专题06 完形填空押题(夹叙夹议) (天津专用) 2026年高考英语终极冲刺讲练测

专题06 完形填空押题(夹叙夹议)（天津卷专用） 命题透视 近五年天津高考完形填空记叙文呈现 "主题聚焦、考点稳定、素养导向"的鲜明特征，紧密贴合高考“立德树人”的核心目标，通过真实、温暖的故事载体，考查学生的语言运用能力与核心素养。夹叙夹议类完形填空的核心特点是"叙事为载体，议论为升华"，解题需遵循"先抓叙事脉络，再悟议论主旨，最后实现叙议呼应"的原则，通过精准把握故事情节与作者观点的关联，实现高效答题。 2021年第一次 主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。 动词(4)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(3)、介词(2) 人与社会 2021年第二次 作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。 动词(13)、名词(5)、形容词(4)、副词(1)、介词(2) 人与自我 2022年第一次 作者因腿受伤住院，在医院结识了一位乐观的老人。老人虽自身患病，却不断鼓励作者积极面对困难，这对作者产生了深远影响，让作者在困难时期感受到温暖和力量。 动词(7)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自我 2022年第二次 作者六年级学习单簧管时遇到困难，在老师严厉批评后想要放弃。后来在妈妈的引导下，作者决定面对恐惧，在老师帮助下解决问题，克服了恐惧心理，明白了面对恐惧能让生活更轻松愉快。 动词(7)、名词(4)、形容词(3)、副词(1)、代词(1) 人与自我 2023年第一次 作者在三十多岁时决定攀登乞力马扎罗山，在攀登过程中遇到了搬运工米克。米克身负重担却始终保持乐观积极的态度，他的态度对作者产生了巨大影响，让作者在面对生活中的困难时，会想起米克的微笑和积极态度。 动词(8)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自然 2023年第二次 在一个夏夜，作者一家在机场遇到一名乘客突然晕倒。作者身为医生的父母立刻救助，发现乘客低血糖急需糖分，在大家焦急时，小男孩麦加拿出士力架救了乘客。麦加此前独自飞行且很紧张，他奶奶为他准备了糖果。这次经历让作者见证了善良的力量。 动词(8)、名词(7)、形容词(2)、副词(1) 人与社会 2024年第一次 作者 23 岁求职失败，在另一次求职面试后得到经理反馈，意识到自己对工作缺乏热情。此后作者开始认真评估工作，明确求职动机，最终获得心仪的工作。多年后，作者作为面试官，也会给面试者反馈，鼓励自己的学员求职时寻求反馈，以避免犯错。 动词(7)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自我 2024年第二次 作者从四年级开始数学成绩不好，但努力跟上周围的同学。在十一年级学习最难的数学课时，遇到了迪娜老师。迪娜老师通过牛顿的名言激励学生，采用伙伴测试的教学方式，让作者明白学习的意义。虽然作者期末考试不及格，但老师的教导改变了作者面对挑战的态度，作者更加努力学习，迪娜老师对作者影响深远。 动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自我 2025年第一次 本文讲述钢琴调音师 Josiah Jackson 在机场发现一架破损的公共钢琴后，利用航班中转时间免费清理、调音，让钢琴恢复使用，相关视频在社交平台引发好评的故事，体现了他的公益精神与专业价值。 动词(11)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与社会 2025年第二次 本文以作者自身的篮球选拔经历为线索，讲述了自己原本笃定能进入篮球俱乐部A队，却意外被分到B队后陷入消沉，后来通过看到另一支球队后卫乐观鼓励队友的举动，幡然醒悟，将这次 “失意” 转化为锻炼领导力的契机，最终实现个人成长的故事，点明乐观心态是应对人生挫折、实现自我蜕变这一核心主旨。 动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(4)、副词(1) 人与自我 2026命题预测 主题选材：聚焦三大主题，凸显价值引领 主题严格围绕 人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大课标主题语境展开 考点分布：侧重动词名词，兼顾词类均衡 从考点词类分布来看，动词和名词是考查核心，合计占比超 70%，形容词、副词、介词等词类作为补充，体现了对“实词为主、虚词为辅”考查原则，重点考查学生对核心语义的精准把握。 情节设计：遵循 “挫折—— 转变——成长”叙事逻辑 近五年记叙文均采用经典的“冲突出现 ——应对过程—— 积极转变”三段式叙事结构，通过设置挫折、困境等冲突，展现人物的心理变化和行为选择，最终传递积极向上的价值观。 考点1 个人成长与励志 押题解读： 本文为正能量励志夹叙夹议文，以作者篮球选拔受挫、受他人启发后转变心态、主动担当并实现自我成长的校园经历为素材，紧密贴合高中生成长励志、挫折教育、责任担当类高频完形主题，严格遵循天津卷完形填空命题规律。文章实词占比90%以上，侧重考查上下文语境逻辑、情感态度转变、人物行为动机与情节推理，全程无纯语法考点、无超纲词汇与偏僻固定搭配，篇章词数约363词，符合天津卷高三完形篇幅标准，核心弘扬乐观面对困境、主动担当、在挫折中成长、突破自我的正向励志价值观。 Passage 1 主题：受队友启发主动担当领导强调乐观对克服困境的重要性 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：363 （2025·3月天津·高考真题）Life is a road full of minor inconveniences and major setbacks, which everyone faces, 1 wealth or social rank. That is why optimism, the ability to see the 2 side of every negative situation, is key to success. What made optimism so meaningful to me was when I 3 the A team of the basketball club for the upcoming season. I had always been the starting point guard, and my 4 on the A team was something I took for granted. However, I only made the B team, 5 I worked my hardest. I didn’t understand why until I saw the new A team, crowded with players that all 6 me. I had to give the B team a chance. But to my 7 , the play level was much lower than what I was used to. I lost the drive I’d had before and gradually became 8 . One day I came across a social media post of another basketball team, whose point guard was much more 9 than her teammates. When her teammates made multiple mistakes 10 , which cost them several points, I expected her to be upset, but 11 , she patted her teammates on the back and comforted them. As I watched her more, I noticed that she led her team, always 12 and uplifting her teammates. The realization hit me like lightning. What I thought was a 13 turned out to be a valuable opportunity, presenting a rare chance to develop 14 . So, I started using my 15 to be a leader for my team. When our coach needed a(n) 16 , I was the first to raise my hand. When my teammates needed help with a skill, I 17 taught them over and over again. My effort paid off as I 18 remarkably not just as a player, but as a person — something I could have never achieved on the A team. When facing challenges in life, some people 19 them with optimism, while others tend to complain. Optimism is a palette, with which you can paint your own light in the darkness, shelter in a storm, and most importantly, a better 20 of yourself! 1．A．regardless of B．due to C．but for D．apart from 2．A．commercial B．positive C．crucial D．practical 3．A．looked back on B．gave in to C．put up with D．tried out for 4．A．position B．focus C．comment D．impression 5．A．as if B．in case C．now that D．even though 6．A．ran into B．agreed with C．towered over D．saw through 7．A．relief B．confusion C．amazement D．disappointment 8．A．unmotivated B．disqualified C．determined D．engaged 9．A．amused B．advanced C．emotional D．familiar 10．A．to a degree B．as a rule C．in a row D．at a distance 11．A．instead B．meanwhile C．otherwise D．furthermore 12．A．evaluating B．interrupting C．encouraging D．interviewing 13．A．trick B．misfortune C．mistake D．conflict 14．A．reputation B．innovation C．leadership D．friendship 15．A．privacy B．experience C．schedule D．occupation 16．A．example B．announcement C．competitor D．donation 17．A．nervously B．patiently C．gratefully D．hesitantly 18．A．protested B．resigned C．developed D．emerged 19．A．create B．approach C．influence D．perform 20．A．appearance B．shape C．identity D．version 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者未入选篮球A队后失落，受另一球队控卫乐观鼓励队友的启发，在B队主动担当领导，最终实现个人成长，强调乐观对克服困境的重要性。 1．考查介词短语辨析。句意：生活是一条布满小麻烦和大挫折的漫长道路，每个人都会经历这样的过程，无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。A. regardless of不管，无论；B. due to因为；C. but for要不是；D. apart from除了……之外。根据后文“wealth or social rank”以及上文“which everyone faces”可知，每个人都会经历生活中的挫折，无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么乐观精神——即在每一种不利情况下都能看到积极面的能力——是取得成功的关键所在。A. commercial商业的；B. positive积极的；C. crucial重要的；D. practical实际的。根据上文“That is why optimism”可知，乐观精神指的是看到积极面的能力。故选B。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我觉得乐观精神如此重要的原因在于，当我参加即将开始的赛季中篮球队的A队选拔时。A. looked back on回顾；B. gave in to屈服于；C. put up with忍受；D. tried out for角逐，参加……的选拔。根据后文“the A team of the basketball club for the upcoming season”可知，作者要参加篮球队的选拔。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直担任首发控球后卫，所以我在A队的位置对我来说是理所当然的。A. position位置；B. focus集中；C. comment评论；D. impression印象。根据上文“I had always been the starting point guard”可知，此处指作者在球队中的位置。故选A。 5．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只入选了B队——尽管我全力以赴了。A. as if好像；B. in case万一；C. now that既然；D. even though即使。根据上文“I only made the B team”以及后文“I worked my hardest”可知为转折关系，even though引导让步状语从句。故选D。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到我看到新的A队阵容时，我才明白其中的原因，那队里全是身材比我高大的球员。A. ran into遇到；B. agreed with同意；C. towered over高耸在上方，在身高或能力上超越；D. saw through看透。根据上文“I only made the B team”以及“I saw the new A team, crowded with players that all”可知，作者只入选了B队，说明A队队员能力比作者出众。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令我感到失望的是，这队的水平远低于我以往的预期。A. relief安慰；B. confusion困惑；C. amazement惊讶；D. disappointment失望。根据后文“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，B队水平低于预期，作者感到失望。故选D。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我失去了之前拥有的动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。A. unmotivated不感兴趣的；B. disqualified不合格的；C. determined坚定的；D. engaged参与的。根据上文“I lost the drive I’d had before and gradually became”以及“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，作者因为失望，失去了动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在社交媒体上看到了一则关于另一支篮球队的帖子，该队的控球后卫比队友们的技术要高超得多。A. amused被逗乐的；B. advanced高超的，高级的；C. emotional情感的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“I noticed that she led her team”可知，可以带领队伍说明技术高超。故选B。 10．考查介词短语辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. to a degree在某种程度上；B. as a rule通常；C. in a row连续；D. at a distance远离。根据后文“which cost them several points”可知，失去不少分数说明连续出现错误，故选C。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. instead反而；B. meanwhile同时；C. otherwise否则；D. furthermore此外。根据上文“I expected her to be upset”以及后文“she patted her teammates on the back and comforted them.”可知，作者本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。instead表示“反而”符合语境。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我更仔细地观察她时，我发现她总是带领着她的团队，总是充满鼓励地激励着队友们。A. evaluating评估；B. interrupting打断；C. encouraging鼓励；D. interviewing采访。根据后文“and uplifting her teammates”可知，她总是鼓励和激励队友们。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的提升领导能力的机遇。A. trick诡计；B. misfortune倒霉事，不幸；C. mistake错误；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“However, I only made the B team”以及“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，作者一开始认为进入了B队是件倒霉事，故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的提升领导能力的机遇。A. reputation名誉；B. innovation创新；C. leadership领导；D. friendship友谊。根据后文“to be a leader for my team”可知，这次机会让作者提升领导能力。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我开始利用自己的经验来担任团队的领导者。A. privacy隐私；B. experience经验；C. schedule日程表；D. occupation职业。根据上文“I had always been the starting point guard”可知，作者开始利用自己的经验担任领导者。故选B。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的教练需要一个榜样时，我第一个举起了手。A. example榜样，例子；B. announcement公告；C. competitor竞争者；D. donation捐赠。根据后文“I was the first to raise my hand”以及上文“to be a leader for my team”可知，作者开始积极投入队伍建设，所以教练需要榜样的时候，自己第一个举手。故选A。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我的队友们在某项技能上需要帮助时，我便耐心地一遍又一遍地指导他们。A. nervously紧张地；B. patiently耐心地；C. gratefully感谢地；D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据后文“over and over again”可知，作者耐心指导队友。故选B。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的努力得到了回报，无论是作为球员还是个人，我都取得了显著的成长 —— 而这是我在A队永远无法实现的。A. protested抗议；B. resigned辞职；C. developed发展；D. emerged出现。根据上文“My effort paid off as I”可知，指作者的努力取得回报，作为球员取得了显著的进步，得到了发展，故选C。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在面对生活中的挑战时，有些人会以乐观的态度去应对，而另一些人则倾向于抱怨。A. create创造；B. approach应对，靠近；C. influence影响；D. perform表现。根据上文“When facing challenges in life”以及后文them指的是challenges，即以乐观的态度去应对挑战，故选B。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：乐观就像一盏调色盘，借助它，你可以在黑暗中描绘出属于自己的光芒，在风暴中找到庇护，而最重要的是，能塑造出一个更好的自己！A. appearance外表；B. shape形状；C. identity身份；D. version版本。根据上文“My effort paid off as”以及“something I could have never achieved on the A team”可知，作者因为乐观，在B队也取得了进步，即，乐观让作者成为了更好的自己，a better version of yourself此处表示“更出色的自己”。故选D。 锁定议论句，把握情感基调 夹叙夹议文的议论句（通常在开头、结尾或段落衔接处）直接点明文章主旨和作者的情感态度，是解题的 "锚点"。通过锁定这些议论句，可快速把握全文的情感倾向和核心观点，进而推断出符合主旨的选项。 【考例01--2025年天津6月考第 2题】That is why optimism, the ability to see the 2 side of every negative situation, is key to success. 2. A. commercial B. positive C. crucial D. practical 主旨定位：文章开头的议论句直接点明核心主题 ——“乐观（optimism）是成功的关键”，并对乐观进行定义：“在每一个负面情境中看到______面的能力”。 答案解析：B 选项“positive”（积极的）与“optimism”（乐观）的定义完全匹配，是对乐观精神的直接诠释；A 选项“商业的”、C 选项“关键的”、D 选项“实际的”均与“乐观”的核心语义无关。 【考例02--2025年天津6月考第 18题】Optimism is a palette (调色板), with which you can paint your own light in the darkness, shelter in a storm, and most importantly, a better 18 of yourself! 18. A. appearance B. shape C. identity D. version 主旨定位：文章结尾的议论句是对全文主旨的升华，将乐观比作调色板，强调其能帮助人们在困境中创造美好，最终实现自我提升。 答案解析：D 选项“version”（版本）构成“a better version of yourself”（更好的自己）的固定表达，契合“自我提升”的主旨；A 选项“外貌”、B 选项“形状”、C 选项“身份”均无法体现“通过乐观实现自我成长”的核心内涵。 一、完形填空障碍单词 1. optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/n. 乐观；乐观主义 2. inconvenience /ˌɪnkənˈviːniəns/n.不便；麻烦 3. setback /ˈsetbæk/n. 挫折；阻碍 4. rank /ræŋk/n. 地位；等级 5. upcoming /ˈʌpkʌmɪŋ/adj. 即将来临的 6. granted /ˈɡrɑːntɪd/adj. 理所当然的 7. drive /draɪv/n. 动力；干劲 8. multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl/adj. 多个的 9. uplifting /ˌʌpˈlɪftɪŋ/adj. 令人振奋的 10. realization /ˌriːəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 领悟 11. remarkably /rɪˈmɑːkəbli/adv. 显著地 12. shelter /ˈʃeltə/n. 庇护所 13. unmotivated /ʌnˈməʊtɪveɪtɪd/adj. 缺乏动力的 14. leadership /ˈliːdəʃɪp/n. 领导能力 15. patiently /ˈpeɪʃntli/adv. 耐心地 16. approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/vt. 应对；处理 17. version /ˈvɜːʃn/n. 版本；（自身）状态 18. commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/adj. 商业的 19. crucial /ˈkruːʃl/adj. 至关重要的 20. relief /rɪˈliːf/n. 宽慰 21. confusion /kənˈfjuːʒn/n. 困惑 22. reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/n. 名声 23. innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/n. 创新 24. occupation /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/n. 职业 二、完形填空障碍短语 1. regardless of 不管；无论 2. due to 因为；由于 3. but for 要不是 4. apart from 除了…… 之外 5. try out for 参加…… 选拔 6. tower over 超越；比…… 高大 7. in a row 连续；接连 8. pay off 得到回报；成功 9.take...for granted 认为…… 理所当然 10. starting point guard 首发控球后卫 考点2 致敬烈士家国情怀 押题解读： 本文为正能量励志夹叙夹议文，以B站年度弹幕“致敬”为切入点，结合老人数十年默默守护烈士墓园的平凡善举为素材，紧密贴合高中生家国情怀、平凡英雄、坚守奉献类高频完形主题，严格遵循天津卷完形填空命题规律。文章实词占比90%以上，侧重考查上下文语境逻辑、情感态度转变、人物品质提炼与价值观推理，全程无纯语法考点、无超纲词汇与偏僻固定搭配，篇章词数约350词，符合天津卷高三完形篇幅标准，核心弘扬致敬平凡英雄、坚守初心、默默奉献、坚韧执着的正向社会价值观。 Passage 1 主题：B站致敬烈士墓园守护人 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：294 In late 2025, the annual bullet screen on Bilibili was announced as “Salute”. It 1 millions of young people to honor ordinary people who light up the world with 2 efforts. I came across one such video by chance, which 3 my view on heroism and left a lasting impression. Many of us used to think heroes are those with superpowers or huge success. We often ignore the common people who keep going silently. But this warm video completely changed my understanding. The video was about an elderly volunteer who 4 a remote cemetery for decades. He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass, and 5 the tombstones for the martyrs. No cameras 6 him, no crowds cheered, and he never expected any 7 . He did all this just out of 8 and memory. At first, I thought it was a small, 9 job. Yet as the video went on, I was struck by his 10 . Every morning he arrived at dawn and 11 until dusk. He refused offers of help, saying he could 12 the task on his own. When asked why he insisted, he simply replied, “They 13 for us. I should do this for them.” His simple words touched millions of viewers. The bullet screens were 14 with “Salute”. I realized that real heroes are not 15 found in legends or headlines. They are ordinary people who choose to 16 when no one is watching. They do the right thing 17 praise or reward. This spirit is what we call 18 — the ability to stand firm and keep going through years. It is a quiet strength that 19 the world. The video didn’t have amazing scenes, but it 20 my heart and taught me what really counts in life. 1．A．reminded B．inspired C．allowed D．promised 2．A．slight B．brave C．constant D．extra 3．A．shaped B．replaced C．balanced D．mixed 4．A．built B．guarded C．visited D．found 5．A．polished B．covered C．painted D．buried 6．A．feared B．followed C．served D．trusted 7．A．profit B．fortune C．recognition D．progress 8．A．curiosity B．pride C．interest D．respect 9．A．dull B．funny C．popular D．formal 10．A．intelligence B．patience C．confidence D．honesty 11．A．rested B．wandered C．worked D．waited 12．A．carry out B．take away C．give up D．put off 13．A．fought B．waited C．applied D．prepared 14．A．covered B．filled C．equipped D．faced 15．A．gradually B．suddenly C．naturally D．usually 16．A．hide B．escape C．persist D．reform 17．A．beyond B．without C．against D．for 18．A．dignity B．grace C．resilience D．wisdom 19．A．supports B．disturbs C．controls D．entertains 20．A．warmed B．hurt C．calmed D．opened 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了B站年度弹幕“致敬”背后的故事，通过一位老人默默守护烈士墓园的事迹，让作者明白真正的英雄往往是在无人关注时坚守的普通人。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它激励数百万年轻人向那些用不懈努力照亮世界的普通人致敬。A. reminded提醒；B. inspired激励；C. allowed允许；D. promised承诺。根据前文“the annual bullet screen on Bilibili was announced as “Salute””以及后文“young people to honor ordinary people who light up the world”可知，年度弹幕“Salute(致敬)”起到了“激励”年轻人的作用。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它激励数百万年轻人向那些用不懈努力照亮世界的普通人致敬。A. slight轻微的；B. brave勇敢的；C. constant持续的、不懈的；D. extra额外的。根据后文“The video was about an elderly volunteer who a remote cemetery for decades”讲述老人数十年如一日守护墓园可知，这些普通人用“持续不懈的”努力照亮了世界，值得向他们致敬。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我偶然看到了这样一个视频，它影响了我对英雄主义的看法，给我留下了深刻的印象。A. shaped塑造、影响；B. replaced取代；C. balanced平衡；D. mixed混合。根据后文“But this warm video completely changed my understanding”可知，这个视频改变了作者的认知，“影响”了作者对英雄主义的看法。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频讲述了一位老年志愿者数十年来守护着一个偏远的墓园。A. built建造；B. guarded守护；C. visited拜访；D. found发现。根据后文“He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass”可知，老人是在“守护”这个墓园。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他保持场地清洁，修剪草坪，擦拭烈士的墓碑。A. polished擦拭、擦亮；B. covered覆盖；C. painted绘画；D. buried埋葬。结合前文“kept the place clean”和常识可知，老人会“擦拭”墓碑来保持整洁。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有摄像机关注他，没有人群欢呼，他也从不期待任何认可。A. feared害怕；B. followed跟随、对……产生浓厚兴趣而关注；C. served服务；D. trusted信任。根据前文“remote cemetery”以及后文“no crowds cheered”可推知，老人的行为无人关心，没有摄像机“关注”和记录他的行为。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有摄像机关注他，没有人群欢呼，他也从不期待任何认可。A. profit利润；B. fortune财富；C. recognition认可；D. progress进步。根据前文“no crowds cheered”以及后文“He did all this just out of and memory”可推知，老人做这些不是为了得到别人的“认可”。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做这一切只是出于尊重和怀念。A. curiosity好奇心；B. pride自豪；C. interest兴趣；D. respect尊重。根据后文老人说的“They for us. I should do this for them”可知，老人是出于对烈士的“尊重”才这么做的。故选D项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我觉得这是一份不重要的枯燥工作。A. dull枯燥的；B. funny有趣的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. formal正式的。根据前文“small”和老人日常的工作内容可推知，一开始作者觉得这份工作是不重要的，是“枯燥的”。故选A项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着视频的推进，我被他的耐心打动了。A. intelligence智慧；B. patience耐心；C. confidence自信；D. honesty诚实。根据前文“The video was about an elderly volunteer who a remote cemetery for decades”和后文“Every morning he arrived at dawn and until dusk”可知，老人数十年如一日做这份工作，体现了他的“耐心”。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天黎明时分到达，一直工作到黄昏。A. rested休息；B. wandered漫步；C. worked工作；D. waited等待。根据前文“He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass, and the tombstones”和“a small, job”可知，老人是在墓园“工作”。故选C项。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他拒绝了别人的帮助，说自己能独自完成这项任务。A. carry out完成、执行；B. take away拿走；C. give up放弃；D. put off推迟。根据前文“He refused offers of help”可知，老人认为自己能独自“完成”任务，所以不需要帮助。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么坚持这么做时，他简单地回答：“他们为我们战斗过。我应该为他们做这件事。”A. fought战斗；B. waited等待；C. applied申请；D. prepared准备。根据前文“the martyrs”可知，这些是为人们“战斗”过的烈士。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：弹幕上满是“致敬”。A. covered覆盖；B. filled充满；C. equipped配备；D. faced面对。根据前文“His simple words touched millions of viewers”以及文章开头提到的B站年度弹幕是“致敬”可知，被感动的观众发的弹幕“充满”了“致敬”；be filled with“充满”。故选B项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到真正的英雄通常不是在传说或头条新闻中找到的。A. gradually逐渐地；B. suddenly突然地；C. naturally自然地；D. usually通常地。根据后文“They are ordinary people who choose to when no one is watching”可知，真正的英雄“通常”不在传说或头条里，而是普通人。故选D项。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们是在无人关注时选择坚守的普通人。A. hide隐藏；B. escape逃跑；C. persist坚持、坚守；D. reform改革。根据前文“He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass, and the tombstones for the martyrs. No cameras him, no crowds cheered”描述的老人在无人关注的情况下，数十年坚持守护墓园的事迹可知，真正的英雄是在无人注视时选择“坚守”的普通人。故选C项。 17．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们做正确的事，不求赞美或回报。A. beyond超出；B. without没有；C. against反对；D. for为了。根据前文“no crowds cheered, and he never expected any ”提到老人不期待任何认可可知，这些普通人做正确的事是不图赞美和回报的，用介词without表示“没有”。故选B项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种精神就是我们所说的韧性——在岁月中坚定立场、坚持下去的能力。A. dignity尊严；B. grace优雅；C. resilience韧性；D. wisdom智慧。根据后文“the ability to stand firm and keep going through years”可知，这种在岁月中坚持的能力是“韧性”。故选C项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种支撑着世界的无声力量。A. supports支撑；B. disturbs打扰；C. controls控制；D. entertains娱乐。根据前文“ordinary people who light up the world with efforts”以及老人的事迹带来的感动可知，普通人这种坚守的无声力量“支撑”着世界。故选A项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频没有惊人的场景，但它温暖了我的心，教会了我生命中真正重要的东西。A. warmed温暖；B. hurt伤害；C. calmed使平静；D. opened打开。根据前文“this warm video”可知，这个视频“温暖”了作者的心。故选A项。 关联叙事情节与议论观点 夹叙夹议文中的叙事情节是为议论观点服务的，二者存在紧密的逻辑呼应。通过分析某一情节对应的议论观点，或某一观点对应的叙事案例，可快速锁定符合逻辑的选项，实现 "叙议互证"。 【考例01--2025年天津6月考第 13题】The realization hit me like lightning. What I thought was a 13 turned out to be a valuable opportunity... 13. A. trick B. misfortune C. mistake D. conflict 叙议呼应：前文叙事部分讲述作者 "努力却未能进入篮球 A 队，只能加入 B 队" 的经历，这在作者最初的认知中是 "挫折"；而此处议论句通过 "turned out to be a valuable opportunity"（原来是宝贵的机会）形成转折，说明作者对这段经历的认知从 "负面" 转变为 "正面"。 答案解析：B 选项“misfortune”（不幸、挫折）与后文“valuable opportunity”（宝贵机会）构成反义呼应，符合作者认知转变的逻辑；A 选项“骗局”、C 选项“错误”、D 选项“冲突”均无法准确描述“未能进入 A 队”这一挫折经历。 【考例02--2025年天津6月考第 14题】...presenting a rare chance to develop 14 . 14. A. reputation B. innovation C. leadership D. friendship 叙议呼应：后文叙事部分详细描述作者“主动承担责任、帮助队友训练”的行为，最终实现“not just as a player, but as a person”的成长；同时，前文提到另一支球队的后卫 "鼓励队友、带领团队" 的表现，正是作者学习的榜样。 答案解析：C 选项“leadership”（领导力）与后文作者的行为和成长形成精准呼应，符合“从挫折中获得成长机会”的议论主旨；A 选项“名声”、B 选项“创新”、D 选项“友谊”均与文中“带领团队、帮助队友”的核心情节不符。 一、完形填空障碍单词 1. salute /səˈluːt/n./v. 致敬，敬礼 2. bullet /ˈbʊlɪt/n. 子弹；弹幕 3. constant /ˈkɒnstənt/adj. 持续的，不懈的 4. heroism /ˈherəʊɪzəm/n. 英雄主义 5. remote /rɪˈməʊt/adj. 偏远的 6. cemetery /ˈsemətri/n. 墓地，墓园 7. martyr /ˈmɑːtə(r)/n. 烈士 8. polish /ˈpɒlɪʃ/v. 擦拭，擦亮 9. recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/n. 认可，赞誉 10. dull /dʌl/adj. 枯燥的，无趣的 11. persist /pəˈsɪst/v. 坚持，坚守 12. resilience /rɪˈzɪliəns/n. 韧性，坚韧 13. dignity /ˈdɪɡnəti/n. 尊严 14. grace /ɡreɪs/n. 优雅，风度 15. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/n. 智慧 16. slight /slaɪt/adj. 轻微的 17. emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənl/adj. 情感的 18. reform /rɪˈfɔːm/v. 改革，改进 二、完形填空障碍短语 1. carry out 执行，完成 2. take away 拿走，夺走 3. put off 推迟 4. by chance 偶然，碰巧 5. leave a lasting impression 留下持久印象 6. be filled with 充满 7. stand firm 坚定立场 8. light up the world 照亮世界 9. out of respect 出于尊重 10. on one’s own 独自 考点3 生活经历与感悟 押题解读： 本文为生活哲理类夹叙夹议文，以作者搬家后整理书架、从追求极致有序到坦然接受无序的个人生活经历为素材，紧密贴合高中生日常生活感悟、自我和解类高频完形主题，严格遵循天津卷完形填空命题规律。文章实词占比 90% 以上，侧重考查上下文语境逻辑、情感态度转变、生活哲理推理与细节词义辨析，全程无纯语法考点、无超纲词汇与偏僻固定搭配，篇章词数约 470 词，符合天津卷高三完形篇幅标准，核心弘扬接纳不完美、与生活和解、拥抱鲜活日常的正向生活价值观。 Passage 1 主题：坦然接受书架的无序状态 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：470 It’s hard for me to remember now the exact moment when my ambition for order died. About three years ago my family moved into a new house, and among its selling points was a study with a pre-installed 1 . Just after the movers departed, I 2 separated the fiction from the non-fiction, arranging the books alphabetically (按字母顺序地) by author. Everything seemed 3 , but that didn’t last long. I recently went 4 for my copy of Lydia Davis’s Essays, a collection of non-fiction that turned up 5 sideways on a shelf where the works of Philip Roth first took up 6 . This invasion would have been unthinkable when I first moved in, and the search itself 7 more shelving chaos: Biographies now lie in memoirs and short-story collections; oversized novels rest on top of the carefully shelved, cooperatively sized trade paperbacks (统一规格的平装书). The late French novelist Georges Perec understood the 8 of shelving. In his Brief Notes on the Art and Manner of Arranging One’s Books, Perec’s discussion of the many 9 for handling your personal library only shows how 10 the task is. You could, for instance, agree only to keep 365 books in your library — buy one book, 11 one. But then, he writes, you’d have to decide what a “book” is. Is a three-volume series one book or three? Maybe it’s better to 12 365 authors instead of books. But then some books are anonymous (匿名的), and some don’t make sense without others in the same category. Perec died in 1982, with more than 1,800 books in his home library. We can 13 books alphabetically, but also by region, color, publication date, genre and more. But either way, Perec insists, we are doomed (注定) to 14 . That’s partly because any one book has so many different ways to be uncooperative. Sometimes a book 15 via size. Where do I put Chris Ware’s Building Stories, published in a board-game-sized box? And increasingly, shelving by genre is a(n) 16 . Where does the autofiction or cross-genre novels go? I had a hard time finding that Davis book, and though there were things to regret during the search, there were also things to 17 , such as the books I fondly remember. Since May 2021, I’ve been doing writing consultations over Zoom (视频会议) through a public library, which means 18 my messy shelves to public examination. I know that everybody is too polite to say anything about it. But if 19 did, I’d just tell them what Perec knew all along — a(n) 20 library is a dead one, and I’ll accept a little chaos as proof of my living. 1．A．bookshelves B．cupboard C．lamp D．carpet 2．A．equally B．honestly C．tidily D．casually 3．A．awkward B．fair C．obvious D．perfect 4．A．grabbing B．hunting C．browsing D．probing 5．A．stuffed B．displayed C．preserved D．separated 6．A．challenge B．foundation C．residence D．storage 7．A．concluded B．justified C．revealed D．separated 8．A．anxiety B．pleasure C．success D．threat 9．A．desires B．methods C．occasions D．requests 10．A．rewarding B．stunning C．impossible D．regretful 11．A．add up to B．break away from C．get rid of D．look down on 12．A．deal with B．refer to C．stick with D．turn down 13．A．advertise B．categorize C．criticize D．standardize 14．A．conflict B．exchange C．exposure D．failure 15．A．applies B．expresses C．negotiates D．resists 16．A．headache B．honor C．highlight D．luxury 17．A．discover B．report C．repair D．investigate 18．A．attaching B．devoting C．exposing D．reducing 19．A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody 20．A．neat B．normal C．odd D．stable 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己搬家后整理书架、从追求极致整洁到逐渐变得杂乱的经历为切入点，结合法国小说家乔治·佩雷克对整理书籍的看法，阐释了整理私人藏书这一行为的复杂性与无解性，最终感悟到整洁的书架毫无生气，些许的杂乱反而印证着生活的鲜活，坦然接受了书架的无序状态。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约三年前，我们家搬进了一所新房子，它的卖点之一就是一间带有预装书架的书房。A. bookshelves书架；B. cupboard橱柜；C. lamp台灯；D. carpet地毯。根据后文“separated the fiction from the non-fiction, arranging the books alphabetically by author”的细节，可知书房里的设施与摆放书籍相关，预装的应是书架，“bookshelves”符合语境，故选A。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：搬家工人刚走，我就把小说和非小说类书籍整齐地分好，按作者的字母顺序排列。A. equally平等地；B. honestly诚实地；C. tidily整齐地；D. casually随意地。根据后文“arranging the books alphabetically by author”的细致整理方式，可知作者是将书籍摆放得十分整齐，“tidily”贴合这种整理状态，符合语义，故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切看起来都很完美，但这种状态并没有持续多久。A. awkward尴尬的、别扭的；B. fair公平的；C. obvious明显的；D. perfect完美的。根据前文作者将书籍分类、按序摆放的细致操作，以及后文的转折“that didn’t last long”，可知起初整理后的状态是十分完美的，“perfect”符合语境，故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近我找莉迪亚·戴维斯的《随笔集》，这本非小说集被胡乱塞在一个书架上，而这个位置原本是菲利普·罗斯的作品的专属位置，书还侧着放。A. grabbing抓住；B. hunting寻找；C. browsing浏览；D. probing探究、调查。根据后文“the search itself”的表述，可知此处指作者寻找这本书的过程，“hunt for”为固定搭配，意为“寻找、搜寻”，符合语义，故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近我找莉迪亚·戴维斯的《随笔集》，这本非小说集被胡乱塞在一个书架上，而这个位置原本是菲利普·罗斯的作品的专属位置，书还侧着放。A. stuffed塞、填满；B. displayed展示；C. preserved保存；D. separated分开。根据后文“sideways on a shelf”以及“shelving chaos”的语境，可知这本书被随意地塞在书架上，摆放状态杂乱，“stuffed”能体现这种随意塞放的状态，符合语义，故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近我找莉迪亚·戴维斯的《随笔集》，这本非小说集被胡乱塞在一个书架上，而这个位置原本是菲利普·罗斯的作品的专属位置，书还侧着放。A. challenge挑战；B. foundation基础；C. residence居住处、专属区域；D. storage储存。根据前文“the works of Philip Roth”以及后文的“invasion”，可知这个书架原本是菲利普·罗斯作品的专属摆放区域，莉迪亚·戴维斯的书放进来属于“侵占”，“residence”在此处可引申为“专属区域”，符合语境，故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我刚搬进来的时候，这种“侵占”是难以想象的，而这次寻找本身也暴露了更多书架的杂乱状况：传记混在回忆录和短篇小说集里；大开本的小说堆在摆放整齐、规格统一的平装书上。A. concluded得出结论；B. justified证明……合理；C. revealed暴露、揭示；D. separated分开。根据后文“oversized novels rest on top of the carefully shelved, cooperatively sized trade paperbacks”对书架杂乱状况的具体描述，可知作者的这次寻找过程，让书架的各种杂乱问题显现了出来，“revealed”符合“寻找过程暴露问题”的逻辑，故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：已故法国小说家乔治·佩雷克深谙整理书架的焦虑。A. anxiety焦虑；B. pleasure愉悦；C. success成功；D. threat威胁。根据后文“our personal library only shows how 　　　the task is”，可知整理书籍过程中出现的各种难以解决的问题，所以整理书架这件事会让人产生焦虑，“anxiety”贴合后文的语境，故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在《整理书籍的艺术与方式简记》中，佩雷克探讨了打理私人藏书的多种方法，却恰恰说明这项任务是多么难以完成。A. desires渴望；B. methods方法；C. occasions场合；D. requests要求。根据后文“You could, for instance, agree only to keep 365 books in your library”的举例，可知此处指佩雷克探讨了整理书籍的不同方法，“methods”符合语境，故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在《整理书籍的艺术与方式简记》中，佩雷克探讨了打理私人藏书的多种方法，却恰恰说明这项任务是多么难以完成。A. rewarding有回报的；B. stunning令人震惊的；C. impossible不可能的、难以完成的；D. regretful后悔的。根据后文佩雷克对各种整理方法的质疑，比如“you’d have to decide what a “book” is”可知，即便有多种整理方法，整理书籍的任务依旧难以完成，“impossible”贴合这种“方法再多也无法解决问题”的语境，故选C。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，你可以同意你的书房里只保留365本书——买一本，扔一本。A. add up to总计达；B. break away from脱离；C. get rid of摆脱、扔掉；D. look down on轻视。根据前文“only to keep 365 books in your library”的前提，可知要维持书籍数量不变，买新的就需要扔掉旧的，“get rid of”符合这一逻辑，故选C。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许最好是坚持限定365位作者，而不是365本书。A. deal with处理；B. refer to参考、提及；C. stick with坚持；D. turn down拒绝、调低。根据前文对“365本书”这一方法的质疑以及前文“it’s better to”和后文“365 authors instead of books”，可知此处提出新的方法——限定365位作者，建议坚持这一方法，“stick with”符合语境，故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以按字母顺序给书籍分类，也可以按地区、颜色、出版日期、体裁等分类。A. advertise做广告；B. categorize分类、归类；C. criticize批评；D. standardize使标准化。根据后文“by region, color, publication date, genre and more”的表述，可知这些都是给书籍分类的不同方式，“categorize”符合语义，故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但佩雷克坚持认为，无论哪种方式，我们注定会失败。A. conflict冲突；B. exchange交换；C. exposure暴露；D. failure失败。根据后文“That’s partly because any one book has so many different ways to be uncooperative”解释原因，可知因为书籍本身存在各种难以协调的问题，所以无论用哪种方法整理，最终都会失败，“failure”符合语境，故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时一本书会因尺寸问题难以被规整摆放。A. applies应用；B. expresses表达；C. negotiates协商；D. resists抗拒、拒不配合。根据后文“Where do I put Chris Ware’s Building Stories, published in a board-game-sized box?”的举例，可知有些书籍因特殊的尺寸，无法被顺利地整理摆放，也就是“抗拒”被规整，“resists”贴合语义，故选D。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且越来越多的是，按体裁分类摆放成了一件令人头疼的事。A. headache令人头疼的事；B. honor荣誉；C. highlight亮点；D. luxury奢侈品。根据后文“Where does the autofiction or cross-genre novels go?”的问题，可知跨界体裁、自传体小说这类书籍，无法被准确归到某一体裁中，按体裁整理因此成了难题，令人头疼，“headache”符合语境，故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我费了很大劲才找到那本戴维斯的书，虽然在寻找的过程中有一些遗憾的事，但也有一些新的发现，比如那些我满怀深情记起的书。A. discover发现；B. report报道；C. repair修理；D. investigate调查。根据后文“such as the books I fondly remember”的表述，可知作者在杂乱的书架中寻找书籍时，意外发现了那些自己怀念的书，这是寻找过程中的收获，“discover”符合语义，故选A。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2021年5月以来，我一直通过公共图书馆的视频会议提供写作咨询，这意味着我的杂乱书架要暴露在公众的视线中。A. attaching附上；B. devoting致力于；C. exposing暴露；D. reducing减少。根据前文“doing writing consultations over Zoom”以及后文“my messy shelves to public examination”，可知视频会议时，作者的书架会被他人看到，即暴露在公众视线中，“expose...to...”为固定搭配，意为“将……暴露于……”，符合语境，故选C。 19．考查代词词义辨析。句意：但如果有人真的提了（书架杂乱的问题），我会告诉他们佩雷克一直都明白的道理——整洁的书架是毫无生气的，我愿意接受些许的杂乱，以此证明我生活的鲜活。A. nobody没有人；B. somebody某个人；C. everybody每个人；D. anybody任何人。根据前文“I know that everybody is too polite to say anything about it”的表述，可知大家都出于礼貌不会提及书架的杂乱，此处是假设“某个人”提及这一问题的情况，“somebody”符合这种假设语境，故选B。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果有人真的提了（书架杂乱的问题），我会告诉他们佩雷克一直都明白的道理——整洁的书架是毫无生气的，我愿意接受些许的杂乱，以此证明我生活的鲜活。A. neat整洁的；B. normal正常的；C. odd奇怪的；D. stable稳定的。根据后文“I’ll accept a little chaos as proof of my living”的表述，可知作者将“整洁的书架”与“些许杂乱的书架”对比，认为整洁的书架是没有生气的，“neat”与“chaos”形成反义对应，符合语境，故选A。 区分叙事逻辑与议论逻辑 夹叙夹议文存在双重逻辑：叙事逻辑（围绕时间、因果、转折等展开，描述事件发展）和议论逻辑（围绕观点、态度、感悟等展开，表达作者思考）。通过区分这两种逻辑，可针对不同语境选择符合逻辑的选项。 【考例01--2025年天津6月考第 5题】However, I only made the B team, 5 I worked my hardest. 5. A. as if B. in case C. now that D. even though 逻辑分析：本句属于叙事逻辑，描述作者“努力”与“未能进入 A 队”之间的转折关系。“worked my hardest”（尽最大努力）与“only made the B team”（只进入 B 队）形成语义上的反差，需要转折连词连接。 答案解析：D 选项“even though”（尽管）引导让步状语从句，符合“努力却未达预期”的转折叙事逻辑；A 选项“好像”、B 选项“以防”、C 选“既然”均无法体现这种转折关系。 【考例02--2025年天津6月考第 19题】When facing challenges in life, some people 19 them with optimism,while others tend to complain. 19. A. create B. approach C. influence D. perform 逻辑分析：本句属于议论逻辑，通过对比两种人面对挑战的不同态度，强化 "乐观" 的主旨。空格处动词需与“challenges”（挑战）搭配，体现“面对挑战”的语义，与后文“complain”（抱怨）形成态度对比。 答案解析：B 选项“approach”（应对、处理）与“challenges”搭配，准确表达“以乐观态度应对挑战”的议论逻辑；A 选项“创造”、C 选项“影响”、D 选项“执行”均无法与“挑战”构成合理搭配，不符合议论语境。 一、完形填空障碍单词 1. ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/n. 追求；抱负 2. pre-installed /ˌpriː ɪnˈstɔːld/adj. 预装的 3. depart /dɪˈpɑːt/v. 离开；出发 4. alphabetically /ˌælfəˈbetɪkli/adv.按字母顺序地 5. sideways /ˈsaɪdweɪz/adv. 斜着；侧向地 6. invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒn/n. 侵占；闯入 7. memoir /ˈmemwɑː(r)/n. 回忆录 8. cooperative /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/adj. 配合的 9. anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/n. 焦虑；烦恼 10. anonymous /əˈnɒnɪməs/adj. 匿名的；无名的 11. categorize /ˈkætəɡəraɪz/v. 分类；归类 12. genre /ˈʒɒnrə/n. 体裁；类型 13. doomed /duːmd/adj. 注定的 14. uncooperative /ˌʌnkəʊˈɒpərətɪv/adj.不配合的 15. consultation /ˌkɒnslˈteɪʃn/n. 咨询；磋商 16. messy /ˈmesi/adj. 杂乱的；凌乱的 17. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/adj. 尴尬的；别扭的 18. justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/v. 证明…… 合理 19. standardize /ˈstændədaɪz/v. 使标准化 20. stable /ˈsteɪbl/adj. 稳定的；固定的 二、完形填空障碍短语 1. hunt for 寻找；搜寻 2. take up residence 占据专属位置 3. get rid of 摆脱；丢弃 4. stick with 坚持；固守 5. deal with 处理；应对 6. refer to 参考；提及 7. turn down 拒绝；调低 8. add up to 总计；达到 9. break away from 脱离；摆脱 10. look down on 轻视；看不起 11. expose…to… 使…… 暴露于…… 12. in chaos 处于混乱中 Passage 1 主题：在教练的鼓励下加入越野队学会关注自我突破 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：358 I never truly understood the meaning of “peer pressure” until I joined the cross-country team in my freshman year. The training was 1 than I had imagined. Every morning, we were expected to 2 for training before the sun was up. Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed and 3 . I started to doubt my own ability to 4 . One rainy morning, I was particularly 5 . My legs felt heavy, and I was falling far behind the rest. The thought of just stopping and going home felt like a better 6 . Just then, our coach, Mr. Evans, jogged up beside me. “Stop looking at them,” he said, his voice calm but firm. “You’re not running their race. You need to find your own 7 .” His words were simple, but they struck me. I had been so focused on 8 myself to others that I had forgotten why I started running in the first place. It wasn’t to be the best on the team; it was to 9 my own limits and get stronger. From that day on, I chose a different 10 . I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me and started celebrating my own 11 , however small. Over time, running became less of a 12 and more of a joy. I didn’t become the fastest runner, but I became the best 13 of myself. This lesson went far beyond the running track. In group projects or when studying for exams, I learned to work in my own 14 , without being 15 by what others were achieving. Now, whenever I see a teammate struggling with 16 , I share Mr. Evans’s advice. But true success comes from following your own path. This experience taught me an important life lesson: your journey is 17 . Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions 18 your own inner voice. Life isn’t about 19 against everyone else; it’s about winning against who you were yesterday — finding joy in small steps forward, and pride in how far you’ve come. And that is a journey everyone can 20 . 1．A．clearer B．faster C．smoother D．tougher 2．A．turn up B．check in C．show off D．go ahead 3．A．out of date B．out of place C．out of mind D．out of work 4．A．hang out B．set off C．keep up D．calm down 5．A．nervous B．confident C．upset D．energetic 6．A．future B．choice C．chance D．deal 7．A．goal B．answer C．talent D．duty 8．A．committing B．revealing C．devoting D．comparing 9．A．feel B．remove C．test D．set 10．A．role B．attitude C．rule D．environment 11．A．story B．journey C．worth D．progress 12．A．habit B．community C．philosophy D．struggle 13．A．version B．form C．type D．luck 14．A．order B．style C．group D．time 15．A．frightened B．discouraged C．puzzled D．annoyed 16．A．doubt B．motivation C．change D．concentration 17．A．endless B．precious C．beautiful D．unique 18．A．hold back B．speak out C．pipe up D．tone down 19．A．guarding B．turning C．competing D．defending 20．A．plan B．conclude C．appreciate D．pause 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．B 16．A 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者加入越野队后，在教练的鼓励下学会关注自我、突破自我并领悟人生道理的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练比我想象的要艰难得多。A. clearer更清晰的；B. faster更快的；C. smoother更平滑的；D. tougher更艰难的。根据后文“Every morning, we were expected to ______ for training before the sun was up. Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”可知，每天早上都要在太阳升起前开始训练。且看到其他跑步者又快又熟练，作者感到尴尬，说明训练比想象的要艰难。故选D。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天早上，我们都要在太阳升起前到场参加训练。A. turn up出现，到场；B. check in登记；C. show off炫耀；D. go ahead继续。根据后文“for training before the sun was up”可知，到场训练要在太阳升起前。故选A。 3．考查介词短语辨析。句意：看到所有其他跑步者都那么快、那么熟练，我感到尴尬和格格不入。A. out of date过时的；B. out of place格格不入，不自在；C. out of mind心不在焉；D. out of work失业。根据上文“Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed and”可知，作者觉得自己和别人差距大，感到不自在、格格不入。故选B。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始怀疑自己是否有能力跟上。A. hang out闲逛；B. set off出发；C. keep up跟上；D. calm down冷静。根据上文“I started to doubt my own ability to”以及后文“The thought of just stopping and going home felt like a better”作者想要放弃，可推测作者怀疑自己是否能跟上其他跑步者。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的早晨，我特别沮丧。A. nervous紧张的；B. confident自信的；C. upset沮丧的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“My legs felt heavy, and I was falling far behind the rest.”可知，作者腿很沉，远远落在后面，所以作者很沮丧。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：停下来回家的想法感觉是个更好的选择。A. future未来；B. choice选择；C. chance机会；D. deal交易。根据上文“The thought of just stopping and going home felt like a better”可知，作者很沮丧，觉得停下来回家的想法感觉是个更好的选择。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你需要找到你自己的目标。A. goal目标；B. answer答案；C. talent才能；D. duty责任。根据后文“It wasn’t to be the best on the team; it was to ______ my own limits and get stronger.”可知，此处指找到自己的目标，不是成为团队中最好的，而是测试自己的极限，变得更强。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直太专注于将自己与他人进行比较，以至于忘记了最初为什么开始跑步。A. committing承诺；B. revealing揭示；C. devoting致力于；D. comparing比较。根据前文“Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”和后文“myself to others”、“I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me”可知，此处指将自己与他人进行比较。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它不是为了成为团队中最好的；而是为了测试自己的极限，变得更强。A. feel感觉；B. remove去除；C. test测试；D. set设置。根据后文“my own limits and get stronger”可知，跑步是为了测试自己的极限，变得更强。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我选择了不同的态度。A. role角色；B. attitude态度；C. rule规则；D. environment环境。根据后文“I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me and started celebrating my own”可知，作者不再关注前面的跑步者，即选择了不同的态度。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再关注前面的跑步者，而是开始庆祝自己的进步，无论多么微小。A. story故事；B. journey旅行；C. worth价值；D. progress进步。根据前文“I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me and started celebrating my own”和后文“however small”可知，此处指作者庆祝自己的进步，无论多么微小。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，跑步不再是一种挣扎，而是一种快乐。A. habit习惯；B. community社区；C. philosophy哲学；D. struggle挣扎。根据前文“running became less of a”和后文“and more of a joy”可知，跑步从一种挣扎变成了一种快乐。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有成为最快的跑步者，但我成为了最好的自己。A. version版本；B. form形式；C. type类型；D. luck运气。根据后文“of myself”可知，此处指成为最好的自己，即自己的最佳版本。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在小组项目或备考时，我学会了以自己的方式做事，而不被别人的成就所气馁。A. order命令；B. style方式；C. group团体；D. time时间。根据前文“I learned to work in my own”和后文“without being ______ by what others were achieving”可知，作者学会了不被别人的成就所气馁，此处指以自己的方式做事。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在小组项目或备考时，我学会了以自己的方式做事，而不被别人的成就所气馁。A. frightened使害怕；B. discouraged使气馁；C. puzzled使困惑；D. annoyed惹恼。根据前文“Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”和后文“by what others were achieving”可知，此处与前文形成对比，指不被别人的成就所气馁。故选B。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我看到队友在怀疑中挣扎时，我都会分享埃文斯先生的建议。A. doubt怀疑；B. motivation动机；C. change改变；D. concentration集中。呼应上文“I started to doubt my own ability”指作者看到队友在怀疑中挣扎。故选A。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但真正的成功来自于走自己的路。这段经历给了我重要的人生教训：你的旅程是独一无二的。A. endless无尽的；B. precious宝贵的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. unique独特的，独一无二的。根据后文“Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions”可知，不要让别人的意见影响自己，说明每个人的旅程都是独一无二的。故选D。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要让别人的意见阻碍你内心的声音。A. hold back阻碍；B. speak out大声说出；C. pipe up突然插话；D. tone down缓和。根据前文“Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions”和后文“your own inner voice”可知，此处指不要被外界意见压制内心想法，不要让别人的意见阻碍自己内心的声音。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活不是与每个人竞争；而是要战胜昨天的你——在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲。A. guarding守卫；B. turning转弯；C. competing竞争；D. defending防御。根据后文“against everyone else; it’s about winning against who you were yesterday”可知，生活是在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲，所以生活不是与每个人竞争。故选C。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一段每个人都能欣赏的旅程。A. plan计划；B. conclude总结；C. appreciate欣赏；D. pause暂停。根据上文“finding joy in small steps forward, and pride in how far you’ve come”可知，在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲，说明这是一段每个人都能欣赏的旅程。故选C。 Passage 2 主题：感悟大学是包容试错大胆尝试的成长时光 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：461 I first began to wonder what I was doing on a college campus when my parents left me standing pitifully in a parking lot. The fact was that no matter how 1 I liked to consider myself, I was feeling just a bit first-gradish. 2 to my concern was the impression that everyone on campus was watching me. My plan was to keep my mouth 3 and hope no one would notice I was a 4 . The next morning, I marched in my first class and opened my Collection of American literature. “Welcome to Biology,” the professor began. I searched for my 5 and found I was in the wrong room. Leave in the middle of the lecture? Wouldn’t the 6 be angry? I knew everyone would 7 . Forget it. I settled into my chair and 8 the scientific pose of a biology major. After class I hurried to the canteen. I was heading for the salad bar 9 I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup. Just as I tried to move, my food tray (托盘) tipped and I lost my 10 . As my bottom met the floor, I saw my entire life pass before my eyes. How nice it would be if no one had noticed! But as all the students there came to their feet, table by table, cheering and clapping, I knew they had not only noticed, they were 11 that I would never forget it. For three days I ate junk food alone. On the fourth day I needed some real food. I made my way through the food line and tiptoed to a table, where I collapsed in 12 . Suddenly I heard a crash that sounded 13 . I looked up to see that another poor student slipped. My heart went out to him as people began to cheer and clap as they had for me. He got up, hands held high above his head in a victory clasp, grinning. He didn’t slide out as I had expected. 14 , he turned around and began preparing another tray. And that’s when I realized I had been taking myself too 15 . Who cared whether I dropped a tray or whether I 16 in the wrong lecture? Nobody. 17 was not so important in college. Once I recognized that I had no one’s 18 to live up to but my own, I relaxed and began to view college as a wonderful experiment. I tried on new experiences like articles of clothing, checking their 19 and judging their worth. College, I decided, was probably the only time I would be completely 20 for mistakes. So I used the opportunity to make all the ones I thought I’d never make. 1．A．academic B．positive C．mature D．genuine 2．A．Adding B．Adapting C．Committing D．Sticking 3．A．full B．shut C．wide D．open 4．A．senior B．professional C．junior D．freshman 5．A．assignment B．textbook C．appointment D．schedule 6．A．classmates B．assistant C．professor D．director 7．A．leave B．yell C．stare D．clap 8．A．put on B．set aside C．gave away D．took off 9．A．before B．when C．while D．until 10．A．chance B．speed C．balance D．nerve 11．A．determined B．surprised C．disappointed D．ashamed 12．A．amazement B．alarm C．anxiety D．relief 13．A．strange B．fascinating C．familiar D．reasonable 14．A．Instead B．Moreover C．Still D．However 15．A．kindly B．seriously C．personally D．modestly 16．A．set out B．broke down C．signed up for D．showed up 17．A．Attendance B．Appearance C．Perfection D．Discipline 18．A．criticisms B．promises C．suggestions D．expectations 19．A．fit B．location C．story D．procedure 20．A．recognized B．forgiven C．praised D．blamed 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者初入大学接连出糗倍感窘迫，见同学滑倒后坦然面对才醒悟，大学无需追求完美，是包容试错、可大胆尝试的成长时光。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实是，无论我自认为有多成熟，心里却感觉自己像个刚上一年级的小学生一样。A. academic学业的，学校的；B. positive积极乐观的，自信的；C. mature成熟的，理智的；D. genuine真的，名副其实的。根据后文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可知，作者当时的感觉是一年级小学生，比较稚嫩；且设空句“no matter how ______”应是表达让步转折，所选应是“稚嫩”的反义词“mature”。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我更忧心的是，我总觉得校园里的所有人都在盯着我看。A. Adding添加；B. Adapting适应，改编；C. Committing承诺，投入；D. Sticking坚持，粘贴。根据前文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可知，作者已感到窘迫，后文“everyone on campus was watching me”的想法进一步加重了这种担忧。“add to…”有“增加，加剧”含义。故选A项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的计划是闭上嘴巴，希望没人能发现我是个大一新生。A. full满的；B. shut关闭的；C. wide宽的，常修饰具体事物；D. open开放的，敞开心扉的。根据前文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可推知，作者是大学一年级新生，而又害怕被发现是新生，所以计划“闭上嘴巴”，少说话避免出错。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的计划是闭上嘴巴，希望没人能发现我是个大一新生。A. senior高年级学生，大四学生，长辈；B. professional专业人士，职业选手；C. junior低年级学生，大三学生，晚辈；D. freshman大一新生，新手。根据前文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可推知，作者是大学一年级新生。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我赶紧翻找课程表，这才发现自己进错了教室。A. assignment作业，任务，分配；B. textbook课本，教科书；C. appointment预约，约会，任命；D. schedule日程表，课程表，安排。根据后文“found I was in the wrong room”可推知，作者在教授报出科目之后，查看了课程表，发现自己进错了教室。故选D项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：教授会不会生气呢？A. classmates同学；B. assistant助手，助教；C. professor教授；D. director主任，主管，导演。根据前文“Leave in the middle of the lecture?”可推知，教授已经开始讲课，中途离开，作者担心教授会生气。故选C项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道所有人都会盯着我看。A. leave离开，留下，放弃；B. yell大喊，尖叫，呼喊；C. stare凝视，盯着看；D. clap拍手，鼓掌，轻拍。根据前文“Leave in the middle of the lecture?”可推知，教授已经开始讲课，中途离开的话，会引人注目。故选C项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我坐在椅子上，假装摆出生物专业学生的专业模样。A. put on穿上，假装，增加（体重）；B. set aside留出，搁置，把……放一边；C. gave away赠送，泄露，分发；D. took off脱下，（飞机）起飞。根据前文“I settled into my chair(我坐到了椅子上)”可推知，作者没有离开，而是坐在椅子上上课，同时结合前文“found I was in the wrong room”可推知，作者并不是生物学专业的学生，因此，“生物学专业学生的姿态”是假装出来的。A项“put on”有“摆出（某种姿态），假装”含义。故选A项。 9．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我正走向沙拉区，突然一不小心踩进了一大滩番茄酱里。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时；C. while当……时，然而；D. until直到……为止。分析前后语境可知，“I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup.”为时间状语从句，从句动作与主句动作“was heading for”同时发生，从句动作为短暂性动作，应是用“when”引导从句。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刚想挪步，餐盘就歪了，我也一下子失去了平衡。A. chance机会，可能性；B. speed速度；C. balance平衡；D. nerve勇气，神经。根据前文“I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup”可推知，踩到了番茄酱有滑倒的可能，即失去平衡（lose one’s balance）。故选C项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可当所有学生都一桌接一桌地站起来，欢呼鼓掌时，我知道他们不仅看到了，还决意要让我永远记住这个瞬间。A. determined坚定的，下定决心的；B. surprised惊讶的，意外的；C. disappointed失望的，沮丧的；D. ashamed羞愧的，惭愧的。根据前文“But as all the students there came to their feet, table by table, cheering and clapping”可推知， 所有学生都站起来欢呼鼓掌，这让已经摔倒在地的作者对这件事情“铭记于心”了，由此推知，这里可用“be determined that…(决定要做某事)”，表达“其他学生决意要让作者永远记住这个窘迫的瞬间”。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我挤过排队打饭的队伍，踮着脚走到一张桌子前，在那里我松了一口气。A. amazement惊讶，诧异；B. alarm警报，恐慌；C. anxiety焦虑，忧虑；D. relief宽慰，解脱。根据上文“made my way through the food line and tiptoed to a table”可知，作者在经历了尴尬之后，挤出人群，松了一口气。故选D项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我听到一声碰撞声，那声音听着格外熟悉。A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. fascinating迷人的，极具吸引力的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. reasonable合理的，公道的，通情达理的。分析语境可知，这里的“sound(声音)”应是指后文“another poor student slipped”提及的“摔倒的声音”，作者对此很熟悉。故选C项。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他转过身，开始重新准备另一个托盘。A. Instead反而，代替；B. Moreover此外，而且；C. Still仍然；依旧；D. However然而，但是。根据前文“He didn’t slide out as I had expected.(他没有像我预料的那样溜出去。)”以及后文“he turned around and began preparing another tray”可推知，作者本以为这个滑倒的学生会像自己一样悄悄溜走（前文作者的做法），但他反而转过身去重新准备托盘，可用“instead”否定了作者的预期，表“取而代之的行为”。故选A项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我意识到自己之前一直把一切看得太较真了。A. kindly亲切地，仁慈地，好心地；B. seriously认真地，严重地；C. personally亲自地，就个人而言；D. modestly谦虚地，谦逊地。根据前文“he turned around and began preparing another tray”可推知，这位像作者一样滑倒的学生，并没有溜出去，而是转过身去重新准备托盘，这种坦然让作者意识到自己之前太较真了，把一次出糗看得过于重要。“take sth seriously”，意为“认真对待某事”，符合语境。故选B项。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：谁会在意我摔了餐盘，或是走错了教室呢？A. set out出发，动身，着手做；B. broke down出故障，分解，崩溃（情绪）；C. signed up for报名参加（课程、活动等）；D. showed up出现，露面，到场。根据后文“in the wrong lecture”可推知，这里对应前文 “走错生物课” 的经历。“show up”有“出现，到场”含义。故选D项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：完美，在大学里并没有那么重要。A. Attendance出席，出勤；B. Appearance外貌，出现，露面；C. Perfection完美，极致；D. Discipline纪律，自律，学科。根据前文“Who cared whether I dropped a tray or whether I ________ in the wrong lecture? Nobody.”可知，在作者看来，这些小失误在大学里是允许的，无需要求完美，不出错。故选C项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到，除了自己的期许，我不必去达到任何人的期望时，我终于放松下来，开始把大学看作一场奇妙的尝试。A. criticisms批评，指责；B. promises承诺，诺言；C. suggestions建议，提议；D. expectations期望，期待。根据后文动词“live up to”可推知，这里应是“不辜负某人的期望”。故选D项。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我像试穿衣服一样尝试各种新经历，感受其中的适配与否，衡量它们的价值。A. fit适合，合身，健康；B. location位置，地点，场所；C. story故事，经历，情节；D. procedure程序，手续，步骤。根据前文“I tried on new experiences like articles of clothing”可知，作者将尝试新经历比作“试穿衣服”，试衣服的核心是看是否合身。故选A项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认定，大学或许是我唯一一段犯了错也能被彻底原谅的时光。A. recognized认可，认出，意识到；B. forgiven原谅，宽恕；C. praised表扬，称赞；D. blamed责备，指责。根据前文“Who cared whether I dropped a tray or whether I ________ in the wrong lecture? Nobody.”可知，在作者看来，失误在大学里是允许的，可以被原谅。故选B项。 Passage 3 主题：感悟名字承载的文化意义与身份联结 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：315 I’ve grown used to the pause when someone hears my name — Goodluck — and looks at me with 1 or curiosity. “Wait, is that really your name?” “How do you spell it?” It’s something I didn’t think would require a lot of 2 . Back in Nigeria, this never happened. Names like Precious, Beauty, Grace, were 3 . Mine was just another name in the system. I didn’t 4 how different my name was until I traveled to the United States to continue my education when I was 19 years old. That was when “Goodluck” started to 5 . I thought it would be easy to remember — 6 , it’s something people say to each other. But 7 recognition, it was met with repetition and disbelief. I had to repeat it countless times and 8 that I was not joking. But I also felt a sense of 9 ; I never had to change my name to 10 , to replace it with something that won’t be “damaged” when pronounced. I’ve met people who 11 the names their families gave them just to avoid the 15-minute pronunciation 12 . While I understood their reasons, it made me more proud that I didn’t have to 13 . In Nigerian culture, names are more than words — they’re 14 . Some 15 the circumstances of birth, while others are blessings or even prayers for the child’s future. Mine remains a 16 . I’ve never asked why my parents chose it. To me, the meaning isn’t something I need answered 17 — it’s meant to be discovered as I grow. What started as just a name has become a part of me. It’s also one of the few things I’ve carried 18 . In a new country, my name has become a 19 that connects me to my roots, a reminder that home isn’t 20 — it’s something I carry with me. 1．A．excitement B．disappointment C．confusion D．satisfaction 2．A．translation B．intention C．description D．explanation 3．A．common B．exceptional C．accessible D．smart 4．A．understand B．realize C．doubt D．wonder 5．A．stand out B．come about C．get down D．go away 6．A．in theory B．in consequence C．after all D．above all 7．A．apart from B．instead of C．in spite of D．up to 8．A．inform B．determine C．ensure D．insist 9．A．confidence B．intelligence C．gratitude D．belonging 10．A．show off B．fit in C．hold on D．catch up 11．A．pick B．accept C．earn D．drop 12．A．lesson B．analysis C．investigation D．direction 13．A．negotiate B．compromise C．evaluate D．offend 14．A．desires B．missions C．messages D．predictions 15．A．illustrate B．reflect C．highlight D．fascinate 16．A．trend B．coincidence C．reflection D．mystery 17．A．eventually B．accurately C．gradually D．immediately 18．A．unchanged B．disqualified C．empowered D．involved 19．A．clue B．thread C．signal D．trick 20．A．turned down B．left behind C．broke up D．set aside 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．B 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者从尼日利亚到美国后，因名字引发的文化差异体验，以及名字承载的文化意义与身份联结。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经习惯了别人听到我的名字Goodluck时的停顿，以及他们带着困惑或好奇看着我。A. excitement兴奋；B. disappointment失望；C. confusion困惑；D. satisfaction满意。根据上文“the pause when someone hears my name”及下文““Wait, is that really your name?” “How do you spell it?””可知，人们听到这个名字时是疑惑的。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本觉得这不需要太多解释。A. translation翻译；B. intention意图；C. description描述；D. explanation解释。根据上文“I didn’t think”及下文“Back in Nigeria, this never happened”可知，作者未曾料想到自己需要对名字做过多说明。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在尼日利亚，这种事从未发生过。像Precious、Beauty、Grace这样的名字很常见。A. common常见的；B. exceptional例外的；C. accessible可获得的；D. smart聪明的。根据上文“Back in Nigeria, this never happened”及下文“Mine was just another name in the system.”可知，这类名字在作者的老家并不稀奇。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到19岁去美国继续学业，我才意识到我的名字有多特别。A. understand理解；B. realize意识到；C. doubt怀疑；D. wonder想知道。根据下文“until I traveled to the United States to continue my education”及“it was met with repetition and disbelief”可知，作者是到了美国才察觉到名字的特殊性。故选B。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也就是从那时起，Goodluck这个名字开始引人注目。A. stand out引人注目；B. come about发生；C. get down下来；D. go away离开。根据下文“it was met with repetition and disbelief”及“I had to repeat it countless times and ____ that I was not joking”可知，美国人对Goodluck这个名字的反应体现出它开始变得突出、受关注。故选A。 6．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我以为它会很容易记住，毕竟，这是人们互相会说的话。A. in theory理论上；B. in consequence因此；C. after all毕竟；D. above all首先。根据上文“I thought it would be easy to remember”及下文“it’s something people say to each other”的前后逻辑可知，此处是解释名字容易记的原因——它本身是常用语，after all用于补充说明理由。故选C。 7．考查介词短语辨析。句意：但它得到的不是认可，而是重复和怀疑。A. apart from除了；B. instead of而不是；C. in spite of尽管；D. up to多达。根据下文“recognition”及“it was met with repetition and disbelief”可知，实际情况与被认可相反。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不无数次重复它，并坚称我不是在开玩笑。A. inform通知；B. determine决定；C. ensure确保；D. insist坚持。根据上文“I had to repeat it countless times”及下文“that I was not joking”可知，作者需要反复强调这一点。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也心怀一份感激：我从来不需要为了融入而改名，不需要换成一个发音时不会“出错”的名字。A. confidence自信；B. intelligence智力；C. gratitude感激；D. belonging归属感。 根据下文“it made me more proud that I didn’t have to”及作者对自己名字承载文化意义的认同可知，作者对自己无需改名、能保留名字的独特性这件事心怀感激。故选C。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我也心怀一份感激：我从来不需要为了融入而改名，不需要换成一个发音时不会“出错”的名字。A. show off炫耀；B. fit in融入；C. hold on坚持；D. catch up追上。根据下文“just to avoid the 15-minute pronunciation ____”可知，他人改名是为了适应、融入环境。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过一些人，他们放弃了家人给的名字，只是为了避免15分钟的发音课程。A. pick挑选；B. accept接受；C. earn赚得；D. drop丢，放弃。根据下文“just to avoid the 15-minute pronunciation __12__”可知，这些人不再使用原来的名字。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过一些人，他们放弃了家人给的名字，只是为了避免15分钟的发音课程。A. lesson课程；B. analysis分析；C. investigation调查；D. direction方向。根据上文“repeat it countless times”可推知，此处指每次需要解释名字发音的过程像课程一样耗时。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我理解他们的理由，但我为自己不必妥协而更自豪。A. negotiate协商；B. compromise妥协；C. evaluate评估；D. offend冒犯。根据上文“I never had to change my name”可知，作者没有做出让步。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在尼日利亚文化中，名字不只是词语，它们还是信息。A. desires渴望；B. missions任务；C. messages信息；D. predictions预测。根据下文“the circumstances of birth”及“blessings or even prayers for the child’s future”可知，名字承载着特定含义。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些反映出生的境遇，而另一些则是对孩子未来的祝福甚至祈祷。A. illustrate说明；B. reflect反映；C. highlight强调；D. fascinate使着迷。根据上文“names are more than words”及下文“the circumstances of birth”可知，名字是对出生情况的体现。故选B。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的名字仍然是个谜。A. trend趋势；B. coincidence巧合；C. reflection反思；D. mystery谜。根据下文“I’ve never asked why my parents chose it”可知，作者不知道名字的由来。故选D。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，它的意义不是我需要立刻知道的，它注定要在我成长过程中被发现。A. eventually最终；B. accurately准确地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. immediately立刻。根据下文“it’s meant to be discovered as I grow”可知，作者不需要马上知道名字的意义，而是在成长过程中去探索去发现。故选D。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它也是我为数不多的、一直未改变的东西之一。A. unchanged未改变的；B. disqualified不合格的；C. empowered被赋予权力的；D. involved参与的。根据上文“I never had to change my name”可知，名字是作者保留下来的、未改变的事物。故选A。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个新的国家，我的名字成了联结我血脉根源的纽带，它时刻提醒我：家从未远去，而是与我如影随形。A. clue线索；B. thread线，贯穿的主线；C. signal信号；D. trick诡计。根据下文“connects me to my roots”可知，名字是一种联结的纽带。故选B。 20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个新的国家，我的名字成了联结我血脉根源的纽带，它时刻提醒我：家从未远去，而是与我如影随形。A. turned down拒绝；B. left behind抛下；C. broke up破裂；D. set aside留出。根据下文“it’s something I carry with me”可知，此处是指家并没有因作者离开故国而被抛下。故选B。 Passage 4 主题：CEO将自己的爱好转变为成功事业的励志故事 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：305 Most of us probably have a few hours a week that we can devote to our entertainment or hobbies. What if you could transform your 1 into a career? As the old saying goes, “If you find a job you love, you will 2 work a day in your life.” But the saying is a little too 3 for Peter, CEO of Fossil Realm. Peter’s hobby of 4 fossil began in high school. His parents worked at the Royal Ontario Museum and set up a nature summer camp, so he showed a(n) interest in natural history. Peter recalls saving his 5 at 13 to attend a mineral trade show in Detroit where he 6 a few pieces of fossil, including a trilobite (三叶虫) from Morocco. Returning home in Canada, he 7 to sell all of the pieces for a profit. This 8 success led to his more trips south, and 9 Peter began auctioning (拍卖) his finds online. The business helped to 10 him through college. And by graduation, he opened his own ecommerce store, Fossil Realm and couldn’t 11 doing anything else. Running Fossil Realm is really a(n) 12 business; however, he says, “Though your business just centers on your 13 , that doesn’t mean it’ll 14 easily, nor will it necessarily been enjoyable or fulfilling.” His Fossil Realm has 15 his business, including many museum-quality finds, such as an ichthyosaur (鱼龙) skeleton 16 at $195,000. But the 17 of his success is that he never loses a childhood 18 about fossils. Peter’s success tells us that the important 19 outside of your skill and confidence is the capacity to focus on ideas that you feel passionate about. Having passion will push you to 20 something you love and transform that love into action. 1．A．journey B．hobby C．purpose D．task 2．A．permanently B．ever C．usually D．never 3．A．simplistic B．common C．normal D．strange 4．A．learning B．keeping C．collecting D．showing 5．A．time B．energy C．allowance D．treasure 6．A．discovered B．purchased C．touched D．created 7．A．managed B．promised C．recalled D．pretended 8．A．temporary B．constant C．fresh D．initial 9．A．freely B．exactly C．eventually D．fortunately 10．A．direct B．fund C．acquire D．reward 11．A．picture B．analyse C．shape D．fashion 12．A．surprising B．rising C．inspiring D．rewarding 13．A．ability B．career C．entertainment D．future 14．A．show off B．take off C．put off D．get off 15．A．expanded B．changed C．formed D．controlled 16．A．brought B．valued C．praised D．awarded 17．A．reason B．approach C．root D．attitude 18．A．desire B．dream C．record D．enthusiasm 19．A．potential B．ingredient C．preference D．media 20．A．memorize B．seize C．pursue D．invest 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Fossil Realm公司的CEO彼得如何将自己的爱好——收集化石——转变为成功事业的励志故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你能把你的爱好转变成职业会怎样？A. journey旅程；B. hobby爱好；C. purpose目的；D. task任务。根据前文“our entertainment or hobbies”和后文讲述的彼得将化石收藏爱好转变为事业可知，此处是讨论将“爱好”转化为职业。故选B项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：正如那句老话所说：“如果你找到一份你热爱的工作，你一生中就一天都不用工作了。”A. permanently永久地；B. ever曾经；C. usually通常；D. never从不。根据前文“If you find a job you love”可推知，如果找到喜欢的工作，就永远不会觉得是在工作。故选D项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对彼得来说，这句格言有点过于简单化了。A. simplistic过于简单化的；B. common常见的；C. normal正常的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文彼得对将爱好转化为事业的艰辛的描述可知，他会觉得这句格言把事情想得“过于简单了”。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得收藏化石的爱好始于高中。A. learning学习；B. keeping保持；C. collecting收藏；D. showing展示。根据后文“he showed a(n) interest in natural history”和“Peter recalls saving his 5 at 13 to attend a mineral trade show in Detroit where he 6 a few pieces of fossil, including a trilobite from Morocco.”可知，他对自然史感兴趣，爱好是“收藏”化石。故选C项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得回忆说，他13岁时攒下零花钱去参加底特律的一个矿物交易会，在那里他购买了几块化石，包括一只来自摩洛哥的三叶虫。A. time时间；B. energy精力；C. allowance零花钱；D. treasure财富。根据前文“saving”和青少年的常见收入来源可知，是攒“零花钱”。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得回忆说，他13岁时攒下零花钱去参加底特律的一个矿物交易会，在那里他购买了几块化石，包括一只来自摩洛哥的三叶虫。A. discovered发现；B. purchased购买；C. touched触摸；D. created创造。根据前文“attend mineral trade show”和后文“a few pieces of fossil”可推知，他攒下零花钱在交易会上“购买”化石。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到加拿大的家后，他设法把所有东西都卖掉赚了钱。A. managed设法做到；B. promised承诺；C. recalled回忆；D. pretended假装。根据后文“to sell all of the pieces for a profit.”和“This 8 success”可推知，他成功地“设法”卖掉所有化石并获利；manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”。故选A项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这最初的(倒卖)成功促使他更多次南下，最终，彼得开始在网上拍卖他的发现。A. temporary临时的；B. constant持续的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. initial最初的。根据前文讲述这是他第一次买卖化石并获利，所以这是“最初的”成功。故选D项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这最初的(倒卖)成功促使他更多次南下，最终，彼得开始在网上拍卖他的发现。A. freely自由地；B. exactly确切地；C. eventually最终；D. fortunately幸运地。根据前文“more trips south”和后文“began auctioning his finds online”可知，这是一个发展的结果，从线下交易到“最终”开始线上拍卖。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这门生意帮助他支付了大学学费。A. direct指导；B. fund为……提供资金；C. acquire获得；D. reward奖励。根据前文他的化石生意和后文“through college”可推知，生意收入“资助”他完成了大学学业。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到毕业时，他开设了自己的电商商店Fossil Realm，并且无法想象再做其他任何事情。A. picture想象；B. analyse分析；C. shape塑造；D. fashion使成形。根据前文“The business helped to 10 him through college. And by graduation, he opened his own ecommerce store Fossil realm ”和后文“doing anything else”可推知，彼得喜欢化石，并在化石生意上已经小有成就，所以大学毕业后无法“想象”自己会去从事其他工作。故选A项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经营Fossil Realm确实是一门回报丰厚的生意，然而，他说：“尽管你的生意仅仅围绕着你的娱乐爱好，但这并不意味着它会很容易成功，也不一定就会充满乐趣或带来满足感。”。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. rising上升的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. rewarding有回报的，赚钱的。根据前文“The business helped to 10 him through college.”和后文“such as an ichthyosaur skeleton 16 at $195,000”可知，生意帮助他支付了大学学费，且商品价格昂贵，所以生意是“有回报的”。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经营Fossil Realm确实是一门回报丰厚的生意，然而，他说：“尽管你的生意仅仅围绕着你的娱乐爱好，但这并不意味着它会很容易成功，也不一定就会充满乐趣或带来满足感。”A. ability能力；B. career事业；C. entertainment娱乐；D. future未来。根据第一段“we can devote to our entertainment or hobbies”和前文他的生意源于收藏化石的“爱好”(也是一种娱乐)可知，彼得说自己的生意围绕“娱乐，爱好”展开， entertainment为原词复现。故选C项。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：经营Fossil Realm确实是一门回报丰厚的生意,然而，他说：“尽管你的生意仅仅围绕着你的娱乐爱好，但这并不意味着它会很容易成功，也不一定就会充满乐趣或带来满足感。”A. show off炫耀；B. take off起飞，成功；C. put off推迟；D. get off下车。根据前文“that doesn’t mean it’ll”和后文“easily”可知，生意不会轻松成功。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的Fossil Realm已经拓展了他的业务，包括许多博物馆级别的发现，例如一具估价为19.5万美元的鱼龙骨架。A. expanded扩展；B. changed改变；C. formed形成；D. controlled控制。根据后文“including many museum-quality finds”可知，生意范围“扩展”了。故选A项。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的Fossil Realm已经拓展了他的业务，包括许多博物馆级别的发现，例如一具估价为19.5万美元的鱼龙骨架。A. brought带来；B. valued估价；C. praised赞扬；D. awarded授予。根据“at $195,000”可知，是对鱼龙骨架进行“估价”。故选B项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他成功的根源在于他从未失去童年时对化石的热情。A. reason理由；B. approach方法；C. root根源；D. attitude态度。根据后文“he never loses a childhood 18 about fossils”可知，童年时对化石的热情是他成功的“根源”。故选C项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他成功的根源在于他从未失去童年时对化石的热情。A. desire渴望；B. dream梦想；C. record记录；D. enthusiasm热情。根据前文可知，彼得一直热爱化石，结合“childhood”可知，这里谈论的是他童年时期对化石的“热情”。故选D项。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得的成功告诉我们，除了你的技能和信心之外，另一个重要的因素是专注于你真正热爱的事物的能力。A. potential潜力；B. ingredient要素，因素；C. preference偏好；D. media媒体。根据后文“your skill and confidence”和“the capacity to focus on ideas that you feel passionate about”可知，句中讨论的是成功所需的另一个“要素”。故选B项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拥有热情会推动你去追求你所热爱的事物，并将那份热爱转化为行动。A. memorize记住；B. seize抓住；C. pursue追求；D. invest投资。根据“Having passion”和“something you love”可知，热情会推动人去“追求”所爱。故选C项。 Passage 5 主题：任何事做好准备去抓住机会更重要 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：358 To Be Lucky, Be Prepared I remember the exact moment I learned the principle of preparing for luck. I was on the wrestling team. Now, if there’s one thing I can tell you about any sports, it is that wrestling is probably the sport that has the least 1 . There are only two people out on the mat, so you cannot blame it 2 your teammates or your coach. And guess what? There is no 3 because we do the whole thing indoors, so you can’t say, “It was raining.” or “It was snowing.” It makes 4 to say wresting is the sport with the least luck. On our team were two world champions: one of them had been world champion five times. We 5 had five people who were national champions. One of them was a guy 6 the name of John. John had never been 7 in my high school wrestling competition that I could remember, 8 he was a national champion. There was nobody locally who could touch him. One day, we 9 a match with our biggest opponent (对手). John went out on the mat, and about a minute and 30 seconds into the match he tried to make a particular 10 . He rolled over, and his opponent 11 him halfway through his roll. He was pinned 12 ! The match was over. I remember on the bus on the way home, one of our teammates tried to 13 John by saying, “Oh, he just got lucky.” And John said, “That’s so stupid. The opportunity presented itself, 14 he grasped it.” We used to have this big sign in our wrestling room that the coach had 15 there: “Luck is what happens when opportunity 16 preparation.” John’s opponent was prepared to exploit this opportunity. The probability of 17 John was not strong, and he knew it. But he paid attention to the 18 opportunity to present itself, and he defeated and pinned a five-time national champion. In other words, the real 19 is Be Prepared. It’s not just finding the opportunity; you have to be prepared to 20 it. 1．A．luck B．risk C．difficulty D．opportunity 2．A．over B．on C．about D．into 3．A．stress B．injury C．weather D．standard 4．A．judgement B．progress C．way D．sense 5．A．also B．even C．only D．once 6．A．under B．for C．in D．by 7．A．hurt B．chosen C．defeated D．trained 8．A．although B．because C．unless D．until 9．A．went for B．waited for C．fought tor D．played tor 10．A．sign B．step C．task D．move 11．A．fixed B．threw C．caught D．carried 12．A．accidentally B．fortunately C．unfairly D．instantly 13．A．calm B．comfort C．convince D．forgive 14．A．so B．or C．and D．but 15．A．set B．put C．left D．used 16．A．meets B．suits C．gets D．fits 17．A．striking B．beating C．knocking D．controlling 18．A．equal B．exact C．rest D．right 19．A．message B．passage C．decision D．suggestion 20．A．receive B．follow C．seize D．save 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者以摔跤这项运动为例，告诉我们不管做什么事情都不能只靠运气。运气是机遇加上准备，机会很重要，但做好准备去抓住机会更重要。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，如果我能告诉你一件关于任何运动的事情，那就是摔跤可能是最无关运气的事情。A. luck运气；B. risk风险；C. difficulty困难；D. opportunity机会。根据本段末句“wresting is the sport with the least luck”可知，摔跤可能是最无关运气的事情，故选A。 2．考查介词词义辨析。句意：只有两个人在垫子上，所以你不能责怪你的队友或教练。A. over在……期间；B. on在……上面；C. about关于；D. into到……里面。blame sth on sb“把某事归咎于某人”，故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无关天气，因为我们整个过程都是在室内进行的，所以你不能说，“当时在下雨”或者“当时在下雪。”A. stress压力；B. injury伤害；C. weather天气；D. standard标准。根据“‘It was raining.’ or ‘It was snowing.’”可知，此处指天气，故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：说摔跤是最无关运气的运动是有道理的。A. judgement评价；B. progress进步；C. way方法；D. sense意义，道理。根据上文“wrestling is probably the sport that has the least ____1____.”以及提到不能归咎于队友或教练，也无关天气可知，说摔跤是最无关运气的运动是有道理的，make sense讲得通、有道理，故选D。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们也有五个人是全国冠军。A. also也；B. even甚至；C. only只有；D. once曾经。根据上文“On our team were two world champions”可知，此处是介绍队伍的其他人，队里有两个人是世界冠军，还有五个人是全国冠军，故选A。 6．考查介词词义辨析。句意：其中一个叫John。A. under在……下面；B. for为了；C. in在……里面；D. by通过。by the name of…“名叫……的人”，故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我所记得的高中摔跤比赛中，John从来没有被打败过，因为他是全国冠军。A. hurt受伤；B. chosen选择；C. defeated打败；D. trained训练。根据下文“he was a national champion”可知，John是全国冠军，所以在高中摔跤比赛中从来没有被打败过，故选C。 8．考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. although尽管；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. until直到。空后表示原因，使用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我们去和我们最强大的对手比赛。A. went for参加；B. waited for等待；C. fought for为……战斗；D. played for为……演奏。根据“a match”可知，此处指参加比赛，故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：John走到垫子上，在比赛开始1分30秒时，他试图做出一个特别的动作。A. sign标志；B. step步骤；C. task任务；D. move动作。根据“He rolled over”可知，他试图做出一个特别的动作，故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他翻了个身，对手在他翻到一半时抓住了他。A. fixed安装，固定；B. threw扔；C. caught抓住；D. carried携带。根据“He was pinned”可知，他被压住，故此处指对手在他翻到一半时抓住了他，故选C。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立即被压住了！A. accidentally偶然地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. unfairly不公平地；D. instantly立即。根据上文“his opponent ____11____ him halfway through his roll”可知，对手抓住了他，他立即被压住了，故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得在回家的公交车上，我们的一个队友试图安慰John说：“哦，他只是走运而已。”A. calm使平静下来；B. comfort安慰；C. convince使信服；D. forgive原谅。根据“Oh, he just got lucky.”可知，队友是在安慰John，故选B。 14．考查连词词义辨析。句意：机会来了，他抓住了。A. so所以；B. or或者；C. and和，并且；D. but但是。结合句意可知，前后文是并列顺承关系，使用and连接，故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们以前在摔跤室里有一幅巨大的标语，是教练放在那里的：“运气是机会遇到准备时发生的事情。”A. set设置；B. put放；C. left离开；D. used使用。根据“this big sign in our wrestling room”可知，此处指教练放在房间里面的标语，故选B。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. meets遇见；B. suits适合；C. gets得到；D. fits适合，安置。根据上文“The opportunity presented itself, ____14____ he grasped it.”可知，机会出现时对手能够抓住机会所以赢了John，即机会遇到准备时就会发生运气，故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知道打败John的可能性不大。A. striking击打；B. beating打败；C. knocking敲；D. controlling控制。根据上文“John’s opponent”可知，此处指对手想要打败John’s的机会不大，故选B。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他注意到了合适的机会来展示自己，他击败并压制了五届全国冠军。A. equal同等的；B. exact精确的；C. rest剩下的；D. right合适的、正确的。根据上文“John’s opponent was prepared to exploit this opportunity.”以及下文“he defeated and pinned a five-time national champion.”可知，John的对手直到打败John的可能性不大，就准备利用合适的机会打败John，故选D。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，真正的要点是“做好准备”。A. message信息，要点；B. passage文章；C. decision决定；D. suggestion建议。根据文章首句中“the principle of preparing for luck”以及故事内容可知，文章强调机会来临时要为之做好准备，故此处指真正的要点是“做好准备”，故选A。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是寻找机会；你必须准备好抓住它。A. receive收到；B. follow跟随；C. seize抓住；D. save挽救。此处和上文“he grasped it”中的grasp同义，指抓住机会，故选C。 Passage 6 主题：父女努力克服诵读困难症取得成功的故事 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：348 My sixth-grade daughter was being kicked out of school. The teacher explained, “She may not be 1 what we’re trying to accomplish.” He was 2 saying she didn’t have the 3 , which made me mad because I knew she was smart, just as my father had known about me when I was 4 in school. We had her 5 and found that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症). Just then I was a 6 television writer, and had been awarded Emmy Award for “The Rockford Files.” If I had known earlier that something beyond my 7 could explain why I was a low 8 , I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s. I was working for no other reason than to hear people 9 me, because I did 10 in all my courses. I once asked a friend why he always got an A, “How long did you study for this?” He replied, “I didn’t. I just 11 it.” So he must be smarter. “What if I’m not good at anything?” I began to ask. Despite my 12 , I did become successful, and people now say to me, “So you’ve 13 dyslexia.” No, I don’t. I learn to 14 it. I 15 making a call if possible, because I sometimes have to try many times to get the number right. Despite these weaknesses, I view dyslexia as a(n) 16 . Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is. I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is my 17 . The real 18 I have for dyslexic children is not they have to 19 in school, but that they will be quitters before they get out of school. Parents have to create 20 for them, whether it’s music, sports or art. You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other pride.” 1．A．content with B．used to C．equal to D．familiar with 2．A．hardly B．actually C．partly D．merely 3．A．independence B．confidence C．preference D．intelligence 4．A．failing B．progressing C．changing D．crying 5．A．informed B．questioned C．tested D．surveyed 6．A．loyal B．successful C．traditional D．typical 7．A．admiration B．appreciation C．consumption D．control 8．A．composer B．achiever C．performer D．observer 9．A．inspire B．call C．praise D．neglect 10．A．actively B．badly C．fast D．well 11．A．glanced at B．stared at C．got rid of D．put up with 12．A．confusion B．effort C．dream D．sacrifice 13．A．overlooked B．confirmed C．overcome D．cured 14．A．keep up with B．make up for C．hold on to D．make use of 15．A．repeat B．enjoy C．risk D．avoid 16．A．adventure B．pleasure C．gift D．punishment 17．A．purpose B．challenge C．contribution D．strength 18．A．fear B．joy C．favor D．respect 19．A．struggle B．apply C．achieve D．accomplish 20．A．surprises B．competitions C．imaginations D．victories 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者和女儿都患有诵读困难症，作者通过努力克服困难并取得成功的故事。 1．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：老师解释说：“她可能无法胜任我们想要达成的目标。”A. content with对……满意；B. used to习惯于；C. equal to胜任；D. familiar with熟悉。根据上文“My sixth-grade daughter was being kicked out of school.”可知，老师说作者的女儿可能达不到学校想要达到的目标，be equal to合适，胜任，符合语境。故选C项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有那种智力，这让我很生气，因为我知道她很聪明，就像我父亲在我上学成绩不及格时了解我一样。A. hardly几乎不；B. actually实际上；C. partly部分地；D. merely仅仅。根据上文的“My sixth-grade daughter was being kicked out of school.”以及“The teacher explained, “She may not be ____1____ what we’re trying to accomplish.””可知，老师表面说女儿无法胜任，实际上是在质疑她的智力。故选B项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有那种智力，这让我很生气，因为我知道她很聪明，就像我父亲在我上学成绩不及格时了解我一样。A. independence独立；B. confidence自信；C. preference偏爱；D. intelligence智力。根据下文“which made me mad because I knew she was smart”可知，作者知道女儿很聪明，可是老师在说她没有这个智力。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有那种智力，这让我很生气，因为我知道她很聪明，就像我父亲在我上学成绩不及格时了解我一样。A. failing失败，不及格；B. progressing进步；C. changing改变；D. crying哭。根据下文“We had her ____5____ and found that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症).”可知，作者上学时成绩不好，不及格。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们让她做了检查，发现她所经历的问题和我完全一样——诵读困难症。A. informed通知；B. questioned询问；C. tested测试，检查；D. surveyed调查。根据下文“and found that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症).”可知，作者给女儿做了测验然后发现女儿患有诵读困难症。故选C项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我是一名成功的电视编剧，还凭借《洛克福德档案》获得了艾美奖。A. loyal忠诚的；B. successful成功的；C. traditional传统的；D. typical典型的。根据下文“and had been awarded Emmy Award for “The Rockford Files.””可知，作者是成功的编剧。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我早一点知道，有些我无法控制的事情可以解释为什么我是一个成就低下的人，我可能就不会在20多岁末30出头的时候那么努力工作了。A. admiration钦佩；B. appreciation欣赏；C. consumption消费；D. control控制。根据上文“that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症).”可知，作者患有阅诵读困难症，这是作者无法控制的事情。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我早一点知道，有些我无法控制的事情可以解释为什么我是一个成就低下的人，我可能就不会在20多岁末30出头的时候那么努力工作了。A. composer作曲家；B. achiever成就者；C. performer表演者；D. observer观察者。根据上文的“just as my father had known about me when I was ____4____ in school.”以及下文“I did ____10____ in all my courses”可知，作者上学时成绩差，是成就低下的人。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力工作的唯一原因就是为了听到人们表扬我，因为我所有的课程都学得很差。A. inspire激励；B. call打电话；C. praise表扬；D. neglect忽视。根据语境和上文“I was working for no other reason than to hear people”可知，因为成绩差，作者希望通过努力工作获得别人的表扬。故选C项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我努力工作的唯一原因就是为了听到人们表扬我，因为我所有的课程都学得很差。A. actively积极地；B. badly差地；C. fast快地；D. well好地。根据上文“If I had known earlier that something beyond my ____7____ could explain why I was a low ____8____, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s.”可知，作者上学时成绩差，是成就低下的人，由此可知，作者课程学得很差。故选B项。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他回答说：“我没有（学习）。我只是瞥了一眼。”A. glanced at瞥一眼；B. stared at盯着看；C. got rid of摆脱；D. put up with忍受。根据上文“I once asked a friend why he always got an A, “How long did you study for this?””和下文“So he must be smarter.”可知，作者的学习成绩好的朋友得到A并未在学习上花很多时间，是聪明的人，由此可推断，此处指的是扫了一眼。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很困惑，但我确实成功了，现在人们对我说：“所以你已经克服了诵读困难症。”A. confusion困惑；B. effort努力；C. dream梦想；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据上文“What if I’m not good at anything? I began to ask.”可知，作者对自己能否成功感到困惑。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很困惑，但我确实成功了，现在人们对我说：“所以你已经克服了诵读困难症。”A. overlooked忽视；B. confirmed确认；C. overcome克服；D. cured治愈。根据上文“I did become successful”可知，人们认为作者成功了，应该是克服了诵读困难症。故选C项。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不，我没有（克服）。我学会了弥补它。A. keep up with跟上；B. make up for弥补；C. hold on to坚持；D. make use of利用。根据下文“because I sometimes have to try many times to get the number right.”可知，作者没有克服诵读困难症，而是学会弥补它带来的不便。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果可能的话，我避免打电话，因为我有时要试很多次才能把号码弄对。A. repeat重复；B. enjoy享受；C. risk冒险；D. avoid避免。根据语境和下文“I sometimes have to try many times to get the number right”可知，因为诵读困难，作者打电话时难以记对号码，所以避免打电话。故选D项。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这些缺点，我还是把诵读困难症看作是一种天赋。A. adventure冒险；B. pleasure乐趣；C. gift天赋；D. punishment惩罚。根据下文“Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is.”可知，作者认为诵读困难症是一种天赋。故选C项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：写作是我的强项。A. purpose目的；B. challenge挑战；C. contribution贡献；D. strength强项。根据上文的“I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day.”可知，作者一天最多能写15页，由此可知，写作是作者的强项。故选D项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对有诵读困难症的孩子真正的担心不是他们在学校里必须挣扎，而是他们在离开学校之前就会放弃。A. fear担心，恐惧；B. joy快乐；C. favor偏爱；D. respect尊重。根据下文的“not they have to ____19____ in school, but that they will be quitters before they get out of school.”可知，孩子们会自行放弃，这是作者真正的担心的。故选A项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对有诵读困难症的孩子真正的担心不是他们在学校里必须挣扎，而是他们在离开学校之前就会放弃。A. struggle挣扎；B. apply申请；C. achieve实现；D. accomplish完成。根据下文的“but that they will be quitters before they get out of school”和but转折可推知，有诵读困难症的孩子在学校学习时会很挣扎。故选A项。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母必须为他们创造成功，无论是在音乐、体育还是艺术方面。A. surprises惊喜；B. competitions竞争；C. imaginations想象；D. victories胜利，成功。根据下文“You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other pride.””可知，父母要为孩子创造成功的机会，让他们有其他可骄傲的事情。故选D项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 完形填空押题(夹叙夹议)（天津卷专用） 命题透视 近五年天津高考完形填空记叙文呈现 "主题聚焦、考点稳定、素养导向"的鲜明特征，紧密贴合高考“立德树人”的核心目标，通过真实、温暖的故事载体，考查学生的语言运用能力与核心素养。夹叙夹议类完形填空的核心特点是"叙事为载体，议论为升华"，解题需遵循"先抓叙事脉络，再悟议论主旨，最后实现叙议呼应"的原则，通过精准把握故事情节与作者观点的关联，实现高效答题。 2021年第一次 主要讲述了Robbie Pruitt在自己的自行车被偷后，想出了给人免费修车的计划。他把这一计划发布到了网上，主动提出为有需要的人免费修理自行车。他还想要一些没人要的自行车，他愿意再免费修理一次。然后他会把它们捐给那些真正需要它们但没有预算买的人。他还教授邻居的孩子们免费修车，得到了邻居的赞赏。 动词(4)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(3)、介词(2) 人与社会 2021年第二次 作者喜欢表演，哥哥喜欢冥想，二者性格爱好完全不同，关系紧张。在作者遭遇失败时，哥哥教给他冥想，作者从中悟出了做事的哲理，取得了成功。 动词(13)、名词(5)、形容词(4)、副词(1)、介词(2) 人与自我 2022年第一次 作者因腿受伤住院，在医院结识了一位乐观的老人。老人虽自身患病，却不断鼓励作者积极面对困难，这对作者产生了深远影响，让作者在困难时期感受到温暖和力量。 动词(7)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自我 2022年第二次 作者六年级学习单簧管时遇到困难，在老师严厉批评后想要放弃。后来在妈妈的引导下，作者决定面对恐惧，在老师帮助下解决问题，克服了恐惧心理，明白了面对恐惧能让生活更轻松愉快。 动词(7)、名词(4)、形容词(3)、副词(1)、代词(1) 人与自我 2023年第一次 作者在三十多岁时决定攀登乞力马扎罗山，在攀登过程中遇到了搬运工米克。米克身负重担却始终保持乐观积极的态度，他的态度对作者产生了巨大影响，让作者在面对生活中的困难时，会想起米克的微笑和积极态度。 动词(8)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自然 2023年第二次 在一个夏夜，作者一家在机场遇到一名乘客突然晕倒。作者身为医生的父母立刻救助，发现乘客低血糖急需糖分，在大家焦急时，小男孩麦加拿出士力架救了乘客。麦加此前独自飞行且很紧张，他奶奶为他准备了糖果。这次经历让作者见证了善良的力量。 动词(8)、名词(7)、形容词(2)、副词(1) 人与社会 2024年第一次 作者 23 岁求职失败，在另一次求职面试后得到经理反馈，意识到自己对工作缺乏热情。此后作者开始认真评估工作，明确求职动机，最终获得心仪的工作。多年后，作者作为面试官，也会给面试者反馈，鼓励自己的学员求职时寻求反馈，以避免犯错。 动词(7)、名词(8)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自我 2024年第二次 作者从四年级开始数学成绩不好，但努力跟上周围的同学。在十一年级学习最难的数学课时，遇到了迪娜老师。迪娜老师通过牛顿的名言激励学生，采用伙伴测试的教学方式，让作者明白学习的意义。虽然作者期末考试不及格，但老师的教导改变了作者面对挑战的态度，作者更加努力学习，迪娜老师对作者影响深远。 动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与自我 2025年第一次 本文讲述钢琴调音师 Josiah Jackson 在机场发现一架破损的公共钢琴后，利用航班中转时间免费清理、调音，让钢琴恢复使用，相关视频在社交平台引发好评的故事，体现了他的公益精神与专业价值。 动词(11)、名词(5)、形容词(3)、副词(1) 人与社会 2025年第二次 本文以作者自身的篮球选拔经历为线索，讲述了自己原本笃定能进入篮球俱乐部A队，却意外被分到B队后陷入消沉，后来通过看到另一支球队后卫乐观鼓励队友的举动，幡然醒悟，将这次 “失意” 转化为锻炼领导力的契机，最终实现个人成长的故事，点明乐观心态是应对人生挫折、实现自我蜕变这一核心主旨。 动词(7)、名词(6)、形容词(4)、副词(1) 人与自我 2026命题预测 主题选材：聚焦三大主题，凸显价值引领 主题严格围绕 人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大课标主题语境展开 考点分布：侧重动词名词，兼顾词类均衡 从考点词类分布来看，动词和名词是考查核心，合计占比超 70%，形容词、副词、介词等词类作为补充，体现了对“实词为主、虚词为辅”考查原则，重点考查学生对核心语义的精准把握。 情节设计：遵循 “挫折—— 转变——成长”叙事逻辑 近五年记叙文均采用经典的“冲突出现 ——应对过程—— 积极转变”三段式叙事结构，通过设置挫折、困境等冲突，展现人物的心理变化和行为选择，最终传递积极向上的价值观。 考点1 个人成长与励志 押题解读： 本文为正能量励志夹叙夹议文，以作者篮球选拔受挫、受他人启发后转变心态、主动担当并实现自我成长的校园经历为素材，紧密贴合高中生成长励志、挫折教育、责任担当类高频完形主题，严格遵循天津卷完形填空命题规律。文章实词占比90%以上，侧重考查上下文语境逻辑、情感态度转变、人物行为动机与情节推理，全程无纯语法考点、无超纲词汇与偏僻固定搭配，篇章词数约363词，符合天津卷高三完形篇幅标准，核心弘扬乐观面对困境、主动担当、在挫折中成长、突破自我的正向励志价值观。 Passage 1 主题：受队友启发主动担当领导强调乐观对克服困境的重要性 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：363 （2025·3月天津·高考真题）Life is a road full of minor inconveniences and major setbacks, which everyone faces, 1 wealth or social rank. That is why optimism, the ability to see the 2 side of every negative situation, is key to success. What made optimism so meaningful to me was when I 3 the A team of the basketball club for the upcoming season. I had always been the starting point guard, and my 4 on the A team was something I took for granted. However, I only made the B team, 5 I worked my hardest. I didn’t understand why until I saw the new A team, crowded with players that all 6 me. I had to give the B team a chance. But to my 7 , the play level was much lower than what I was used to. I lost the drive I’d had before and gradually became 8 . One day I came across a social media post of another basketball team, whose point guard was much more 9 than her teammates. When her teammates made multiple mistakes 10 , which cost them several points, I expected her to be upset, but 11 , she patted her teammates on the back and comforted them. As I watched her more, I noticed that she led her team, always 12 and uplifting her teammates. The realization hit me like lightning. What I thought was a 13 turned out to be a valuable opportunity, presenting a rare chance to develop 14 . So, I started using my 15 to be a leader for my team. When our coach needed a(n) 16 , I was the first to raise my hand. When my teammates needed help with a skill, I 17 taught them over and over again. My effort paid off as I 18 remarkably not just as a player, but as a person — something I could have never achieved on the A team. When facing challenges in life, some people 19 them with optimism, while others tend to complain. Optimism is a palette, with which you can paint your own light in the darkness, shelter in a storm, and most importantly, a better 20 of yourself! 1．A．regardless of B．due to C．but for D．apart from 2．A．commercial B．positive C．crucial D．practical 3．A．looked back on B．gave in to C．put up with D．tried out for 4．A．position B．focus C．comment D．impression 5．A．as if B．in case C．now that D．even though 6．A．ran into B．agreed with C．towered over D．saw through 7．A．relief B．confusion C．amazement D．disappointment 8．A．unmotivated B．disqualified C．determined D．engaged 9．A．amused B．advanced C．emotional D．familiar 10．A．to a degree B．as a rule C．in a row D．at a distance 11．A．instead B．meanwhile C．otherwise D．furthermore 12．A．evaluating B．interrupting C．encouraging D．interviewing 13．A．trick B．misfortune C．mistake D．conflict 14．A．reputation B．innovation C．leadership D．friendship 15．A．privacy B．experience C．schedule D．occupation 16．A．example B．announcement C．competitor D．donation 17．A．nervously B．patiently C．gratefully D．hesitantly 18．A．protested B．resigned C．developed D．emerged 19．A．create B．approach C．influence D．perform 20．A．appearance B．shape C．identity D．version 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者未入选篮球A队后失落，受另一球队控卫乐观鼓励队友的启发，在B队主动担当领导，最终实现个人成长，强调乐观对克服困境的重要性。 1．考查介词短语辨析。句意：生活是一条布满小麻烦和大挫折的漫长道路，每个人都会经历这样的过程，无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。A. regardless of不管，无论；B. due to因为；C. but for要不是；D. apart from除了……之外。根据后文“wealth or social rank”以及上文“which everyone faces”可知，每个人都会经历生活中的挫折，无论其财富多少或社会地位如何。故选A。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么乐观精神——即在每一种不利情况下都能看到积极面的能力——是取得成功的关键所在。A. commercial商业的；B. positive积极的；C. crucial重要的；D. practical实际的。根据上文“That is why optimism”可知，乐观精神指的是看到积极面的能力。故选B。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：让我觉得乐观精神如此重要的原因在于，当我参加即将开始的赛季中篮球队的A队选拔时。A. looked back on回顾；B. gave in to屈服于；C. put up with忍受；D. tried out for角逐，参加……的选拔。根据后文“the A team of the basketball club for the upcoming season”可知，作者要参加篮球队的选拔。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直担任首发控球后卫，所以我在A队的位置对我来说是理所当然的。A. position位置；B. focus集中；C. comment评论；D. impression印象。根据上文“I had always been the starting point guard”可知，此处指作者在球队中的位置。故选A。 5．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，我只入选了B队——尽管我全力以赴了。A. as if好像；B. in case万一；C. now that既然；D. even though即使。根据上文“I only made the B team”以及后文“I worked my hardest”可知为转折关系，even though引导让步状语从句。故选D。 6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：直到我看到新的A队阵容时，我才明白其中的原因，那队里全是身材比我高大的球员。A. ran into遇到；B. agreed with同意；C. towered over高耸在上方，在身高或能力上超越；D. saw through看透。根据上文“I only made the B team”以及“I saw the new A team, crowded with players that all”可知，作者只入选了B队，说明A队队员能力比作者出众。故选C。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令我感到失望的是，这队的水平远低于我以往的预期。A. relief安慰；B. confusion困惑；C. amazement惊讶；D. disappointment失望。根据后文“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，B队水平低于预期，作者感到失望。故选D。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我失去了之前拥有的动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。A. unmotivated不感兴趣的；B. disqualified不合格的；C. determined坚定的；D. engaged参与的。根据上文“I lost the drive I’d had before and gradually became”以及“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，作者因为失望，失去了动力，渐渐地变得毫无干劲了。故选A。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在社交媒体上看到了一则关于另一支篮球队的帖子，该队的控球后卫比队友们的技术要高超得多。A. amused被逗乐的；B. advanced高超的，高级的；C. emotional情感的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“I noticed that she led her team”可知，可以带领队伍说明技术高超。故选B。 10．考查介词短语辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. to a degree在某种程度上；B. as a rule通常；C. in a row连续；D. at a distance远离。根据后文“which cost them several points”可知，失去不少分数说明连续出现错误，故选C。 11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当她的队友们接连犯下多处错误，导致他们失去了不少分数时，我原本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。A. instead反而；B. meanwhile同时；C. otherwise否则；D. furthermore此外。根据上文“I expected her to be upset”以及后文“she patted her teammates on the back and comforted them.”可知，作者本以为她会感到沮丧，但出乎意料的是，她却轻拍着队友们的肩膀，安慰着他们。instead表示“反而”符合语境。故选A。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我更仔细地观察她时，我发现她总是带领着她的团队，总是充满鼓励地激励着队友们。A. evaluating评估；B. interrupting打断；C. encouraging鼓励；D. interviewing采访。根据后文“and uplifting her teammates”可知，她总是鼓励和激励队友们。故选C。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的提升领导能力的机遇。A. trick诡计；B. misfortune倒霉事，不幸；C. mistake错误；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“However, I only made the B team”以及“the play level was much lower than what I was used to”可知，作者一开始认为进入了B队是件倒霉事，故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本以为是件倒霉事，结果却成了一个宝贵的机会，为我提供了难得的提升领导能力的机遇。A. reputation名誉；B. innovation创新；C. leadership领导；D. friendship友谊。根据后文“to be a leader for my team”可知，这次机会让作者提升领导能力。故选C。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，我开始利用自己的经验来担任团队的领导者。A. privacy隐私；B. experience经验；C. schedule日程表；D. occupation职业。根据上文“I had always been the starting point guard”可知，作者开始利用自己的经验担任领导者。故选B。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们的教练需要一个榜样时，我第一个举起了手。A. example榜样，例子；B. announcement公告；C. competitor竞争者；D. donation捐赠。根据后文“I was the first to raise my hand”以及上文“to be a leader for my team”可知，作者开始积极投入队伍建设，所以教练需要榜样的时候，自己第一个举手。故选A。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我的队友们在某项技能上需要帮助时，我便耐心地一遍又一遍地指导他们。A. nervously紧张地；B. patiently耐心地；C. gratefully感谢地；D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据后文“over and over again”可知，作者耐心指导队友。故选B。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的努力得到了回报，无论是作为球员还是个人，我都取得了显著的成长 —— 而这是我在A队永远无法实现的。A. protested抗议；B. resigned辞职；C. developed发展；D. emerged出现。根据上文“My effort paid off as I”可知，指作者的努力取得回报，作为球员取得了显著的进步，得到了发展，故选C。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在面对生活中的挑战时，有些人会以乐观的态度去应对，而另一些人则倾向于抱怨。A. create创造；B. approach应对，靠近；C. influence影响；D. perform表现。根据上文“When facing challenges in life”以及后文them指的是challenges，即以乐观的态度去应对挑战，故选B。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：乐观就像一盏调色盘，借助它，你可以在黑暗中描绘出属于自己的光芒，在风暴中找到庇护，而最重要的是，能塑造出一个更好的自己！A. appearance外表；B. shape形状；C. identity身份；D. version版本。根据上文“My effort paid off as”以及“something I could have never achieved on the A team”可知，作者因为乐观，在B队也取得了进步，即，乐观让作者成为了更好的自己，a better version of yourself此处表示“更出色的自己”。故选D。 锁定议论句，把握情感基调 夹叙夹议文的议论句（通常在开头、结尾或段落衔接处）直接点明文章主旨和作者的情感态度，是解题的 "锚点"。通过锁定这些议论句，可快速把握全文的情感倾向和核心观点，进而推断出符合主旨的选项。 【考例01--2025年天津6月考第 2题】That is why optimism, the ability to see the 2 side of every negative situation, is key to success. 2. A. commercial B. positive C. crucial D. practical 主旨定位：文章开头的议论句直接点明核心主题 ——“乐观（optimism）是成功的关键”，并对乐观进行定义：“在每一个负面情境中看到______面的能力”。 答案解析：B 选项“positive”（积极的）与“optimism”（乐观）的定义完全匹配，是对乐观精神的直接诠释；A 选项“商业的”、C 选项“关键的”、D 选项“实际的”均与“乐观”的核心语义无关。 【考例02--2025年天津6月考第 18题】Optimism is a palette (调色板), with which you can paint your own light in the darkness, shelter in a storm, and most importantly, a better 18 of yourself! 18. A. appearance B. shape C. identity D. version 主旨定位：文章结尾的议论句是对全文主旨的升华，将乐观比作调色板，强调其能帮助人们在困境中创造美好，最终实现自我提升。 答案解析：D 选项“version”（版本）构成“a better version of yourself”（更好的自己）的固定表达，契合“自我提升”的主旨；A 选项“外貌”、B 选项“形状”、C 选项“身份”均无法体现“通过乐观实现自我成长”的核心内涵。 一、完形填空障碍单词 1. optimism /ˈɒptɪmɪzəm/n. 乐观；乐观主义 2. inconvenience /ˌɪnkənˈviːniəns/n.不便；麻烦 3. setback /ˈsetbæk/n. 挫折；阻碍 4. rank /ræŋk/n. 地位；等级 5. upcoming /ˈʌpkʌmɪŋ/adj. 即将来临的 6. granted /ˈɡrɑːntɪd/adj. 理所当然的 7. drive /draɪv/n. 动力；干劲 8. multiple /ˈmʌltɪpl/adj. 多个的 9. uplifting /ˌʌpˈlɪftɪŋ/adj. 令人振奋的 10. realization /ˌriːəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 领悟 11. remarkably /rɪˈmɑːkəbli/adv. 显著地 12. shelter /ˈʃeltə/n. 庇护所 13. unmotivated /ʌnˈməʊtɪveɪtɪd/adj. 缺乏动力的 14. leadership /ˈliːdəʃɪp/n. 领导能力 15. patiently /ˈpeɪʃntli/adv. 耐心地 16. approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/vt. 应对；处理 17. version /ˈvɜːʃn/n. 版本；（自身）状态 18. commercial /kəˈmɜːʃl/adj. 商业的 19. crucial /ˈkruːʃl/adj. 至关重要的 20. relief /rɪˈliːf/n. 宽慰 21. confusion /kənˈfjuːʒn/n. 困惑 22. reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/n. 名声 23. innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/n. 创新 24. occupation /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/n. 职业 二、完形填空障碍短语 1. regardless of 不管；无论 2. due to 因为；由于 3. but for 要不是 4. apart from 除了…… 之外 5. try out for 参加…… 选拔 6. tower over 超越；比…… 高大 7. in a row 连续；接连 8. pay off 得到回报；成功 9.take...for granted 认为…… 理所当然 10. starting point guard 首发控球后卫 考点2 致敬烈士家国情怀 押题解读： 本文为正能量励志夹叙夹议文，以 B 站年度弹幕“致敬”为切入点，结合老人数十年默默守护烈士墓园的平凡善举为素材，紧密贴合高中生家国情怀、平凡英雄、坚守奉献类高频完形主题，严格遵循天津卷完形填空命题规律。文章实词占比90%以上，侧重考查上下文语境逻辑、情感态度转变、人物品质提炼与价值观推理，全程无纯语法考点、无超纲词汇与偏僻固定搭配，篇章词数约350词，符合天津卷高三完形篇幅标准，核心弘扬致敬平凡英雄、坚守初心、默默奉献、坚韧执着的正向社会价值观。 Passage 1 主题：B站致敬烈士墓园守护人 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：294 In late 2025, the annual bullet screen on Bilibili was announced as “Salute”. It 1 millions of young people to honor ordinary people who light up the world with 2 efforts. I came across one such video by chance, which 3 my view on heroism and left a lasting impression. Many of us used to think heroes are those with superpowers or huge success. We often ignore the common people who keep going silently. But this warm video completely changed my understanding. The video was about an elderly volunteer who 4 a remote cemetery for decades. He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass, and 5 the tombstones for the martyrs. No cameras 6 him, no crowds cheered, and he never expected any 7 . He did all this just out of 8 and memory. At first, I thought it was a small, 9 job. Yet as the video went on, I was struck by his 10 . Every morning he arrived at dawn and 11 until dusk. He refused offers of help, saying he could 12 the task on his own. When asked why he insisted, he simply replied, “They 13 for us. I should do this for them.” His simple words touched millions of viewers. The bullet screens were 14 with “Salute”. I realized that real heroes are not 15 found in legends or headlines. They are ordinary people who choose to 16 when no one is watching. They do the right thing 17 praise or reward. This spirit is what we call 18 — the ability to stand firm and keep going through years. It is a quiet strength that 19 the world. The video didn’t have amazing scenes, but it 20 my heart and taught me what really counts in life. 1．A．reminded B．inspired C．allowed D．promised 2．A．slight B．brave C．constant D．extra 3．A．shaped B．replaced C．balanced D．mixed 4．A．built B．guarded C．visited D．found 5．A．polished B．covered C．painted D．buried 6．A．feared B．followed C．served D．trusted 7．A．profit B．fortune C．recognition D．progress 8．A．curiosity B．pride C．interest D．respect 9．A．dull B．funny C．popular D．formal 10．A．intelligence B．patience C．confidence D．honesty 11．A．rested B．wandered C．worked D．waited 12．A．carry out B．take away C．give up D．put off 13．A．fought B．waited C．applied D．prepared 14．A．covered B．filled C．equipped D．faced 15．A．gradually B．suddenly C．naturally D．usually 16．A．hide B．escape C．persist D．reform 17．A．beyond B．without C．against D．for 18．A．dignity B．grace C．resilience D．wisdom 19．A．supports B．disturbs C．controls D．entertains 20．A．warmed B．hurt C．calmed D．opened 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了B站年度弹幕“致敬”背后的故事，通过一位老人默默守护烈士墓园的事迹，让作者明白真正的英雄往往是在无人关注时坚守的普通人。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它激励数百万年轻人向那些用不懈努力照亮世界的普通人致敬。A. reminded提醒；B. inspired激励；C. allowed允许；D. promised承诺。根据前文“the annual bullet screen on Bilibili was announced as “Salute””以及后文“young people to honor ordinary people who light up the world”可知，年度弹幕“Salute(致敬)”起到了“激励”年轻人的作用。故选B项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它激励数百万年轻人向那些用不懈努力照亮世界的普通人致敬。A. slight轻微的；B. brave勇敢的；C. constant持续的、不懈的；D. extra额外的。根据后文“The video was about an elderly volunteer who a remote cemetery for decades”讲述老人数十年如一日守护墓园可知，这些普通人用“持续不懈的”努力照亮了世界，值得向他们致敬。故选C项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我偶然看到了这样一个视频，它影响了我对英雄主义的看法，给我留下了深刻的印象。A. shaped塑造、影响；B. replaced取代；C. balanced平衡；D. mixed混合。根据后文“But this warm video completely changed my understanding”可知，这个视频改变了作者的认知，“影响”了作者对英雄主义的看法。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频讲述了一位老年志愿者数十年来守护着一个偏远的墓园。A. built建造；B. guarded守护；C. visited拜访；D. found发现。根据后文“He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass”可知，老人是在“守护”这个墓园。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他保持场地清洁，修剪草坪，擦拭烈士的墓碑。A. polished擦拭、擦亮；B. covered覆盖；C. painted绘画；D. buried埋葬。结合前文“kept the place clean”和常识可知，老人会“擦拭”墓碑来保持整洁。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有摄像机关注他，没有人群欢呼，他也从不期待任何认可。A. feared害怕；B. followed跟随、对……产生浓厚兴趣而关注；C. served服务；D. trusted信任。根据前文“remote cemetery”以及后文“no crowds cheered”可推知，老人的行为无人关心，没有摄像机“关注”和记录他的行为。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有摄像机关注他，没有人群欢呼，他也从不期待任何认可。A. profit利润；B. fortune财富；C. recognition认可；D. progress进步。根据前文“no crowds cheered”以及后文“He did all this just out of and memory”可推知，老人做这些不是为了得到别人的“认可”。故选C项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他做这一切只是出于尊重和怀念。A. curiosity好奇心；B. pride自豪；C. interest兴趣；D. respect尊重。根据后文老人说的“They for us. I should do this for them”可知，老人是出于对烈士的“尊重”才这么做的。故选D项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我觉得这是一份不重要的枯燥工作。A. dull枯燥的；B. funny有趣的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. formal正式的。根据前文“small”和老人日常的工作内容可推知，一开始作者觉得这份工作是不重要的，是“枯燥的”。故选A项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着视频的推进，我被他的耐心打动了。A. intelligence智慧；B. patience耐心；C. confidence自信；D. honesty诚实。根据前文“The video was about an elderly volunteer who a remote cemetery for decades”和后文“Every morning he arrived at dawn and until dusk”可知，老人数十年如一日做这份工作，体现了他的“耐心”。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他每天黎明时分到达，一直工作到黄昏。A. rested休息；B. wandered漫步；C. worked工作；D. waited等待。根据前文“He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass, and the tombstones”和“a small, job”可知，老人是在墓园“工作”。故选C项。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他拒绝了别人的帮助，说自己能独自完成这项任务。A. carry out完成、执行；B. take away拿走；C. give up放弃；D. put off推迟。根据前文“He refused offers of help”可知，老人认为自己能独自“完成”任务，所以不需要帮助。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当被问及为什么坚持这么做时，他简单地回答：“他们为我们战斗过。我应该为他们做这件事。”A. fought战斗；B. waited等待；C. applied申请；D. prepared准备。根据前文“the martyrs”可知，这些是为人们“战斗”过的烈士。故选A项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：弹幕上满是“致敬”。A. covered覆盖；B. filled充满；C. equipped配备；D. faced面对。根据前文“His simple words touched millions of viewers”以及文章开头提到的B站年度弹幕是“致敬”可知，被感动的观众发的弹幕“充满”了“致敬”；be filled with“充满”。故选B项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到真正的英雄通常不是在传说或头条新闻中找到的。A. gradually逐渐地；B. suddenly突然地；C. naturally自然地；D. usually通常地。根据后文“They are ordinary people who choose to when no one is watching”可知，真正的英雄“通常”不在传说或头条里，而是普通人。故选D项。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们是在无人关注时选择坚守的普通人。A. hide隐藏；B. escape逃跑；C. persist坚持、坚守；D. reform改革。根据前文“He kept the place clean, trimmed the grass, and the tombstones for the martyrs. No cameras him, no crowds cheered”描述的老人在无人关注的情况下，数十年坚持守护墓园的事迹可知，真正的英雄是在无人注视时选择“坚守”的普通人。故选C项。 17．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他们做正确的事，不求赞美或回报。A. beyond超出；B. without没有；C. against反对；D. for为了。根据前文“no crowds cheered, and he never expected any ”提到老人不期待任何认可可知，这些普通人做正确的事是不图赞美和回报的，用介词without表示“没有”。故选B项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种精神就是我们所说的韧性——在岁月中坚定立场、坚持下去的能力。A. dignity尊严；B. grace优雅；C. resilience韧性；D. wisdom智慧。根据后文“the ability to stand firm and keep going through years”可知，这种在岁月中坚持的能力是“韧性”。故选C项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一种支撑着世界的无声力量。A. supports支撑；B. disturbs打扰；C. controls控制；D. entertains娱乐。根据前文“ordinary people who light up the world with efforts”以及老人的事迹带来的感动可知，普通人这种坚守的无声力量“支撑”着世界。故选A项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频没有惊人的场景，但它温暖了我的心，教会了我生命中真正重要的东西。A. warmed温暖；B. hurt伤害；C. calmed使平静；D. opened打开。根据前文“this warm video”可知，这个视频“温暖”了作者的心。故选A项。 关联叙事情节与议论观点 夹叙夹议文中的叙事情节是为议论观点服务的，二者存在紧密的逻辑呼应。通过分析某一情节对应的议论观点，或某一观点对应的叙事案例，可快速锁定符合逻辑的选项，实现 "叙议互证"。 【考例01--2025年天津6月考第 13题】The realization hit me like lightning. What I thought was a 13 turned out to be a valuable opportunity... 13. A. trick B. misfortune C. mistake D. conflict 叙议呼应：前文叙事部分讲述作者 "努力却未能进入篮球 A 队，只能加入 B 队" 的经历，这在作者最初的认知中是 "挫折"；而此处议论句通过 "turned out to be a valuable opportunity"（原来是宝贵的机会）形成转折，说明作者对这段经历的认知从 "负面" 转变为 "正面"。 答案解析：B 选项“misfortune”（不幸、挫折）与后文“valuable opportunity”（宝贵机会）构成反义呼应，符合作者认知转变的逻辑；A 选项“骗局”、C 选项“错误”、D 选项“冲突”均无法准确描述“未能进入 A 队”这一挫折经历。 【考例02--2025年天津6月考第 14题】...presenting a rare chance to develop 14 . 14. A. reputation B. innovation C. leadership D. friendship 叙议呼应：后文叙事部分详细描述作者“主动承担责任、帮助队友训练”的行为，最终实现“not just as a player, but as a person”的成长；同时，前文提到另一支球队的后卫 "鼓励队友、带领团队" 的表现，正是作者学习的榜样。 答案解析：C 选项“leadership”（领导力）与后文作者的行为和成长形成精准呼应，符合“从挫折中获得成长机会”的议论主旨；A 选项“名声”、B 选项“创新”、D 选项“友谊”均与文中“带领团队、帮助队友”的核心情节不符。 一、完形填空障碍单词 1. salute /səˈluːt/n./v. 致敬，敬礼 2. bullet /ˈbʊlɪt/n. 子弹；弹幕 3. constant /ˈkɒnstənt/adj. 持续的，不懈的 4. heroism /ˈherəʊɪzəm/n. 英雄主义 5. remote /rɪˈməʊt/adj. 偏远的 6. cemetery /ˈsemətri/n. 墓地，墓园 7. martyr /ˈmɑːtə(r)/n. 烈士 8. polish /ˈpɒlɪʃ/v. 擦拭，擦亮 9. recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn/n. 认可，赞誉 10. dull /dʌl/adj. 枯燥的，无趣的 11. persist /pəˈsɪst/v. 坚持，坚守 12. resilience /rɪˈzɪliəns/n. 韧性，坚韧 13. dignity /ˈdɪɡnəti/n. 尊严 14. grace /ɡreɪs/n. 优雅，风度 15. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/n. 智慧 16. slight /slaɪt/adj. 轻微的 17. emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənl/adj. 情感的 18. reform /rɪˈfɔːm/v. 改革，改进 二、完形填空障碍短语 1. carry out 执行，完成 2. take away 拿走，夺走 3. put off 推迟 4. by chance 偶然，碰巧 5. leave a lasting impression 留下持久印象 6. be filled with 充满 7. stand firm 坚定立场 8. light up the world 照亮世界 9. out of respect 出于尊重 10. on one’s own 独自 考点3 生活经历与感悟 押题解读： 本文为生活哲理类夹叙夹议文，以作者搬家后整理书架、从追求极致有序到坦然接受无序的个人生活经历为素材，紧密贴合高中生日常生活感悟、自我和解类高频完形主题，严格遵循天津卷完形填空命题规律。文章实词占比 90% 以上，侧重考查上下文语境逻辑、情感态度转变、生活哲理推理与细节词义辨析，全程无纯语法考点、无超纲词汇与偏僻固定搭配，篇章词数约 470 词，符合天津卷高三完形篇幅标准，核心弘扬接纳不完美、与生活和解、拥抱鲜活日常的正向生活价值观。 Passage 1 主题：坦然接受书架的无序状态 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：470 It’s hard for me to remember now the exact moment when my ambition for order died. About three years ago my family moved into a new house, and among its selling points was a study with a pre-installed 1 . Just after the movers departed, I 2 separated the fiction from the non-fiction, arranging the books alphabetically (按字母顺序地) by author. Everything seemed 3 , but that didn’t last long. I recently went 4 for my copy of Lydia Davis’s Essays, a collection of non-fiction that turned up 5 sideways on a shelf where the works of Philip Roth first took up 6 . This invasion would have been unthinkable when I first moved in, and the search itself 7 more shelving chaos: Biographies now lie in memoirs and short-story collections; oversized novels rest on top of the carefully shelved, cooperatively sized trade paperbacks (统一规格的平装书). The late French novelist Georges Perec understood the 8 of shelving. In his Brief Notes on the Art and Manner of Arranging One’s Books, Perec’s discussion of the many 9 for handling your personal library only shows how 10 the task is. You could, for instance, agree only to keep 365 books in your library — buy one book, 11 one. But then, he writes, you’d have to decide what a “book” is. Is a three-volume series one book or three? Maybe it’s better to 12 365 authors instead of books. But then some books are anonymous (匿名的), and some don’t make sense without others in the same category. Perec died in 1982, with more than 1,800 books in his home library. We can 13 books alphabetically, but also by region, color, publication date, genre and more. But either way, Perec insists, we are doomed (注定) to 14 . That’s partly because any one book has so many different ways to be uncooperative. Sometimes a book 15 via size. Where do I put Chris Ware’s Building Stories, published in a board-game-sized box? And increasingly, shelving by genre is a(n) 16 . Where does the autofiction or cross-genre novels go? I had a hard time finding that Davis book, and though there were things to regret during the search, there were also things to 17 , such as the books I fondly remember. Since May 2021, I’ve been doing writing consultations over Zoom (视频会议) through a public library, which means 18 my messy shelves to public examination. I know that everybody is too polite to say anything about it. But if 19 did, I’d just tell them what Perec knew all along — a(n) 20 library is a dead one, and I’ll accept a little chaos as proof of my living. 1．A．bookshelves B．cupboard C．lamp D．carpet 2．A．equally B．honestly C．tidily D．casually 3．A．awkward B．fair C．obvious D．perfect 4．A．grabbing B．hunting C．browsing D．probing 5．A．stuffed B．displayed C．preserved D．separated 6．A．challenge B．foundation C．residence D．storage 7．A．concluded B．justified C．revealed D．separated 8．A．anxiety B．pleasure C．success D．threat 9．A．desires B．methods C．occasions D．requests 10．A．rewarding B．stunning C．impossible D．regretful 11．A．add up to B．break away from C．get rid of D．look down on 12．A．deal with B．refer to C．stick with D．turn down 13．A．advertise B．categorize C．criticize D．standardize 14．A．conflict B．exchange C．exposure D．failure 15．A．applies B．expresses C．negotiates D．resists 16．A．headache B．honor C．highlight D．luxury 17．A．discover B．report C．repair D．investigate 18．A．attaching B．devoting C．exposing D．reducing 19．A．nobody B．somebody C．everybody D．anybody 20．A．neat B．normal C．odd D．stable 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．D 16．A 17．A 18．C 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文，作者以自己搬家后整理书架、从追求极致整洁到逐渐变得杂乱的经历为切入点，结合法国小说家乔治·佩雷克对整理书籍的看法，阐释了整理私人藏书这一行为的复杂性与无解性，最终感悟到整洁的书架毫无生气，些许的杂乱反而印证着生活的鲜活，坦然接受了书架的无序状态。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约三年前，我们家搬进了一所新房子，它的卖点之一就是一间带有预装书架的书房。A. bookshelves书架；B. cupboard橱柜；C. lamp台灯；D. carpet地毯。根据后文“separated the fiction from the non-fiction, arranging the books alphabetically by author”的细节，可知书房里的设施与摆放书籍相关，预装的应是书架，“bookshelves”符合语境，故选A。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：搬家工人刚走，我就把小说和非小说类书籍整齐地分好，按作者的字母顺序排列。A. equally平等地；B. honestly诚实地；C. tidily整齐地；D. casually随意地。根据后文“arranging the books alphabetically by author”的细致整理方式，可知作者是将书籍摆放得十分整齐，“tidily”贴合这种整理状态，符合语义，故选C。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切看起来都很完美，但这种状态并没有持续多久。A. awkward尴尬的、别扭的；B. fair公平的；C. obvious明显的；D. perfect完美的。根据前文作者将书籍分类、按序摆放的细致操作，以及后文的转折“that didn’t last long”，可知起初整理后的状态是十分完美的，“perfect”符合语境，故选D。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近我找莉迪亚·戴维斯的《随笔集》，这本非小说集被胡乱塞在一个书架上，而这个位置原本是菲利普·罗斯的作品的专属位置，书还侧着放。A. grabbing抓住；B. hunting寻找；C. browsing浏览；D. probing探究、调查。根据后文“the search itself”的表述，可知此处指作者寻找这本书的过程，“hunt for”为固定搭配，意为“寻找、搜寻”，符合语义，故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近我找莉迪亚·戴维斯的《随笔集》，这本非小说集被胡乱塞在一个书架上，而这个位置原本是菲利普·罗斯的作品的专属位置，书还侧着放。A. stuffed塞、填满；B. displayed展示；C. preserved保存；D. separated分开。根据后文“sideways on a shelf”以及“shelving chaos”的语境，可知这本书被随意地塞在书架上，摆放状态杂乱，“stuffed”能体现这种随意塞放的状态，符合语义，故选A。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近我找莉迪亚·戴维斯的《随笔集》，这本非小说集被胡乱塞在一个书架上，而这个位置原本是菲利普·罗斯的作品的专属位置，书还侧着放。A. challenge挑战；B. foundation基础；C. residence居住处、专属区域；D. storage储存。根据前文“the works of Philip Roth”以及后文的“invasion”，可知这个书架原本是菲利普·罗斯作品的专属摆放区域，莉迪亚·戴维斯的书放进来属于“侵占”，“residence”在此处可引申为“专属区域”，符合语境，故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我刚搬进来的时候，这种“侵占”是难以想象的，而这次寻找本身也暴露了更多书架的杂乱状况：传记混在回忆录和短篇小说集里；大开本的小说堆在摆放整齐、规格统一的平装书上。A. concluded得出结论；B. justified证明……合理；C. revealed暴露、揭示；D. separated分开。根据后文“oversized novels rest on top of the carefully shelved, cooperatively sized trade paperbacks”对书架杂乱状况的具体描述，可知作者的这次寻找过程，让书架的各种杂乱问题显现了出来，“revealed”符合“寻找过程暴露问题”的逻辑，故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：已故法国小说家乔治·佩雷克深谙整理书架的焦虑。A. anxiety焦虑；B. pleasure愉悦；C. success成功；D. threat威胁。根据后文“our personal library only shows how 　　　the task is”，可知整理书籍过程中出现的各种难以解决的问题，所以整理书架这件事会让人产生焦虑，“anxiety”贴合后文的语境，故选A。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在《整理书籍的艺术与方式简记》中，佩雷克探讨了打理私人藏书的多种方法，却恰恰说明这项任务是多么难以完成。A. desires渴望；B. methods方法；C. occasions场合；D. requests要求。根据后文“You could, for instance, agree only to keep 365 books in your library”的举例，可知此处指佩雷克探讨了整理书籍的不同方法，“methods”符合语境，故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在《整理书籍的艺术与方式简记》中，佩雷克探讨了打理私人藏书的多种方法，却恰恰说明这项任务是多么难以完成。A. rewarding有回报的；B. stunning令人震惊的；C. impossible不可能的、难以完成的；D. regretful后悔的。根据后文佩雷克对各种整理方法的质疑，比如“you’d have to decide what a “book” is”可知，即便有多种整理方法，整理书籍的任务依旧难以完成，“impossible”贴合这种“方法再多也无法解决问题”的语境，故选C。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：例如，你可以同意你的书房里只保留365本书——买一本，扔一本。A. add up to总计达；B. break away from脱离；C. get rid of摆脱、扔掉；D. look down on轻视。根据前文“only to keep 365 books in your library”的前提，可知要维持书籍数量不变，买新的就需要扔掉旧的，“get rid of”符合这一逻辑，故选C。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许最好是坚持限定365位作者，而不是365本书。A. deal with处理；B. refer to参考、提及；C. stick with坚持；D. turn down拒绝、调低。根据前文对“365本书”这一方法的质疑以及前文“it’s better to”和后文“365 authors instead of books”，可知此处提出新的方法——限定365位作者，建议坚持这一方法，“stick with”符合语境，故选C。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以按字母顺序给书籍分类，也可以按地区、颜色、出版日期、体裁等分类。A. advertise做广告；B. categorize分类、归类；C. criticize批评；D. standardize使标准化。根据后文“by region, color, publication date, genre and more”的表述，可知这些都是给书籍分类的不同方式，“categorize”符合语义，故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但佩雷克坚持认为，无论哪种方式，我们注定会失败。A. conflict冲突；B. exchange交换；C. exposure暴露；D. failure失败。根据后文“That’s partly because any one book has so many different ways to be uncooperative”解释原因，可知因为书籍本身存在各种难以协调的问题，所以无论用哪种方法整理，最终都会失败，“failure”符合语境，故选D。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时一本书会因尺寸问题难以被规整摆放。A. applies应用；B. expresses表达；C. negotiates协商；D. resists抗拒、拒不配合。根据后文“Where do I put Chris Ware’s Building Stories, published in a board-game-sized box?”的举例，可知有些书籍因特殊的尺寸，无法被顺利地整理摆放，也就是“抗拒”被规整，“resists”贴合语义，故选D。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且越来越多的是，按体裁分类摆放成了一件令人头疼的事。A. headache令人头疼的事；B. honor荣誉；C. highlight亮点；D. luxury奢侈品。根据后文“Where does the autofiction or cross-genre novels go?”的问题，可知跨界体裁、自传体小说这类书籍，无法被准确归到某一体裁中，按体裁整理因此成了难题，令人头疼，“headache”符合语境，故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我费了很大劲才找到那本戴维斯的书，虽然在寻找的过程中有一些遗憾的事，但也有一些新的发现，比如那些我满怀深情记起的书。A. discover发现；B. report报道；C. repair修理；D. investigate调查。根据后文“such as the books I fondly remember”的表述，可知作者在杂乱的书架中寻找书籍时，意外发现了那些自己怀念的书，这是寻找过程中的收获，“discover”符合语义，故选A。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2021年5月以来，我一直通过公共图书馆的视频会议提供写作咨询，这意味着我的杂乱书架要暴露在公众的视线中。A. attaching附上；B. devoting致力于；C. exposing暴露；D. reducing减少。根据前文“doing writing consultations over Zoom”以及后文“my messy shelves to public examination”，可知视频会议时，作者的书架会被他人看到，即暴露在公众视线中，“expose...to...”为固定搭配，意为“将……暴露于……”，符合语境，故选C。 19．考查代词词义辨析。句意：但如果有人真的提了（书架杂乱的问题），我会告诉他们佩雷克一直都明白的道理——整洁的书架是毫无生气的，我愿意接受些许的杂乱，以此证明我生活的鲜活。A. nobody没有人；B. somebody某个人；C. everybody每个人；D. anybody任何人。根据前文“I know that everybody is too polite to say anything about it”的表述，可知大家都出于礼貌不会提及书架的杂乱，此处是假设“某个人”提及这一问题的情况，“somebody”符合这种假设语境，故选B。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果有人真的提了（书架杂乱的问题），我会告诉他们佩雷克一直都明白的道理——整洁的书架是毫无生气的，我愿意接受些许的杂乱，以此证明我生活的鲜活。A. neat整洁的；B. normal正常的；C. odd奇怪的；D. stable稳定的。根据后文“I’ll accept a little chaos as proof of my living”的表述，可知作者将“整洁的书架”与“些许杂乱的书架”对比，认为整洁的书架是没有生气的，“neat”与“chaos”形成反义对应，符合语境，故选A。 区分叙事逻辑与议论逻辑 夹叙夹议文存在双重逻辑：叙事逻辑（围绕时间、因果、转折等展开，描述事件发展）和议论逻辑（围绕观点、态度、感悟等展开，表达作者思考）。通过区分这两种逻辑，可针对不同语境选择符合逻辑的选项。 【考例01--2025年天津6月考第 5题】However, I only made the B team, 5 I worked my hardest. 5. A. as if B. in case C. now that D. even though 逻辑分析：本句属于叙事逻辑，描述作者“努力”与“未能进入 A 队”之间的转折关系。“worked my hardest”（尽最大努力）与“only made the B team”（只进入 B 队）形成语义上的反差，需要转折连词连接。 答案解析：D 选项“even though”（尽管）引导让步状语从句，符合“努力却未达预期”的转折叙事逻辑；A 选项“好像”、B 选项“以防”、C 选“既然”均无法体现这种转折关系。 【考例02--2025年天津6月考第 19题】When facing challenges in life, some people 19 them with optimism,while others tend to complain. 19. A. create B. approach C. influence D. perform 逻辑分析：本句属于议论逻辑，通过对比两种人面对挑战的不同态度，强化 "乐观" 的主旨。空格处动词需与“challenges”（挑战）搭配，体现“面对挑战”的语义，与后文“complain”（抱怨）形成态度对比。 答案解析：B 选项“approach”（应对、处理）与“challenges”搭配，准确表达“以乐观态度应对挑战”的议论逻辑；A 选项“创造”、C 选项“影响”、D 选项“执行”均无法与“挑战”构成合理搭配，不符合议论语境。 一、完形填空障碍单词 1. ambition /æmˈbɪʃn/n. 追求；抱负 2. pre-installed /ˌpriː ɪnˈstɔːld/adj. 预装的 3. depart /dɪˈpɑːt/v. 离开；出发 4. alphabetically /ˌælfəˈbetɪkli/adv.按字母顺序地 5. sideways /ˈsaɪdweɪz/adv. 斜着；侧向地 6. invasion /ɪnˈveɪʒn/n. 侵占；闯入 7. memoir /ˈmemwɑː(r)/n. 回忆录 8. cooperative /kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/adj. 配合的 9. anxiety /æŋˈzaɪəti/n. 焦虑；烦恼 10. anonymous /əˈnɒnɪməs/adj. 匿名的；无名的 11. categorize /ˈkætəɡəraɪz/v. 分类；归类 12. genre /ˈʒɒnrə/n. 体裁；类型 13. doomed /duːmd/adj. 注定的 14. uncooperative /ˌʌnkəʊˈɒpərətɪv/adj.不配合的 15. consultation /ˌkɒnslˈteɪʃn/n. 咨询；磋商 16. messy /ˈmesi/adj. 杂乱的；凌乱的 17. awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/adj. 尴尬的；别扭的 18. justify /ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ/v. 证明…… 合理 19. standardize /ˈstændədaɪz/v. 使标准化 20. stable /ˈsteɪbl/adj. 稳定的；固定的 二、完形填空障碍短语 1. hunt for 寻找；搜寻 2. take up residence 占据专属位置 3. get rid of 摆脱；丢弃 4. stick with 坚持；固守 5. deal with 处理；应对 6. refer to 参考；提及 7. turn down 拒绝；调低 8. add up to 总计；达到 9. break away from 脱离；摆脱 10. look down on 轻视；看不起 11. expose…to… 使…… 暴露于…… 12. in chaos 处于混乱中 Passage 1 主题：在教练的鼓励下加入越野队学会关注自我突破 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：358 I never truly understood the meaning of “peer pressure” until I joined the cross-country team in my freshman year. The training was 1 than I had imagined. Every morning, we were expected to 2 for training before the sun was up. Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed and 3 . I started to doubt my own ability to 4 . One rainy morning, I was particularly 5 . My legs felt heavy, and I was falling far behind the rest. The thought of just stopping and going home felt like a better 6 . Just then, our coach, Mr. Evans, jogged up beside me. “Stop looking at them,” he said, his voice calm but firm. “You’re not running their race. You need to find your own 7 .” His words were simple, but they struck me. I had been so focused on 8 myself to others that I had forgotten why I started running in the first place. It wasn’t to be the best on the team; it was to 9 my own limits and get stronger. From that day on, I chose a different 10 . I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me and started celebrating my own 11 , however small. Over time, running became less of a 12 and more of a joy. I didn’t become the fastest runner, but I became the best 13 of myself. This lesson went far beyond the running track. In group projects or when studying for exams, I learned to work in my own 14 , without being 15 by what others were achieving. Now, whenever I see a teammate struggling with 16 , I share Mr. Evans’s advice. But true success comes from following your own path. This experience taught me an important life lesson: your journey is 17 . Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions 18 your own inner voice. Life isn’t about 19 against everyone else; it’s about winning against who you were yesterday — finding joy in small steps forward, and pride in how far you’ve come. And that is a journey everyone can 20 . 1．A．clearer B．faster C．smoother D．tougher 2．A．turn up B．check in C．show off D．go ahead 3．A．out of date B．out of place C．out of mind D．out of work 4．A．hang out B．set off C．keep up D．calm down 5．A．nervous B．confident C．upset D．energetic 6．A．future B．choice C．chance D．deal 7．A．goal B．answer C．talent D．duty 8．A．committing B．revealing C．devoting D．comparing 9．A．feel B．remove C．test D．set 10．A．role B．attitude C．rule D．environment 11．A．story B．journey C．worth D．progress 12．A．habit B．community C．philosophy D．struggle 13．A．version B．form C．type D．luck 14．A．order B．style C．group D．time 15．A．frightened B．discouraged C．puzzled D．annoyed 16．A．doubt B．motivation C．change D．concentration 17．A．endless B．precious C．beautiful D．unique 18．A．hold back B．speak out C．pipe up D．tone down 19．A．guarding B．turning C．competing D．defending 20．A．plan B．conclude C．appreciate D．pause 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．B 16．A 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者加入越野队后，在教练的鼓励下学会关注自我、突破自我并领悟人生道理的故事。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练比我想象的要艰难得多。A. clearer更清晰的；B. faster更快的；C. smoother更平滑的；D. tougher更艰难的。根据后文“Every morning, we were expected to ______ for training before the sun was up. Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”可知，每天早上都要在太阳升起前开始训练。且看到其他跑步者又快又熟练，作者感到尴尬，说明训练比想象的要艰难。故选D。 2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天早上，我们都要在太阳升起前到场参加训练。A. turn up出现，到场；B. check in登记；C. show off炫耀；D. go ahead继续。根据后文“for training before the sun was up”可知，到场训练要在太阳升起前。故选A。 3．考查介词短语辨析。句意：看到所有其他跑步者都那么快、那么熟练，我感到尴尬和格格不入。A. out of date过时的；B. out of place格格不入，不自在；C. out of mind心不在焉；D. out of work失业。根据上文“Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed and”可知，作者觉得自己和别人差距大，感到不自在、格格不入。故选B。 4．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始怀疑自己是否有能力跟上。A. hang out闲逛；B. set off出发；C. keep up跟上；D. calm down冷静。根据上文“I started to doubt my own ability to”以及后文“The thought of just stopping and going home felt like a better”作者想要放弃，可推测作者怀疑自己是否能跟上其他跑步者。故选C。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的早晨，我特别沮丧。A. nervous紧张的；B. confident自信的；C. upset沮丧的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“My legs felt heavy, and I was falling far behind the rest.”可知，作者腿很沉，远远落在后面，所以作者很沮丧。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：停下来回家的想法感觉是个更好的选择。A. future未来；B. choice选择；C. chance机会；D. deal交易。根据上文“The thought of just stopping and going home felt like a better”可知，作者很沮丧，觉得停下来回家的想法感觉是个更好的选择。故选B。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你需要找到你自己的目标。A. goal目标；B. answer答案；C. talent才能；D. duty责任。根据后文“It wasn’t to be the best on the team; it was to ______ my own limits and get stronger.”可知，此处指找到自己的目标，不是成为团队中最好的，而是测试自己的极限，变得更强。故选A。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直太专注于将自己与他人进行比较，以至于忘记了最初为什么开始跑步。A. committing承诺；B. revealing揭示；C. devoting致力于；D. comparing比较。根据前文“Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”和后文“myself to others”、“I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me”可知，此处指将自己与他人进行比较。故选D。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它不是为了成为团队中最好的；而是为了测试自己的极限，变得更强。A. feel感觉；B. remove去除；C. test测试；D. set设置。根据后文“my own limits and get stronger”可知，跑步是为了测试自己的极限，变得更强。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我选择了不同的态度。A. role角色；B. attitude态度；C. rule规则；D. environment环境。根据后文“I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me and started celebrating my own”可知，作者不再关注前面的跑步者，即选择了不同的态度。故选B。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再关注前面的跑步者，而是开始庆祝自己的进步，无论多么微小。A. story故事；B. journey旅行；C. worth价值；D. progress进步。根据前文“I stopped focusing on the runners ahead of me and started celebrating my own”和后文“however small”可知，此处指作者庆祝自己的进步，无论多么微小。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，跑步不再是一种挣扎，而是一种快乐。A. habit习惯；B. community社区；C. philosophy哲学；D. struggle挣扎。根据前文“running became less of a”和后文“and more of a joy”可知，跑步从一种挣扎变成了一种快乐。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有成为最快的跑步者，但我成为了最好的自己。A. version版本；B. form形式；C. type类型；D. luck运气。根据后文“of myself”可知，此处指成为最好的自己，即自己的最佳版本。故选A。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在小组项目或备考时，我学会了以自己的方式做事，而不被别人的成就所气馁。A. order命令；B. style方式；C. group团体；D. time时间。根据前文“I learned to work in my own”和后文“without being ______ by what others were achieving”可知，作者学会了不被别人的成就所气馁，此处指以自己的方式做事。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在小组项目或备考时，我学会了以自己的方式做事，而不被别人的成就所气馁。A. frightened使害怕；B. discouraged使气馁；C. puzzled使困惑；D. annoyed惹恼。根据前文“Seeing all the other runners, so fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”和后文“by what others were achieving”可知，此处与前文形成对比，指不被别人的成就所气馁。故选B。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我看到队友在怀疑中挣扎时，我都会分享埃文斯先生的建议。A. doubt怀疑；B. motivation动机；C. change改变；D. concentration集中。呼应上文“I started to doubt my own ability”指作者看到队友在怀疑中挣扎。故选A。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但真正的成功来自于走自己的路。这段经历给了我重要的人生教训：你的旅程是独一无二的。A. endless无尽的；B. precious宝贵的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. unique独特的，独一无二的。根据后文“Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions”可知，不要让别人的意见影响自己，说明每个人的旅程都是独一无二的。故选D。 18．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要让别人的意见阻碍你内心的声音。A. hold back阻碍；B. speak out大声说出；C. pipe up突然插话；D. tone down缓和。根据前文“Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions”和后文“your own inner voice”可知，此处指不要被外界意见压制内心想法，不要让别人的意见阻碍自己内心的声音。故选A。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活不是与每个人竞争；而是要战胜昨天的你——在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲。A. guarding守卫；B. turning转弯；C. competing竞争；D. defending防御。根据后文“against everyone else; it’s about winning against who you were yesterday”可知，生活是在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲，所以生活不是与每个人竞争。故选C。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一段每个人都能欣赏的旅程。A. plan计划；B. conclude总结；C. appreciate欣赏；D. pause暂停。根据上文“finding joy in small steps forward, and pride in how far you’ve come”可知，在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲，说明这是一段每个人都能欣赏的旅程。故选C。 Passage 2 主题：感悟大学是包容试错大胆尝试的成长时光 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：461 I first began to wonder what I was doing on a college campus when my parents left me standing pitifully in a parking lot. The fact was that no matter how 1 I liked to consider myself, I was feeling just a bit first-gradish. 2 to my concern was the impression that everyone on campus was watching me. My plan was to keep my mouth 3 and hope no one would notice I was a 4 . The next morning, I marched in my first class and opened my Collection of American literature. “Welcome to Biology,” the professor began. I searched for my 5 and found I was in the wrong room. Leave in the middle of the lecture? Wouldn’t the 6 be angry? I knew everyone would 7 . Forget it. I settled into my chair and 8 the scientific pose of a biology major. After class I hurried to the canteen. I was heading for the salad bar 9 I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup. Just as I tried to move, my food tray (托盘) tipped and I lost my 10 . As my bottom met the floor, I saw my entire life pass before my eyes. How nice it would be if no one had noticed! But as all the students there came to their feet, table by table, cheering and clapping, I knew they had not only noticed, they were 11 that I would never forget it. For three days I ate junk food alone. On the fourth day I needed some real food. I made my way through the food line and tiptoed to a table, where I collapsed in 12 . Suddenly I heard a crash that sounded 13 . I looked up to see that another poor student slipped. My heart went out to him as people began to cheer and clap as they had for me. He got up, hands held high above his head in a victory clasp, grinning. He didn’t slide out as I had expected. 14 , he turned around and began preparing another tray. And that’s when I realized I had been taking myself too 15 . Who cared whether I dropped a tray or whether I 16 in the wrong lecture? Nobody. 17 was not so important in college. Once I recognized that I had no one’s 18 to live up to but my own, I relaxed and began to view college as a wonderful experiment. I tried on new experiences like articles of clothing, checking their 19 and judging their worth. College, I decided, was probably the only time I would be completely 20 for mistakes. So I used the opportunity to make all the ones I thought I’d never make. 1．A．academic B．positive C．mature D．genuine 2．A．Adding B．Adapting C．Committing D．Sticking 3．A．full B．shut C．wide D．open 4．A．senior B．professional C．junior D．freshman 5．A．assignment B．textbook C．appointment D．schedule 6．A．classmates B．assistant C．professor D．director 7．A．leave B．yell C．stare D．clap 8．A．put on B．set aside C．gave away D．took off 9．A．before B．when C．while D．until 10．A．chance B．speed C．balance D．nerve 11．A．determined B．surprised C．disappointed D．ashamed 12．A．amazement B．alarm C．anxiety D．relief 13．A．strange B．fascinating C．familiar D．reasonable 14．A．Instead B．Moreover C．Still D．However 15．A．kindly B．seriously C．personally D．modestly 16．A．set out B．broke down C．signed up for D．showed up 17．A．Attendance B．Appearance C．Perfection D．Discipline 18．A．criticisms B．promises C．suggestions D．expectations 19．A．fit B．location C．story D．procedure 20．A．recognized B．forgiven C．praised D．blamed 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．B 16．D 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者初入大学接连出糗倍感窘迫，见同学滑倒后坦然面对才醒悟，大学无需追求完美，是包容试错、可大胆尝试的成长时光。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实是，无论我自认为有多成熟，心里却感觉自己像个刚上一年级的小学生一样。A. academic学业的，学校的；B. positive积极乐观的，自信的；C. mature成熟的，理智的；D. genuine真的，名副其实的。根据后文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可知，作者当时的感觉是一年级小学生，比较稚嫩；且设空句“no matter how ______”应是表达让步转折，所选应是“稚嫩”的反义词“mature”。故选C项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我更忧心的是，我总觉得校园里的所有人都在盯着我看。A. Adding添加；B. Adapting适应，改编；C. Committing承诺，投入；D. Sticking坚持，粘贴。根据前文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可知，作者已感到窘迫，后文“everyone on campus was watching me”的想法进一步加重了这种担忧。“add to…”有“增加，加剧”含义。故选A项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的计划是闭上嘴巴，希望没人能发现我是个大一新生。A. full满的；B. shut关闭的；C. wide宽的，常修饰具体事物；D. open开放的，敞开心扉的。根据前文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可推知，作者是大学一年级新生，而又害怕被发现是新生，所以计划“闭上嘴巴”，少说话避免出错。故选B项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的计划是闭上嘴巴，希望没人能发现我是个大一新生。A. senior高年级学生，大四学生，长辈；B. professional专业人士，职业选手；C. junior低年级学生，大三学生，晚辈；D. freshman大一新生，新手。根据前文“I was feeling just a bit first-gradish”可推知，作者是大学一年级新生。故选D项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我赶紧翻找课程表，这才发现自己进错了教室。A. assignment作业，任务，分配；B. textbook课本，教科书；C. appointment预约，约会，任命；D. schedule日程表，课程表，安排。根据后文“found I was in the wrong room”可推知，作者在教授报出科目之后，查看了课程表，发现自己进错了教室。故选D项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：教授会不会生气呢？A. classmates同学；B. assistant助手，助教；C. professor教授；D. director主任，主管，导演。根据前文“Leave in the middle of the lecture?”可推知，教授已经开始讲课，中途离开，作者担心教授会生气。故选C项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道所有人都会盯着我看。A. leave离开，留下，放弃；B. yell大喊，尖叫，呼喊；C. stare凝视，盯着看；D. clap拍手，鼓掌，轻拍。根据前文“Leave in the middle of the lecture?”可推知，教授已经开始讲课，中途离开的话，会引人注目。故选C项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我坐在椅子上，假装摆出生物专业学生的专业模样。A. put on穿上，假装，增加（体重）；B. set aside留出，搁置，把……放一边；C. gave away赠送，泄露，分发；D. took off脱下，（飞机）起飞。根据前文“I settled into my chair(我坐到了椅子上)”可推知，作者没有离开，而是坐在椅子上上课，同时结合前文“found I was in the wrong room”可推知，作者并不是生物学专业的学生，因此，“生物学专业学生的姿态”是假装出来的。A项“put on”有“摆出（某种姿态），假装”含义。故选A项。 9．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我正走向沙拉区，突然一不小心踩进了一大滩番茄酱里。A. before在……之前；B. when当……时；C. while当……时，然而；D. until直到……为止。分析前后语境可知，“I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup.”为时间状语从句，从句动作与主句动作“was heading for”同时发生，从句动作为短暂性动作，应是用“when”引导从句。故选B项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刚想挪步，餐盘就歪了，我也一下子失去了平衡。A. chance机会，可能性；B. speed速度；C. balance平衡；D. nerve勇气，神经。根据前文“I accidentally stepped in a large puddle of ketchup”可推知，踩到了番茄酱有滑倒的可能，即失去平衡（lose one’s balance）。故选C项。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：可当所有学生都一桌接一桌地站起来，欢呼鼓掌时，我知道他们不仅看到了，还决意要让我永远记住这个瞬间。A. determined坚定的，下定决心的；B. surprised惊讶的，意外的；C. disappointed失望的，沮丧的；D. ashamed羞愧的，惭愧的。根据前文“But as all the students there came to their feet, table by table, cheering and clapping”可推知， 所有学生都站起来欢呼鼓掌，这让已经摔倒在地的作者对这件事情“铭记于心”了，由此推知，这里可用“be determined that…(决定要做某事)”，表达“其他学生决意要让作者永远记住这个窘迫的瞬间”。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我挤过排队打饭的队伍，踮着脚走到一张桌子前，在那里我松了一口气。A. amazement惊讶，诧异；B. alarm警报，恐慌；C. anxiety焦虑，忧虑；D. relief宽慰，解脱。根据上文“made my way through the food line and tiptoed to a table”可知，作者在经历了尴尬之后，挤出人群，松了一口气。故选D项。 13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我听到一声碰撞声，那声音听着格外熟悉。A. strange奇怪的，陌生的；B. fascinating迷人的，极具吸引力的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. reasonable合理的，公道的，通情达理的。分析语境可知，这里的“sound(声音)”应是指后文“another poor student slipped”提及的“摔倒的声音”，作者对此很熟悉。故选C项。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他转过身，开始重新准备另一个托盘。A. Instead反而，代替；B. Moreover此外，而且；C. Still仍然；依旧；D. However然而，但是。根据前文“He didn’t slide out as I had expected.(他没有像我预料的那样溜出去。)”以及后文“he turned around and began preparing another tray”可推知，作者本以为这个滑倒的学生会像自己一样悄悄溜走（前文作者的做法），但他反而转过身去重新准备托盘，可用“instead”否定了作者的预期，表“取而代之的行为”。故选A项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我意识到自己之前一直把一切看得太较真了。A. kindly亲切地，仁慈地，好心地；B. seriously认真地，严重地；C. personally亲自地，就个人而言；D. modestly谦虚地，谦逊地。根据前文“he turned around and began preparing another tray”可推知，这位像作者一样滑倒的学生，并没有溜出去，而是转过身去重新准备托盘，这种坦然让作者意识到自己之前太较真了，把一次出糗看得过于重要。“take sth seriously”，意为“认真对待某事”，符合语境。故选B项。 16．考查动词短语辨析。句意：谁会在意我摔了餐盘，或是走错了教室呢？A. set out出发，动身，着手做；B. broke down出故障，分解，崩溃（情绪）；C. signed up for报名参加（课程、活动等）；D. showed up出现，露面，到场。根据后文“in the wrong lecture”可推知，这里对应前文 “走错生物课” 的经历。“show up”有“出现，到场”含义。故选D项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：完美，在大学里并没有那么重要。A. Attendance出席，出勤；B. Appearance外貌，出现，露面；C. Perfection完美，极致；D. Discipline纪律，自律，学科。根据前文“Who cared whether I dropped a tray or whether I ________ in the wrong lecture? Nobody.”可知，在作者看来，这些小失误在大学里是允许的，无需要求完美，不出错。故选C项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我意识到，除了自己的期许，我不必去达到任何人的期望时，我终于放松下来，开始把大学看作一场奇妙的尝试。A. criticisms批评，指责；B. promises承诺，诺言；C. suggestions建议，提议；D. expectations期望，期待。根据后文动词“live up to”可推知，这里应是“不辜负某人的期望”。故选D项。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我像试穿衣服一样尝试各种新经历，感受其中的适配与否，衡量它们的价值。A. fit适合，合身，健康；B. location位置，地点，场所；C. story故事，经历，情节；D. procedure程序，手续，步骤。根据前文“I tried on new experiences like articles of clothing”可知，作者将尝试新经历比作“试穿衣服”，试衣服的核心是看是否合身。故选A项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认定，大学或许是我唯一一段犯了错也能被彻底原谅的时光。A. recognized认可，认出，意识到；B. forgiven原谅，宽恕；C. praised表扬，称赞；D. blamed责备，指责。根据前文“Who cared whether I dropped a tray or whether I ________ in the wrong lecture? Nobody.”可知，在作者看来，失误在大学里是允许的，可以被原谅。故选B项。 Passage 3 主题：感悟名字承载的文化意义与身份联结 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：315 I’ve grown used to the pause when someone hears my name — Goodluck — and looks at me with 1 or curiosity. “Wait, is that really your name?” “How do you spell it?” It’s something I didn’t think would require a lot of 2 . Back in Nigeria, this never happened. Names like Precious, Beauty, Grace, were 3 . Mine was just another name in the system. I didn’t 4 how different my name was until I traveled to the United States to continue my education when I was 19 years old. That was when “Goodluck” started to 5 . I thought it would be easy to remember — 6 , it’s something people say to each other. But 7 recognition, it was met with repetition and disbelief. I had to repeat it countless times and 8 that I was not joking. But I also felt a sense of 9 ; I never had to change my name to 10 , to replace it with something that won’t be “damaged” when pronounced. I’ve met people who 11 the names their families gave them just to avoid the 15-minute pronunciation 12 . While I understood their reasons, it made me more proud that I didn’t have to 13 . In Nigerian culture, names are more than words — they’re 14 . Some 15 the circumstances of birth, while others are blessings or even prayers for the child’s future. Mine remains a 16 . I’ve never asked why my parents chose it. To me, the meaning isn’t something I need answered 17 — it’s meant to be discovered as I grow. What started as just a name has become a part of me. It’s also one of the few things I’ve carried 18 . In a new country, my name has become a 19 that connects me to my roots, a reminder that home isn’t 20 — it’s something I carry with me. 1．A．excitement B．disappointment C．confusion D．satisfaction 2．A．translation B．intention C．description D．explanation 3．A．common B．exceptional C．accessible D．smart 4．A．understand B．realize C．doubt D．wonder 5．A．stand out B．come about C．get down D．go away 6．A．in theory B．in consequence C．after all D．above all 7．A．apart from B．instead of C．in spite of D．up to 8．A．inform B．determine C．ensure D．insist 9．A．confidence B．intelligence C．gratitude D．belonging 10．A．show off B．fit in C．hold on D．catch up 11．A．pick B．accept C．earn D．drop 12．A．lesson B．analysis C．investigation D．direction 13．A．negotiate B．compromise C．evaluate D．offend 14．A．desires B．missions C．messages D．predictions 15．A．illustrate B．reflect C．highlight D．fascinate 16．A．trend B．coincidence C．reflection D．mystery 17．A．eventually B．accurately C．gradually D．immediately 18．A．unchanged B．disqualified C．empowered D．involved 19．A．clue B．thread C．signal D．trick 20．A．turned down B．left behind C．broke up D．set aside 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．D 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．B 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者从尼日利亚到美国后，因名字引发的文化差异体验，以及名字承载的文化意义与身份联结。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已经习惯了别人听到我的名字Goodluck时的停顿，以及他们带着困惑或好奇看着我。A. excitement兴奋；B. disappointment失望；C. confusion困惑；D. satisfaction满意。根据上文“the pause when someone hears my name”及下文““Wait, is that really your name?” “How do you spell it?””可知，人们听到这个名字时是疑惑的。故选C。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我原本觉得这不需要太多解释。A. translation翻译；B. intention意图；C. description描述；D. explanation解释。根据上文“I didn’t think”及下文“Back in Nigeria, this never happened”可知，作者未曾料想到自己需要对名字做过多说明。故选D。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在尼日利亚，这种事从未发生过。像Precious、Beauty、Grace这样的名字很常见。A. common常见的；B. exceptional例外的；C. accessible可获得的；D. smart聪明的。根据上文“Back in Nigeria, this never happened”及下文“Mine was just another name in the system.”可知，这类名字在作者的老家并不稀奇。故选A。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到19岁去美国继续学业，我才意识到我的名字有多特别。A. understand理解；B. realize意识到；C. doubt怀疑；D. wonder想知道。根据下文“until I traveled to the United States to continue my education”及“it was met with repetition and disbelief”可知，作者是到了美国才察觉到名字的特殊性。故选B。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也就是从那时起，Goodluck这个名字开始引人注目。A. stand out引人注目；B. come about发生；C. get down下来；D. go away离开。根据下文“it was met with repetition and disbelief”及“I had to repeat it countless times and ____ that I was not joking”可知，美国人对Goodluck这个名字的反应体现出它开始变得突出、受关注。故选A。 6．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我以为它会很容易记住，毕竟，这是人们互相会说的话。A. in theory理论上；B. in consequence因此；C. after all毕竟；D. above all首先。根据上文“I thought it would be easy to remember”及下文“it’s something people say to each other”的前后逻辑可知，此处是解释名字容易记的原因——它本身是常用语，after all用于补充说明理由。故选C。 7．考查介词短语辨析。句意：但它得到的不是认可，而是重复和怀疑。A. apart from除了；B. instead of而不是；C. in spite of尽管；D. up to多达。根据下文“recognition”及“it was met with repetition and disbelief”可知，实际情况与被认可相反。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不得不无数次重复它，并坚称我不是在开玩笑。A. inform通知；B. determine决定；C. ensure确保；D. insist坚持。根据上文“I had to repeat it countless times”及下文“that I was not joking”可知，作者需要反复强调这一点。故选D。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我也心怀一份感激：我从来不需要为了融入而改名，不需要换成一个发音时不会“出错”的名字。A. confidence自信；B. intelligence智力；C. gratitude感激；D. belonging归属感。 根据下文“it made me more proud that I didn’t have to”及作者对自己名字承载文化意义的认同可知，作者对自己无需改名、能保留名字的独特性这件事心怀感激。故选C。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但我也心怀一份感激：我从来不需要为了融入而改名，不需要换成一个发音时不会“出错”的名字。A. show off炫耀；B. fit in融入；C. hold on坚持；D. catch up追上。根据下文“just to avoid the 15-minute pronunciation ____”可知，他人改名是为了适应、融入环境。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过一些人，他们放弃了家人给的名字，只是为了避免15分钟的发音课程。A. pick挑选；B. accept接受；C. earn赚得；D. drop丢，放弃。根据下文“just to avoid the 15-minute pronunciation __12__”可知，这些人不再使用原来的名字。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我遇到过一些人，他们放弃了家人给的名字，只是为了避免15分钟的发音课程。A. lesson课程；B. analysis分析；C. investigation调查；D. direction方向。根据上文“repeat it countless times”可推知，此处指每次需要解释名字发音的过程像课程一样耗时。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我理解他们的理由，但我为自己不必妥协而更自豪。A. negotiate协商；B. compromise妥协；C. evaluate评估；D. offend冒犯。根据上文“I never had to change my name”可知，作者没有做出让步。故选B。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在尼日利亚文化中，名字不只是词语，它们还是信息。A. desires渴望；B. missions任务；C. messages信息；D. predictions预测。根据下文“the circumstances of birth”及“blessings or even prayers for the child’s future”可知，名字承载着特定含义。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些反映出生的境遇，而另一些则是对孩子未来的祝福甚至祈祷。A. illustrate说明；B. reflect反映；C. highlight强调；D. fascinate使着迷。根据上文“names are more than words”及下文“the circumstances of birth”可知，名字是对出生情况的体现。故选B。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的名字仍然是个谜。A. trend趋势；B. coincidence巧合；C. reflection反思；D. mystery谜。根据下文“I’ve never asked why my parents chose it”可知，作者不知道名字的由来。故选D。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，它的意义不是我需要立刻知道的，它注定要在我成长过程中被发现。A. eventually最终；B. accurately准确地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. immediately立刻。根据下文“it’s meant to be discovered as I grow”可知，作者不需要马上知道名字的意义，而是在成长过程中去探索去发现。故选D。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它也是我为数不多的、一直未改变的东西之一。A. unchanged未改变的；B. disqualified不合格的；C. empowered被赋予权力的；D. involved参与的。根据上文“I never had to change my name”可知，名字是作者保留下来的、未改变的事物。故选A。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个新的国家，我的名字成了联结我血脉根源的纽带，它时刻提醒我：家从未远去，而是与我如影随形。A. clue线索；B. thread线，贯穿的主线；C. signal信号；D. trick诡计。根据下文“connects me to my roots”可知，名字是一种联结的纽带。故选B。 20．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在一个新的国家，我的名字成了联结我血脉根源的纽带，它时刻提醒我：家从未远去，而是与我如影随形。A. turned down拒绝；B. left behind抛下；C. broke up破裂；D. set aside留出。根据下文“it’s something I carry with me”可知，此处是指家并没有因作者离开故国而被抛下。故选B。 Passage 4 主题：CEO将自己的爱好转变为成功事业的励志故事 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：305 Most of us probably have a few hours a week that we can devote to our entertainment or hobbies. What if you could transform your 1 into a career? As the old saying goes, “If you find a job you love, you will 2 work a day in your life.” But the saying is a little too 3 for Peter, CEO of Fossil Realm. Peter’s hobby of 4 fossil began in high school. His parents worked at the Royal Ontario Museum and set up a nature summer camp, so he showed a(n) interest in natural history. Peter recalls saving his 5 at 13 to attend a mineral trade show in Detroit where he 6 a few pieces of fossil, including a trilobite (三叶虫) from Morocco. Returning home in Canada, he 7 to sell all of the pieces for a profit. This 8 success led to his more trips south, and 9 Peter began auctioning (拍卖) his finds online. The business helped to 10 him through college. And by graduation, he opened his own ecommerce store, Fossil Realm and couldn’t 11 doing anything else. Running Fossil Realm is really a(n) 12 business; however, he says, “Though your business just centers on your 13 , that doesn’t mean it’ll 14 easily, nor will it necessarily been enjoyable or fulfilling.” His Fossil Realm has 15 his business, including many museum-quality finds, such as an ichthyosaur (鱼龙) skeleton 16 at $195,000. But the 17 of his success is that he never loses a childhood 18 about fossils. Peter’s success tells us that the important 19 outside of your skill and confidence is the capacity to focus on ideas that you feel passionate about. Having passion will push you to 20 something you love and transform that love into action. 1．A．journey B．hobby C．purpose D．task 2．A．permanently B．ever C．usually D．never 3．A．simplistic B．common C．normal D．strange 4．A．learning B．keeping C．collecting D．showing 5．A．time B．energy C．allowance D．treasure 6．A．discovered B．purchased C．touched D．created 7．A．managed B．promised C．recalled D．pretended 8．A．temporary B．constant C．fresh D．initial 9．A．freely B．exactly C．eventually D．fortunately 10．A．direct B．fund C．acquire D．reward 11．A．picture B．analyse C．shape D．fashion 12．A．surprising B．rising C．inspiring D．rewarding 13．A．ability B．career C．entertainment D．future 14．A．show off B．take off C．put off D．get off 15．A．expanded B．changed C．formed D．controlled 16．A．brought B．valued C．praised D．awarded 17．A．reason B．approach C．root D．attitude 18．A．desire B．dream C．record D．enthusiasm 19．A．potential B．ingredient C．preference D．media 20．A．memorize B．seize C．pursue D．invest 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．B 17．C 18．D 19．B 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了Fossil Realm公司的CEO彼得如何将自己的爱好——收集化石——转变为成功事业的励志故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你能把你的爱好转变成职业会怎样？A. journey旅程；B. hobby爱好；C. purpose目的；D. task任务。根据前文“our entertainment or hobbies”和后文讲述的彼得将化石收藏爱好转变为事业可知，此处是讨论将“爱好”转化为职业。故选B项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：正如那句老话所说：“如果你找到一份你热爱的工作，你一生中就一天都不用工作了。”A. permanently永久地；B. ever曾经；C. usually通常；D. never从不。根据前文“If you find a job you love”可推知，如果找到喜欢的工作，就永远不会觉得是在工作。故选D项。 3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对彼得来说，这句格言有点过于简单化了。A. simplistic过于简单化的；B. common常见的；C. normal正常的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文彼得对将爱好转化为事业的艰辛的描述可知，他会觉得这句格言把事情想得“过于简单了”。故选A项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得收藏化石的爱好始于高中。A. learning学习；B. keeping保持；C. collecting收藏；D. showing展示。根据后文“he showed a(n) interest in natural history”和“Peter recalls saving his 5 at 13 to attend a mineral trade show in Detroit where he 6 a few pieces of fossil, including a trilobite from Morocco.”可知，他对自然史感兴趣，爱好是“收藏”化石。故选C项。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得回忆说，他13岁时攒下零花钱去参加底特律的一个矿物交易会，在那里他购买了几块化石，包括一只来自摩洛哥的三叶虫。A. time时间；B. energy精力；C. allowance零花钱；D. treasure财富。根据前文“saving”和青少年的常见收入来源可知，是攒“零花钱”。故选C项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得回忆说，他13岁时攒下零花钱去参加底特律的一个矿物交易会，在那里他购买了几块化石，包括一只来自摩洛哥的三叶虫。A. discovered发现；B. purchased购买；C. touched触摸；D. created创造。根据前文“attend mineral trade show”和后文“a few pieces of fossil”可推知，他攒下零花钱在交易会上“购买”化石。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到加拿大的家后，他设法把所有东西都卖掉赚了钱。A. managed设法做到；B. promised承诺；C. recalled回忆；D. pretended假装。根据后文“to sell all of the pieces for a profit.”和“This 8 success”可推知，他成功地“设法”卖掉所有化石并获利；manage to do sth.意为“设法做成某事”。故选A项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这最初的(倒卖)成功促使他更多次南下，最终，彼得开始在网上拍卖他的发现。A. temporary临时的；B. constant持续的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. initial最初的。根据前文讲述这是他第一次买卖化石并获利，所以这是“最初的”成功。故选D项。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这最初的(倒卖)成功促使他更多次南下，最终，彼得开始在网上拍卖他的发现。A. freely自由地；B. exactly确切地；C. eventually最终；D. fortunately幸运地。根据前文“more trips south”和后文“began auctioning his finds online”可知，这是一个发展的结果，从线下交易到“最终”开始线上拍卖。故选C项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这门生意帮助他支付了大学学费。A. direct指导；B. fund为……提供资金；C. acquire获得；D. reward奖励。根据前文他的化石生意和后文“through college”可推知，生意收入“资助”他完成了大学学业。故选B项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到毕业时，他开设了自己的电商商店Fossil Realm，并且无法想象再做其他任何事情。A. picture想象；B. analyse分析；C. shape塑造；D. fashion使成形。根据前文“The business helped to 10 him through college. And by graduation, he opened his own ecommerce store Fossil realm ”和后文“doing anything else”可推知，彼得喜欢化石，并在化石生意上已经小有成就，所以大学毕业后无法“想象”自己会去从事其他工作。故选A项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经营Fossil Realm确实是一门回报丰厚的生意，然而，他说：“尽管你的生意仅仅围绕着你的娱乐爱好，但这并不意味着它会很容易成功，也不一定就会充满乐趣或带来满足感。”。A. surprising令人惊讶的；B. rising上升的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. rewarding有回报的，赚钱的。根据前文“The business helped to 10 him through college.”和后文“such as an ichthyosaur skeleton 16 at $195,000”可知，生意帮助他支付了大学学费，且商品价格昂贵，所以生意是“有回报的”。故选D项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经营Fossil Realm确实是一门回报丰厚的生意，然而，他说：“尽管你的生意仅仅围绕着你的娱乐爱好，但这并不意味着它会很容易成功，也不一定就会充满乐趣或带来满足感。”A. ability能力；B. career事业；C. entertainment娱乐；D. future未来。根据第一段“we can devote to our entertainment or hobbies”和前文他的生意源于收藏化石的“爱好”(也是一种娱乐)可知，彼得说自己的生意围绕“娱乐，爱好”展开， entertainment为原词复现。故选C项。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：经营Fossil Realm确实是一门回报丰厚的生意,然而，他说：“尽管你的生意仅仅围绕着你的娱乐爱好，但这并不意味着它会很容易成功，也不一定就会充满乐趣或带来满足感。”A. show off炫耀；B. take off起飞，成功；C. put off推迟；D. get off下车。根据前文“that doesn’t mean it’ll”和后文“easily”可知，生意不会轻松成功。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的Fossil Realm已经拓展了他的业务，包括许多博物馆级别的发现，例如一具估价为19.5万美元的鱼龙骨架。A. expanded扩展；B. changed改变；C. formed形成；D. controlled控制。根据后文“including many museum-quality finds”可知，生意范围“扩展”了。故选A项。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的Fossil Realm已经拓展了他的业务，包括许多博物馆级别的发现，例如一具估价为19.5万美元的鱼龙骨架。A. brought带来；B. valued估价；C. praised赞扬；D. awarded授予。根据“at $195,000”可知，是对鱼龙骨架进行“估价”。故选B项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他成功的根源在于他从未失去童年时对化石的热情。A. reason理由；B. approach方法；C. root根源；D. attitude态度。根据后文“he never loses a childhood 18 about fossils”可知，童年时对化石的热情是他成功的“根源”。故选C项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他成功的根源在于他从未失去童年时对化石的热情。A. desire渴望；B. dream梦想；C. record记录；D. enthusiasm热情。根据前文可知，彼得一直热爱化石，结合“childhood”可知，这里谈论的是他童年时期对化石的“热情”。故选D项。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：彼得的成功告诉我们，除了你的技能和信心之外，另一个重要的因素是专注于你真正热爱的事物的能力。A. potential潜力；B. ingredient要素，因素；C. preference偏好；D. media媒体。根据后文“your skill and confidence”和“the capacity to focus on ideas that you feel passionate about”可知，句中讨论的是成功所需的另一个“要素”。故选B项。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拥有热情会推动你去追求你所热爱的事物，并将那份热爱转化为行动。A. memorize记住；B. seize抓住；C. pursue追求；D. invest投资。根据“Having passion”和“something you love”可知，热情会推动人去“追求”所爱。故选C项。 Passage 5 主题：任何事做好准备去抓住机会更重要 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：358 To Be Lucky, Be Prepared I remember the exact moment I learned the principle of preparing for luck. I was on the wrestling team. Now, if there’s one thing I can tell you about any sports, it is that wrestling is probably the sport that has the least 1 . There are only two people out on the mat, so you cannot blame it 2 your teammates or your coach. And guess what? There is no 3 because we do the whole thing indoors, so you can’t say, “It was raining.” or “It was snowing.” It makes 4 to say wresting is the sport with the least luck. On our team were two world champions: one of them had been world champion five times. We 5 had five people who were national champions. One of them was a guy 6 the name of John. John had never been 7 in my high school wrestling competition that I could remember, 8 he was a national champion. There was nobody locally who could touch him. One day, we 9 a match with our biggest opponent (对手). John went out on the mat, and about a minute and 30 seconds into the match he tried to make a particular 10 . He rolled over, and his opponent 11 him halfway through his roll. He was pinned 12 ! The match was over. I remember on the bus on the way home, one of our teammates tried to 13 John by saying, “Oh, he just got lucky.” And John said, “That’s so stupid. The opportunity presented itself, 14 he grasped it.” We used to have this big sign in our wrestling room that the coach had 15 there: “Luck is what happens when opportunity 16 preparation.” John’s opponent was prepared to exploit this opportunity. The probability of 17 John was not strong, and he knew it. But he paid attention to the 18 opportunity to present itself, and he defeated and pinned a five-time national champion. In other words, the real 19 is Be Prepared. It’s not just finding the opportunity; you have to be prepared to 20 it. 1．A．luck B．risk C．difficulty D．opportunity 2．A．over B．on C．about D．into 3．A．stress B．injury C．weather D．standard 4．A．judgement B．progress C．way D．sense 5．A．also B．even C．only D．once 6．A．under B．for C．in D．by 7．A．hurt B．chosen C．defeated D．trained 8．A．although B．because C．unless D．until 9．A．went for B．waited for C．fought tor D．played tor 10．A．sign B．step C．task D．move 11．A．fixed B．threw C．caught D．carried 12．A．accidentally B．fortunately C．unfairly D．instantly 13．A．calm B．comfort C．convince D．forgive 14．A．so B．or C．and D．but 15．A．set B．put C．left D．used 16．A．meets B．suits C．gets D．fits 17．A．striking B．beating C．knocking D．controlling 18．A．equal B．exact C．rest D．right 19．A．message B．passage C．decision D．suggestion 20．A．receive B．follow C．seize D．save 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A 17．B 18．D 19．A 20．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者以摔跤这项运动为例，告诉我们不管做什么事情都不能只靠运气。运气是机遇加上准备，机会很重要，但做好准备去抓住机会更重要。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，如果我能告诉你一件关于任何运动的事情，那就是摔跤可能是最无关运气的事情。A. luck运气；B. risk风险；C. difficulty困难；D. opportunity机会。根据本段末句“wresting is the sport with the least luck”可知，摔跤可能是最无关运气的事情，故选A。 2．考查介词词义辨析。句意：只有两个人在垫子上，所以你不能责怪你的队友或教练。A. over在……期间；B. on在……上面；C. about关于；D. into到……里面。blame sth on sb“把某事归咎于某人”，故选B。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无关天气，因为我们整个过程都是在室内进行的，所以你不能说，“当时在下雨”或者“当时在下雪。”A. stress压力；B. injury伤害；C. weather天气；D. standard标准。根据“‘It was raining.’ or ‘It was snowing.’”可知，此处指天气，故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：说摔跤是最无关运气的运动是有道理的。A. judgement评价；B. progress进步；C. way方法；D. sense意义，道理。根据上文“wrestling is probably the sport that has the least ____1____.”以及提到不能归咎于队友或教练，也无关天气可知，说摔跤是最无关运气的运动是有道理的，make sense讲得通、有道理，故选D。 5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们也有五个人是全国冠军。A. also也；B. even甚至；C. only只有；D. once曾经。根据上文“On our team were two world champions”可知，此处是介绍队伍的其他人，队里有两个人是世界冠军，还有五个人是全国冠军，故选A。 6．考查介词词义辨析。句意：其中一个叫John。A. under在……下面；B. for为了；C. in在……里面；D. by通过。by the name of…“名叫……的人”，故选D。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我所记得的高中摔跤比赛中，John从来没有被打败过，因为他是全国冠军。A. hurt受伤；B. chosen选择；C. defeated打败；D. trained训练。根据下文“he was a national champion”可知，John是全国冠军，所以在高中摔跤比赛中从来没有被打败过，故选C。 8．考查连词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. although尽管；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. until直到。空后表示原因，使用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我们去和我们最强大的对手比赛。A. went for参加；B. waited for等待；C. fought for为……战斗；D. played for为……演奏。根据“a match”可知，此处指参加比赛，故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：John走到垫子上，在比赛开始1分30秒时，他试图做出一个特别的动作。A. sign标志；B. step步骤；C. task任务；D. move动作。根据“He rolled over”可知，他试图做出一个特别的动作，故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他翻了个身，对手在他翻到一半时抓住了他。A. fixed安装，固定；B. threw扔；C. caught抓住；D. carried携带。根据“He was pinned”可知，他被压住，故此处指对手在他翻到一半时抓住了他，故选C。 12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立即被压住了！A. accidentally偶然地；B. fortunately幸运地；C. unfairly不公平地；D. instantly立即。根据上文“his opponent ____11____ him halfway through his roll”可知，对手抓住了他，他立即被压住了，故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得在回家的公交车上，我们的一个队友试图安慰John说：“哦，他只是走运而已。”A. calm使平静下来；B. comfort安慰；C. convince使信服；D. forgive原谅。根据“Oh, he just got lucky.”可知，队友是在安慰John，故选B。 14．考查连词词义辨析。句意：机会来了，他抓住了。A. so所以；B. or或者；C. and和，并且；D. but但是。结合句意可知，前后文是并列顺承关系，使用and连接，故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们以前在摔跤室里有一幅巨大的标语，是教练放在那里的：“运气是机会遇到准备时发生的事情。”A. set设置；B. put放；C. left离开；D. used使用。根据“this big sign in our wrestling room”可知，此处指教练放在房间里面的标语，故选B。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. meets遇见；B. suits适合；C. gets得到；D. fits适合，安置。根据上文“The opportunity presented itself, ____14____ he grasped it.”可知，机会出现时对手能够抓住机会所以赢了John，即机会遇到准备时就会发生运气，故选A。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知道打败John的可能性不大。A. striking击打；B. beating打败；C. knocking敲；D. controlling控制。根据上文“John’s opponent”可知，此处指对手想要打败John’s的机会不大，故选B。 18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但他注意到了合适的机会来展示自己，他击败并压制了五届全国冠军。A. equal同等的；B. exact精确的；C. rest剩下的；D. right合适的、正确的。根据上文“John’s opponent was prepared to exploit this opportunity.”以及下文“he defeated and pinned a five-time national champion.”可知，John的对手直到打败John的可能性不大，就准备利用合适的机会打败John，故选D。 19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：换句话说，真正的要点是“做好准备”。A. message信息，要点；B. passage文章；C. decision决定；D. suggestion建议。根据文章首句中“the principle of preparing for luck”以及故事内容可知，文章强调机会来临时要为之做好准备，故此处指真正的要点是“做好准备”，故选A。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是寻找机会；你必须准备好抓住它。A. receive收到；B. follow跟随；C. seize抓住；D. save挽救。此处和上文“he grasped it”中的grasp同义，指抓住机会，故选C。 Passage 6 主题：父女努力克服诵读困难症取得成功的故事 体裁：夹叙夹议 字数：348 My sixth-grade daughter was being kicked out of school. The teacher explained, “She may not be 1 what we’re trying to accomplish.” He was 2 saying she didn’t have the 3 , which made me mad because I knew she was smart, just as my father had known about me when I was 4 in school. We had her 5 and found that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症). Just then I was a 6 television writer, and had been awarded Emmy Award for “The Rockford Files.” If I had known earlier that something beyond my 7 could explain why I was a low 8 , I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s. I was working for no other reason than to hear people 9 me, because I did 10 in all my courses. I once asked a friend why he always got an A, “How long did you study for this?” He replied, “I didn’t. I just 11 it.” So he must be smarter. “What if I’m not good at anything?” I began to ask. Despite my 12 , I did become successful, and people now say to me, “So you’ve 13 dyslexia.” No, I don’t. I learn to 14 it. I 15 making a call if possible, because I sometimes have to try many times to get the number right. Despite these weaknesses, I view dyslexia as a(n) 16 . Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is. I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is my 17 . The real 18 I have for dyslexic children is not they have to 19 in school, but that they will be quitters before they get out of school. Parents have to create 20 for them, whether it’s music, sports or art. You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other pride.” 1．A．content with B．used to C．equal to D．familiar with 2．A．hardly B．actually C．partly D．merely 3．A．independence B．confidence C．preference D．intelligence 4．A．failing B．progressing C．changing D．crying 5．A．informed B．questioned C．tested D．surveyed 6．A．loyal B．successful C．traditional D．typical 7．A．admiration B．appreciation C．consumption D．control 8．A．composer B．achiever C．performer D．observer 9．A．inspire B．call C．praise D．neglect 10．A．actively B．badly C．fast D．well 11．A．glanced at B．stared at C．got rid of D．put up with 12．A．confusion B．effort C．dream D．sacrifice 13．A．overlooked B．confirmed C．overcome D．cured 14．A．keep up with B．make up for C．hold on to D．make use of 15．A．repeat B．enjoy C．risk D．avoid 16．A．adventure B．pleasure C．gift D．punishment 17．A．purpose B．challenge C．contribution D．strength 18．A．fear B．joy C．favor D．respect 19．A．struggle B．apply C．achieve D．accomplish 20．A．surprises B．competitions C．imaginations D．victories 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．A 20．D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了作者和女儿都患有诵读困难症，作者通过努力克服困难并取得成功的故事。 1．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：老师解释说：“她可能无法胜任我们想要达成的目标。”A. content with对……满意；B. used to习惯于；C. equal to胜任；D. familiar with熟悉。根据上文“My sixth-grade daughter was being kicked out of school.”可知，老师说作者的女儿可能达不到学校想要达到的目标，be equal to合适，胜任，符合语境。故选C项。 2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有那种智力，这让我很生气，因为我知道她很聪明，就像我父亲在我上学成绩不及格时了解我一样。A. hardly几乎不；B. actually实际上；C. partly部分地；D. merely仅仅。根据上文的“My sixth-grade daughter was being kicked out of school.”以及“The teacher explained, “She may not be ____1____ what we’re trying to accomplish.””可知，老师表面说女儿无法胜任，实际上是在质疑她的智力。故选B项。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有那种智力，这让我很生气，因为我知道她很聪明，就像我父亲在我上学成绩不及格时了解我一样。A. independence独立；B. confidence自信；C. preference偏爱；D. intelligence智力。根据下文“which made me mad because I knew she was smart”可知，作者知道女儿很聪明，可是老师在说她没有这个智力。故选D项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他实际上是在说她没有那种智力，这让我很生气，因为我知道她很聪明，就像我父亲在我上学成绩不及格时了解我一样。A. failing失败，不及格；B. progressing进步；C. changing改变；D. crying哭。根据下文“We had her ____5____ and found that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症).”可知，作者上学时成绩不好，不及格。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们让她做了检查，发现她所经历的问题和我完全一样——诵读困难症。A. informed通知；B. questioned询问；C. tested测试，检查；D. surveyed调查。根据下文“and found that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症).”可知，作者给女儿做了测验然后发现女儿患有诵读困难症。故选C项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我是一名成功的电视编剧，还凭借《洛克福德档案》获得了艾美奖。A. loyal忠诚的；B. successful成功的；C. traditional传统的；D. typical典型的。根据下文“and had been awarded Emmy Award for “The Rockford Files.””可知，作者是成功的编剧。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我早一点知道，有些我无法控制的事情可以解释为什么我是一个成就低下的人，我可能就不会在20多岁末30出头的时候那么努力工作了。A. admiration钦佩；B. appreciation欣赏；C. consumption消费；D. control控制。根据上文“that the troubles she was going through were exactly what I had suffered from — dyslexia (诵读困难症).”可知，作者患有阅诵读困难症，这是作者无法控制的事情。故选D项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我早一点知道，有些我无法控制的事情可以解释为什么我是一个成就低下的人，我可能就不会在20多岁末30出头的时候那么努力工作了。A. composer作曲家；B. achiever成就者；C. performer表演者；D. observer观察者。根据上文的“just as my father had known about me when I was ____4____ in school.”以及下文“I did ____10____ in all my courses”可知，作者上学时成绩差，是成就低下的人。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我努力工作的唯一原因就是为了听到人们表扬我，因为我所有的课程都学得很差。A. inspire激励；B. call打电话；C. praise表扬；D. neglect忽视。根据语境和上文“I was working for no other reason than to hear people”可知，因为成绩差，作者希望通过努力工作获得别人的表扬。故选C项。 10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我努力工作的唯一原因就是为了听到人们表扬我，因为我所有的课程都学得很差。A. actively积极地；B. badly差地；C. fast快地；D. well好地。根据上文“If I had known earlier that something beyond my ____7____ could explain why I was a low ____8____, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s.”可知，作者上学时成绩差，是成就低下的人，由此可知，作者课程学得很差。故选B项。 11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他回答说：“我没有（学习）。我只是瞥了一眼。”A. glanced at瞥一眼；B. stared at盯着看；C. got rid of摆脱；D. put up with忍受。根据上文“I once asked a friend why he always got an A, “How long did you study for this?””和下文“So he must be smarter.”可知，作者的学习成绩好的朋友得到A并未在学习上花很多时间，是聪明的人，由此可推断，此处指的是扫了一眼。故选A项。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很困惑，但我确实成功了，现在人们对我说：“所以你已经克服了诵读困难症。”A. confusion困惑；B. effort努力；C. dream梦想；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据上文“What if I’m not good at anything? I began to ask.”可知，作者对自己能否成功感到困惑。故选A项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我很困惑，但我确实成功了，现在人们对我说：“所以你已经克服了诵读困难症。”A. overlooked忽视；B. confirmed确认；C. overcome克服；D. cured治愈。根据上文“I did become successful”可知，人们认为作者成功了，应该是克服了诵读困难症。故选C项。 14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：不，我没有（克服）。我学会了弥补它。A. keep up with跟上；B. make up for弥补；C. hold on to坚持；D. make use of利用。根据下文“because I sometimes have to try many times to get the number right.”可知，作者没有克服诵读困难症，而是学会弥补它带来的不便。故选B项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果可能的话，我避免打电话，因为我有时要试很多次才能把号码弄对。A. repeat重复；B. enjoy享受；C. risk冒险；D. avoid避免。根据语境和下文“I sometimes have to try many times to get the number right”可知，因为诵读困难，作者打电话时难以记对号码，所以避免打电话。故选D项。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这些缺点，我还是把诵读困难症看作是一种天赋。A. adventure冒险；B. pleasure乐趣；C. gift天赋；D. punishment惩罚。根据下文“Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is.”可知，作者认为诵读困难症是一种天赋。故选C项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：写作是我的强项。A. purpose目的；B. challenge挑战；C. contribution贡献；D. strength强项。根据上文的“I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day.”可知，作者一天最多能写15页，由此可知，写作是作者的强项。故选D项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对有诵读困难症的孩子真正的担心不是他们在学校里必须挣扎，而是他们在离开学校之前就会放弃。A. fear担心，恐惧；B. joy快乐；C. favor偏爱；D. respect尊重。根据下文的“not they have to ____19____ in school, but that they will be quitters before they get out of school.”可知，孩子们会自行放弃，这是作者真正的担心的。故选A项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对有诵读困难症的孩子真正的担心不是他们在学校里必须挣扎，而是他们在离开学校之前就会放弃。A. struggle挣扎；B. apply申请；C. achieve实现；D. accomplish完成。根据下文的“but that they will be quitters before they get out of school”和but转折可推知，有诵读困难症的孩子在学校学习时会很挣扎。故选A项。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：父母必须为他们创造成功，无论是在音乐、体育还是艺术方面。A. surprises惊喜；B. competitions竞争；C. imaginations想象；D. victories胜利，成功。根据下文“You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other pride.””可知，父母要为孩子创造成功的机会，让他们有其他可骄傲的事情。故选D项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $