French there. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．besides; besides B．but; except C．except; except D．besides; except 21．Do you see the man ________ a book in his hand? He is my cousin. A．with B．in C．at D．of 22．He likes to sleep with the window , especially in hot summer. A．opens B．opened C．is open D．open 23．_________ different kinds of APPs in your mobile phone, you can get any information you want immediately. A．With B．At C．By D．From 24．—What kind of books do you like? —I like books science and technology. A．by B．at C．to D．on 25．—Do you like rainy days? —Yes, I enjoy lying in bed and listening to the rain beating ________ the windows. A．through B．toward C．against D．among 26．—This problem is far ________ my ability. I’m afraid I can’t work it out. —Don’t worry. We will help you. A．beyond B．beside C．behind D．more 27． ________ the evening ________ May 19th, we arrived at the Bund. A．In;on B．On;on C．In;of D．On;of 28．Please don't go ________ me. I don't want to be here alone. A．with B．for C．to D．without 29．Tian Yu, known  _______ a great designer in China, designed the mascots( 吉祥物) of 2019 Beijing World Expo. A．as B．of C．with D．for 30．This kind of paper is made bamboo. A．from B．in C．of D．up 二、单词拼写 1．Tim spoke so quietly that he was asked to repeat ________ in the maths class. (he) 2．Once the repair is finished, I’m sure no other playground is better than ________. (we) 3．Kunming, the capital of Yunnan, is known for ________ (it) comfortable weather. 4．Don’t be too hard on ________. Just make sure you try your best. (you) 5．In the face of danger, all the fighters were brave and n________ of them give up. 6．I have two extra tickets. You can invite e________of the two friends to the concert. 7．As we all know, September is the ________ (九) month of the year. 8．To everyone’s excitement, Jim was the ________ to cross the finish line. (one) 9．Today, many families in our country are planning to have a ________ (第二) child. 10．Although she is in her ________ (ninety), Tu Youyou still pays close attention to Chinese medical research. 11．Every year ________ (百万) of visitors go to see the main sights of some famous places. 12．Two ________ (three) of the water in the river is polluted. 13．All the students in our city go to school every day ________ (除了) weekends. 14．In my hometown, there was a big tree _________ (在……对面) my house. 15．She got the job t______ her hard work and excellent interview performance. 16．Row hard! Our boat is sailing a______ the wind. 17．I have searched everywhere, but my keys can’t be found t___________ now. 18．Fish will die ________ (with) air or water. 19．You must finish the project _______（在……之内）the next two weeks. 20．I made friends with some Americans ________ (在……期间) my stay in New York. 21．I’ve got three days’ holiday, ________ (包括) New Year’s Day. 22．—Would you please put this box ________ (在……之间) the desk and the wall? —No problem. 23．Look at the picture and the words ________ (在……下面). What do you suppose he’d like to tell us? 24．These are not Alice’s glasses. Do you know ______ glasses they are? 25．________ (this)books are all for you, James. 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案 。 Recently, our psychology teacher gave us a special task. It was to film a psychodrama (心理剧). A psychodrama is a play that tries to help students solve 1 problems. It helps students become 2 people than before. People use role-playing to deal with real-life difficulties. Psychodramas are popular at our school because the plays 3 by students. Students write plays about anything, from problems with studies 4 problems with friends. My group’s topic was friendship. I played a boy who had problems with the members of a dance group, 5 he finally saved their friendship after taking the advice of his classmates. My classmate Zhang Ming said, “After filming this psychodrama, I learned that communication is the key to good relationships, and I started 6 this in real life.” Some groups 7 at other problems. For example, one story was about a girl who didn’t do well in 8 test. Her parents might shout at her 9 , so she was afraid to tell her parents about the test. However, her teacher helped her by giving her advice on 10 to study and communicate with her parents. Another story showed how spreading gossip (流言蜚语) can hurt people. Many students said they learnt a lot from the stories. And those stories taught them how to make their lives more beautiful. 1．A．they B．them C．their 2．A．good B．better C．the best 3．A．is written B．are writing C．are written 4．A．to B．at C．for 5．A．so B．but C．or 6．A．to use B．to using C．used 7．A．will look B．looked C．has looked 8．A．a B．an C．/ 9．A．angry B．angrily C．anger 10．A．what B．why C．how 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 John was born in 1838. When he turned 11 years old, he and his family moved to the United States from Scotland. They 1 (begin) a new life in Wisconsin that year. John showed his love of nature in his early years. He liked playing outdoors every day. He was also interested in working outdoors on his 2 (father) farm. When he was 29, John had 3 accident at work. The accident hurt his eyes. As a result, he missed looking at nature for months. 4 (lucky), he could see again. Later that year, John wanted 5 (spend) all his time learning about nature. He would travel in order to make his dream come true. First, John hiked 1,000 miles. He studied plants 6 animals. He then took a trip 7 ship. It was to learn 8 (many) about the world around him than ever. In 1869, John went to the Sierra Nevada mountains. He enjoyed 9 (he) climbing the mountains and wrote down what he saw. And he wrote about the animals and plants as well. By the time John turned 33, people were reading what he had written. They realized the 10 (important) of nature from John’s books. Many people understood and accepted his thoughts. John’s books are still read today. He is famous for his love of nature. 五、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 ancient great science but cause invention it show on remember Zhang Heng was a famous scientist, astronomer (天文学家), and inventor who lived in China during the Eastern Han Dynasty. He made many important contributions to 1 and technology, and he is still 2 today for his great mind. One of Zhang Heng’s 3 inventions was the seismoscope (地动仪), a device that could detect (察觉) earthquakes. At that time, people did not understand what 4 earthquakes, but Zhang Heng’s seismoscope could 5 the direction of an earthquake even from far away. This was a huge achievement in 6 times. Besides his work 7 earthquakes, Zhang Heng also studied the stars and planets and improved the armillary sphere (浑天仪), a tool used to observe the sky. He believed that the moon did not produce 8 own light but reflected sunlight, which was a very advanced idea for that time. Zhang Heng was not only a scientist 9 also a talented poet and artist. His wide range of interests showed his creativity. Today, Zhang Heng is honored as one of the greatest scientists in Chinese history. His 10 and discoveries prove that ancient China was a land of innovation (创新) and wisdom. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 代词、数词和介词（复习讲义） 目 录 01 析·考情目标 02 筑·专题框架 03 攻·重难考点 真题动向 核心提炼 易错警示/技巧点拨 考点一 代词的用法 考点二 数词的用法 考点三 介词的用法 04 测·预测闯关 命题透视 从近5年广东中考命题形式上看，代词、数词和介词的考查主要出现在语法选择和短文填词中。 热考角度 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 人称代词 语法选择 5年1考 2021年（1分）：主格it 短文填空 5年4考 ①2024年（1.5分）：宾格them ②2023年（1.5分）：宾格it ③2022年（1.5分）：宾格it ④2021年（1.5分）：宾格him 物主代词 语法选择 5年3考 ①2025年（1分）：形容词性物主代词her ②2023年（1分）：形容词性物主代词his ③2022年（1分）：形容词性物主代词her 不定代词 短文填空 5年1考 2025年（1.5分）：复合不定代词something 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 基数词 语法选择 5年1考 2024年（1分）：one hour’s bus ride 短文填空 5年1考 2023年（1分）：hundreds of 考点 题型 考频 考查内容 时间介词 短文填空 5年1考 2021年（1.5分）：for 33 years 方位介词 语法选择 5年3考 ①2023年（1分）：in space ②2022年（1分）：in a village ③2021年（1分）：between two mountains 短文填空 5年3考 ①2025年（1.5分）：along the river ②2024年（1.5分）：among bikers ③2022年（1.5分）：in Asian countries 方式介词 语法选择 5年1考 2025年（1分）：with a small knife 命题预测 1.人称代词的主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和不定代词是广东中考的常考点。 2. 数词在近几年的广东中考中考频较低，但是考生还是需要掌握数词的核心用法，避免失分，另外考生还需要注意数词在听力中的考查。 3. 介词是必考点，主要考查介词的用法和常见搭配，其中，方位介词预估继续是高频考点。另外，阅读和写作中也会涉及各种常见的介词短语，考生要注重加强积累。 考点一 代词的用法 1.（2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择） I put on the rock and swam back in. A．it B．its C．itself D．it’s 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我把它放在岩石上，然后游回水里。 it它，人称代词主格或宾格；its它的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；itself它自己，反身代词；it’s它是，it is的缩写。根据“I took it and swam to the surface.”以及“I put...on the rock”可知，此处指把贝壳放在岩石上，用it指代上文的shell，作put的宾语。故选A。 2．（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）With wild imagination, she came up with many new ideas and started to create own dishes. A．her B．hers C．herself 【答案】A 【解析】句意：她有着丰富的想象力，想出了许多新点子，并开始创作自己的菜肴。 her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“own dishes”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词her修饰名词dishes，表示“她自己的菜肴”。故选A。 3.（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）For him, city development is not about building new, but about making use of what’s already there in a creative way. 【答案】something 【解析】句意：对他来说，城市发展不是要建造新的东西，而是要以创造性的方式利用现有的东西。根据“For him, city development is not about building...new”和备选词可知，此处指建造新的东西，something“某物”符合语境。故填something。 4.（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of is bike riding, or biking. 【答案】them 【解析】句意：其中之一是骑自行车。根据“As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of...is bike riding, or biking.”和备选词可知，骑自行车是户外运动之一，they“它们”符合语境，one of them“它们之一”，故填them。 5．（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）At the age of seven, David had first astronaut (宇航员) training experience. A．he B．him C．his 【答案】C 【解析】句意：七岁时，大卫有了他的第一次宇航员训练经历。 he他，人称代词主格；him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，形容词性/名词性物主代词。修饰名词“experience”用形容词性物主代词，表示“他的”经历。故选C。 6．（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）There is a small thing we use every day. We usually put in the bathroom. 【答案】it 【解析】句意：我们通常把它放在浴室里。指代前文“a small thing”，需用代词it。故填it。 核心一、人称代词 人称代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 　 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 我 我们 你 你们 他 她 它 他们 主格 I　 we　 you　 you　 he　 she　 　it they　 宾格 me　 us　 you　 you　 him　 her　 it　 them　 1、主格作主语，用在谓语动词前。 如：She likes Beijing opera very much. 她非常喜欢京剧。 2、宾格作宾语，用在谓语动词或介词后。 如：That’ll make him happy. 那会令他高兴。 3、宾格也作表语，用在系动词后。 如：Oh，it’s you. 哦，是你啊。 巧学妙记: 人称代词主宾格，作用不同莫用错。主格句中作主语，宾格句中作宾表。句首、动前用主格，动介词后宾格。you和it主宾同，其他主宾要分清。 it的特殊用法 （1）指代上文提到过的事物。 如： The apple is delicious. I like it. 苹果很美味，我喜欢。 （2）指代婴儿或不知身份、性别的人。 如：The baby is crying. Maybe it is hungry.宝宝在哭。也许他饿了。 （3）指代天气、时间、距离、季节等。 如：It’s cold today, you’d better wear more clothes．今天天气冷，你最好多穿衣服。 （4）作形式主语，常用于以下句型： ①It’s＋adj.＋（of sb.＋）to do sth. （某人）做某事是......的。 ②It’ s + adj + (for sb.+ ) to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是......的。 ③It’s time to do/for...是（做）......的时候了。 ④It takes（sb.）＋一段时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了（某人）多长时间。 ⑤It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。 ⑥It seems that...好像/似乎...... ⑦It’s said/believed that... 据说/人们认为...... ⑧It’s（well）worth doing sth. 做某事是（很）值得的。 ⑨It’s no use doing sth. 做某事没用。 （5）作形式宾语，代替动词不定式（短语）或从句等，常用于“find/think/make/feel＋it＋adj/n . to do sth./that从句”结构中。 如：She thinks it（形式宾语）useful to exercise（真正的宾语）.她认为锻炼有益。 核心二、物主代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 　 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 我的 我们的 你的 你们的 他的 她的 它的 他们的 形容词性物主代词 my　 our　 your　 your　 his　 her　 its　 their　 名词性 物主代词 mine　 ours　 yours　 yours　 his　 hers　 its　 theirs　 一、形容词性物主代词 （1）相当于形容词，用于名词前作定语，不能单独使用。 （2）表示强调时，可与own连用，表示某人自己的”。 二、名词性物主代词 相当于名词，可以理解为“形容词性物主代词＋名词”，其后不能接名词，可作主语、宾语和表语。 如：The future is yours. (yours =your future) 未来是你们的。 巧学妙记： 形容词性作定语，身后要把名词加。物主代词名词性，相当名词可单用，身后没有名词影。两种代词形不同，添个“s”形变名。his，its不用变，my变mine要记清。 核心三、反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 　 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 反身代词 我自己 我们自己 你自己 你们自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 他们自己 myself　 ourselves　 yourself　 yourselves　 himself　 herself　 itself　 themselves　 1、作宾语 如：I can take care of myself. 我能照顾好我自己。 2、作表语 如：He needs space to be himself. 他需要空间来做自己。 3、作同位语 如：You should ask the teacher herself. 你应该问老师本人。 3、常用固定短语搭配 help oneself（to）随意吃/喝 enjoy oneself 玩得愉快 teach oneself＝learn by oneself 自学 make oneself at home 别拘束 keep sth. to oneself 保守秘密 by oneself 独自 come to oneself 恢复意识 think to oneself心里想；暗自思忖 look after/take care of oneself 照顾自己 say to oneself 自言自语 lose oneself in 专心于；沉迷于 dress oneself 自己穿衣 注意: 反身代词必须要与被指代的人或物在人称和数上保持一致，意为“某人或某物自己”。 如：They can look after themselves.他们能照顾自己。 核心四、指示代词 单数 复数 含义 this 这个 these这此 指较近的人或物 that那个 those那些 指较远的人或物 1、可作主语、宾语、表语。 2、打电话时，常用this指代自己，that指代对方。 3、为了避免重复，常用that和those指代上文提到过的人或物，且常于比较级。that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，those指代可数词复数。 如： ①The weather in Guangzhou is much better than that in Beijing recently. 最近，广州的天气比北京（的天气）好得多。( that= the weather ) ②I like these books better than those. 我喜欢这些书胜过那些（书）。 核心五、疑问代词 who 谁(主格) whom 谁(宾格) whose 谁的(所有格) what 什么(人、物) which 哪一个、哪些(人、物) 核心六、不定代词 一、常见的不定代词 （1）some/any 意义 辨析 用 法 一些 some ① 用于肯定句中，意为“一些人/事”，指代复数名词或不可数名词 ② 用于疑问句中，表示请求、建议或期望得到肯定回答 any ① 多用于否定句、疑问句中，意为“任何数量；任何一些”，指代复数名词或不可数名词 ② 用于肯定句中，表示“任一” （2）many/much 意义 辨析 用 法 许多 many 可作主语、 宾语和定语 代替或修饰可数名词复数 much 代替或修饰不可数名词 （3）a few， few，a little，little 意义 辨析 用 法 一些/很少 a few 代替或修饰可数名词复数 表示“一些；有点儿”，表示肯定概念 few 表示“几乎没有”，表示否定概念 a little 代替或修饰不可数名词 表示“一些；有点儿”，表示肯定概念 little 表示“几乎没有”，表示否定概念 （4）all，both，none，either，neither 意义 作主语时谓语动词的数 例句 both 两者都 复数 Both of us are interested in the film. either 两者中的任何一个 单数 Does either of you know Mr Li? neither 两者都不 单数 Neither of them is right. all 三者（或以上）都 复数 All of us are looking forward to the holiday. any 三者（或以上）中的任何一个 单数 You can read any of these books. none 三者（或以上）都不 单数/复数 None of the workers wants/want to work on weekends. （5）other，the other，others，the others，another 用法 例句 other 某一个，另一些，其他的。不能单独使用，后面要跟单数名词或复数名词，泛指别的 Where are his other books? others 其他。必须单独使用，泛指别人或别的东西，常用于＂some... others＂结构 Some are red, and others are black. the other 两个中的另一个，剩下的一个。特指，常用于＂one... the other...＂结构 She has two sisters — one is a nurse, and the other is a teacher. the others 其他全部，其余的。表示在一个范围内的其他全部 In our class only Tommy is English, and the others are Chinese. another 另一个(指多个中的任何一个)，可单独用，也可接单数名词或名词复数，表示＂另几个，再几个＂ You can see another ship in the sea, can’ t you? 二、复合不定代词 类别 some- any- no- every- 人 somebody（某人） anybody（任何人） nobody（没有人） everybody（每人） someone（某人） anyone（任何人） no one（没有人 everyone（每人） 物 something（某事/物） anything（任何事/物） nothing （没有什么） everything （每件事/物） 复合不定代词的用法 ①复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 如：Nothing is more enjoyable than playing tennis．没有什么比打网球更令人愉快了。 ②当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，应放在复合不定代词之后。 如：Learning is a lifelong journey because every day brings something new. 学习是一场终身旅程，因每天都会带来一些新的东西。 ③everyone/everybody只能指人；every one 既可指人也可指物，还可与of连用。 如：Everyone/Everybody/Every one should play a part in saving the earth. 每个人都应该为拯救圮发挥作用。 I bought a dozen eggs and every one of them was bad. 我买了一打鸡蛋，个个都是坏的。 一、单项选择 1．Only Tom was selected for the national team, while ________ remained in the club. A．other B．another C．others D．the others 【答案】D 【详解】句意：只有汤姆被选入了国家队，而其他人都留在了俱乐部。 考查不定代词辨析。other其他的，后接名词；another另一个，泛指三者或以上中的另一个；others其他人/物，泛指，不接名词；the others其余所有人/物，特指某个范围内剩下的全部。根据前文“Only Tom was selected”可知，除了汤姆之外，俱乐部里剩下的所有人(特指范围内其余的全部)都留了下来，应用the others。故选D。 2．Look at ________ beautiful flowers! They are from Yunnan. A．this B．these C．that D．those 【答案】B 【详解】句意：看这些漂亮的花！他们来自云南。 考查代词辨析。this这个；these这些；that那个；those那些。根据“flowers”是名词复数可知，此处用复数指示代词；根据“Look at...”通常指眼前的、较近的事物可知，these符合。故选B。 3．She is gifted in languages. She learns Spanish by ________. A．himself B．herself C．yourself D．myself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她在语言方面有天赋，她通过自学学习西班牙语。 考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己；herself她自己；yourself你自己；myself我自己。根据主语“She”可知，此处表示“她自己学习”，应用herself。故选B。 4．My parents and I ________ interested in films. ________ often go to the cinema together. A．are; They B．am; We C．are; We D．am; They 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我和我的父母都对电影感兴趣。我们经常一起去看电影。 考查be动词和人称代词。are是，用于第二人称单数和所有人称复数；am是，用于第一人称单数；They他们；We我们。第一个空，根据“My parents and I”可知，主语是复数，所以be动词用are；第二个空，根据“My parents and I”可知，此处指的是“我们”，所以用We。故选C。 5．My brother and I like playing Ping-Pong. ________ play together on Saturdays. A．He B．They C．We D．I 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我和我哥哥喜欢打乒乓球。我们在星期六一起玩。 考查代词辨析。He他；They他们；We我们；I我。根据“My brother and I”可知，主语是说话者和他的哥哥（复数且包括说话者），因此需用we指代“我们”。动词play用原形，也需复数主语匹配。故选C。 6．All of the guests showed up at the party,and the host welcomed ________ warmly. A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 【答案】B 【详解】句意：所有的客人都出席了派对，主人热情地欢迎了他们。 考查代词辨析。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“welcomed”是动词，其后需接宾格作宾语，因此填them。故选B。 7．My sister loves drawing, so I want to buy ________ some colored pencils. A．it B．her C．him D．them 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妹妹喜欢画画，所以我想给她买一些彩色铅笔。 考查人称代词辨析。it它；her她（宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词）；him他（宾格）；them他们（宾格）。根据“My sister loves drawing”可知，妹妹喜欢画画，所以应该是给妹妹买彩色铅笔，动词“buy”后接宾格，“妹妹”对应的宾格是“her”。故选B。 8．— ________ is this basketball? — Perhaps it’s our English teacher’s. He likes sports. A．Whose B．Where C．How D．Which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个篮球是谁的？——也许是我们英语老师的。他喜欢运动。 考查特殊疑问句。whose谁的；where在哪里；how怎样；which哪一个。根据“our English teacher’s”可知，此处询问篮球是谁的，故选A。 9．—________ notebook is this on the chair? —It must be Kelly’s. Her name is on the cover. A．Whose B．Who C．Whom D．Which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——椅子上这是谁的笔记本？——它一定是凯莉的。封面上有她的名字。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。Whose谁的；Who谁；Whom谁（宾格）；Which哪一个。根据答语“It must be Kelly’s. Her name is on the cover.”可知，此处是在询问笔记本是谁的，所以应该用Whose。故选A。 10．—When shall we meet, this Saturday or Sunday? —________ is OK. I’m free these days. A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们什么时候见面，这个周六还是周日？——这两天哪天都行。我这些天都有空。 考查代词辨析。Both两者都；Either两者中任意一个；All三者及以上都；Neither两者都不。根据“this Saturday or Sunday”可知是在两者之间选择，又根据“I’m free these days.”可知这两天哪天见面都可以，也就是两者中任意一个都行，所以应该用Either。故选B。 11．—Is there ________ in the chemistry lab now? —No, all the students have gone to the playground. A．anybody B．somebody C．everybody D．nobody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——现在化学实验室里还有人吗？——不，所有学生都去操场了。 考查不定代词辨析。anybody任何人，常用于疑问句和否定句；somebody某人，常用于肯定句或表示建议请求的疑问句；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据答语“No”表示否定回答，且问句是疑问句，询问“是否有人”，应使用anybody。故选A。 12．My grandpa knows ________ about how AI works. It’s just like magic to him. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我爷爷对人工智能如何运作一无所知。对他来说，这就像魔法一样。 考查复合不定代词辨析。something某事；anything任何事；everything每件事；nothing没有什么。根据下文“It’s just like magic to him.”可知，爷爷对AI的工作原理完全不了解，只有nothing能表达“完全不懂”的意思，与“像魔法一样”的语境完全吻合。故选D。 13．I tried hard to remember the password, but I could think of ________. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我努力想记住密码，但我想不出任何东西。 考查不定代词辨析。something某物；anything任何东西； nothing无物； everything一切。根据句意，前半句“努力记住”表示尝试，但“but”表转折，暗示失败结果，需填入否定词“nothing”表示“什么也想不起来”，而“anything”通常用于否定句或疑问句。故选C。 14．The students who do best in examinations are not always ________ with the best brains. A．one B．it C．those D．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：考试成绩最好的学生并不总是那些头脑最聪明的学生。 考查代词用法。one一个；it它；those那些；that那个。根据“The students who do best in examinations are not always...with the best brains”可知，此处指的是students，用those代指前面提到的人或物，故选C。 15．The kids made beautiful art pieces all by ________ in DIY class. Their parents were surprised by their creativity. A．myself B．themselves C．himself D．ourselves 【答案】B 【详解】句意：孩子们在DIY课上完全由自己制作了美丽的艺术品。 考查反身代词辨析。myself我自己；themselves他们自己；himself他自己；ourselves我们自己。主语“The kids”是第三人称复数，反身代词需与主语在人称和数上保持一致，表示“他们自己”。故选B。 16．I left my dictionary at home and Jenny shared ________ with me in class. A．her B．she C．hers D．herself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我把字典忘在家里了，詹妮在课堂上把她的（字典）和我一起用。 考查名词性物主代词。her她的，形容词性物主代词或宾格；she她，主格；hers她的（东西），名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。空格后无名词，需要一个能独立作宾语、指代“她的字典”的代词。名词性物主代词“hers”相当于“her dictionary”。故选C。 17．—Is this your pencil box? —No, ________ is blue. It may be Simon’s. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——这是你的铅笔盒吗？——不，我的（铅笔盒）是蓝色的。它可能是西蒙的。 I我（主格）；me我（宾格）；my我的（形容词性物主代词）；mine我的（名词性物主代词）。根据答语“No,...is blue.”可知，空格处在句中作主语，且指代“我的铅笔盒”，应用名词性物主代词mine，相当于my pencil box。 18．In ________ opinion, travelling alone can be a great way to gain self-confidence. A．she B．her C．hers D．herself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在她看来，独自旅行是获得自信的好方法。 考查代词辨析。she她，主格；her她的，形容词性物主代词/她，宾格；hers她的，名词性物主代词；herself她自己，反身代词。根据“in ...opinion”可知，in one’s opinion“依某人看来”符合语境，所以此处需用形容词性物主代词，故选B。 19．—It’s raining outside. I forgot to bring ________ umbrella. —Simon has a spare one. You can use ________. A．my; him B．me; his C．I; he D．my; his 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——外面正在下雨。我忘记带我的伞了。——Simon有一把备用的。你可以用他的。 my我的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格；me我，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词/名词性物主代词；I我，主格；he他，主格。第一空后有名词umbrella，需用形容词性物主代词my修饰；第二空后无名词，指代“他的伞”，需用名词性物主代词 his。 20．It’s nice ________ me out when I’m in trouble. A．for you to help B．of you to help C．for you helping D．of you helping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我陷入困境的时候，你帮我摆脱困境真是太好了。 考查it固定句型。根据“It’s nice...me out when I’m in trouble.”可知，此句是It’s + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.的结构，用nice描述人的品格。故选B。 21．Bill thought _________ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas. A．this B．that C．it is D．it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Bill认为与朋友合作并分享不同的想法是必要的。 考查it作形式宾语。this这个；that那个；it is它是；it它。在英语中，动词如think, find, consider等后接形容词加不定式时，常用it作形式宾语，避免头重脚轻。此处需填入it作形式宾语，指代后面的不定式短语“to work with friends and share different ideas”。故选D。 22．________ is important ________ us to master a new technology. A．It; of B．It; for C．That; of D．That; for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：掌握一项新技术对我们来说很重要。 考查it作形式主语的用法和介词辨析。固定句型It’s+adj.+for/of sb.+ to do sth.其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故排除C和D；如果形容词是修饰人的，就用介词of，如果形容词是修饰动词不定式的，就用介词for。由语境可知，形容词是修饰动词不定式的，要用介词for。故选B。 23．I can’t find my ticket. I think I have lost _________. A．it B．one C．this D．them 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我找不到我的票。我想我把它弄丢了。本题考查代词的用法。根据I can’t find my ticket．这句话可知，后面的代词是指我的票，指同一事物；one，指同一类事物；this指离说话地点比较近的事物；them是they的宾格形式，它（他，她）们。故选A。 24．—Listen! Who is knocking _________ the door? —I think _________ may be Lisa. A．in; she B．in; it C．at; she D．at; it 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——听！谁在敲门？——我觉得可能是丽莎。 考查介词和代词辨析。in在……里面；at在；she她；it它。根据“Who is knocking...the door?”可知，此处指敲门，应用短语knock at the door，所以第一空应选介词at；根据“I think...may be Lisa.”可知，此处表示可能是丽莎，即不确定是否是丽莎，所以空格处应选人称代词it，用于指代无法确定的人。故选D。 25．I’ve read one comic strip. I’ll read ________ one before class. A．other B．the other C．another D．others 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我已经读了一本漫画书。我将在课前再读一本。 考查不定代词辨析。other其他的，修饰复数名词；the other另一个，特指两者中的另一个；another另一个，泛指额外的另一个；others其他人或物。根据“I’ve read one comic strip.”可知，已读一本漫画书，课前要读“另一本”，是泛指额外的一本，而非特指两者中的另一个，且“one”为单数，需用“another”修饰。故选C。 26．Sarah is a shy girl. She has ________ friends at school and often stays alone. A．few B．little C．a few D．a little 【答案】A 【详解】句意：萨拉是一个害羞的女孩。她在学校几乎没有朋友，经常独自一人。 考查代词辨析。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。句中“friends”为可数名词复数，且根据“shy”和“often stays alone”可知，此处表示“几乎没有朋友”，含否定意义，用few修饰可数名词复数。故选A。 27．The population of Yakeshi is smaller than _______ of Hailaer. A．it B．one C．that D．those 【答案】C 【详解】句意：雅克什的人口比海拉尔的人口少。 考查代词辨析。it它；one一个；that那个；those那些。根据“The population of Yakeshi is smaller than...of Hailaer.”可知，此处指“海拉尔的人口”，在比较结构中用that代替名词population。故选C。 28．—Excuse me, do you have this book for sale? —Not yet. But you can check out ________ similar books over there. A．this B．that C．these D．those 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你们有这本在售的书吗？——还没有。但你可以去那边看看那些类似的书。 考查代词辨析。this这个；that那个；these这些；those那些。根据“check out…similar books over there”可知，此处指“那些书”，应用those修饰books，表示远指。故选D。 29．It’s time for _______ to go to the Palace Museum. A．you, Jane and I B．you, Jane and me C．Jane, you and me D．I, you and Jane 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你、简和我该去故宫博物院了。 考查并列人称代词的排列顺序。根据英语表达习惯，单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称。根据此顺序，C、D选项可先排除。空格处位于介词for之后，故人称代词应用宾格，A选项可排除，故选B。 30．________ girl, with ________ knowledge, she has the desire to explore the world and learn anything she decides to. A．Such a little; such little B．Such a little; so little C．So little a; such little D．So little; so little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：她是如此小的女孩，有着这么少的知识，她渴望探索世界和学习任何她决定学的东西。 考查so和such用法。so和such都表示“如此”，但so修饰形容词，such修饰名词。so little+不可数名词表示“如此少的……”，such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数表示“这么……的……”，such +形容词+不可数名词表示“这么……的……”。第一空的中心词是girl“女孩”，第二空的中心词是little“少的”，所以修饰名词用such，修饰形容词用so。故选B。 二、单词拼写 1．We should learn to solve problems by ________ (our). 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：我们应该学会自己解决问题。根据“We should learn to solve problems by...”以及备选词汇our可知，此处考查反身代词的用法，by oneself 表示“独自；靠自己”，our对应的反身代词是ourselves。因此应将our变为ourselves。故填ourselves。 2．This blue schoolbag is mine and that pink one is ________ (her). 【答案】hers 【详解】句意：这个蓝色书包是我的，那个粉色的是她的。根据“This blue schoolbag is mine and that pink one is.”以及所给单词可知，此处需填her的名词性物主代词形式hers“她的”，用来指代“她的书包”。故填hers。 3．That computer belongs to ________. (she) 【答案】her 【详解】句意：那台电脑属于她。根据“belongs to”可知，to为介词，介词后接人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。she“她”，人称代词主格，其宾格形式为her。故填her。 4．He finished the work by ________ (he). 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：他独自完成了这项工作。此处指“独自完成”，by oneself“独自”，此处用反身代词himself。故填himself。 5．Lucy introduced ________ before the welcome party. (she) 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：露西在欢迎派对开始前做了自我介绍。she“她”，人称代词主格，本句的主语是Lucy，谓语动词introduce的对象也是Lucy本人，主语和宾语指代同一人时，需要用反身代词herself。故填herself。 6．—Do you know that Kate seems unhappy today? —Yes. It was Kate ____________ (she) who told me that she was unhappy. 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：——你知道凯特今天看起来不高兴吗? ——是的。是凯特自己告诉我她不开心的。she“她”，人称代词主格，根据“It was Kate...who told me that she was unhappy.”可知，此处应用反身代词herself作Kate的同位语。故填herself。 7．Children should learn to do their homework by ________ (they). 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：孩子们应该学会独立完成自己的作业。根据“Children should learn to do their homework by... .”以及所给单词可知，应填they的反身代词形式themselves“他们自己”，表示独立完成自己的作业。by oneself意为“独自、靠自己”。故填themselves。 8．My parents are showing a friend of ________ (they) around our community. 【答案】theirs 【详解】句意：我父母正在带他们的一个朋友参观我们的社区。根据“showing a friend of”可知，此处带“父母的朋友”，需要双重所有格，此处用名词性物主代词，故填theirs。 9．Pardon ________ (I), could I get through? 【答案】me 【详解】句意：打扰一下，我可以通过吗？pardon为动词，后接宾格，I的宾格为me，pardon me“原谅我，对不起”。故填me。 10．Jane and Jack’s father teaches ________ (they) a lot about life. 【答案】them 【详解】句意：简和杰克的父亲教给他们很多关于生活的知识。根据“Jane and Jack’s father teaches…(they) a lot about life.”可知，此处位于动词teaches后，应用动词they的宾格形式them表示“他们”。故填them。 11．There isn’t ________ (some) milk in the fridge now. Why not buy some online? 【答案】any 【详解】句意：现在冰箱里没有牛奶了。为什么不在网上买呢？根据isn’t可知，此句是一个否定句，空处应填any，故填any。 12．B________ of my parents are workers. 【答案】(B)oth 【详解】句意：我的父母都是工人。根据“... of my parents are workers.”及首字母可知，此处表示父母两个人都是工人，both“两个”符合。故填(B)oth。 13．It’s time to say goodbye, but ________ (not any) of them wants to leave. 【答案】none 【详解】句意：是时候说再见了，但他们中没有人想离开。not any表示“没有任何”，相当于none，表示“三者或三者以上都不”，此处指他们中没有人想离开。 14．It’s a good idea. But I can’t remember w________ it was, Joan’s or Lily’s. 【答案】(w)hose 【详解】句意：好主意。但我不能记住是谁的了，Joan的还是Lily的。根据所给句子可知，题干包含宾语从句。空格上应填was的表语，根据“Joan’s or Lily’s”，结合所给首字母可知，此处应用whose，意为“谁的”。故填(w)hose。 15．When you meet difficulties, don’t keep them to ________, children! (you) 【答案】yourselves 【详解】句意：孩子们，当你们遇到困难时，不要独自承担！keep...to oneself“独自承担”，根据“children”可知，此处指“你们自己”，用反身代词yourselves。故填yourselves。 16．Li Bai is a famous poet in China. Many people around the world know about ________. (he) 【答案】him 【详解】句意：李白是中国一位著名的诗人。全世界很多人都了解他。“know about”是动词短语，意为“了解；知道……的情况”，其后接人称代词宾格作宾语。“he”是主格形式，其宾格形式是“him”，所以这里用“him”来指代前面提到的“Li Bai”，作“know about”的宾语。故填him。 17．I looked for it everywhere, but I found __________ in the end. 【答案】nothing 【详解】句意：我到处找，但是最后什么也没有找到。连词but前后表示转折关系，but前表示我到处寻找它，因此but后表示什么也没有找到，nothing没有什么，故填nothing。 18．The old expert is well-known in the field of robotics and is respected by ________. (every) 【答案】everyone/everybody 【详解】句意：这位老专家在机器人领域很有名，受到每个人的尊敬。by是介词，后接宾语，根据“is respected by”可知是受每个人的尊敬，everyone或everybody是不定代词，意思是“每个人；所有人”，可作by的宾语。故填everyone/everybody。 19．—I am afraid there is _________ wrong with my washing machine. Can you help me repair it? —Let me have a check. 【答案】something 【详解】句意：——我担心我的洗衣机出现问题了。你能帮我修一下吗？——让我检查一下。根据“I am afraid there is…wrong with my washing machine.”可知，此处指洗衣机出问题了。There is something wrong with…“表示某事物出现了问题或有不正常的情况”，此句为肯定句，空处应填something。故填something。 20．He has written many books, but ________ of them are good. (少) 【答案】few 【详解】句意：他写了许多本书，但是他们中少有写得好的。few“少”，此处是修饰可数名词books。故填few。 21．There is ________ ________ (没有新东西) in today’s newspaper. 【答案】 nothing new 【详解】句意：今天的报纸上没有什么新鲜事。nothing表示“没有什么”，new“新的”，形容词修饰不定代词需后置。故填nothing；new。 22．You can park on ________ (两者中任一) side of the street. 【答案】either 【详解】句意：你可以把车停在街道的任意一边。either“两者中任一”，修饰单数名词“side”。故填either。 考点二 数词 1.（2024·广东省深圳市·中考真题·选词填空） Recently, he and his team won the Shanghai International Students Dragon Boat Race. It was the team’s (six) win in a row and his second time winning the first prize. 【答案】sixth 【解析】句意：这是该队连续第六次获胜，也是他第二次获得冠军。根据“the team’s…win in a row”可知，此处应用序数词表示顺序。故填sixth。 2．（2023·广东省卷·中考真题·选词填空）Imagine that you travel back to (hundred) of years ago and brush your teeth comfortably. It sounds fantastic, doesn’t it? 【答案】hundreds 【解析】句意：想象一下，你回到几百年前，舒舒服服地刷牙。根据“About 800 years ago”可知此处是hundreds of短语，表示“数以百计的”。故填hundreds。 核心一、基数词 表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。 一、基数词的写法和读法 0 zero 10 ten 20 twenty 1 one 11 eleven 30 thirty 100 one hundred 2 two 12 twelve 40 forty 1,000 one thousand 3 three 13 thirteen 50 fifty 1,000,000 one million 4 four 14 fourteen 60 sixty 10,000,000 ten million 5 five 15 fifteen 70 seventy 100,000,000 one hundred million 6 six 16 sixteen 80 eighty 1,000,000,000 one billion 7 seven 17 seventeen 90 ninety 1,000,000,000,000 one trillion 8 eight 18 eighteen 9 nine 19 nineteen 注意： 1．特别关注 thirteen，fifteen，twenty，thirty，forty和fifty的拼写。 2．表示具体数目的hundred，thousand，million等均不用复数。如five hundred students。 3．百位数和十位数之间通常加连词and；十位数与个位数之间要加连字符。 二、基数词的基本用法 1、放在1以上的可数名词前，名词要用复数形式。 2、“基数词＋名词（＋形容词）”放在名词前。 注意：基数词＋名词（＋形容词），各词之间须用连字符“-”连接，各词只能用单数。 三、基数词用于时刻（介词用at） 1、表示整点：数词+o’clock 2、表示非整点： ①顺读法： 小时+分钟 ②逆读法：分钟+past/to+小时 1）分钟≤30用past，表示“几点过几分” 如：6:15 读a quarter past six 2）分钟>30用to，表示“差几分到几点” 如：7:40 读 twenty to eight 3）半小时用half；一刻钟用quarter或 fifteen 如：8:30 读 half past eight 注意：一个半小时 one hour and a half = one and a half hour 一天半 one day and a half = one and a half day 四、基数词用于年、月、日 1、在某年，in＋年 如： in 2017 2、在某月，in＋月 如：in July 3、 在某年某月，in＋月＋逗号＋年 如： in August,2017 4、在某年某月某日， on＋月＋日＋逗号＋年 如：on August 2/2 nd, 2017 on＋日＋月＋逗号＋年 如：on 2/2 nd August,2017 五、基数词用于年代、世纪 1、表示“几十年代”，in＋the＋逢十的基数词的复数 如： in the 19th century, in the 1890s 注意：年代前用the，世纪翻译成中文要比年份多1。如in the 1890s意思为 19世纪90年代。 六、基数词用于编号 1、事物名词（不加冠词）＋基数词 （须大写每个单词的首字母） 如：Lesson One,Part Three,Channel Five 2、定冠词＋序数词＋事物名词 （除专用名词外，无须大写每个单词的首字母） 如：the first lesson, the third part, the fifth channel, the fourth 七、基数词的其他用法 1、in＋one＇s＋逢十基数词的复数，表示“几十岁，几十多” 如：in his fifties 2、表示表达“成百上千”“成千上万”等大概数目 如：hundreds of, thousands of, millions of 3、数词与其他词构成复合形容词时，其中的名词要用单数 如：an eight-month-old baby 4、表示时间、距离，用“基数词＋名词所有格”结构作定语。 如：five minutes’ walk 步行五分钟的路程； 5、表示倍数或次数 一倍/次用once，两倍／次用twice，三倍／次及以上用“基数词＋times”。 如：The room is three times the size of that one.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。 6、表示数量在原有基础上增加：one＋more＋可数名词单数＝another＋可数名词单数 如：one more apple＝another apple 又一个苹果 two more hours =another two hours 再多两个小时 核心二、序数词 表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词 序数词 用法 例子 1-3 无规律 first, second, third 4-19 基数词后加-th fourth, fifth, sixth,eighth, ninth, twelfth, thirteenth... 整十序数词 将y 改为ie+th twentieth, thirtieth... 整百序数词 基数词后加-th hundredth 多位数序数词 个位变成序数词 twenty-first, three hundred and third 一、序数词和冠词 1、当序数词前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格修饰时，序数词前不用the。 2、表示分数时，序数词前不用the。 3、表示“又一，再一”时，序数词前加不定冠词。 4、表示“年、月、日”时，朗读时，序数词前加the，书写时，不用the。 5、序数词在句中作状语时，序数词前不用the。 6、表示考试、赛跑等获得的名次时，序数词前不用the。 二、分数、小数和百分比的表达 1、分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母须用复数形式。 如：one fourth, two thirds 2、小数点读作“point”，小数点后须各读各的。 如：15.07 fifteen point zero seven 3、先读基数词，再读百分号。 如：5% five percent 注：分数、百分数的考查往往和主谓一致相联系。当分数、百分数修饰可数名词的复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；当分数、百分数修饰不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。 一、单项选择 1．________ people visit the Great Wall every year. It’s one of China’s most popular places. A．Thousand of B．Two thousands C．Thousands of D．Two thousands of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年有成千上万的人参观长城。它是中国最受欢迎的地方之一。 Thousand of语法错误；Two thousands语法错误；Thousands of成千上万的；Two thousands of语法错误。根据“…people visit the Great Wall every year.”可知，thousand前有具体数字时用单数形式，不加of；表示不确定数目“成千上万”时用复数形式加of，即thousands of。本题表示概数，应填Thousands of。 2．On her ________ birthday, Alice got a beautiful doll from her friend. A．twelve B．twelfth C．nineth D．nine 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在她十二岁生日时，爱丽丝收到了朋友送的一个漂亮的洋娃娃。 考查序数词。twelve十二；twelfth第十二；nine九。表示“第几岁生日”要用序数词，排除AD；nine的序数词是ninth，排除C。故选B。 3．—What do you think of the environment here? —Wonderful! ________ of the land ________ covered with trees and grass. A．Two fifths, are B．Two fifth, is C．Two fifths, is D．Second five, are 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为这儿的环境怎么样？——好极了！五分之二的土地被树和草覆盖着。 考查分数的表达及用法。英语中分数表达方式为：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1的时候，分母要加s，五分之二应表达为two fifths；“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词应与名词的数保持一致，结合land为不可数名词，所以be动词用其三单形式is。故选C。 4．China held a commemoration to celebrate the ________ anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War on September 3rd, 2025. A．eighth B．eighteenth C．eightieth D．eightyth 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国在2025年9月3日举行纪念活动，庆祝世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。 考查序数词的用法。eighth第八；eighteenth第十八；eightieth第八十；eightyth错误拼写。根据常识可知，2025年是世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。故选C。 5．Tomorrow we are going to learn ________. A．Lesson Second B．Two Lesson C．Lesson Two D．Second Lesson 【答案】C 【详解】句意：明天我们将学习第二课。 考查编号的表达。第二课的两种表达方式：the Second Lesson或Lesson Two，故选C。 6．Mr. Wang, our coach, is still a strong man ________ his early fifties. A．in B．for C．on D．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的教练王先生尽管已经五十出头，但仍然很强壮。 考查介词辨析。in后接年/月/季节；for后接一段时间；on后接具体某一天；at后接具体时刻。根据“his early fifties”可知表示“在某个年龄段”时，通常使用介词“in”，in one’s+整十的复数“在某人几十岁时”。故选A。 7．My uncle joined the Party __________. And he’s ______now. A．in 1970s; in his forties B．in the 1970s; in his fortieth C．in the 1970s; in his forties D．in 1970; in his fourties 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我叔叔在20世纪70年代入党。他现在四十多岁。 考查年代和年龄段的表达。in 1970s错误表达；in the 1970s在20世纪70年代；in 1970在1970年；in his forties在他四十多岁时；in his fortieth在他四十岁的时候；in his fourties拼写错误。根据“My uncle joined the Party... .”以及选项可知，第一空表示在20世纪70年代；根据“he’s...now”以及选项可知，第二空表示四十多岁。故选C。 8．Please turn to page ________ and look at the ________ picture. A．twentieth; third B．twentieth; three C．twenty; third D．twenty; three 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请翻到第二十页，看第三张图片。 考查数词用法。twenty二十，基数词；twentieth第二十，序数词；third第三，序数词；three三，基数词。表示页数时，使用“Page+基数词”，即Page twenty；表示图片的顺序时，使用“the+序数词+名词单数”，即the third picture。故选C。 9．I am the ________ child of the family. My ________ younger sisters were much younger than me. A．one; two B．first; two C．one; second D．first; second 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我是家里的第一个孩子。我的两个妹妹都比我小很多。 考查数词的用法。one一；two二；first第一；second第二。根据“the...child of the family”可知，此处表示“第一个孩子”，应用序数词“first”；根据“My...younger sisters”可知，此处表示“两个妹妹”，应用基数词two修饰sisters。故选B。 10．My father bought me a new bike on my ________ birthday. A．nine B．ninth C．the ninth D．nineth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我父亲在我九岁生日时给我买了一辆新自行车。 考查序数词用法。nine九，基数词；ninth第九，序数词；the ninth定冠词+序数词；nineth拼写错误。根据“on my … birthday”可知，此处是指在“我”九岁生日时，应用序数词表示顺序；当序数词前有形容词性物主代词时，不需要再加定冠词“the”。故选B。 11．—Which room shall we live in tonight?    —In ________. A．the Room 406 B．Room 406 C．the 406 Room D．406 Room 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们今晚住哪个房间？——住406房间。 考查房间号的表达方式。在英语中，房间号通常直接用“Room+数字”表示，不需要加冠词“the”或改变数字与“Room”的顺序，故B选项符合结构。故选B。 12．Cindy can speak _________ two languages besides English. A．the other B．others C．else D．another 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除了英语，Cindy还会说另外两种语言。 考查代词辨析。the other两者中的另一个；others其他人或物；else其他；another多者中的另一个/几个。根据“two languages”可知此处是another+数词+名词复数“另外几个……”。故选D。 13．Almost ______of the students in this class, that is, __________of them wear glasses. A．two thirds, 60 percents B．two thirds, 60 percent C．two third, 60 percent D．two third, 60 percents 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：句意：这个班差不多三分之二的学生，也就是百分之六十戴眼镜。英语分数的分子用基数词形式，分母用序数词形式，分子为1时，分母用单数，分子大于1时，分母用复数，因此三分之二写作：two thirds；percent没有复数形式。故选B。 考点：考查数词。 14．The tree is __________ tall. A．three foot B．three-foot C．three feet D．three-feet 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这棵树有三英尺高。 考查高度的表达。foot英尺；feet英尺，复数。英文中可用“基数词+单位词+形容词”结构表示高度，three后接可数名词复数形式feet。故选C。 15．The teaching building in our university is about ________high. A．fifty-five metre B．fifty-five metres C．fifty-five-metre D．fifty five metres 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们大学的教学楼大约有55米高。 考查基数词和复数名词。metre“米”，长度单位，fifty-five“55”，修饰名词复数，排除A；D选项格式错误，排除；英语中，表示“55米高”，用fifty-five metres high或55 metres high。故选B。 二、单词拼写 1．Mr. Green is ________（四十） years old. 【答案】forty 【详解】句意：格林先生40岁。根据短语搭配“基数词+year(s) old”多少岁，可知此空填基数词；根据汉语提示“四十”的英语是“forty”。故填forty。 2．There were eight ______ (hundred) students taking the exams. 【答案】hundred 【详解】句意：有八百名学生参加考试。根据“eight”可知，空前有具体数字，hundred“百”要用单数。故填hundred。 3．________ students will take part in the final of the memory competition. (twelfth) 【答案】Twelve 【详解】句意：将有12名学生参加记忆比赛的决赛。此处应用基数词修饰名词students，表示数量。twelfth的基数词是twelve“十二”。故填Twelve。 4．As we all know, September is the ________ (nine) month of the year. 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：众所周知，九月是一年中的第九个月份。根据“the…month of the year”可知，此处需要表达“第九个”的含义，应使用序数词。基数词nine对应的序数词是ninth“第九”，前面通常加定冠词the。故填ninth。 5．—Have you finished your homework today? —No, I need a________ twenty minutes. 【答案】(a)nother/(a)bout 【详解】句意：——你今天完成作业了吗？——不，我还需要20分钟/我需要大约20分钟。根据“I need a…twenty minutes.”可知，此处还需要20分钟才能完成作业，可以使用another或者about。故填(a)nother/(a)bout。 6．________ (hundred) of people come to the library to read books on weekends. 【答案】Hundreds 【详解】句意：数百人在周末来到图书馆读书。根据空格后的“of”，且无具体数字，此处需用复数形式hundreds，hundreds of表示 “数百”，固定短语，用来修饰可数名词复数“people”，且句首首字母大写，故填Hundreds。 7．Our class will hold a small celebration on the ________ day of October this year. (eight) 【答案】eighth 【详解】句意：我们班将在今年十月的第八天举办一场小型庆祝活动。空格前有定冠词the，后接单数名词day，需要用序数词表示顺序。eight是基数词，意为“八”，其序数词是eighth，意为“第八”。故填eighth。 8．This is my ________ try to make the curry chicken taste right. (five) 【答案】fifth 【详解】句意：这是我第五次尝试让咖喱鸡的味道变得恰到好处。five“五”，基数词，此处表示“第五次尝试”，应用序数词，fifth“第五”，为序数词。故填fifth。 9．The man started his writing career in his ________ (forty), but he still achieved success. 【答案】forties 【详解】句意：这个人在四十多岁时才开始了他的写作生涯，但是他仍然取得了成功。根据“The man started his writing career in his…”及所给词可知，此处是“in one’s+整十的复数形式”，表示“在某人几十多岁的时候”，forty是数词，四十，此处用复数形式。故填forties。 10．Remember to take the pills I gave you on time, ________ at a time. (second) 【答案】two 【详解】句意：记得按时吃我给你的药片，一次两片。second“第二”是序数词。at a time意为“一次”，前面通常用具体数字表示数量，因此用基数词two。故填two。 考点三 介词 1.（2025·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）It was a warm morning when I ran to the sea. I dropped my things the beach and jumped in. I was just so glad to be back. A．in B．on C．from D．off 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我把东西扔在海滩上，然后跳了进去。 in在里面；on在上面；from来自；off离开。根据“I dropped my things...the beach”可知，此处表示把东西扔在海滩上，on the beach“在海滩上”。故选B。 2．（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）Later on, while mom was making dumplings, Lily would help cut vegetables a small knife. A．by B．for C．with 【答案】C 【解析】句意：后来，当妈妈包饺子时，莉莉会用小刀帮忙切菜。 by通过；for为了；with用。根据“Lily would help cut vegetables...a small knife”可知，此处指用小刀切菜，用介词with。故选C。 3.（2024·广东省广州卷·中考真题·语法选择）At that moment, Dad noticed a seabird walking the penguin eggs near the rocks. He quickly drove it away. A．above B．off C．towards D．from 【答案】C 【解析】句意：就在这时，爸爸注意到一只海鸟朝岩石附近的企鹅蛋走去。 above 在……以上，超过；off 从……离开；towards 向，朝着；from 从。根据“walking ... the penguin eggs”可知，是向企鹅蛋走去。故选C。 4．（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·语法选择）They had a taste of what it was like to travel space. Everything was magical. A．on B．in C．for 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他们尝到了在太空旅行的滋味。 on在……上；in在……里面；for为了。(travel) in space“在太空（旅行）”，固定短语。故选B。 5．（2025·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）Every day, he can see his neighbors playing chess in the park, dancing the river or chatting in the market. 【答案】along 【解析】句意：每天，他都能看到邻居们在公园里下棋、在河边跳舞或在市场上聊天。根据“dancing...the river”和备选词可知，此处指沿着河边跳舞，along“沿着”符合语境，故填along。 6．（2024·广东省深圳卷·中考真题·短文填空）My teammates are international students coming different countries. 【答案】from 【解析】句意：我的队员们都是来自不同国家的国际学生。come from“来自”。故填from。 7．（2024·广东省卷·中考真题·短文填空）Thanks to the craze, there have been events like group rides and bike festivals. These create a sense of community 8 bikers. 【答案】among 【解析】句意：这些在骑自行车的人中创造了一种社区意识。根据“These create a sense of community...bikers.”和备选词可知，这些在骑自行车的人中创造了一种社区意识，among “在……之间” 符合语境，故填among。 核心一、时间介词 介词 用法 at 用于具体的时间点或某些固定短语中 on 用于确定的时间，具体某一天及某一天的早、中、晚或节日之前 in ①用于世纪、朝代、时代、年、月、季节 ②用于上午、下午、晚上 ③用于将来时表示“一段时间之后” after 表示过去或将来的一段时间以后 before 表示“在......之前” until,till 表示“直到......”时，句中活动或状态中止或向相反方向转化 by 表示句中的活动或状态在“by的时间”时已经完成 from 说明什么时候开始 since 表示某动作或情况持续至说话时刻 for 说明某动作或情况持续多久 during 表示“在......期间” 核心二、方位介词 介词 用法 at 表示“在......处”，指较小的地点 in 表示“在......内部；在......里面” on 表示“在某物的上面”，二者互相接触 表示两个地方接壤 to 表示两个地方不接壤 over 表示“在某物的正上方”，二者无接触 above 表示“某物高于某物”，非正上方 under 表示“在某物的正下方”，二者无接触 below 表示“某物低于某物”，非正下方 behind 表示“在某物体的后面” in front of 表示“在......的前面” beside,by,near 均表示“在......旁边；附近” between 表示“在......之间”，用于二者之间 among 表示“在......中间”，用于三者以上 核心三、方式介词 介词 用法 by 用，由，被，乘坐 in 用（语言） with 用（具体材料），手段；用（手/脚/耳/眼） over 通过（收音机） through 通过...... on ①骑（车）；徒（步） ②通过（收音机/电视机） 核心四、其他介词 介词 用法 about 意为“关于......” on 意为“关于；有关......” except 意为“除......之外（不再有）” besides 意为“除......之外（还有）” for 对于/就......而言（多表示客观情况） to 意为“对......而言”（多表示主观态度） of ......的，有关......，对于/就......而言 in 意为“在......（方面） like 表示（外表）“像......一样” as 表示“作为......”，表示事实 instead of 表示“代替，而不是” against 表示“反对，依靠” in 表示“穿着......衣服/颜色” with 表示“与......一起，有/带着/长着......” without 表示“没有，无，不”等 核心五、常见的介词短语 形容词＋介词 careful about 关心，关注 ready for为......做好准备 interested in 对......感兴趣 be famous for 因......闻名 be different from与......不同 be angry with生......的气 介词＋名词 at work/home/school上班/家/上学 by the way 顺便说 in a hurry 匆忙的 at night 在晚上 with the help of 在······的帮助下 for example 例如 at the end of 在······末梢/结束时 on foot 步行 at breakfast 在吃早餐 at the foot of 在·····脚下 to one’s surprise 令······惊讶的是 in the end终于 at the same time 同时 in this way用这种办法 at last最后；终于 at the age of 在······岁数时 in fact事实上 in trouble 处于困难中 in danger 处于危险中 on the phone 用电话 动词＋介词 arrive at/in 到达 knock at/on敲 agree with 同意 look after 照料 think of 想起；认为 hear from收到······来信 look for 寻找 think about 考虑 come from来自 look over 检查 wait for等待 talk about 谈论 get to 到达 ask for 请求 talk to/with 与······交谈 get on/off 上/下车 pay for 支付 worry about 担心 point at 指 take pride in 为······而自豪 do/deal with 处理 smile at 朝······微笑 look at 看 prefer...to...宁可；更喜欢 laugh at 朝······大笑 listen to 听 prepare for 为......做准备 1、当节日名称包含 “Day”或需要强调确切日期时，使用介词on； 若强调在节日期间，如圣诞节、春节等多日庆典，常用介词at。 如：on Mother’s Day 在母亲节（当天）；at the Spring Festival在春节（期间） 2、在含this，that，last，next，every等表示时间的词组及某些表示时间的词（yesterday，today，tomorrow等）前通常不加介词。 如：We’ll have a meeting this evening/next week/tomorrow morning. 我们今晚/下周/明天上午要开会 一、单项选择 1．The joy of using VR technology to travel around our hometown Yangzhou is really ________ words. A．through B．across C．against D．beyond 【答案】D 【详解】句意：运用VR 技术游览我们家乡扬州的快乐真是难以言表。 考查介词辨析。through通过，指从物体内部穿过；across横穿，指从物体表面穿过；against反对；beyond超出。根据“The joy of using VR technology to travel around our hometown”可知，此处是指快乐无法用语言表达，beyond word意为“无法用语言表达”，故选D。 2．The boy ________ glasses is my classmate. He is good at ________ stories. A．wears; telling B．with; telling C．wears; to tell D．with; to tell 【答案】B 【详解】句意：戴眼镜的男孩是我的同学。他擅长讲故事。 考查介词和动名词作宾语。wears戴着 (谓语)；with带有 (介词)。第一句话已有谓语动词“is”，不能再用“wears”，“with glasses”作后置定语，修饰“boy”；be good at doing意为“擅长做某事”，at为介词，后加动名词作宾语。故选B。 3．Does he study ________ working ________ his friends? A．in; by B．on; with C．by; with D．by; on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是通过和朋友们一起工作来学习的吗？ 考查介词。in在……里；on在……上；by凭借，通过；with和。根据语境“Does he study...working...his friends?”可知，“和”朋友们“通过”工作一起学习吗？“with his friends”译为“和朋友们”，“by doing”译为“通过做某事”。故选C。 4．Sometimes Mother’s Day is ________ the same day as International Nurses Day. A．in B．on C．at D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有时母亲节和国际护士节在同一天。 考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、季节等；on后跟具体的某一天；at后跟具体的时刻；for后跟一段时间。根据“the same day”可知，此处指具体的一天，应用介词on。故选B。 5．Make a second, smaller ball and put it ________ top of the first one. A．in B．on C．above D．below 【答案】B 【详解】句意：制作第二个更小的球，并把它放在第一个球的上面。 考查介词短语。in表示“在……里面”；on表示“在……上面（接触表面）”；above表示“在……上方（不接触）”；below表示 “在……下方”。on top of是固定短语，意为“在……顶部”，符合把小球放在大球接触式顶部的语境。故选B。 6．My father often goes to work ________ bike, but sometimes he goes ________ foot. A．by; by B．on; on C．by; on D．on; by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我父亲经常骑自行车去上班，但有时他步行。 考查介词。“by + 交通工具” 表示出行方式，by bike 意为“骑自行车”；“on foot”是固定短语，意为“步行”，故选C。 7．Mary wants to improve her English ________ practicing more. A．by B．in C．on D．of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽想通过更多的练习来提高她的英语。 考查介词辨析。by通过（某种方式、手段）；in在……里面；on在……上面；of……的。根据 “practicing more” 可知，此处表示通过更多练习这种方式来提高英语，所以应用by，故选A。 8．In Chenghuang Miao area, there is a lake ________ a pavilion in its middle. A．by B．for C．with D．outside 【答案】C 【详解】句意：城隍庙一带有一个湖，湖中央有一个亭子。 考查介词辨析。by在……旁边；for为了；with带有；outside在……之外。根据“there is a lake...a pavilion in its middle.”可知，空格后为定语修饰名词“lake”，表示“中央有一个亭子的湖”，应用with表伴随。故选C。 9．Our English teacher usually praises us ______ trying our best. A．for B．on C．to D．at 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师通常会因为我们尽力而表扬我们。 考查介词辨析。for为了；on在……上；to到；at在……。根据“trying our best”可知，此处表示因尽力而表扬某人，需用介词for表示原因。故选A。 10．—Last Saturday we didn’t climb the mountain ________ the heavy rain. —What a pity! A．because B．because of C．in front of D．before 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——上周六由于大雨我们没有爬山。——多么可惜啊。 考查短语辨析。because因为；because of由于；in front of在……前面；before在……之前。heavy rain“大雨”是名词短语，而because后面要加从句，可以先排除A选项；根据语境可知，“大雨”是没有爬山的原因，B选项符合题意。故选B。 11．— Thanks our government, we can play sports on the new playground next week. — That's for sure! And we' ll have a sports meeting one month. A．for; in B．to; in C．for; after D．to; after 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多亏了我们的政府，下周我们就能在新操场上做运动了。 ——那是当然，一个月后我们要举行一场运动会。 根据thanks for因---而感谢；thanks to幸亏，由于；in+时间段，   表示多久以后，通常用于将来时态，after+时间段，通常用于过去时态；故选B 12．—Are you going hiking with the whole group this weekend? —No. All of us are going ________ Tom. He has a football match. A．besides B．except C．along D．towards 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个周末你会和整个团队一起去远足吗？——不，除了汤姆，我们都要去。他有一场足球比赛。 考查介词辨析。besides除了……之外（还有）；except除了……之外（不包括）；along沿着；towards朝向。根据“He has a football match”可知，汤姆不去远足，因此“我们所有人都去”不包括汤姆，需用表示排除的介词。故选B。 13．_________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. A．As B．For C．with D．Through 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着产量上升了60%，公司又度过了辉煌的一年。 考查介词的用法。as作连词表示伴随，后接句子；for作介词表示原因时，后面不能跟复合宾语；“with + 名词/代词 + 介词短语”构成with的复合结构；through为介词，表示通过，用在这里与语境不符。根据“production up by 60%”可知，此处“production”是名词，与后面“up by 60%”可以一起和with构成复合结构，表示伴随。故选C。 14．I like flowers. I hope to study at a school ________ many flowers and trees in it. A．in B．with C．on D．by 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我喜欢花。我希望在有许多花和树木的学校里学习。in在……里面；with具有，带有；on在……上面；by通过。根据情境可知，“many flowers and trees in it”这里是with的复合结构with+宾语+介词短语，应该使用with。故选B。 15．All of his family went on a trip to Wuxi, ________ his uncle. A．includes B．including C．include D．included 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他的所有家人都去无锡旅行了，包括他的叔叔。 考查介词的用法。根据“All of his family”和空格后的“his uncle”可知此处应用介词including表示包括他的叔叔在内的所有家人都去旅行了。故选B。 16．It’s generous ________ Linda to donate so much money________that sick boy. A．for;for B．of;to C．for;to D．of;for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：琳达给那个生病的男孩捐了这么多钱，真是太慷慨了。 考查介词。it’s+adj.+for/of+sb.+to do意为“某人做某事是怎样的”，当前面的形容词是来描述后面事情时用for ；前面形容词用来形容某人的人格特质时用of。空前“generous慷慨的”是来形容人格特质的，所以第一空填of；第二空表示“给那个生病的男孩捐钱”，介词to“给”，表示方向，所以第二空填to。故选B。 17．Mr. Sigmund is known ________ a great youth worker, and his talk about teenage problems this Friday is worth ________. Don’t miss it! A．as; to listen to B．as; listening to C．for; to listen to D．for; listening to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Sigmund先生作为一名伟大的青年工作者而著名，他这周五关于青少年问题的讲座值得听，不要错过。 考查be knows as及be worth doing句式。be known as表示“作为……而著名”；be known for表示“因……而著名”。第一空是“a great youth worker”是一种身份，故第一空应填“is known as”；句式be worth doing sth”表示“值得做某事”。故选B。 18．________ the age of 5, Meimei started learning dancing at the Children’s Palace. A．By B．At C．On D．In 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在5岁的时候，美美开始在少年宫学习舞蹈。 考查介词辨析。By凭、靠；At在；On在……上；In在……里。根据“…the age of 5”可知，本题考查短语“在……岁时”at the age of，此处需用介词at。故选B。 19．—Daisy, go and see what’s happening to the windows. —Nothing serious. The heavy rain is beating ________ them. A．through B．across C．against D．above 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Daisy，去看看窗户怎么了。——没什么大不了的。大雨正打在它们上面。 考查介词辨析。through穿过；across横过，指从一边到另一边；against碰，撞；above在(或向)……上面；beat击打，此处表达的是雨滴拍打在窗户上，beat against“反复在……上拍打”，故选C。 20．You must be careful ________ falling stones. OK, let's go down this path. A．on B．of C．in D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你一定要小心跌落的石头。好的,让我们一起沿着这条路走下去。 考查介词。on 在……上; of 属于……的; in 用某种材料; for 为了……。此处是固定搭配be careful of doing sth.表示“小心某事”。故选B。 二、填空题 1. We usually go to school ______ foot every morning. 2. My birthday is ______ June 18th, and it’s always ______ summer. 3. You must be careful ______ the busy traffic when you cross the road. 4. He has learned English ______ more than six years. 5. Thanks ______ your help, I finished the work on time. 6. Most students are interested ______ playing basketball after class. 7. She left home ______ 7 o’clock yesterday evening. 8. As teenagers, we should respect the old and care ______ them. 9. There is a beautiful river ______ the two villages. 10. My parents are strict ______ me in my schoolwork. 11. We will have a sports meeting ______ next week. 12. He looked everywhere ______ his lost key, but he didn’t find it. 13. China lies ______ the east of Asia. 14. Don’t shout ______ others. It’s impolite. 15. ______ my opinion, reading more books is good for us. 16. She can communicate ______ foreign teachers easily in English. 17. I usually listen to music to relax myself ______ my free time. 18. The table is made ______ wood and it looks very strong. 19. We should get on well ______ our classmates at school. 20. ______ the help of my teacher, my English has improved a lot. 21. He will arrive ______ Beijing at 9:00, and arrive ______ the station on time. 22. We have lunch ______ noon, and we don’t have classes ______ weekends. 23. She has stayed here ______ 2020, and she will stay ______ two more days. 24. The chair is made ______ plastic, while the paper is made ______ wood. 25. Japan lies ______ the east of China, and Shanghai is ______ the east of China. 26. Don’t be angry ______ me, and don’t be angry ______ my careless mistakes. 27. He waited ______ me at the gate instead ______ going home alone. 28. You shouldn’t laugh ______ others, or they will be upset ______ your words. 29. ______ the beginning of the term, we made a plan ______ our studies. 30. I agree ______ you on this idea, but I don’t agree ______ the whole plan. 31. It’s kind ______ you to help me, and it’s important ______ us to keep healthy. 32. She goes to school ______ her bike, not ______ foot. 33. We must protect animals ______ danger, because they are ______ great need of help. 34. He succeeded ______ passing the exam ______ hard work. 35. ______ fact, many students learn English ______ listening and speaking. 36. The meeting will be over ______ 30 minutes, so don’t leave ______ now. 37. My teacher always encourages me ______ face difficulties bravely. 38. You can look up the new words ______ the dictionary when you meet them. 39. Most people sleep ______ night and work ______ the daytime. 40. He ran ______ the rain quickly, and walked ______ the street carefully. 【答案】 1. on 2. on; in 3. with 4. for 5. to 6. in 7. at 8. for 9. between 10. with 11. /（无需介词） 12. for 13. in 14. at 15. In 16. with 17. in 18. of 19. with 20. With 21. in; at 22. at; on / at 23. since; for 24. of; from 25. to; in 26. with; at/about 27. for; of 28. at; about 29. At; for 30. with; to 31. of; for 32. on; on 33. in; in 34. in; through 35. In; by 36. in; / 37. to 38. in 39. at; in 40. in; across 一、单项选择 1．After the flood, the government raised lots of money to help people rebuild________ homes. A．my B．their C．her D．your 【答案】B 【详解】句意：洪水过后，政府筹集了大量资金来帮助人们重建他们的家园。   考查形容词性物主代词：my（我的）、her（她的）、your（你的/你们的）都不符合句中“people”（人们，复数）的指代对象。their（他们的）与前面的“people”对应，指代“人们的家园”，符合语境。 2．—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Zhaohua Ancient City last Sunday? —Of course. I bought some Fried dough twists (麻花) for my parents. A．anything special B．special anything C．something special D．special something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Tina，上周日你去昭化古城的时候买了什么特别的东西吗？——当然。我给父母买了一些麻花。 anything常用于疑问句和否定句，something常用于肯定句；形容词修饰不定代词时，形容词要放在不定代词之后。本句为一般疑问句，用anything，且形容词special需后置。 3．The new high-speed railway makes ________ possible to travel between cities quickly. A．it B．this C．that D．one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这条新的高速铁路使得在城市之间快速旅行成为可能。 考查代词辨析。it它；this这个；that那个；one一个。动词“makes”后接复合宾语结构“宾语+宾语补足语”，当真正的宾语是动词不定式短语“to travel…”时，用“it”作形式宾语，构成“make it+形容词+to do sth.”。故选A。 4．Damin hangs a light at the front of ________ raft to work in the darkness. A．he B．him C．his D．himself 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大民在他的筏子前面挂了一盏灯，以便在黑暗中工作。 考查代词辨析。he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据句意，空格后是名词“raft（筏子）”，此处需要表示“他的筏子”，应使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选C。 5．—Bill, is this your bike? —Yes, it’s ________. My father bought it for me a week ago. A．his B．yours C．hers D．mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——比尔，这是你的自行车吗？——是的，它是我的。我父亲一周前给我买的。 his他的；yours你的/你们的；hers她的；mine我的。根据“Bill, is this your bike?”以及“Yes”可知，此处表达的是“它是我的（自行车）”，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my bike，作表语。 6．As a cos-player, Jenny often dresses ________ up as different popular cartoon characters. A．she B．her C．herself D．hers 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为一名角色扮演者，珍妮经常把自己打扮成不同的流行卡通人物。 考查代词辨析。she她，主格，在句中作主语；her她（宾格），她的（形容词性物主代词）；herself她自己，反身代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据“dresses...up as different popular cartoon characters”可知，此处是固定短语dress oneself up as“把……打扮成”，所以应该用反身代词herself。故选C。 7．We should believe in ________ because that’s the secret of success. A．our B．us C．ours D．ourselves 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们应该相信我们自己，因为那是成功的秘诀。 考查代词辨析。our我们的，物主代词；us我们，人称代词；ours我们的，物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词。根据“We should believe in...because that’s the secret of success.”可知，此处指“我们”相信“我们自己”就会成功，believe in oneself“相信自己”符合语境。故选D。 8．Online courses make ______ much easier for people to learn about the world at home. A．it B．one C．this D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在线课程使人们在家了解世界变得容易得多。 考查it作形式宾语。it它；one一；this这个；that那个。make it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.“使某人做某事变得……”，是固定搭配，it在此处作形式宾语，不定式“to learn about the world at home”是真正的宾语。故选A。 9．The volunteers sent ________ books to a poor village school on Children’s Day. A．two hundreds of B．two hundred C．two hundreds D．two hundred of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：志愿者们在儿童节给一所贫困的乡村学校送了两百本书。 考查大数表达法。two hundreds of错误表达；two hundred两百；two hundreds错误表达；two hundred of……中的两百个。根据“The volunteers sent...books to a poor village school on Children’s Day.”可知，句中指志愿者们给学校送了“两百”本书。“hundred”前有具体数字时，不用复数形式，也不与“of”连用，直接用“数字+ hundred+名词复数”。故选B。 10．The accident happened in________. He was in ________at that time. A．the 1990s; his twenties B．the 1990s; the twenties C．1990s; his twenties D．1990s; twenties 【答案】A 【详解】句意：事故发生在 1990 年代。当时他二十多岁。 考查年代及年龄段的表达。在某个世纪某个年代是：in the+数字+s，in the 1990s“在20世纪90年代”；在某人多少岁是：in+one’s+基数词的复数形式，in his twenties“在他二十多岁”。故选A。 11．—How old is your daughter? —________. We had a surprise party for her ________ birthday last Sunday. A．Twentieth; twentieth B．Twentieth; twenty C．Twenty; twentieth D．Twenty; twenty 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你女儿多大了？——二十。上周日我们为她二十岁生日举办了一个惊喜派对。 考查数词。twenty二十，基数词；twentieth第二十，序数词。年龄用基数词，第二个空表达“第二十个生日”用序数词，故选C。 12．—Oh. Lisa, have you finished your homework yet? —No, not yet. I think it’ll take me ________ ten minutes. A．another B．other C．others D．more 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哦，Lisa，你完成作业了吗？——不，还没。我觉得还需要十分钟。 考查代词用法。another三者及以上的另一个；other其他的，表泛指；others其他人或物；more更多。根据“I think it’ll take ten…minutes.”可知，此处指的是“还需要十分钟”，another+基数词+名词=基数词+more+名词，意为“还要……”。因此此处用another。故选A。 13．—What’s the population of China? —It’s about 1.4 ________. A．billion B．billions C．millions D．thousand 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——中国的人口是多少？——大约14亿。 考查大数的表达。billion十亿，million百万，thousand千。根据常识，中国人口约14亿，用1.4 billion，billion前面有具体数字时，用单数形式，故选A。 14．Because of the special situation last year, about _________ of the students in our school _______ having classes on the Internet at home. A．two thirds; are B．two third; is C．two thirds; was D．two thirds; were 【答案】D 【详解】句意：由于去年的特殊情况，我们学校约三分之二的学生在家通过互联网上课。 考查分数的表达以及主谓一致和时态。空一处表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母需用复数，因此此处三分之二应表示为two thirds；“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词常与of后的名词保持数的一致，of后the students是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式，且根据“last year”可知，时态用一般过去时，因此be用were。故选D。 15．For the boy, nothing was warmer than a dinner cooked by his mother ________ a cold evening. A．on B．in C．at D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：对这个男孩来说，没有什么比在寒冷的夜晚吃上妈妈做的饭更温暖的了。 考查介词辨析。on后接具体某一天，或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；in后接年、月、季节、泛指的上下午、晚上等；at后接具体时刻等；for后接一段时间。根据“a cold evening”可知，此处指在寒冷的晚上，应用介词on。故选A。 16．John Warner, born ________ 1971, has devoted all his time to studying the life of sea lions. A．at B．on C．in D．by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：约翰·沃纳，出生于1971年，他把所有的时间都花在了研究海狮的生活上。 考查时间介词。at在（表示存在或出现的地点、场所、位置、空间，或表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等）；on用于具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上；in用于年、月、季节等；by不迟于，在……之前。根据“1971”可知，在年份前用介词in。故选C。 17．It’s a great idea to visit Beijing ________ April and May. A．in B．from C．at D．on 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在四月和五月期间参观北京是个好主意。 考查介词辨析。in后跟年月季节等；from从；at后跟具体时刻；on后跟具体的日期。根据“April and May”可知，月份前用介词in。故选A。 18．Yuan Longping, China’s “father of hybrid rice”, died ________ May, 23, 2021, at the age of 91. A．at B．in C．on D．of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：中国“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平于2021年5月23日去世，享年91岁。 考查介词辨析。at用于具体时间点；in用于月份、年份等较长时间段；on用于具体的某一天；of表示所属关系。根据“May,23,2021”可知，此处指的是具体的某一天，用时间介词on，故选C。 19．We have English class ________ two o’clock every Friday afternoon. A．on B．of C．at D．in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每周五下午两点我们有英语课。 考查介词辨析。on用于具体的某一天或者具体某一天的上/下午/晚上；of属于……的；at用于具体的钟点前；in用于年/月/季节前。two o’clock是具体时刻，介词用at。故选C。 20．—Did you study any other language ________ English when you were at college? —Yes, I also studied French there. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each. A．besides; besides B．but; except C．except; except D．besides; except 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——当你上大学时，除了英语，你还学过其它任何语言吗？——是的，我还学了法语。但是，每种语言除了几个单词外，我已经全都忘了。 考查介词辨析。besides除……之外（还有），包括其后的宾语在内；except除……之外，不包括在内，语气更强；but除了……（不再有）。根据“any other language”可知提问者问对方学了哪些语言，英语属于语言，包括在内，所以第一空填besides；而回答者说把学过的都忘了，只记住几个单词，这几个单词不在遗忘的范围内，所以第二空填except。故选D。 21．Do you see the man ________ a book in his hand? He is my cousin. A．with B．in C．at D．of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你看见那个手里拿着一本书的人了吗? 他是我的表弟。 考查介词辨析。with有，具有；in在；at在；of……的。with+名词+介词短语，作后置定语。故选A。 22．He likes to sleep with the window , especially in hot summer. A．opens B．opened C．is open D．open 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他喜欢开着窗户睡觉，尤其是在炎热的夏天。 考查形容词作宾语补足语。open作动词，表示打开，作形容词，表示开着的；opened打开，过去式及过去分词；to open打开，动词不定式；is open开着的。这里考查固定用法：with+名词+形容词“使……处于什么状态”。形容词做宾补，构成with复合结构。故选D。 23．_________ different kinds of APPs in your mobile phone, you can get any information you want immediately. A．With B．At C．By D．From 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有了不同种类的应用程序在你的手机里，你可以得到任何你想要的信息。 考查介词。A.with用……方式；B. At加小地点；C. By通过……方式，加交通工具；D. From从……地方。With加复合宾语，表示伴随。这里也可以理解成由于。故选A。 【点睛】with 表示 “用…” 一般指有形的工具 / 手段 / 人体器官。     He broke the window with a stone.他用石头把玻璃打碎了。     He stopped the ball with his right foot.他用右脚把球停住。 24．—What kind of books do you like? —I like books science and technology. A．by B．at C．to D．on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么类型的书？——我喜欢科技方面的书。 考查介词辨析。by通过；at在……；to朝；on在……上，关于。根据“science and technology”可知，表示关于具体类别，用on连接，表示科技方面的书。故选D。 25．—Do you like rainy days? —Yes, I enjoy lying in bed and listening to the rain beating ________ the windows. A．through B．toward C．against D．among 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢雨天吗？——是的，我喜欢躺在床上，倾听雨打窗户的声音。 考查介词的用法。through通过；toward朝向；against紧靠，碰，撞；among在……中间。根据“the rain beating…the windows”可知雨水拍打着窗户要用against，故选C。 26．—This problem is far ________ my ability. I’m afraid I can’t work it out. —Don’t worry. We will help you. A．beyond B．beside C．behind D．more 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个问题远远超出了我的能力，恐怕我解决不了。——别担心，我们将帮助你。 考查介词和副词辨析。beyond超出（范围），介词；beside在……旁边，介词；behind在……后面，介词；more更多，副词比较级。根据“I’m afraid I can’t work it out.”可推知，问题远远超出了能力范围，应用beyond。故选A。 27． ________ the evening ________ May 19th, we arrived at the Bund. A．In;on B．On;on C．In;of D．On;of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在5月19日晚上，我们到达外滩。 考查介词用法。in后接某年某月某季节；on后接具体时间；of……的。“the evening…May 19th”是具体的时间，第一空应填on，排除A和C选项。第二空指“5月19日的晚上”，用介词of，表示“……的”，故选D。 28．Please don't go ________ me. I don't want to be here alone. A．with B．for C．to D．without 【答案】D 【详解】句意：请带我去，我不想一个人在这儿。 考查介词辨析。with和……一起；for对于；to不定式符号；without没有。根据后文“I don't want to be here alone.”说明说话人是想一起去的，原句有否定词“don't”，故应选“without”，双重否定表肯定。故选D。 29．Tian Yu, known  _______ a great designer in China, designed the mascots( 吉祥物) of 2019 Beijing World Expo. A．as B．of C．with D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国著名设计师田宇设计了2019年北京世博会吉祥物。 考查介词。as作为，以……的身份；of……的，属于；with和，带有，使用；for给，对于，为了。根据句意可知选A。 30．This kind of paper is made bamboo. A．from B．in C．of D．up 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种纸是用竹子制成的。 考查介词的固定搭配。be made from……制成，是指经过加工，不能直接看出原材料；be made in在……地方制造；be made of ……制成，是指不经过加工，能直接看出原材料；be made up of由……组成。竹子制成纸，需要加工且看不出原材料。故选A。 二、单词拼写 1．Tim spoke so quietly that he was asked to repeat ________ in the maths class. (he) 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：蒂姆说话声音太小了，数学课上他被要求重复自己的话。repeat为动词，后接反身代词作宾语，he的反身代词为himself，强调“他自己”，故填himself。 2．Once the repair is finished, I’m sure no other playground is better than ________. (we) 【答案】ours 【详解】句意：一旦修缮完成，我确信没有其他操场比我们的更好。此处指our playground“我们的操场”，应该用名词性物主代词指代，we的名词性物主代词为ours，故填ours。 3．Kunming, the capital of Yunnan, is known for ________ (it) comfortable weather. 【答案】its 【详解】句意：云南省会昆明以其舒适的天气而闻名。空格后的“comfortable weather”是名词短语，所以空格处应填it的形容词性物主代词its“它的”，用于修饰名词短语。故填its。 4．Don’t be too hard on ________. Just make sure you try your best. (you) 【答案】yourself 【详解】句意：不要对自己太苛刻。只要确保你尽了最大的努力。根据“Just make sure you try your best.”可知，只要确保你尽了最大的努力，此处应是指不要对自己太苛刻，应用反身代词yourself“你自己”。故填yourself。 5．In the face of danger, all the fighters were brave and n________ of them give up. 【答案】(n)one 【详解】句意：在危险面前，所有的战士都很勇敢，他们没有一个人放弃。根据首字母“n”以及“all the fighters were brave”可知，此处要表达“没有一个”的意思。none意为“没有一个（三者或三者以上）” ，常与“of”连用，“none of them”表示“他们中没有一个”，符合语境。故填(n)one。 6．I have two extra tickets. You can invite e________of the two friends to the concert. 【答案】(e)ither 【详解】句意：我有两张多余的票。你可以邀请这两个朋友中的任何一个去听音乐会。根据“You can invite... of the two friends to the concert.”和首字母可知，此处指邀请这两个朋友中的任何一个去听音乐会，应填either，意为“（两者中的）任何一个”。故填(e)ither。 7．As we all know, September is the ________ (九) month of the year. 【答案】ninth 【详解】句意：众所周知，九月是一年中的第九个月份。定冠词the后接序数词，“九”的序数词是ninth，意为“第九”，在句中作定语修饰month。 8．To everyone’s excitement, Jim was the ________ to cross the finish line. (one) 【答案】first 【详解】句意：令所有人兴奋的是，吉姆是第一个冲过终点线的人。根据“Jim was the…to cross the finish line”以及提示词可知，此处指“吉姆是第一个冲过终点线的人”，应用序数词first“”。故填first。 9．Today, many families in our country are planning to have a ________ (第二) child. 【答案】second 【详解】句意：如今，我国许多家庭计划要第二个孩子。“第二”second，序数词。故填second。 10．Although she is in her ________ (ninety), Tu Youyou still pays close attention to Chinese medical research. 【答案】nineties 【详解】句意：尽管屠呦呦已经九十多岁了，她仍然密切关注着中国的医学研究。根据“in her + 数词复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”的用法，结合所给词“ninety”，其复数形式是“nineties”。故填nineties。   11．Every year ________ (百万) of visitors go to see the main sights of some famous places. 【答案】millions 【详解】句意：每年都有数以百万计的游客去参观一些著名地方的主要景点。根据汉语提示可知，millions of“数以百万计的”，表示概数。故填millions。 12．Two ________ (three) of the water in the river is polluted. 【答案】thirds 【详解】句意：这条河里三分之二的水被污染了。根据“Two...of the water”可知，此处是指“三分之二”的水被污染。分数的表达为：分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数形式。分子是two，此时的分母应是序数词third的复数形式thirds。故填thirds。 13．All the students in our city go to school every day ________ (除了) weekends. 【答案】except 【详解】句意：除了周末，我们城市的所有学生都每天上学。except“除了”，介词。故填except。 14．In my hometown, there was a big tree _________ (在……对面) my house. 【答案】opposite 【详解】句意：在我的家乡，有一棵大树在我家对面。根据中文提示“在……对面”可知，此处应填表示“对面”的介词opposite，在句中作地点状语修饰big tree的位置。故填opposite。 15．She got the job t______ her hard work and excellent interview performance. 【答案】(t)hrough 【详解】句意：由于努力工作和出色的面试表现，她得到了这份工作。根据“her hard work and excellent interview performance.”，结合首字母提示可知，此处指的是她通过努力工作和出色的面试表现得到这份工作，所以此处应该填入介词through“凭借，通过”。填(t)hrough。 16．Row hard! Our boat is sailing a______ the wind. 【答案】(a)gainst 【详解】句意：用力划！我们的船正在逆风航行。根据“Row hard! Our boat is sailing...the wind.”及结合首字母可知，空处需填入介词against，表示“逆向”；sail against the wind表示“逆风航行”。故填(a)gainst。 17．I have searched everywhere, but my keys can’t be found t___________ now. 【答案】(t)ill 【详解】句意：我到处都找了，但到现在还是找不到我的钥匙。根据“now”和首字母可知，此处表示“直到现在”，应填“till”。“till”是介词或连词，表示时间上的“直到……”，在句中与“now”搭配，构成“till now直到现在”，符合语境。故填(t)ill。 18．Fish will die ________ (with) air or water. 【答案】without 【详解】句意：没有空气或水鱼会死。介词with表示“伴随”，此处需用without表示“没有”。die without sth“没有某物会死亡”，故填without。 19．You must finish the project _______（在……之内）the next two weeks. 【答案】within 【详解】句意：在接下来的两周内，你必须完成这个项目。within“在……之内”，介词，后面直接跟一段时间。 故填within。 20．I made friends with some Americans ________ (在……期间) my stay in New York. 【答案】during 【详解】句意：我在纽约逗留期间和一些美国人交了朋友。during“在……期间”，介词。故填during。 21．I’ve got three days’ holiday, ________ (包括) New Year’s Day. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：我有三天假期，包括新年。根据汉语提示和句法结构可知，设空处应填介词“including”表示“包括”。故填including。 22．—Would you please put this box ________ (在……之间) the desk and the wall? —No problem. 【答案】between 【详解】句意：——请你把这个盒子放在桌子和墙之间好吗？——没问题。根据英文句子及汉语提示可知，between…and…“在……和……之间”，固定词组。故填between。 23．Look at the picture and the words ________ (在……下面). What do you suppose he’d like to tell us? 【答案】below 【详解】句意：看这张图片和下面的文字，你认为他想告诉我们什么？据题汉语提示，此处需要填入“在……下面”的单词below，故填below。 24．These are not Alice’s glasses. Do you know ______ glasses they are? 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：这不是Alice的眼镜。你知道这是谁的眼镜吗？根据“These are not Alice’s glasses.”和首字母w可知，此处询问是谁的眼镜，whose“谁的”，故填whose。 25．________ (this)books are all for you, James. 【答案】These 【详解】句意：这些书都是给你的，詹姆斯。this“这个”，修饰单数名词；“books”是复数，故用these“这些”作定语进行修饰；句首首字母大写。故填These。 三、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案 。 Recently, our psychology teacher gave us a special task. It was to film a psychodrama (心理剧). A psychodrama is a play that tries to help students solve 1 problems. It helps students become 2 people than before. People use role-playing to deal with real-life difficulties. Psychodramas are popular at our school because the plays 3 by students. Students write plays about anything, from problems with studies 4 problems with friends. My group’s topic was friendship. I played a boy who had problems with the members of a dance group, 5 he finally saved their friendship after taking the advice of his classmates. My classmate Zhang Ming said, “After filming this psychodrama, I learned that communication is the key to good relationships, and I started 6 this in real life.” Some groups 7 at other problems. For example, one story was about a girl who didn’t do well in 8 test. Her parents might shout at her 9 , so she was afraid to tell her parents about the test. However, her teacher helped her by giving her advice on 10 to study and communicate with her parents. Another story showed how spreading gossip (流言蜚语) can hurt people. Many students said they learnt a lot from the stories. And those stories taught them how to make their lives more beautiful. 1．A．they B．them C．their 2．A．good B．better C．the best 3．A．is written B．are writing C．are written 4．A．to B．at C．for 5．A．so B．but C．or 6．A．to use B．to using C．used 7．A．will look B．looked C．has looked 8．A．a B．an C．/ 9．A．angry B．angrily C．anger 10．A．what B．why C．how 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了作者的心理课老师布置了拍摄心理剧的特殊任务，通过角色扮演帮助学生解决问题，大家从不同主题的心理剧中收获了成长。 1．句意：心理剧是一种帮助学生解决他们的问题的戏剧。 空后有名词problems，需用形容词性物主代词their修饰，意为“他们的问题”。 2．句意：它帮助学生变得比以前更好。 句中有比较级标志词than，需用形容词比较级better，意为“更好”。 3．句意：心理剧在我们学校很受欢迎，因为这些剧本由学生编写。 主语the plays和动词write是被动关系，且主语为复数，需用一般现在时被动语态are written，意为“被编写”。 4．句意：学生们写关于任何事的剧本，从学习问题到朋友问题。 固定搭配from…to…意为“从……到……”，用于介绍剧本的选材范围。 5．句意：我扮演一个和舞蹈队成员有矛盾的男孩，但是在听取同学建议后，他最终挽回了友谊。 前后句为转折关系，用but连接，意为“但是”。 6．句意：我学到了沟通是良好关系的关键，并且我开始在现实生活中运用这一点。 固定搭配start to do sth.意为“开始做某事”，需用不定式to use。 7．句意：一些小组关注其他问题。 全文时态为一般过去时，动词look需用过去式looked。 8．句意：例如，有一个故事是关于一个女孩在一次考试中表现不好。 test是可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，意为“一次”。 9．句意：她的父母可能会生气地对她大喊大叫，所以她不敢告诉父母考试的事。 修饰动词短语shout at需用副词angrily，意为“生气地”。 10．句意：然而，她的老师通过给她关于如何学习和与父母沟通的建议帮助了她。 固定搭配how to do sth.意为“如何做某事”，符合语境。 四、短文填空 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 John was born in 1838. When he turned 11 years old, he and his family moved to the United States from Scotland. They 1 (begin) a new life in Wisconsin that year. John showed his love of nature in his early years. He liked playing outdoors every day. He was also interested in working outdoors on his 2 (father) farm. When he was 29, John had 3 accident at work. The accident hurt his eyes. As a result, he missed looking at nature for months. 4 (lucky), he could see again. Later that year, John wanted 5 (spend) all his time learning about nature. He would travel in order to make his dream come true. First, John hiked 1,000 miles. He studied plants 6 animals. He then took a trip 7 ship. It was to learn 8 (many) about the world around him than ever. In 1869, John went to the Sierra Nevada mountains. He enjoyed 9 (he) climbing the mountains and wrote down what he saw. And he wrote about the animals and plants as well. By the time John turned 33, people were reading what he had written. They realized the 10 (important) of nature from John’s books. Many people understood and accepted his thoughts. John’s books are still read today. He is famous for his love of nature. 【答案】 1．began 2．father’s 3．an 4．Luckily 5．to spend 6．and 7．by 8．more 9．himself 10．importance 【导语】本文讲述了热爱自然的John的生平经历：他从苏格兰移居美国，经历意外后仍坚持探索自然、记录自然，最终通过著作让人们意识到自然的重要性。 1．句意：那年他们在威斯康星州开始了新生活。文章讲述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时。这里要填begin的过去式began，意为“开始”。 2．句意：他也对在父亲的农场里户外劳作感兴趣。空处修饰名词farm，表示所属关系，需用名词所有格。 3．句意：当他29岁时，John在工作中出了一场事故。空处泛指一场事故，且accident是元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an表示。 4．句意：幸运的是，他又能看见了。空处修饰句子，用副词形式。 5．句意：那年晚些时候，John想要把所有时间都花在学习自然上。want to do sth“想要做某事”，空处用不定式作宾语。 6．句意：他研究植物和动物。“plants”和“animals”是并列关系，用连词and连接。 7．句意：然后他乘船旅行。固定搭配by ship意为“乘船”，表示交通方式。 8．句意：这是为了比以往更多地了解他周围的世界。“than ever”表明需用比较级形式，many的比较级为more。 9．句意：他享受爬山的乐趣，并且写下他所看到的。enjoy oneself是固定短语，表示“玩得开心”，空处应用反身代词。 10．句意：他们从John的书中意识到自然的重要性。此处是“the+名词+of”的结构，空处应填名词形式。 五、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 ancient great science but cause invention it show on remember Zhang Heng was a famous scientist, astronomer (天文学家), and inventor who lived in China during the Eastern Han Dynasty. He made many important contributions to 1 and technology, and he is still 2 today for his great mind. One of Zhang Heng’s 3 inventions was the seismoscope (地动仪), a device that could detect (察觉) earthquakes. At that time, people did not understand what 4 earthquakes, but Zhang Heng’s seismoscope could 5 the direction of an earthquake even from far away. This was a huge achievement in 6 times. Besides his work 7 earthquakes, Zhang Heng also studied the stars and planets and improved the armillary sphere (浑天仪), a tool used to observe the sky. He believed that the moon did not produce 8 own light but reflected sunlight, which was a very advanced idea for that time. Zhang Heng was not only a scientist 9 also a talented poet and artist. His wide range of interests showed his creativity. Today, Zhang Heng is honored as one of the greatest scientists in Chinese history. His 10 and discoveries prove that ancient China was a land of innovation (创新) and wisdom. 【答案】 1．science 2．remembered 3．greatest 4．caused 5．show 6．ancient 7．on 8．its 9．but 10．inventions 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了我国东汉时期著名科学家、天文学家和发明家张衡的主要成就与贡献。 1．句意：他在科学技术领域做出了许多重要贡献。“…and technology”表示“科学与技术”，用science与其构成固定搭配“science and technology”。前文提到他是科学家、天文学家、发明家，所以他的贡献自然是在“科技”领域。 2．句意：至今仍因其卓越的才智而被人们铭记。“he is still…today”表示“至今仍被铭记”，用remember“铭记”；主语是“he”(张衡)，与“铭记”之间是被动关系，需要用被动语态“is remembered”。 3．句意：张衡最伟大的发明之一是地动仪。“One of Zhang Heng’s…inventions”表示最伟大的发明之一；“one of+限定词+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，结合备选词可知，此处用great的最高级形式greatest符合语境。 4．句意：当时人们并不了解地震的成因。what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，后面需要及物动词。“…earthquakes”意为“引起地震”，用cause“引起”；且“At that time”提示句子时态为一般过去时，此处用动词cause的过去式形式caused。 5．句意：而张衡的地动仪即使在地震发生地很远的地方，也能指示出地震的方向。前文已给出提示，地动仪是“a devicethat could detect earthquakes”。这里复现关键词，用show“指示，表明”表示“显示方向”；情态动词could后接动词原形，故填show。 6．句意：这是一种能够探测地震的装置。张衡是近两千年前的东汉时期的人物；且“in…times”表示“在古代”，用形容词ancient修饰times构成固定短语in ancient times“在古代”。 7．句意：除了在地震方面的研究。“Besides his work…earthquakes”表示除了在……方面的研究，用固定搭配work on表示“从事，关于……的研究”，故填on。 8．句意：他相信月亮本身不发光，而是反射太阳光，这一观点在当时非常超前。“…own light”意为“它自己的光”；the moon是单数名词，且是物，所以应该用物主代词its。 9．句意：张衡不仅是一位科学家，还是一位才华横溢的诗人与艺术家。“…also a talented poet and artist”表示“还是一位才华横溢的诗人与艺术家”；固定搭配not only…but also…表示“不仅……而且……”，用but。 10．句意：他的发明与发现证明，古代中国是一片充满创新与智慧的土地。“…and discoveries”表示发明与发现，此处用invention“发明”符合语境；and连接两个并列的名词，后半部分是discoveries，应用复数形式inventions。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $